Design of Roof (Pratt) truss

Design Data:-

Plan length of the building l = 10.13m

Plan depth of the building w = 5.72m
Height of the building excluding pitched roof h = 3.35m
Dead weight of AC sheets = 0.13KN/sqm
Dead weight of purlins,fixtures and false roofing system = 0.45KN/sqm
Span of the truss = 5.49m
Height of the truss = 1.00m
Spacing of trusses = 3.30m
Live load on pitched roof (For pitched roof having slope 20 0 ) = 0.55KN/sqm
Distance between the nodal points(purlin locations) on top rafter = 0.97m
Wind coefficients:-
k1 (risk coefficient assuming 50 years of design life) = 1.00
k2 (assuming terrain category 2) = 1.00
k3 = 1.0 (topography factor) 1.00
Basic wind speed Vb = 50.00m/sec
Internal wind pressure coefficient Cpi (Buildings with low permeability) = 0.20
Slope of the pitched roof in degrees = 20

Load Calculations:-

Dead Load of roof = 0.58KN/sqm

Dead load/m run on rafter = 1.914KN/m

Live Load = 0.55KN/sqm

Live load/m run on rafter = 1.815KN/m

Calculation of Wind Load:-

Assuming the building is situated in Vijayawada, the basic wind speed is = 50.00m/sec

Design wind speed, Vz = k1 k2 k3 Vb = 50.00m/sec

Design wind pressure, Pd = 0.6*Vz2 = 1.50KN/sqm

Wind Load on walls:-

The wind load, WL acting normal to the individual surfaces is given by

WL = (Cpe – Cpi ) A*Pd

Exposed area of the wall per frame normal to the wind direction, A = 11.06sqm

Assuming buildings with low degree of permeability,the internal pressure coefficient C pi = 0.20
For the proposed building, h/w = 0.585664

l/w = 1.770979

From table 4 of IS 875--Part-3:1985,the external wind pressure coefficients are as given below:-

Wind angle Cpe Cpi (Cpe-Cpi) Total wind load in KN

in degrees Windward Leeward Windward Leeward Windward Leeward
0.7 -0.3 0.20 0.5 -0.5 8.295 -8.295
0
0.7 -0.3 -0.20 0.9 -0.1 14.931 -1.659
-0.5 -0.5 0.20 -0.7 -0.7 -11.613 -11.613
90
-0.5 -0.5 -0.20 -0.3 -0.3 -4.977 -4.977

Wind Load on Roofs:-

Exposed area of each slope of roof, per frame is 9.64sqm

From table 5 of IS 875--Part-3:1985,the external wind pressure coefficients are as given below:-

Wind angle Cpe Cpi (Cpe-Cpi) Total wind load in KN

in degrees Windward Leeward Windward Leeward Windward Leeward
-0.7 -0.5 0.20 -0.9 -0.7 -13.014 -10.122
0
-0.7 -0.5 -0.20 -0.5 -0.3 -7.23 -4.338
-0.8 -0.6 0.20 -1 -0.8 -14.46 -11.568
90
-0.8 -0.6 -0.20 -0.6 -0.4 -8.676 -5.784

Concentrated loads on nodes :-

Dead load at intermediate node points = 1.75KN

(corresponding to purlin locations)

Superimposed load at intermediate node points = 1.66KN

(corresponding to purlin locations)

Wind load at intermediate node points on windward side = -2.41KN

Wind load at intermediate node points on leeward side = -1.45KN

Vertical component of wind load on windward side@ = -2.26KN

intermediate nodal points

Vertical component of wind load on leeward side@ = -1.36KN

intermediate nodal points

Vertical component of wind load @ at ridge = -1.81KN

Horizontal component of wind load on windward side@ = -0.82KN

intermediate nodal points

Horizontal component of wind load on leeward side@ = -0.50KN

intermediate nodal points

Horizontal component of wind load @ at ridge = -0.66KN

Load combinations :-

i) 1.5DL + 1.5LL

Vertical load windward = 5.12KN

Vertical load leeward = 5.12KN

Vertical load at ridge = 5.12KN

ii) 1.5DL + 1.5LL+1.05WL

Vertical load windward = 2.74KN

Vertical load leeward = 3.69KN

Vertical load at ridge = 3.22KN

Horizontal load windward = -0.82KN

Horizontal load leeward = -0.50KN

Horizontal load at ridge = -0.16KN (Windward side)

