R1GID SOLUTIONS

Review School for Master Plumbing

Unit 601, Don Lorenzo Building, 889 P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila

WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

WATER TREATMENT PROCESS

WATER – is a combination of two chemical element called

Hydrogen and Oxygen, appears in natural state as liquid,
solid (ice) or gas (water vapor).

THREE SOURCES OF WATER

1. Rain Water
2. Surface Water
3. Underground Water

COMMON IMPURITIES IN WATER

1. Entrained Gases
2. Dissolved Minerals
3. Suspended and Colloidal Materials
4. Radioactive Materials

QUALITIES

1. Aeration – water is released into the air to release any

trapped gasses and absorb additional oxygen for
better taste.
2. Coagulation / Flocculation – process by which small
sediment particles which do not settle well combine
together to form larger particles which can be removed
by sedimentation.
a. Coagulation – chemical process in which the
coagulant reacts with the sediments to make it
capable of combining into larger particles
b. Flocculation – the physical process in which
the sediment particles collie with each other
and stick together.
3. Sedimentation – physical process in which
suspended solids are removed from the water by
gravity settling and deposition.
WATER CYCLE 4. Filtration – passage of fluid through a porous medium
suspended matter which did not settle by gravity,
commonly using filter bed consisting of granular non-
porous material held on place by gravity of direction of
flow.
5. Disinfection / Chlorination – most important process
used in production of water of a safe and sanitary
quality. Chlorination is the method of introducing a
controlled amount of water in order to attain a desired
degree of disinfection.

After the process, water is stored in a reservoir, then to the

transmission mains, then to the, distribution lines, down to
the service connections and lastly to the end users.

PUBLIC WATER DISTIRBUTION

1. Direct Pressure Distribution – obtains its supply of

water though a large intake pipe, installed in the lake

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 R1GID SOLUTIONS
Review School for Master Plumbing
Unit 601, Don Lorenzo Building, 889 P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila

basin extended down the water. Water is drawn from PIPING MATERIAL
the lake, to a receiving reservoir by force of gravity,
then to a water treatment plant and then pumped into
the water main with sufficient pressure. Fresh Water Fire Service Salt
Pipe
Water
Cold Hot Fresh Salt
2. Indirect Pressure Distribution – a pump is employed
and mounted on top of the standpipe extended down Copper     
the well below the water table.
Black
    
Iron
BUILDING WATER DISTRIBUTION Galvanized
    
Iron
1. Normal Pressure from Water Main – commonly used PVC     
on single detached houses requiring less demand and
solely using on the available pressure from the water
PB     
main.

2. Air Pressured Water Distribution – compressed air PE     

is used as the delivery agent.
cPVC     
Segment Abbreviation
Cistern Tank CT uPVC     
Pump P
PE-x     
Storage Tank ST
Air Compressor AC Stainless
    
Steel
Riser R
Branches B
SAMPLE PROBLEMS

3. Overhead Feed System – water is pumped to a large 1. Which of the following testing method most recommended for
water supply piping system?
tank on top of the building and distributed to the a. Air-pressure Test b. Water Pressure Test
different plumbing fixtures by gravity. c. Hydrostatic Test d. Smoke Test

Segment Abbreviation 2. What do you call the force required to move the water inside
Cistern Tank CT the pipe?
a. Force b. Load
Pump P c. Pressure d. Weight
Riser R
3. Resistance produced of flowing water with the fittings and
Elevated Water Tank EWT interior surface of the pipe.
Down Feed DF a. Friction b. Gap
c. Water-hammer d. Break
Branches B
4. Pressure required to test water supply system.
a. 100% of used water pressure
MAJOR SEGMENTS b. 150% of used water pressure
c. 200% of used water pressure
d. 250% of used water pressure
Segment Abbreviation
Fixture Supply Pipe FS 5. Sizes of risers and horizontal branches is basically based on.
a. Brand of fixtures b. Total fixture units
Fixture Branch Pipe FB c. Type of building d. Number of bathrooms
Water-Distributing Pipe WD
6. Minimum time duration in conducting water supply system test.
Building Supply Pipe BS a. 15 minutes b. 30 minutes
c. 45 minutes d. 60 minutes

