CAEȱDSȱ–ȱHighȱPressureȱDieȱCastingȱDesignȱ

Castingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱ
TampereȱUniversityȱofȱTechnologyȱ–ȱTuulaȱHöökȱ

Highȱpressureȱdieȱcastingȱdimensionalȱandȱgeometricalȱaccuracyȱdependsȱonȱtheȱ
followingȱdetails:ȱ
 dieȱthermalȱbalanceȱ
 dieȱmechanicalȱstrengthȱandȱstiffnessȱ
 draggingȱduringȱejectionȱ
 partingȱlineȱpositionȱ
 movingȱcoresȱpositionȱ
ȱ

Dieȱthermalȱbalanceȱ
Dieȱthermalȱbalanceȱinfluencesȱcastingȱdimensionalȱandȱgeometricalȱaccuracyȱinȱ
manyȱdifferentȱmechanisms.ȱBasicallyȱthereȱareȱtwoȱsubjectsȱofȱtheȱmechanisms:ȱdieȱ
andȱtheȱcastingȱitself.ȱ
Dieȱsteelsȱhaveȱcertainȱcoefficientsȱofȱthermalȱexpansion,ȱwhichȱhaveȱbeenȱnoticedȱ
asȱaȱpartȱofȱtheȱcastingȱshrinkageȱfactor.ȱBasicallyȱtheȱcastingȱshrinkageȱfactorȱ
consistsȱofȱthermalȱexpansionȱofȱtheȱcastingȱalloyȱatȱtheȱcastingȱejectionȱtemperatureȱ
andȱthermalȱexpansionȱofȱtheȱdieȱsteel.ȱTheȱcastingȱejectionȱtemperatureȱmayȱvaryȱ
fromȱcycleȱtoȱcycleȱdependingȱonȱtheȱdieȱtemperature;ȱtemperatureȱofȱtheȱalloy;ȱandȱ
heatȱlossesȱduringȱdosingȱandȱtheȱcastingȱshot.ȱIfȱtheȱthermalȱconditionsȱareȱstable,ȱ
theȱejectionȱtemperatureȱvariationȱisȱminimal.ȱItȱmayȱtakeȱ1ȱ–ȱ2ȱhoursȱafterȱproducȬ
tionȱstartȬupȱbeforeȱallȱequipmentsȱhaveȱreachedȱaȱthermalȱbalance.ȱIfȱthereȱisȱevenȱ
aȱ5ȱȬȱ10ȱminutesȱbreakȱbetweenȱmachineȱcycles,ȱtheȱthermalȱbalanceȱisȱlost.ȱ
Thermalȱexpansionȱofȱtheȱdieȱsteelȱatȱtheȱtimeȱofȱtheȱejectionȱisȱveryȱdifficultȱtoȱ
predict,ȱbecauseȱtheȱdieȱtemperatureȱvariesȱbetweenȱdifferentȱpartsȱinsideȱtheȱcavityȱ
andȱasȱaȱfunctionȱofȱtime.ȱHeatȱflowsȱratherȱslowlyȱandȱasȱaȱresultȱthisȱphenomenonȱ
theȱdieȱsteelȱunderȱcavityȱwarmsȱupȱaȱfewȱsecondsȱafterȱtheȱcastingȱisȱalreadyȱ
ejected.ȱHighȱandȱnarrowȱprojectionsȱtendȱtoȱheatȱupȱafterȱaȱfewȱtensȱofȱcastingȱ
shots.ȱNarrowȱprojectionsȱheatȱupȱmoreȱthanȱcavityȱshapesȱandȱflatȱsurfaces,ȱbeȬ
causeȱthereȱisȱlessȱheatȱconductingȱmaterial.ȱ(Seeȱimageȱbelow.)ȱ
ȱ
ȱ

Imageȱ1. Aȱcavityȱorȱflatȱsurfacesȱ
haveȱmoreȱsurroundingȱmaterialȱtoȱ
conductȱheatȱthanȱcoreȱsurface.ȱForȱ
thisȱreasonȱcoresȱtendȱtoȱheatȱupȱ
moreȱthanȱflatȱcavityȱareas.ȱ

CastingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱȬȱ1ȱ
 CAEȱDSȱ–ȱHighȱPressureȱDieȱCastingȱDesignȱ

Coresȱresistȱcastingȱshrinkage.ȱFlatȱareaȱinȱaȱcastingȱmayȱshrinkȱnearlyȱtwiceȱasȱ
muchȱasȱanȱareaȱaroundȱaȱcore.ȱ(Seeȱimageȱbelow)ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ

Imageȱ2. Differentȱcastingȱshapesȱshrinkȱ
differently.ȱIfȱtheȱcastingȱonȱtheȱleftȱwereȱ
madeȱofȱsteel,ȱtheȱshrinkagesȱwouldȱbeȱasȱ
presented.ȱTheȱfigureȱbasesȱonȱJ.ȱCampbell,ȱ
Castings,ȱ2ndȱedit.ȱȱ
2,4%ȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ1,64% ȱȱȱȱ0,92%ȱ

