TWI TRAINING & CERTIFICATION

Ultrasonic Inspection Coursework 1

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Note: You may need to read ahead in the notes to answer some of these questions.

1. An ultrasonic longitudinal wave travels in aluminium with a velocity of 635,000 cm/sec and has a
frequency of 2 megahertz. The wavelength of this ultrasonic wave is:

A. 6.35 feet
B. 1.33 mm
C C. 6.35 mm
D. 3.17 mm

2. The velocity of sound waves is primarily dependent on :

A. The pulse length

B. The frequency of the probe
C. The material in which the sound is being transmitted and the mode of vibration
D. None of the above

3. Angle beam transducers are used to:

A. Locate and evaluate discontinuities lying parallel to the surface of the test specimen
B. Locate and evaluate discontinuities that lie parallel to the sound beam
C. Detect discontinuities that are at 90 degrees to the sound beam
D. Detect discontinuities in immersion testing.

4. The process of comparing an instrument or device with a standard is called:

A. Angulation
B. Calibration
C. Attenuation
D Correlation

5. Another name for a compression wave is:

A. Lamb wave
B. Shear wave
C. Longitudinal wave
D. Transverse wave

6. A second name for Rayleigh waves is:

A. Shear waves
B. Longitudinal waves
C. Transverse waves
D. Surface waves

7. A material used between the face of a search unit and the test surface to permit or improve the
transmission of ultrasonic vibrations from the search unit to the material being tested is called:

A. A wetting agent
B. A couplant
C. An acoustic transmitter
D. A lubricant

8. The piezoelectric material in a probe, which vibrates to produce ultrasonic waves, is called:

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 A. A backing material
B. A lucite wedge
C. A transducer element or crystal
D. A couplant

9. Ultrasonic testing of a material where the probe is in direct contact with the material being tested is:

A. Compression wave testing

B. Surface wave testing
C. Angle beam testing
D. All of the above

10. An advantage of using lithium sulphate in search units is that

A. It is one of the most efficient generators of ultrasonic energy

B. It is one of the most efficient receivers of ultrasonic energy
C. It is soluble
D. It can withstand high temperatures

11. The probe shown in Figure 1 is used for

A. Surface wave testing

B. Angle beam testing
C. Immersion testing
D. Straight beam testing

Figure 1

12. Which of the following search units would contain the thinnest quartz crystal

A. A 1-megahertz search unit

B. A 5-megahertz search unit
C. A 15-megahertz search unit
D. A 25-megahertz search unit

13. Snells law is used to calculate

A. Refracted angles
B. Wavelength
C. Frequency
D. All of the above

14. Surface waves detect defects located

A. Close to or at the surface

B. 1 wavelength below the surface

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 C. 3 wavelengths below the surface
D. At radii

15. When an ultrasonic beam passes through the interface of two dissimilar metals with different
velocities at an angle other than 90 degrees, a new angle of sound travel takes place in the second
material due to:

A. Attenuation
B. Rarefaction
C. Compression
D Refraction

16. Figure 2 illustrates a contact test on an 80mm aluminium block, using a normal beam compression
probe and a calibrated range of 200mm. A discontinuity is located 60mm from the front surface
and the screen representation for this is shown below. What does indication A represent?

A. Initial pulse
B. First discontinuity indication
C. First back surface reflection
D. Mode conversion

A B C D E

Defect

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Screen calibrated to 100mm

Figure 2

17. What does indication B represent in Figure 2?

A. Front surface indication

B. First discontinuity indication
C. First back wall reflection
D. None of these

18. What does indication C represent in Figure 2?

A. Second back surface reflection

B. First discontinuity indication
C. Second discontinuity indication
D. First back wall reflection

19. What does indication D represent in Figure 2?

A. First discontinuity indication

B. Second indication of the discontinuity
C. First back surface reflection
D. Second back surface reflection

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20. What does indication E represent in Figure 2?

A. First discontinuity indication

B. Second discontinuity indication
C. First back wall reflection
D. Second back wall reflection

21 Most commercial ultrasonic testing is accomplished using frequencies between

A. 1 and 25 Kilohertz
B. 0.2 and 20 megahertz
C. 1 and 1,000 kilohertz
D. 15 and 100 megahertz

22. All other factors being equal, which of the following modes of vibration has the greatest velocity

A. Shear wave
B. Transverse wave
C. Surface wave
D. Longitudinal wave

23. Sound waves of a frequency beyond the hearing range of the human ear are referred to as
ultrasonic waves or vibrations and the term embraces all vibration waves of frequency greater than
approximately:

A. 20,000 hertz
B. 2 megahertz
C. 2 kilohertz
D. 200 kilohertz

24. In an A-scan presentation, the horizontal base line represents the:

A. Amount of reflected ultrasonic sound energy

B. Distance travelled by the search unit
C. Elapsed time or distance
D. none of the above

25. In an A-scan presentation, the amplitude of vertical indications on the screen represent

A. Amount of ultrasonic sound energy returning to the search unit

B. Distance travelled by the search unit
C. Thickness of material being treated
D. Elapsed time since the ultrasonic pulse was generated

TWI TRAINING & CERTIFICATION

Ultrasonic Inspection Coursework 1

Students Name:

Date:

TWI UT CW 1 Issue 0 4
Question No. Answer Question No. Answer
1 14

2
15
3
16
4
17
5
18
6
19
7
20
8
21
9
22
10
23
11
24
12
25
13

TWI TRAINING & CERTIFICATION

Ultrasonic Inspection Coursework 1

Students Name:

Date:

TWI UT CW 1 Issue 0 5
Question No. Answer Question No. Answer
1 D 14 A

2 C 15 D

3 C 16 A

4 B 17 B

5 C 18 D

6 D 19 B

7 B 20 D

8 C 21 B

9 D 22 D

10 B 23 A

11 B 24 C

12 D 25 A

13 A

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