TUGAS MANDIRI

MENENTUKAN TENSES DALAM SEBUAH ARTIKEL

MATA KULIAH : TOEFL

NAMA : FAUJI GABE.H . PANGANRIBUAN

NPM : 130210206
DOSEN :

UNIVERSITAS PUTERA BATAM

2016
 Visiting the Poor Families

March 26, 2011 was a day that is unforgettable for me. It was the day I joined
TMO (Training of Management of Organization) in Parung Panjang, Bogor. TMO is
one of IMM programs. The program of TMO is social activities or “BakSos” to visit
the poor families. The purpose is to know how the poor people live.

One day, we went to Parung Panjang by Tronton at 08.30 p.m.. Three hours
later, we finally arrived in Parung at 11.20 p.m.. We took a rest in village head’s
house. Next, we gathered in a circle to be ready before we visit the poor families. We
were divided into 8 groups. One man is for one house, and two girls are for one
house. Next, we went to visit the houses.

At last, I arrived at the poor people house. It was very simple, and the floor
was still land. During our staying in their house, I helped their work. For example, I
swept yard of their house, and I helped them to cook in a simple kitchen made of
bamboo as their wall. After that, I and my friend ate together with them on the mat.
At night, the house was very dark because the house was in the middle of forest.
Unfortunately, the electricity was off at 09.00 a.m. I was scared. The condition of
their house was really dark and there was no light at all. When the electricity was off,
I taught English lesson to their children by using a candle as a lamp. Their mother
was sleeping when we learned. After that, I slept at 10.30 a.m.. On Sunday morning, I
woke up at 04.30 a.m.. The electricity was still off, but they have started to cook. I
was confused to cook by firewood, but I was so happy there because it was awesome
experience for me. When I cooked, my friend was washing the dishes in the well that
was located in the middle of field. I didn’t take a bath because I was not usually
accustomed to taking bath in public well. After I and my friend finished the breakfast,
we prepared to go back to village head’s house.

Then we arrived in village’s house. All of us got on Tronton at 06.00 p.m..

We arrived in the campus. Then I went back to home by motorcycle with my father. I
arrived at my house at 07.30 p.m. That’s the experience I will never forget.

2
Artikel diatas mengandung 2 Bentuk tenses :

1. Simple Past Tense

2. Past Continuous Tense

A. Simple Past Tense

Pengertian Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja sederhana untuk
menunjukkan bahwa suatu kejadian terjadi di masa lampau. Pada simple past tense,
waktu kejadian (yesterday, last two days, last year) atau periode waktunya (for two
months, for a day, for an hour) dapat disebutkan secara spesifik. Simple past
tense juga dapat digunakan untuk membentuk conditional sentence tipe 2.

Rumus Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense dibentuk dari verb-2 (past tense) atau linking verb “be” (was,
were). Apa itu verb-2? Verb-2 merupakan bare infinitive (bentuk dasar verb)
dengan tambahan -ed, -en, -d, -t, -n, atau -ne untuk regular verb atau bentuk yang
tidak konsisten pada irregular verb. [Baca juga: Regular dan Irregular Verb]

Was yang merupakan singular verb digunakan pada singular

subject (seperti: I, she, he, it, Andi, dan the cat) kecuali “you”,
sebaliknya were yang merupakan plural verb digunakan padaplural
subject (seperti: you, they, we, Andi and Susi, dan the cats). [Baca juga: Subject-
Verb Agreement]

Berikut rumus simple past tense untuk kalimat positif, negatif, dan interogatif.

Jenis Kalimat Rumus Contoh Simple Past Tense

S + Verb-2 (past The teacher came

positif (+) tense)
S + be(was/were) I was a stamp collector

negatif (-) S + did + not + bare The teacher didn’t come

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 infinitive I wasn’t a stamp
S + be(was/were) + not collector

Did + S + bare Did the teacher come

interogatif (?) infinitive
be(was/were) + S Was I a stamp collector

B. Past Continuous Tenses

Pengertian Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense atau past progressive tense adalah suatu bentuk kata
kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi sedang terjadi pada
waktu tertentu di masa lampau. Aksi tersebut telah dimulai tapi belum selesai pada
saat itu.

Rumus Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense dibentuk dengan auxiliary verb “be”, berupa was/were –
karena past tense (masa lalu), dan present participle. Was untuk singular subject (I,
she, he, it, dan kata ganti orang ketiga) dan were untuk plural subject (you, they,
we, orang ketiga jamak).

Past continuous tense umumnya hanya terjadi pada aksi berupa dynamic verb,
tidak stative verb karena secara umum hanya dynamic verb yang memiliki
bentukcontinuous [Baca: Stative Verb dengan Bentuk Progressive].

Dengan demikian rumus past continuous tense untuk kalimat positif, negatif,
dan interogatif adalah sebagai berikut.

Contoh Past Continuous

Jenis Kalimat Rumus
Tense

The team was running

S + be(was/were) +
positif (+) V1-ing/present participle The workers were

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 queuing

The team was not

running
S + be(was/were) +
not + V1-ing/present The workers weren’t
negatif (-) participle queuing

Was the team running

interogatif(? be(was/were) + S + Were the workers

) V1-ing/present participle? queuing