ȱ
Basicallyȱtheȱdieȱcavityȱisȱmachinedȱaȱlittleȱlargerȱthanȱtheȱwantedȱdimensionsȱinȱaȱ
casting.ȱTheȱcastingȱdimensionsȱareȱmultipliedȱwithȱaȱcoefficientȱcalledȱaȱshrinkageȱ
factor.ȱItȱshouldȱbeȱpossibleȱtoȱdetermineȱtheȱfactorȱfromȱlinearȱthermalȱcoefficientsȱ
ofȱtheȱdieȱmaterialȱandȱtheȱcastingȱalloy,ȱbutȱasȱaȱresultȱofȱallȱtheȱdescribedȱvagueȬ
ness,ȱtheȱshrinkageȱfactorȱisȱgivenȱasȱanȱempiricallyȱderivedȱinȱhouseȱstandard.ȱTheȱ
standardȱmayȱbeȱdifferentȱforȱdifferentȱcastingȱtypes.ȱTypicalȱshrinkageȱinȱalumiȬ
numȱhighȱpressureȱdieȱcastingȱisȱforȱexampleȱbetweenȱ0,5%ȱȬȱ0,7%ȱevenȱthoughȱtheȱ
coefficientȱofȱthermalȱexpansionȱwouldȱforetellȱmore.ȱ
Ifȱtheȱcastingȱhasȱsomeȱimportantȱtoleratedȱdimensions,ȱtheȱcastingȱcompanyȱ
shouldȱbeȱableȱtoȱmaintainȱtheȱthermalȱconditionsȱinsideȱtheȱdieȱasȱsteadyȱasȱpossiȬ
ble.ȱTheȱcastingȱejectionȱtemperatureȱvariationȱhasȱtoȱbeȱkeptȱasȱsmallȱasȱpossible.ȱIfȱ
requirementsȱareȱespeciallyȱtight,ȱthereȱshouldȱbeȱsomeȱadvancedȱtemperatureȱ
controlȱsystemsȱinȱuse.ȱTraditionalȱtemperingȱdevicesȱwithȱcirculatingȱhotȱoilȱdoȱnotȱ
controlȱdieȱtemperatureȱdirectly.ȱTheyȱcontrolȱonlyȱtheȱoilȱtemperatureȱandȱwithȱtheȱ
oilȱtemperatureȱtheȱdieȱtemperature.ȱTheȱcontrolȱsystemȱdoesȱnotȱhaveȱaȱlinkȱtoȱ
temperaturesȱinsideȱtheȱdie.ȱTheȱsameȱgoesȱwithȱsprayingȱdevices.ȱIfȱthereȱisȱaȱneedȱ
forȱaccurateȱdieȱtemperatureȱcontrol,ȱtheȱsystemȱmustȱhaveȱsensorȱforȱmeasuringȱ
temperatureȱofȱcriticalȱplacesȱinsideȱtheȱdie.ȱ
WhenȱtheȱdieȱmaterialȱheatsȱupȱitȱexpandsȱaccordingȱtoȱtheȱlinearȱthermalȱcoeffiȬ
cientsȱandȱtemperaturesȱofȱtheȱdifferentȱdieȱparts.ȱIfȱtheȱdieȱmaterialsȱhaveȱsimilarȱ
coefficientsȱofȱlinearȱthermalȱexpansionȱandȱtheȱtemperatureȱisȱtheȱsameȱinȱallȱdieȱ
parts,ȱtheȱdieȱmaintainsȱtotallyȱflatȱandȱtheȱtwoȱdieȱhalvesȱfitȱtogetherȱasȱwellȱasȱ
possible.ȱUsuallyȱthisȱisȱnotȱtheȱcase.ȱUsuallyȱtheȱmaterialȱnearȱtheȱdieȱcavityȱsurȬ
faceȱisȱhotterȱthanȱtheȱotherȱareas.ȱAndȱasȱaȱresultȱtheȱdieȱwillȱbendȱ(Imageȱ3ȱa)ȱnextȱ
page).ȱ
Inȱidealȱsituationȱtheȱdieȱhalvesȱwouldȱbeȱinȱtheȱsameȱtemperature.ȱUsuallyȱtheȱcoreȱ
sideȱtendsȱtoȱheatȱupȱmoreȱandȱcavityȱsideȱless.ȱTheȱtemperatureȱdifferenceȱbetweenȱ
theȱdieȱhalvesȱposeȱaȱsituationȱpresentedȱinȱtheȱsameȱimageȱb).ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ

CastingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱȬȱ2ȱ
 CAEȱDSȱ–ȱHighȱPressureȱDieȱCastingȱDesignȱ

ȱ
Coreȱ ȱȱȱCavity ȱ Core ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱCavity

a) ȱȱ ȱ ȱȱȱȱb) ȱ

Imageȱ3. a)ȱBendingȱdueȱtoȱtemperatureȱdifferencesȱinsideȱdieȱmaterialsȱb)ȱBendingȱdueȱtoȱ
temperatureȱdifferencesȱinsideȱtheȱdieȱmaterialsȱandȱbetweenȱdieȱhalves.ȱCoreȱsideȱtypicallyȱ
tendsȱtoȱheatȱupȱmoreȱthanȱtheȱcavityȱside.ȱ

Minimumȱdieȱguidingȱsystemȱconsistsȱofȱguideȱpillarsȱandȱsleeves.ȱWithȱthisȱminiȬ
mumȱsystemȱtheȱdimensionalȱdifferencesȱbetweenȱtheȱdieȱhalvesȱcanȱbeȱbalancedȱtoȱ
aȱcertainȱdegree,ȱbutȱforȱmoreȱaccurateȱdimensionalȱcontrol,ȱtheȱdieȱdesignerȱshouldȱ
adoptȱsideȱguidesȱ(Seeȱtheȱfollowingȱimage).ȱȱ
ȱ

Guideȱsleevesȱandȱ
pillarsȱ

Straightȱinterlock

Imageȱ4. ȱSideȱinterlocksȱforȱhighȱpressureȱdieȱcastingȱdieȱandȱforȱexampleȱforȱinjectionȱ
moldingȱmould.ȱSideȱinterlocksȱwillȱguideȱtheȱdieȱhalvesȱmoreȱaccuratelyȱtogetherȱthanȱtheȱ
standardȱguideȱpillarȱandȱsleeveȱsystem.ȱGuideȱpillarsȱandȱsleevesȱareȱmanufacturedȱtoȱ
tolerateȱsomeȱthermalȱimbalanceȱbetweenȱtheȱtwoȱdieȱhalves,ȱbutȱatȱtheȱsameȱtimeȱtheyȱallowȱ
someȱinaccuracyȱinȱpositioningȱtheȱdieȱorȱmouldȱhalves.ȱ

Ifȱthereȱareȱhotȱandȱcoolerȱpartsȱinsideȱtheȱdieȱcavity,ȱtheȱdieȱbends,ȱbutȱsoȱdoesȱalsoȱ
theȱcasting.ȱTheȱvariationsȱinȱdieȱtemperaturesȱcauseȱalsoȱotherȱkindsȱofȱproblems:ȱ
Temperatureȱvariationsȱcauseȱvariationsȱinȱshrinkageȱandȱsolidificationȱconditionsȱ
andȱtheȱcastingȱmayȱbuildȱupȱinternalȱstresses.ȱAfterȱtheȱcastingȱisȱejected,ȱtheȱ
internalȱstressesȱrelieveȱandȱtheȱcastingȱbends.ȱIfȱtheȱcastingȱisȱdesignedȱwithȱbothȱ
thinȱandȱthickȱsectionsȱorȱsections,ȱwhichȱwillȱforȱsomeȱotherȱreason,ȱconcentrateȱ
heatȱinȱtheȱdie,ȱitȱmayȱbeȱveryȱdifficultȱtoȱcopeȱwithȱtheseȱinȱtheȱcastingȱshopȱandȱ
difficultȱwarpageȱproblemsȱarise.ȱ

CastingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱȬȱ3ȱ
 CAEȱDSȱ–ȱHighȱPressureȱDieȱCastingȱDesignȱ

