WORLD CENTRE FOR MATERIALS JOINING TECHNOLOGY

Penetrant Testing
Coursework 3

Enter all answers on the answer sheet

1. A linear indication is observed in a casting at a change in section between thin and

thin material. What is the most probable cause for this bleed out?

A. cold shut
B. shrink cracks
C. porosity
D. hot tear
E. both B and D are correct
F. both A and B are correct

2. The simple test blocks, which maybe used to compare two different penetrants are made
from which of the following material

A. stainless steel
B. aluminium
C. titanium
D. copper

3. Which of the following would be classed as in service fault?

A. shrinkage crack
B. fatigue crack
C. grinding crack
D. all could be service crack

4. A number of cutting tools were inspected with fluorescent penetrants and showed a number of
fine linear type indications running in all directions on the surface of the carbide tips. What is
the probable cause of these indications ?

A. lack of bond between tip and tool

B. cold shuts
C. grinding cracks
D. shrinkage crack

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5. What would be the recommended procedure if following development the background

colorations is excessive:

A. completely re-test the surface using different method

B. wipe off the developer and re-apply more developer
C. consult the metallurgical analysts
D. completely re-test the surface using the initial process

6. Which of the following types of spectacles can be worn to aid contrast?

A. photochromatic
B. bifocal
C. sun glasses
D. sodium glass

7. BS EN 7773 covers what aspect of dye penetant inspection?

A. Penetrant inspection of aerospace material and components

B. Cleaning and preparation of metal surfaces
C. Glossary of terms
D. Code of practice for use of penetrants

8. Test pieces for penetrant inspection lines may be:

A. parts with known flaws

B. aluminium blocks that are heated, and then quenched in water to produce a network of
fine cracks
C. shot blasted steel plates
D. all of the above

9. Which of the following documents covers the cleaning and preparation of metal surfaces?

A. BS 6443
B. BS EN 7773
C. COSSH regulations
D. BS 6072

10. Below what wavelength is electromagnetic radiation considered to be dangerous?

A. 400 nm
B. 365 nm
C. 320 nm
D. 575 nm

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11. Which of the following faults is more likely to be found in a forged product?

A. lap
B. porosity
C. cold shut
D. shrinkage
E. both A and B

12. What temperature shall the water not exceed when removing excess penetrant?

A. 30 ° C
B. 40 ° C
C. 60 ° C
D. 50 ° C

13. The purpose of vapour degreasing is

A. To remove oils, greases and organic solids

B. To remove slag, rust and oxides
C. To remove paint and dust
D. To remove dye penetrant prior to development

14. Which of the following penetrant methods is best suited for the testing of large castings?

A. fluorescent post emulsifiable

B. visible solvent removeable
C. visible water washable
D. fluorescent solvent removeable

15. Penetrants with a high contact angle are considered to be

A. fluorescent penetrants
B. ideal penetrant for inspection
C. combined colour pnetrants
D. poor penetrant for inspection

16. Prior to viewing fluorescent penetrants in a darkened area the inspector shall allow how long
for their eyes to become accustomed to the dark

A. 15 mins
B. 5 mins
C. 10 mins

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D. 2 mins

17. What is the benefit of using a visible dye penetrant over a fluorescent penetrant?

A. It is easier to remove the excess background

B. Greater sensitivity is obtained
C. No special lighting is required
D. All the above are benefits

18. Which of the following is not a control check carried out upon a penetrant line system
(tanks)?
A. Fluorescence of developer
B. Fluorescence intensity of penetrant
C. Oven temperature
D. Developer adhesive

19. Wettability is a function of which of the following properties?

A. Surface tension
B. Viscosity
C. Contact angle
D. All of the above
E. A and C above

20. What shall be the minimum dwell time if not specified by the manufacture

A. 30 minutes
B. 20 minutes
C. 5 minutes
D. 10 minutes

21. The most common type of contaminant in a line (tank) system is:

A. metal fillings
B. oil
C. detergents ( from cleaning)
D. water

22. Test pieces for penetrant inspection lines station

A. Parts with known flaws

B. Aluminium blocks that are heated, and then quenched in water to produce a network of
fine cracks

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C. Shot blasted steels

D. All of the above

23. Which of the following discontinuities would be impossible to detect using the penetrant
method?

A. Forging laps
B. Grinding cracks
C. Non-metallic internal inclusions
D. Crater cracks

24. In a penetrant test, scattered round indications on the surface of a weld would be indicative
of:

A. fatigue cracks
B. surface porosity
C. weld lap
D. weld spatter

25. Which of the following documents covers the occupational exposure limits for substances
hazardous to health?

A. BS 6443
B. COSHH regulations
C. CP 3012
D. BS 6072

26. Which of the following is not a control check carried out upon a penetrant line system
(tanks)?

A. Fluorescence of developer
B. Fluorescence of penetrant
C. Penetrant remover efficency
D. Developer adhesion

27. How would the performance of old and new batches of penetrant chemicals be checked?

A. By use of a comparator block

B. By testing a number of samples with both old and new chemicals
C. By measuring the capillary pressure of two batches
D. By measuring the viscosity of the new batches

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28. The maximum level of ambient light allowed at the inspection area when using fluorescent
penetrant is:

A. 500 microwatts per square centimeter

B. 800 microwatts per square centimeter
C. 20 lux
D. 10 lux

29. When processing parts through an automated production line, which of the following would
be considered the best method of penetrant application?

A. dip and drain

B. automated brush
C. electrostatic spray
D. gravity fed spray

30. Which of the following is not a fabrication method of metals:

A. Casting
B. Heat treatment
C. Forging
D. Welding

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