7. Connection or arrangement, physical or otherwise, between a

potable water supply system and any plumbing element which
enables non-potable substance to enter into any part of the
potable system.
a. Pollution b. Cross-connection
c. Flashing d. Contamination

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 R1GID SOLUTIONS
Review School for Master Plumbing
Unit 601, Don Lorenzo Building, 889 P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila

8. Minimum water pressure before the system is considered with d. Loop vent
inadequate water pressure.
a. 103 kPa, 15 psi 18. The bottom of the water pipe, at all points, shall be at least __
b. 138 kPa, 20 psi above the top of the sewer or drain line.
c. 172 kPa, 25 psi a. 0.20 m
d. 207 kPa, 30 psi b. 0.30 m
c. 0.40 m
9. Maximum water pressure before the system is considered with d. 0.50 m
excessive water pressure.
a. 517 kPa, 75 psi 19. In design of water piping system especially when the water
b. 552 kPa, 80 psi pressure is fluctuating, the consideration is based on the __.
c. 586 kPa, 85 psi a. Maximum water pressure available
d. 621 kPa, 90 psi b. Minimum water pressure available
c. Average water pressure available
10. Pressure relief valve shall be set at a pressure of not more d. Common water pressure available
than.
a. 931 kPa, 135 psi 20. Minimum diameter for water supply pipe of a shower.
b. 965 kPa, 140 psi a. 13 mm, 0.50 in
c. 1000 kPa, 145 psi b. 25 mm, 1.0 in
d. 1033 kPa, 150 psi c. 38 mm, 1.50 in
d. 50 mm, 2.0 in
11. Which of the following can minimize the effect of friction in
water supply and distribution system? 21. A type of valve primarily used to completely close or open the
line but not necessarily to control the flow of water.
I. Water pipes should be installed straight and direct a. Globe valve
II. Minimize use of turns, offset and traps b. Gate valve
III. Use pipes with plain and smooth surface c. Check valve
IV. Minimize use of fittings, stops and other devices d. Butterfly valve
V. All fittings and joints must be connected properly.
22. Where do you install a float valve or ball cock?
a. I b. II, IV & V a. Cistern tank
c. I & III d. all b. Water closet
c. Gravity tank
12. All water supply pipe embedded on ground should be ___ d. Bath tub
below the finish ground level.
a. 0.20 m 23. A hose bib is a kind of faucet with __, commonly installed
b. 0.30 m outside the house.
c. 0.40 m a. Flange end
d. 0.50 m b. Outside thread
c. Inside thread
13. Compute the total water supply fixture unit for a residential d. Flange opening
dwelling with 1 kitchen sink, 2 lavatory, 1 water closet w/ flush
tank, 1 shower head and 1 bidet. 24. Edge of a receptacle from which water overflows.
a. 8 a. Overflow rim
b. 9 b. Flood level edge
c. 10 c. Spill level
d. 11 d. Flood level rim

14. Common types of pump used on water distribution system. 25. Which of the following is not recommended for use in water
a. Gear pump supply system application?
b. Reciprocating pump a. Plastic pipe
c. Centrifugal pump b. Concrete pipe
d. Piston pump c. Brass pipe
d. Galvanized steel pipe
15. Which device when installed in the water supply system
prevents water hammer 26. Which of the following valves has the highest frictional
a. Air chamber coefficient?
b. Water hammer arrester a. Globe valve
c. Vacuum breaker b. Gate valve
d. All of these c. Check valve
d. Butterfly valve
16. Swimming pool is considered a/an.
a. Accessories 27. To boost the water pressure on hot water system, use.
b. Fixture a. Elevated water tank b. Circulating tank
c. Sanitary ware c. Gravity tank d. Cistern tank
d. Facility
28. Quality of water that affects laundry and food preparation.
17. Type of vent used on elevated water tank. a. Hardness b. Turbidity
a. Circuit vent c. Pollution d. Acidity
b. Unit vent
c. Return-bend vent