Ifȱtheȱinternalȱstressesȱconcentrateȱinȱanȱunfavorableȱway,ȱtheȱthickerȱsectionsȱmayȱ ȱ
evenȱbreakȱunderȱservice.ȱTheȱcastingȱmayȱhaveȱstructures,ȱwhichȱareȱsimilarȱtoȱ
stressȱlattices.ȱSpecialȱconsiderationȱshouldȱbeȱtakenȱwhenȱdesigningȱfeaturesȱ
similarȱtoȱtheseȱ(Seeȱimageȱbelow).ȱ
ȱ
ȱ

Imageȱ5. Castingȱstructures,ȱwhichȱ
areȱsimilarȱtoȱstressȱlattices.ȱDifferȬ
entȱcoolingȱratesȱcauseȱwarpageȱandȱ
internalȱstresses.ȱTheȱcastingȱmayȱ
evenȱbreakȱfromȱtheȱthickestȱpartȱ
underȱserviceȱconditionsȱasȱaȱresultȱ
ofȱtheȱstressȱconcentrations.ȱFastenȬ
ingȱribsȱmayȱhaveȱsimilarȱeffectsȱifȱ
notȱcarefullyȱdesigned.ȱ

ȱ
ȱ

Dieȱandȱmachineȱmechanicalȱstrengthȱandȱstiffnessȱ
Eachȱcastingȱshotȱposesȱaȱpowerfulȱstressȱtoȱtheȱcavityȱblockȱofȱtheȱdieȱmovingȱhalfȱ
andȱtoȱtheȱmachineȱclosingȱsystem.ȱTheȱmovingȱhalfȱcavityȱplateȱrestsȱonȱrisersȱandȱ
thereȱisȱnoȱsupportȱfromȱtheȱmachineȱplatenȱlikeȱinȱtheȱfixedȱside.ȱForȱthatȱreasonȱ
theȱdieȱisȱtypicallyȱequippedȱwithȱsupportȱpillars.ȱWithoutȱtheȱsupportȱpillarsȱtheȱ
inȬcavityȱpressureȱwouldȱbendȱtheȱcavityȱplate.ȱ
Theȱhighȱpressureȱdieȱcastingȱmachineȱisȱequippedȱwithȱaȱcombinedȱhydraulicȱandȱ
mechanicalȱclosingȱunitȱtoȱkeepȱtheȱdieȱhalvesȱtogetherȱduringȱtheȱcastingȱshot.ȱInȱ
allȬelectricȱmachinesȱtheȱclosingȱunitȱisȱcombinedȱelectricalȱandȱmechanical.ȱIfȱtheȱ
machineȱisȱstrongȱenough,ȱtheȱdieȱhalvesȱstayȱtightlyȱclosed.ȱIfȱtheȱmachineȱclosingȱ
forceȱisȱnotȱstrongȱenough,ȱtheȱdieȱopensȱslightlyȱandȱletsȱsomeȱalloyȱtoȱpassȱtoȱtheȱ
partingȱsurface.ȱTheȱcastingȱwillȱhaveȱsomeȱflashȱaroundȱtheȱpartingȱlineȱandȱalsoȱ
theȱdimensionsȱperpendicularȱtoȱtheȱpartingȱsurfaceȱwillȱbeȱslightlyȱlargerȱthanȱ
intended.ȱ
ȱ
ȱ

ȱ ȱ

Imageȱ6. Aȱsupportȱpillarȱbehindȱtheȱdieȱcavityȱplateȱinȱtheȱmovingȱside.ȱ

CastingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱȬȱ4ȱ
 CAEȱDSȱ–ȱHighȱPressureȱDieȱCastingȱDesignȱ

Draggingȱduringȱejectionȱorȱmouldȱopeningȱ
Draggingȱisȱaȱphenomenonȱthatȱoccursȱifȱ
 theȱcastingȱisȱdesignedȱwithȱtooȱsmallȱdraftȱanglesȱ
 thereȱisȱaȱbackȱdraftȱconditionȱ
 theȱalloyȱ(typicallyȱaluminiumȱorȱzinc)ȱsoldersȱtoȱtheȱdieȱsurfaceȱ
 theȱtabletȱsticksȱtoȱtheȱplungerȱ
ȱ
Draggingȱbreaksȱtheȱcastingȱsurfaceȱandȱsurfaceȱdefectsȱmayȱsolelyȱcauseȱrejectionȱ
ofȱtheȱpart.ȱDraggingȱcausesȱalsoȱdimensionalȱinstability.ȱIfȱtabletȱsticksȱbetweenȱaȱ
plungerȱandȱaȱcastingȱchamber,ȱtheȱcastingȱusuallyȱbreaksȱatȱaȱgate.ȱBeforeȱtheȱ
breakingȱoccurs,ȱtheȱcastingȱisȱaffectedȱwithȱtensileȱstresses,ȱwhichȱcauseȱdistortionsȱ
andȱdimensionalȱinaccuracy.ȱImageȱ7ȱpresentsȱenlargedȱeffectȱofȱaȱstuckȱtablet.ȱTheȱ
similarȱeffectȱhappensȱwhenȱtheȱcastingȱdragsȱinȱtheȱfixedȱdieȱhalfȱasȱaȱconsequenceȱ
ofȱsoldering,ȱaȱbackȱdraftȱconditionȱorȱaȱzeroȱdraftȱcondition.ȱNextȱimageȱ(Imageȱ9)ȱ
showsȱanȱeffectȱofȱaȱsolderingȱorȱaȱzero/backȱdraftȱconditionȱinȱtheȱmovingȱdieȱhalf.ȱ
Theȱdieȱejectionȱsystemȱsetsȱanȱunevenȱejectionȱforceȱtoȱtheȱcasting,ȱbecauseȱsomeȱ
partsȱofȱtheȱcastingȱreleaseȱwithȱeaseȱandȱsomeȱdoȱnot.ȱAsȱaȱresultȱtheȱcastingȱbends.ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ

Imageȱ7. Left:ȱUndistortedȱ
runnerȱsystemȱandȱdimensionȬ
allyȱaccurateȱcasting.ȱRight:ȱ
Distortedȱrunnerȱandȱbentȱ
castingȱwithȱdimensionalȱ
inaccuracy.ȱBendingȱdueȱtoȱaȱ
stuckȱcoldȱchamberȱdieȱcastingȱ
tablet.ȱ

ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ

Imageȱ8. Warpageȱofȱtheȱrunner.ȱTheȱrunnerȱmayȱbreakȱfromȱ
theȱthick,ȱbutȱstillȱwarmȱandȱsoftȱpartsȱorȱatȱtheȱgate.ȱBeforeȱ
theȱbreakȱoccurs,ȱcastingȱisȱexposedȱtoȱtensileȱstresses.ȱ

CastingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱȬȱ5ȱ
 CAEȱDSȱ–ȱHighȱPressureȱDieȱCastingȱDesignȱ

Imageȱ9. Left:ȱNormal,ȱdimensionallyȱaccurateȱcasting.ȱRight:ȱDistortionȱcausedȱbyȱunevenȱ
ejectionȱforces.ȱEnlargedȱeffect.ȱTheȱwholeȱejectionȱsystemȱmayȱtiltȱifȱtheȱcastingȱsticksȱtoȱtheȱ
dieȱduringȱejection.ȱȱ

Partingȱlineȱandȱmovingȱcoresȱpositionȱandȱtheirȱeffectȱtoȱ
theȱcastingȱtolerancesȱ
Selectionȱofȱpartingȱlineȱpositionȱandȱpositionsȱofȱmovingȱcoresȱhaveȱanȱeffectȱtoȱtheȱ
castingȱtolerances.ȱAccordingȱtoȱtheȱrulesȱofȱtheȱNorthȱAmericanȱDieȱCastingȱAssoȬ
ciationȱ(NADCA)ȱtheȱtoleranceȱisȱcalculatedȱseparatelyȱtoȱdimensionsȱorȱfeaturesȱ
insideȱoneȱdieȱhalfȱandȱdimensionsȱbetweenȱtheȱoppositeȱdieȱhalves.ȱTheȱpartingȱ
lineȱandȱmovingȱcoresȱaddȱtoȱtolerancesȱinȱtheȱ+ȱȬdirection.ȱTheȱinternationalȱISOȱ
standardȱmentions,ȱthatȱ“Manyȱdimensionsȱofȱaȱcastingȱareȱaffectedȱbyȱtheȱpresenceȱofȱaȱ
mouldȱjointȱorȱaȱcore,ȱrequiringȱincreasedȱdimensionalȱtolerance.”ȱHowever,ȱtheȱstandardȱ
doesȱnotȱgiveȱrulesȱhowȱtoȱdefineȱtheȱincreaseȱinȱtolerance.ȱ
Dimensionsȱwithȱcriticalȱtolerancesȱshouldȱbeȱinȱoneȱdieȱhalfȱifȱpossible.ȱSometimesȱ
itȱisȱdifficultȱtoȱseeȱwhetherȱtheȱdimensionsȱareȱonlyȱinȱoneȱdieȱhalfȱorȱcrossingȱtheȱ
partingȱlineȱ(Seeȱtheȱfollowingȱimage).ȱ
ȱ
ȱ
ȱ

Imageȱ10. Dimensionsȱinȱoneȱdieȱ
halfȱandȱacrossȱtheȱpartingȱline.ȱDimenȬ
sionsȱ174ȱmmȱandȱ70ȱmmȱareȱbetweenȱ
featuresȱinȱoneȱdieȱhalf.ȱDimensionȱ61ȱ
mmȱcrossesȱtheȱpartingȱline,ȱbecauseȱitȱisȱ
aȱdimensionȱbetweenȱtheȱpartȱouterȱandȱ
innerȱsurfaces.ȱ

CastingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱȬȱ6ȱ
 CAEȱDSȱ–ȱHighȱPressureȱDieȱCastingȱDesignȱ

Settingȱofȱtolerancesȱ ȱ
ȱ
TheȱNorthȱAmericanȱDieȱCastingȱAssociationȱ(NADCA)ȱhasȱstandardȱspecificationsȱ
forȱsettingȱhighȱpressureȱdieȱcastingȱtolerances.ȱThereȱisȱalsoȱanȱinternationalȱISOȱ ȱ
standardȱseries,ȱwhichȱfocusesȱonȱcastingȱtolerances.ȱThisȱseriesȱreplacesȱtheȱformerȱ
ȱ
ISOȱ8062:1994.ȱISOȱ8062:1994ȱdidȱnotȱhaveȱspecificationsȱtoȱhighȱpressureȱdieȱcastȬ
ings.ȱTheȱnewȱstandardȱseriesȱcoversȱthemȱalso.ȱ ȱ

TheȱnewȱISOȱ8062Ȭ1…3ȱseriesȱdefinesȱcastingȱtolerancesȱasȱDCTȱ(Dimensionalȱ ȱ
CastingȱTolerance)ȱgradesȱandȱGCTȱ(GeometricalȱCastingȱTolerance)ȱgrades.ȱTheȱ
ȱ
formerȱISOȱ8062ȱdefinedȱtolerancesȱonlyȱasȱCTȱ(CastingȱTolerance)ȱgrades.ȱ
ISOȱ8062Ȭ1…3ȱconsistsȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱtitles.ȱ
 ISOȱ8062Ȭ1:2007ȱGeometricalȱproductȱspecificationsȱ(GPS)ȱȬȬȱDimensionalȱ
andȱgeometricalȱtolerancesȱforȱmouldedȱpartsȱȬȬȱPartȱ1:ȱVocabularyȱ
 ISO/TSȱ8062Ȭ2ȱGeometricalȱproductȱspecificationsȱ(GPS)ȱȬȬȱDimensionalȱandȱ
geometricalȱtolerancesȱforȱmouldedȱpartsȱȬȬȱPartȱ2:ȱRulesȱ(Notȱpublishedȱ
yet)ȱ
 ISOȱ8062Ȭ3:2007ȱGeometricalȱproductȱspecificationsȱ(GPS)ȱȬȬȱDimensionalȱ
andȱgeometricalȱtolerancesȱforȱmouldedȱpartsȱȬȬȱPartȱ3:ȱGeneralȱdimenȬ
sionalȱandȱgeometricalȱtolerancesȱandȱmachiningȱallowancesȱforȱcastingsȱ
ȱ
AccordingȱtoȱNADCAȱspecifications,ȱhighȱpressureȱdieȱcastingȱtolerancesȱareȱdiȬ
videdȱintoȱtwoȱgroups:ȱnormalȱandȱprecisionȱtolerances.ȱInternationalȱISOȱstandardȱ
doesȱnotȱuseȱtheseȱterms,ȱbutȱspecifiesȱtheȱtightestȱgeometricalȱtoleranceȱgradeȱasȱ
oneȱtoȱbeȱusedȱonlyȱbyȱspecialȱagreement.ȱTheȱprecisionȱtolerancesȱmayȱbeȱmoreȱ
costlyȱtoȱachieve,ȱbecauseȱtheȱdieȱcasterȱhasȱtoȱpayȱmoreȱattentionȱtoȱtheȱthermalȱ
stabilityȱduringȱcastingȱcyclesȱandȱalsoȱtheȱdieȱhasȱtoȱbeȱmoreȱrigidȱandȱwellȱtested.ȱ
Usuallyȱrigidityȱrequiresȱthickerȱplatesȱandȱtheseȱaddȱtoȱtheȱdieȱcosts.ȱ
NADCAȱspecificationsȱcoverȱtheȱfollowingȱhighȱpressureȱdieȱcastingȱtolerances 1 :ȱ
 dimensionalȱtoleranceȱ
 angularȱtolerance,ȱwhichȱincludesȱflatness,ȱparallelismȱandȱperpendicularȬ
ityȱtolerancesȱ
 concentricityȱtoleranceȱ
 partingȱlineȱshiftȱtoleranceȱ
 flatnessȱtoleranceȱ
ȱ
ISOȱ8062ȱcoversȱtheȱfollowingȱtolerances:ȱ
 dimensionalȱtolerancesȱ
 combinedȱroundness,ȱparallelism,ȱperpendicularityȱandȱsymmetryȱtolerȬ
anceȱ
 concentricityȱtolerance
 straightnessȱtoleranceȱ
 flatnessȱtoleranceȱ
ȱ
ȱ

ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
1 ȱNADCA:ȱProductȱSpecificationȱStandardsȱforȱDieȱCastings,ȱUSA,ȱ2006ȱ

CastingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱȬȱ7ȱ
 CAEȱDSȱ–ȱHighȱPressureȱDieȱCastingȱDesignȱ

Dimensionalȱtolerancesȱ
Dimensionalȱtolerancesȱcoverȱtolerancesȱforȱdimensionsȱinȱoneȱdieȱhalfȱandȱdimensionsȱoverȱpartingȱline.ȱ
ISOȱ8062Ȭ3ȱstandardȱasksȱtoȱnoticeȱtheȱdimensionsȱoverȱpartingȱline,ȱbutȱdoesȱnotȱgiveȱpreciseȱrulesȱhow.ȱ

Tableȱ1. NADCAȱdimensionalȱtolerances,ȱdimensionsȱinȱoneȱdieȱhalfȱ
Standardȱ Aluminumȱ Magnesiumȱ Zincȱ Copperȱ

Normalȱ +/Ȭȱ0,25ȱmmȱperȱ25ȱmmȱ+ȱadditionalȱ+/Ȭȱȱ0,025ȱmmȱ +/Ȭȱ0,36ȱmmȱperȱ25ȱmmȱ+ȱaddiȬ

perȱeachȱfullȱ25ȱmmȱ tionalȱ+/Ȭȱȱ0,076ȱmmȱperȱeachȱfullȱ
25ȱmmȱȱ

Precisionȱȱ +/Ȭȱ0,05ȱmmȱperȱ25ȱmmȱ+ȱadditionalȱ+/Ȭȱȱ0,025ȱmmȱ +/Ȭȱ0,18ȱmmȱperȱ25ȱmmȱ+ȱaddiȬ

perȱeachȱfullȱ25ȱmmȱ tionalȱ+/Ȭȱȱ0,05ȱmmȱperȱeachȱfullȱ
25ȱmmȱ

Tableȱ2. ISOȱ8062Ȭ3:2007ȱdimensionalȱtolerancesȱ
Largestȱoverallȱdimensioȱ Aluminumȱ Magnesiumȱ Zincȱ Copperȱ

dȱ50ȱmmȱ DCTGȱ6:ȱȱ DCTGȱ3ȱ–ȱ6ȱ DCTGȱ6ȱ–ȱ8ȱ

>ȱ50ȱmmȱdȱ180ȱmmȱ DCTGȱ7ȱ

>ȱ180ȱmmȱdȱ500ȱmmȱ DCTGȱ8ȱ

>ȱ500ȱmmȱ DCTGȱ9ȱ

Tableȱ3. NADCAȱdimensionalȱtolerances,ȱdimensionȱoverȱpartingȱline;ȱnormalȱ(andȱprecision)ȱtolerancesȱ
Projectedȱareaȱofȱ Zincȱ Aluminumȱ Magnesiumȱ Copperȱ
theȱcastingȱ

65ȱcm2ȱ +0,114ȱmmȱ +0,14ȱmmȱ +0,14ȱmmȱ +0,20ȱmmȱ

(+0,076)ȱmmȱȱ (0,089)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,089)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,20)ȱmmȱȱ

65ȱ–ȱ130ȱcm2ȱ +0,13ȱmmȱ +0,165ȱmmȱ +0,165ȱmmȱ +0,23ȱmmȱ

(+0,089)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,102)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,102)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,23)ȱmmȱȱ

130ȱ–ȱ325ȱcm2ȱ +0,15ȱmmȱ +0,19ȱmmȱ +0,19ȱmmȱ +0,25ȱmmȱ

(+0,102)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,153)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,153)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,25)ȱmmȱȱ

325ȱ–ȱ650ȱcm2ȱ +0,23ȱmmȱ +0,30ȱmmȱ +0,30ȱmmȱ Ȭȱ

(+0,153)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,203)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,203)ȱmmȱȱ

650ȱ–ȱ1300ȱcm2ȱ +0,30ȱmmȱ +0,46ȱmmȱ +0,46ȱmmȱ Ȭȱ

(+0,203)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,305)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,305)ȱmmȱȱ

1300ȱ–ȱ1950ȱcm2ȱ +0,46ȱmmȱ +0,61ȱmmȱ +0,61ȱmmȱ Ȭȱ

(+0,305)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,406)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,406)ȱmmȱȱ

CastingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱȬȱ8ȱ
 CAEȱDSȱ–ȱHighȱPressureȱDieȱCastingȱDesignȱ

Tableȱ4. NADCAȱdimensionalȱtolerances,ȱdimensionȱtowardsȱaȱmovingȱcore;ȱnormalȱ(andȱprecision)ȱtolerancesȱ
Projectedȱareaȱofȱ Zincȱ Aluminumȱ Magnesiumȱ Copperȱ
theȱcastingȱ

65ȱcm2ȱ +0,15ȱmmȱ +0,20ȱmmȱ +0,20ȱmmȱ +0,12ȱmmȱ

(+0,127)ȱmmȱȱ (0,152)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,127)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,254)ȱmmȱȱ

65ȱ–ȱ130ȱcm2ȱ +0,23ȱmmȱ +0,33ȱmmȱ +0,33ȱmmȱ Ȭȱ

(+0,178)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,254)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,178)ȱmmȱȱ

130ȱ–ȱ325ȱcm2ȱ +0,33ȱmmȱ +0,48ȱmmȱ +0,48ȱmmȱ Ȭȱȱ

(+0,254)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,356)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,254)ȱmmȱȱ