The results of analysis using STADD.Pro.2007 are as given below :-

 Design of Roof (Pratt) truss

Design Data:-

Plan length of the building l =

Plan depth of the building w =
Height of the building excluding pitched roof h =
Dead weight of AC sheets =
Dead weight of purlins,fixtures and false roofing system =
Span of the truss =
Height of the truss =
Spacing of trusses =
Live load on pitched roof (For pitched roof having slope 20 0 ) =
Distance between the nodal points(purlin locations) on top rafter =
Wind coefficients:-
k1 (risk coefficient assuming 50 years of design life) =
k2 (assuming terrain category 2) =
k3 = 1.0 (topography factor)
Basic wind speed Vb =
Internal wind pressure coefficient Cpi (Buildings with low permeability) =
Slope of the pitched roof in degrees =

Load Calculations:-

Dead Load of roof =

Dead load/m run on rafter =

Live Load =

Live load/m run on rafter =

Calculation of Wind Load:-

Assuming the building is situated in Vijayawada, the basic wind speed is =

Design wind speed, Vz = k1 k2 k3 Vb =

Design wind pressure, Pd = 0.6*Vz2 =

Wind Load on walls:-

The wind load, WL acting normal to the individual surfaces is given by

WL = (Cpe – Cpi ) A*Pd

Exposed area of the wall per frame normal to the wind direction, A =

Assuming buildings with low degree of permeability,the internal pressure coefficient C pi =

For the proposed building, h/w = 0.5856643357

l/w = 1.770979021

From table 4 of IS 875--Part-3:1985,the external wind pressure coefficients are as given below:-

Wind angle Cpe Cpi (Cpe-Cpi) Total wind load in KN

in degrees Windward Leeward Windward Leeward Windward
0.7 -0.3 0.20 0.5 -0.5 8.295
0
0.7 -0.3 -0.20 0.9 -0.1 14.931
-0.5 -0.5 0.20 -0.7 -0.7 -11.613
90
-0.5 -0.5 -0.20 -0.3 -0.3 -4.977

Wind Load on Roofs:-

Exposed area of each slope of roof, per frame is

From table 5 of IS 875--Part-3:1985,the external wind pressure coefficients are as given below:-

Wind angle Cpe Cpi (Cpe-Cpi) Total wind load in KN

in degrees Windward Leeward Windward Leeward Windward
-0.7 -0.5 0.20 -0.9 -0.7 -13.014
0
-0.7 -0.5 -0.20 -0.5 -0.3 -7.23
-0.8 -0.6 0.20 -1 -0.8 -14.46
90
-0.8 -0.6 -0.20 -0.6 -0.4 -8.676

Concentrated loads on nodes :-

Dead load at intermediate node points = 2.63KN

(corresponding to purlin locations)

Superimposed load at intermediate node points = 2.49KN

(corresponding to purlin locations)