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 R1GID SOLUTIONS
Review School for Master Plumbing
Unit 601, Don Lorenzo Building, 889 P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila

29. Maximum lead content allowed in pipe used to convey c. Roughing-in d. Pre-setting
potable water.
a. 4% b. 8% 43. Property of galvanized steel pipe to undergo deformation
c. 6% d. 10% during production?
a. Hardness b. Brittleness
30. Underground soil formation that contains sufficient saturated c. Ductility d. Malleability
permeable material that yield significant quantities of water.
a. Shale b. Aquifer 44. Fitting used to water supply piping?
c. Sandstone d. Clay a. Street elbow b. Wye combination
c. Upright wye branch d. Sanitary tee
31. Commercial length of Galvanized Iron Pipe.
a. 3 m b. 4 m 45. A kind of pipe that used in water supply system that consist of
c. 5 m d. 6 m 85% copper and 15% zinc.
a. Aluminum b. Cast-iron
32. Loud thumping noise that results from a sudden stoppage of c. Bronze d. Brass
water flow.
a. Friction b. Water hammer 46. What characteristics best describes plastic pipes?
c. Acoustic d. Pressure a. Innate hardness
b. Low resistance to liquid flow
33. What is the correct order of valves or devices in a water c. Flexibility
service and building supply system? d. Resistance to chemicals and solvents
a. Gate valve, check valve, water meter
b. Water meter, check valve, gate valve 47. A prefabricated plumbing device used to connect or change
c. Gate valve, water meter, check valve direction of pipes?
d. Check valve, gate valve, water meter a. Fixture b. Appurtenance
c. Fitting d. Accessory
34. Popularly known as the inventor of modern flush toilet.
a. John F. Hass b. Charles Moncky 48. A plumbing fixture used in water supply piping that changes
c. John Harrington d. Jaime Cabase the direction of water flow and are internally threaded?
a. Street elbow b. Union
35. Valve in which the flow of liquid is controlled by a rotating c. Bushing d. Straight elbow
drilled ball that fits tightly against a resilient seat in the body.
a. Ball valve b. Butterfly valve 49. What tool is most recommended in removing and assembly
c. Angle valve d. Foot valve of lavatory fittings?
a. Monkey wrench b. Crescent wrench
36. Short length of pipe with external threads at each end used to c. Basin wrench d. Spud wrench
join couplings or fittings.
a. Union b. Valve 50. What kind of joint is used in copper piping?
c. Nipple d. Bushing a. Solvent cement b. Soldering
c. Heat fusion d. threaded joint
37. Minimum water pressure for a flush tank.
a. 55.16 kPa, 8 psi
b. 62.05 kPa, 9 psi
c. 68.95 kPa, 10 psi
d. 75.84 kPa, 11 psi

38. How does the safety mechanism of hot water system works?
a. electrically
b. mechanically
c. automatically
d. manually

39. What is a plastic tube, colored black with a cross-section

normally shaped oval and commonly used as water service
connection from water main to water meter.
a. Polybutylene pipe
b. Polyethylene pipe
c. UPVC pipe
d. PVC pipe

40. What is required for soft copper water piping?

a. Soldered joint b. Screwed joint
c. Flared joint d. Brazed joint

41. Plumbing pipes have the following details except:

a. Pipe diameter b. Manufacturer’s name
c. Pipe length d. Pipe schedule

42. What do you call the installation of parts of plumbing system

prior to installation of finishes and fixtures?
a. Mock-up installation b. Pre-installation

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