325ȱ–ȱ650ȱcm2ȱ +0,48ȱmmȱ +0,61ȱmmȱ +0,61ȱmmȱ Ȭȱ

(+0,356)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,457)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,356)ȱmmȱȱ

650ȱ–ȱ1300ȱcm2ȱ +0,66ȱmmȱ +0,81ȱmmȱ +0,81ȱmmȱ Ȭȱ

(+0,483)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,61)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,483)ȱmmȱȱ

1300ȱ–ȱ1950ȱcm2ȱ +0,81ȱmmȱ +0,1ȱmmȱ +0,1ȱmmȱ Ȭȱ

(+0,61)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,762)ȱmmȱȱ (+0,61)ȱmmȱȱ

Geometricalȱtolerancesȱ
Geometricalȱtolerancesȱincludeȱstraightness,ȱflatness,ȱcombinedȱroundness,ȱparallelism,ȱperpendicularityȱ
andȱsymmetryȱtolerance,ȱconcentricity,ȱpartingȱlineȱshiftȱandȱflatnessȱtolerance.ȱ

Tableȱ5. ISOȱ8062Ȭ3ȱstraightnessȱtoleranceȱ
Rawȱcastingȱbasicȱ GeometricalȱcastingȱtoleranceȱgradeȱGCTGȱforȱstraightnessȱ
dimensionȱ(mm)ȱ

Fromȱ Toȱ 2:ȱOnlyȱbyȱspecialȱ 3:ȱCommonȱcastingsȱ 4:ȱComplexȱcastingsȱ

agreementȱ withoutȱbackȱdraftȱ andȱcastingsȱwithȱ
featuresȱwithȱmovingȱ movingȱdieȱcompoȬ
dieȱcomponentsȱ nentsȱ

—ȱ 10ȱ 0,08ȱ 0,12ȱ 0,18ȱ

>ȱ10ȱ 30ȱ 0,12ȱ 0,18ȱ 0,27ȱ

>ȱ30ȱ 100ȱ 0,18ȱ 0,27ȱ 0,4ȱ

>ȱ100ȱ 300ȱ 0,27ȱ 0,4ȱ 0,6ȱ

>ȱ300ȱ 1000ȱ 0,4ȱ 0,6ȱ 0,9ȱ

CastingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱȬȱ9ȱ
 CAEȱDSȱ–ȱHighȱPressureȱDieȱCastingȱDesignȱ

Tableȱ6. ISOȱ8062Ȭ3ȱandȱNADCAȱflatnessȱtolerancesȱ
Rawȱcastingȱbasicȱ GeometricalȱcastingȱtoleranceȱgradeȱGCTGȱforȱflatnessȱ NADCAȱ
dimensionȱ(mm)ȱ castingȱ
toleranceȱ
Fromȱ Toȱ 2:ȱOnlyȱbyȱ 3:ȱCommonȱcastȬ 4:ȱComplexȱcastingsȱ forȱflatȬ
specialȱagreeȬ ingsȱwithoutȱbackȱ andȱcastingsȱwithȱ nessȱ
mentȱ draftȱfeaturesȱ movingȱdieȱcompoȬ
withȱmovingȱdieȱ nentsȱ
componentsȱ

—ȱ 10ȱ 0,12ȱ 0,18ȱ 0,27ȱ

Atȱtheȱfirstȱ75ȱmmȱ0,20ȱ
mmȱ+ȱ0,08ȱmmȱafterȱ
eachȱadditionalȱ25ȱ
>ȱ10ȱ 30ȱ 0,18ȱ 0,27ȱ 0,4ȱ

>ȱ30ȱ 100ȱ 0,27ȱ 0,4ȱ 0,6ȱ

>ȱ100ȱ 300ȱ 0,4ȱ 0,6ȱ 0,9ȱ

mm 2
>ȱ300ȱ 1000ȱ 0,6ȱ 0,9ȱ 1,4ȱ

Toleranceȱmmȱ
ȱ

Tableȱ7. NADCAȱpartingȱlineȱshiftȱtoleranceȱ
Projectedȱareaȱȱ Toleranceȱ

<ȱ325ȱcm2ȱ ±ȱ0,102ȱmmȱ

325ȱȬȱ650ȱcm2ȱ ±ȱ0,152ȱmmȱ

650ȱȬȱ1290ȱcm2ȱ ±ȱ0,203ȱmmȱ

1290ȱȬȱ1940ȱcm2ȱ ±ȱ0,279ȱmmȱ

1940ȱȬȱ3225ȱcm2ȱ ±ȱ0,406ȱmmȱ

3225ȱȬȱ5160ȱcm2ȱ ±ȱ0,508ȱmmȱ

5160ȱȬȱ7740ȱcm2ȱ ±ȱ0,635ȱmmȱ

ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ
2ȱCalculatedȱforȱtheȱlargestȱdimension,ȱforȱexampleȱdiameter,ȱmeasureȱfromȱcornerȱtoȱcornerȱinȱtheȱcaseȱofȱ
rectangularȱobjects,ȱetc.ȱ

CastingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱȬȱ10ȱ
 CAEȱDSȱ–ȱHighȱPressureȱDieȱCastingȱDesignȱ

Tableȱ8. ISOȱ8062Ȭ3:2007ȱcombinedȱtoleranceȱforȱroundness,ȱparallelism,ȱperpendicularityȱandȱsymmetryȱ
Rawȱcastingȱbasicȱ 2:ȱ Onlyȱ byȱ specialȱ 3:ȱ Commonȱ castingsȱ 4:ȱ Complexȱ castingsȱ
dimensionȱ(mm)ȱ agreementȱ withoutȱ backȱ draftȱ andȱ castingsȱ withȱ
featuresȱ withȱ movingȱ movingȱ dieȱ compoȬ
Fromȱ Toȱ dieȱcomponentsȱ nentsȱ

—ȱ 10ȱ 0,18ȱ 0,27ȱ 0,4ȱ

>ȱ10ȱ 30ȱ 0,27ȱ 0,4ȱ 0,6ȱ

>ȱ30ȱ 100ȱ 0,4ȱ 0,6ȱ 0,9ȱ

>ȱ100ȱ 300ȱ 0,6ȱ 0,9ȱ 1,4ȱ

>ȱ300ȱ 1000ȱ 0,9ȱ 1,4ȱ 2ȱ

Toleranceȱmmȱ
ȱ

Tableȱ9. NADCAȱangularȱtoleranceȱ(combinedȱflatness,ȱparallelismȱandȱperpendicularityȱtolerance)ȱ
Standardȱ Bothȱsurfacesȱinȱ Surfacesȱacrossȱ Bothȱsurfacesȱinȱtheȱ Surfacesȱacrossȱtheȱ
theȱsameȱdieȱ theȱpartingȱlineȱorȱ sameȱdieȱhalf,ȱtheȱ partingȱlineȱorȱtheȱ
halfȱ theȱotherȱsurfaceȱ otherȱsurfaceȱisȱaȱ otherȱsurfaceȱpartȬ
partingȱsurfaceȱ movingȱcoreȱsurfaceȱ ingȱsurface,ȱ
toleranceȱtowardsȱaȱ
movingȱcoreȱsurȬ
faceȱ

