THERMODYNAMICS

Lectures Notes
(4)
Dr. Mohamed Elhelw
 IDEAL GASES

An ideal or perfect gas consist of very small, hard and

round spheres that have negligible volume and do not
exert forces on one another except upon collision. This is
almost true for gases at low densities which means low
pressure and high temperature.
 EQUATION OF STATE FOR IDEAL GASES

•From Boyle's law

( at constant T)

•From charle's law

( at constant P)

Then Pv = RT
 is the universal gas constant

The exact values for air

Mair = 28.97 kg/kgmole , Rair = 0.287 kJ/kg.K

PV= mRT
 SPECIFIC HEATS OF IDEAL GASES

Specific Heat is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of

a unit mass of the substance 1 degree.

Specific Heat at const Volume ( cv ) is the amount of energy required to

raise the temperature of a unit mass of the substance 1 degree when the
volume remains constant.

Specific Heat at const Pressure ( cp ) is the amount of energy required to

raise the temperature of a unit mass of the substance 1 degree when the
pressure remains constant.
For air at 1 atm and 0 oC
Cp = 1.005 kJ/kg. K Cv = 0.718 kJ/kg. K γ = 1.4

Since h = u + Pv

Cp = Cv + R