Wind load at intermediate node points on windward side = -3.62KN

Wind load at intermediate node points on leeward side = -2.17KN

Vertical component of wind load on windward side@ = -3.40KN

intermediate nodal points

Vertical component of wind load on leeward side@ = -2.04KN

intermediate nodal points

Vertical component of wind load @ at ridge = -2.72KN

Horizontal component of wind load on windward side@ = -1.24KN

intermediate nodal points

Horizontal component of wind load on leeward side@ = -0.74KN

intermediate nodal points

Horizontal component of wind load @ at ridge = -0.99KN

Load combinations :-

i) 1.5DL + 1.5LL

Vertical load windward = 7.68KN

Vertical load leeward = 7.68KN

Vertical load at ridge = 7.68KN

ii) 1.5DL + 1.5LL+1.05WL

Vertical load windward = 4.11KN

Vertical load leeward = 5.54KN

Vertical load at ridge = 4.83KN

Horizontal load windward = -1.24KN

Horizontal load leeward = -0.74KN

Horizontal load at ridge = -0.25KN

The results of analysis using STADD.Pro.2007 are as given below :-

SECTION OF THE TRUSS

1.49
7
[4'-10 1/2"]
1.49
9 10 1.00
[4'-10 1/2"]
[3'-3 1/4"]

1 2 3 4 5
1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40
[4'-7"] [4'-7 1/4"] [4'-7"] [4'-7"]

Member Location Force(Case-II) Nature of force

in KN

1--9 Top chord 26.40 Tension

9--7 Top chord 18.00 Tension
7--10 Top chord 17.70 Tension
10--5 Top chord 27.90 Tension
1--2 Bottom chord 1.09 Tension
2--3 Bottom chord 1.11 Tension
3--4 Bottom chord 1.08 Compression
4--5 Bottom chord 1.12 Compression
9--2 Verticals 0.52 Compression
7--3 Verticals 6.49 Compression
10--4 Verticals 0.50 Compression
9--3 Diagonals 7.09 Tension
10--3 Diagonals 9.41 Tension
 10.13m
5.72m
3.35m
0.13KN/sqm
0.45KN/sqm
5.49m
1.00m
3.30m
0.55KN/sqm 25.6266 61.91875 1586.767
1.46m

1.00
1.00 212.4306
1.00
50.00m/sec
0.20
20

24.5 58.25 158.5694

8.75 58.3 56.68056
215.25

0.58KN/sqm
33.25 58.25 215.2014
1.914KN/m

0.55KN/sqm
1258.63
1.815KN/m 147.2229
41.8681
36.7836

50.00m/sec

50.00m/sec

1.50KN/sqm

11.06sqm

0.20
Total wind load in KN
Leeward
-8.295
-1.659
-11.613
-4.977

9.64sqm

Total wind load in KN

Leeward
-10.122
-4.338
-11.568
-5.784
 (Windward side)

4"]
 Design of Roof truss

Design Data:-

Plan length of the building l =

Plan depth of the building w =
Height of the building excluding pitched roof h =
Dead weight of AC sheets =
Dead weight of purlins,fixtures and false roofing system =
Span of the truss =
Height of the truss =
Spacing of trusses =
Live load on pitched roof (For pitched roof having slope 14 0 ) =
Distance between the nodal points(purlin locations) on top rafter =
Wind coefficients:-
k1 (risk coefficient assuming 50 years of design life) =
k2 (assuming terrain category 2) =
k3 = 1.0 (topography factor)
Basic wind speed Vb =
Internal wind pressure coefficient Cpi (Buildings with low permeability) =
Slope of the pitched roof in degrees =

Load Calculations:-

Dead Load of roof =

Dead load/m run on rafter =

Live Load =

Live load/m run on rafter =

Calculation of Wind Load:-

Assuming the building is situated in Vijayawada, the basic wind speed is =

Design wind speed, Vz = k1 k2 k3 Vb =

Design wind pressure, Pd = 0.6*Vz2 =

Wind Load on walls:-

The wind load, WL acting normal to the individual surfaces is given by

WL = (Cpe – Cpi ) A*Pd

Exposed area of the wall per frame normal to the wind direction, A =

Assuming buildings with low degree of permeability,the internal pressure coefficient C pi =

For the proposed building, h/w = 0.3333333333

l/w = 1.3333333333

From table 4 of IS 875--Part-3:1985,the external wind pressure coefficients are as given below:-