Normalȱ 0,13ȱmmȱperȱ75ȱ 0,20ȱmmȱperȱ75ȱ 0,20ȱmmȱperȱ75ȱmmȱ 0,28ȱmmȱperȱ75ȱmmȱ

mmȱ+ȱ0,025ȱmmȱ mmȱ+ȱ0,038ȱmmȱ +ȱ0,038ȱmmȱperȱeachȱ +ȱ0,076ȱmmȱperȱeachȱ
ȱ
perȱeachȱaddiȬ perȱeachȱaddiȬ additionalȱ25ȱmmȱ additionalȱ25ȱmmȱ
ȱ tionalȱ25ȱmmȱ tionalȱ25ȱmmȱ

Precisionȱ 0,08ȱmmȱperȱ75ȱ 0,13ȱmmȱperȱ75ȱ 0,13ȱmmȱperȱ75ȱmmȱ 0,20ȱmmȱperȱ75ȱmmȱ

mmȱ+ȱ0,025ȱmmȱ mmȱ+ȱ0,025ȱmmȱ +ȱ0,025ȱmmȱperȱeachȱ +ȱ0,05ȱmmȱperȱeachȱ
ȱ
perȱeachȱaddiȬ perȱeachȱaddiȬ additionalȱ25ȱmmȱ additionalȱ25ȱmmȱ
ȱ tionalȱ25ȱmmȱ tionalȱ25ȱmmȱ

CastingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱȬȱ11ȱ
 CAEȱDSȱ–ȱHighȱPressureȱDieȱCastingȱDesignȱ

Tableȱ10. ISOȱ8062Ȭ3:2007ȱcocentricityȱtolerancesȱ
Rawȱcastingȱbasicȱ 2:ȱOnlyȱbyȱspecialȱ 3:ȱCommonȱcastingsȱ 4:ȱComplexȱcastingsȱ
dimensionȱ(mm)ȱ agreementȱ withoutȱbackȱdraftȱ andȱcastingsȱwithȱ
featuresȱwithȱmovȬ movingȱdieȱcompoȬ
Fromȱ Toȱ ingȱdieȱcomponentsȱ nentsȱ

—ȱ 10ȱ 0,27ȱ 0,4ȱ 0,6ȱ

>ȱ10ȱ 30ȱ 0,4ȱ 0,6ȱ 0,9ȱ

>ȱ30ȱ 100ȱ 0,6ȱ 0,9ȱ 1,4ȱ

>ȱ100ȱ 300ȱ 0,9ȱ 1,4ȱ 2ȱ

>ȱ300ȱ 1000ȱ 1,4ȱ 2ȱ 3ȱ

Toleranceȱmmȱ
ȱ

Tableȱ11. NADCAȱconcentricityȱtolerancesȱ
Projectedȱareaȱ Bothȱsurfacesȱinȱtheȱsameȱ Surfacesȱacrossȱtheȱ
dieȱhalfȱ partingȱline,ȱaddiȬ
tionalȱtoleranceȱ

<ȱ325ȱcm2ȱ 0,20ȱmmȱperȱ75ȱmmȱ+ȱ0,05ȱ 0,20ȱmmȱ

mmȱ toȱ eachȱ additionalȱ 25ȱ
325ȱ–ȱ650ȱcm2ȱ 0,30ȱmmȱ
mmȱ
650ȱ–ȱ1290ȱcm2ȱ ȱ 0,41ȱmmȱ

1290ȱȬȱ1940ȱcm2ȱ ȱ 0,56ȱmmȱ

CastingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱȬȱ12ȱ
 CAEȱDSȱ–ȱHighȱPressureȱDieȱCastingȱDesignȱ

Annexȱ1:ȱISOȱ8062:2007ȱDimensionalȱcastingȱtoleranceȱgradesȱ(DCTG)ȱ
Theȱtableȱpresentsȱtheȱgradesȱandȱdimensionȱintervals,ȱwhichȱareȱworkableȱforȱhighȱpressureȱdieȱcastings.ȱ

Rawȱcastingȱbasicȱ DimensionalȱcastingȱtoleranceȱgradeȱDCTGȱ
dimensionȱ(mm)ȱ

Fromȱ Toȱ 1ȱ 2ȱ 3ȱ 4ȱ 5ȱ 6ȱ 7ȱ 8ȱ 9ȱ 10ȱ

—ȱ 10ȱ ±0,09ȱ ±0,13ȱ ±0,18ȱ ±0,26ȱ ±0,36ȱ ±0,52ȱ ±0,74ȱ ±1ȱ ±1,5ȱ ±2ȱ

10ȱ 16ȱ ±0,1ȱ ±0,14ȱ ±0,2ȱ ±0,28ȱ ±0,38ȱ ±0,54ȱ ±0,78ȱ ±1,1ȱ ±1,6ȱ ±2,2ȱ

16ȱ 25ȱ ±0,11ȱ ±0,15ȱ ±0,22ȱ ±0,3ȱ ±0,42ȱ ±0,58ȱ ±0,82ȱ ±1,2ȱ ±1,7ȱ ±2,4ȱ

25ȱ 40ȱ ±0,12ȱ ±0,17ȱ ±0,24ȱ ±0,32ȱ ±0,46ȱ ±0,64ȱ ±0,9ȱ ±1,3ȱ ±1,8ȱ ±2,6ȱ

40ȱ 63ȱ ±0,13ȱ ±0,18ȱ ±0,26ȱ ±0,36ȱ ±0,5ȱ ±0,7ȱ ±1ȱ ±1,4ȱ ±2ȱ ±2,8ȱ

63ȱ 100ȱ ±0,14ȱ ±0,2ȱ ±0,28ȱ ±0,4ȱ ±0,56ȱ ±0,78ȱ ±1,1ȱ ±1,6ȱ ±2,2ȱ ±3,2ȱ

100ȱ 160ȱ ±0,15ȱ ±0,22ȱ ±0,3ȱ ±0,44ȱ ±0,62ȱ ±0,88ȱ ±1,2ȱ ±1,8ȱ ±2,5ȱ ±3,6ȱ

160ȱ 250ȱ —ȱ ±0,24ȱ ±0,34ȱ ±0,5ȱ ±0,7ȱ ±1ȱ ±1,4ȱ ±2ȱ ±2,8ȱ ±4ȱ

250ȱ 400ȱ —ȱ —ȱ ±0,4ȱ ±0,56ȱ ±0,78ȱ ±1,1ȱ ±1,6ȱ ±2,2ȱ ±3,2ȱ ±4,4ȱ

400ȱ 630ȱ —ȱ —ȱ —ȱ ±0,64ȱ ±0,9ȱ ±1,2ȱ ±1,8ȱ ±2,6ȱ ±3,6ȱ ±5ȱ

630ȱ 1ȱ000ȱ —ȱ —ȱ —ȱ —ȱ ±1ȱ ±1,4ȱ ±2ȱ ±2,8ȱ ±4ȱ ±6ȱ

1ȱ000ȱ 1ȱ600ȱ —ȱ —ȱ —ȱ —ȱ —ȱ ±1,6ȱ ±2,2ȱ ±3,2ȱ ±4,6ȱ ±7ȱ

Toleranceȱ±ȱmmȱ

CastingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱȬȱ13ȱ
 CAEȱDSȱ–ȱHighȱPressureȱDieȱCastingȱDesignȱ

Annexȱ2:ȱISOȱ8062:1994ȱCastingȱtoleranceȱgradesȱ(CTG)ȱ
TheȱtoleranceȱgradeȱisȱdescribedȱwithȱCT.ȱItȱvariesȱdependingȱonȱtheȱcastingȱmethodȱandȱalsoȱonȱusedȱmaterialȱandȱalloy.ȱNormalȱhighȱpressureȱdieȱcastingȱ
toleranceȱgradeȱisȱCTȱ5Ȭ7ȱforȱaluminiumȱandȱmagnesium,ȱCTȱ6Ȭ8ȱforȱcopperȱandȱCTȱ4Ȭ6ȱforȱzinc.ȱ

Rawȱcastingȱbasicȱ CastingȱtoleranceȱgradeȱCTGȱ
dimensionȱ(mm)ȱ

Fromȱ Toȱ 4ȱ 5ȱ 6ȱ 7ȱ 8ȱ 9ȱ 10ȱ 11ȱ 12ȱ 13ȱ 14ȱ

ȱ

Ȭȱ 10ȱ 0,26ȱ 0,36ȱ 0,52ȱ 0,75ȱ 1,00ȱ 1,5ȱ 2,0ȱ 2,8ȱ 4,2ȱ Ȭȱ Ȭȱ

10ȱ 16ȱ 0,28ȱ 0,38ȱ 0,54ȱ 0,78ȱ 1,10ȱ 1,6ȱ 2,2ȱ 3,0ȱ 4,4ȱ Ȭȱ Ȭȱ

16ȱ 25ȱ 0,30ȱ 0,42ȱ 0,58ȱ 0,82ȱ 1,20ȱ 1,7ȱ 2,4ȱ 3,2ȱ 4,6ȱ 6,0ȱ 8,0ȱ

25ȱ 40ȱ 0,32ȱ 0,46ȱ 0,64ȱ 0,90ȱ 1,30ȱ 1,8ȱ 2,6ȱ 3,6ȱ 5,0ȱ 7,0ȱ 9,0ȱ

40ȱ 63ȱ 0,36ȱ 0,50ȱ 0,70ȱ 1,00ȱ 1,40ȱ 2,0ȱ 2,8ȱ 4,0ȱ 5,6ȱ 8,0ȱ 10,0ȱ

63ȱ 100ȱ 0,40ȱ 0,56ȱ 0,78ȱ 1,10ȱ 1,60ȱ 2,2ȱ 3,2ȱ 4,4ȱ 6,0ȱ 9,0ȱ 11,0ȱ

100ȱ 160ȱ 0,44ȱ 0,62ȱ 0,88ȱ 1,20ȱ 1,80ȱ 2,5ȱ 3,6ȱ 5,0ȱ 7,0ȱ 10,0ȱ 12,0ȱ

160ȱ 250ȱ 0,50ȱ 0,70ȱ 1,00ȱ 1,40ȱ 2,00ȱ 2,8ȱ 4,0ȱ 5,6ȱ 8,0ȱ 11,0ȱ 14,0ȱ

250ȱ 400ȱ 0,56ȱ 0,78ȱ 1,10ȱ 1,60ȱ 2,20ȱ 3,2ȱ 4,4ȱ 6,2ȱ 9,0ȱ 12,0ȱ 16,0ȱ

400ȱ 630ȱ 0,64ȱ 0,90ȱ 1,20ȱ 1,80ȱ 2,60ȱ 3,6ȱ 5,0ȱ 7,0ȱ 10,0ȱ 14,0ȱ 18,0ȱ

630ȱ 1000ȱ Ȭȱ 1,00ȱ 1,40ȱ 2,00ȱ 2,80ȱ 4,0ȱ 6,0ȱ 8,0ȱ 11,0ȱ 16,0ȱ 20,0ȱ

1000ȱ 1600ȱ Ȭȱ Ȭȱ 1,6ȱ 2,2ȱ 3,0ȱ 4,6ȱ 7,0ȱ 9,0ȱ 13,0ȱ 18,0ȱ 23,0ȱ

Toleranceȱ±ȱmm

CastingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱȬȱ14ȱ
 CAEȱDSȱ–ȱHighȱPressureȱDieȱCastingȱDesignȱ

Referencesȱ
J.ȱCampbell,ȱCastings,ȱ2ndȱedition,ȱElsevier,ȱUK,ȱ2005ȱ
ISOȱ8062:ȱ1994ȱCastingsȱ–ȱSystemȱofȱdimensionalȱtolerancesȱandȱmachiningȱallowancesȱ
ENȱ ISOȱ 8062Ȭ3:2007ȱ Geometricalȱ Productȱ Specificationsȱ (GPS).ȱ Dimensionalȱ andȱ geometricalȱ tolerancesȱ
forȱmouldedȱparts.ȱPartȱ3:ȱGeneralȱdimensionalȱandȱgeometricalȱtolerancesȱandȱmachiningȱallowancesȱforȱ
castingsȱ
ProductȱDesignȱforȱDieȱCasting,ȱNADCA,ȱUSAȱ1998ȱ
ProductȱSpecificationȱStandardsȱforȱDieȱCastings,ȱNADCA,ȱUSA,ȱ2006ȱ

CastingȱdimensionalȱstabilityȱandȱtolerancesȱȬȱ15ȱ