Wind angle Cpe Cpi (Cpe-Cpi) Total wind load in KN

in degrees Windward Leeward Windward Leeward Windward
-1.2 -0.4 0.20 -1.4 -0.6 -14.63616
0
-1.2 -0.4 -0.20 -1 -0.2 -10.4544
-0.8 -0.6 0.20 -1 -0.8 -10.4544
90
-0.8 -0.6 -0.20 -0.6 -0.4 -6.27264

Wind Load on Roofs:-

Exposed area of each slope of roof, per frame is

From table 5 of IS 875--Part-3:1985,the external wind pressure coefficients are as given below:-

Wind angle Cpe Cpi (Cpe-Cpi) Total wind load in KN

in degrees Windward Leeward Windward Leeward Windward
-1.2 -0.4 0.20 -1.4 -0.6 -22.39332
0
-1.2 -0.4 -0.20 -1 -0.2 -15.99523
-0.8 -0.6 0.20 -1 -0.8 -15.99523
90
-0.8 -0.6 -0.20 -0.6 -0.4 -9.597139

Concentrated loads on nodes :-

Dead load at intermediate node points = 1.57KN

(corresponding to purlin locations)

Superimposed load at intermediate node points = 1.81KN

(corresponding to purlin locations)

Wind load at intermediate node points on windward side = -4.48KN

Wind load at intermediate node points on leeward side = -2.56KN

Vertical component of wind load on windward side@ = -4.39KN

intermediate nodal points

Vertical component of wind load on leeward side@ = -2.51KN

intermediate nodal points

Vertical component of wind load @ at ridge = -3.45KN

Horizontal component of wind load on windward side@ = -0.88KN

intermediate nodal points

Horizontal component of wind load on leeward side@ = -0.50KN

intermediate nodal points

Horizontal component of wind load @ at ridge = -0.69KN

Load combinations :-

i) 1.5DL + 1.5LL

Vertical load windward = 5.07KN

Vertical load leeward = 5.07KN

Vertical load at ridge = 5.07KN

ii) 1.5DL + 1.5LL+1.05WL

Vertical load windward = 0.46KN

Vertical load leeward = 2.43KN

Vertical load at ridge = 1.45KN

Horizontal load windward = -0.88KN

Horizontal load leeward = -0.50KN

Horizontal load at ridge = -0.19KN

The results of analysis using STADD.Pro.2007 are as given below :-

Member Location Force(Case-II) Nature of force
in KN

1--9 Top chord 26.40 Tension

9--7 Top chord 18.00 Tension
7--10 Top chord 17.70 Tension
10--5 Top chord 27.90 Tension
1--2 Bottom chord 1.09 Tension
2--3 Bottom chord 1.11 Tension
3--4 Bottom chord 1.08 Compression
4--5 Bottom chord 1.12 Compression
9--2 Verticals 0.52 Compression
7--3 Verticals 6.49 Compression
10--4 Verticals 0.50 Compression
9--3 Diagonals 7.09 Tension
10--3 Diagonals 9.41 Tension
 12.00m
9.00m
3.00m
0.13KN/sqm
0.45KN/sqm
9.00m
0.90m
3.00m
0.67KN/sqm 25.6266 61.91875 1586.767
0.60m

1.00
1.00 212.4306
1.00
44.00m/sec
0.20
11

24.5 58.25 158.5694

8.75 58.3 56.68056
215.25

0.58KN/sqm
33.25 58.25 215.2014
1.740KN/m

0.67KN/sqm
1258.63
2.010KN/m 147.2229
41.8681
36.7836

44.00m/sec

44.00m/sec

1.16KN/sqm

9.00sqm

0.20
Total wind load in KN
Leeward
-6.27264
-2.09088
-8.36352
-4.18176

13.77sqm

Total wind load in KN

Leeward
-9.5971392
-3.1990464
-12.7961856
-6.3980928
 2.535

(Windward side)