DEVELOPMENT OF DEFORMED BARS AND DEFORMED WIRE IN DEVELOPMENT OF DEFORMED BARS IN COMPRESSION

TENSION

A.)

B.)

DEVELOPMENT OF BUNDLED BARS

Where:
< 2.5

n – number of bars or wires being spliced or developed along the

plane of splitting
Ktr = 0 may be used for design simplification
ld shall not be less than 300 mm
Cb – smaller of (1) distance from center of bar to nearest concrete
surface and (2) one half of center to center spacing of bars

Factors:
1.) Where horizontal reinforcement is placed such that more than DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARD HOOKS IN TENSION
300 mm of fresh concrete is cast below the development length
or splice, Ψt = 1.3. For other situations, Ψt = 1.0.

2.) For epoxy-coated bars or wires with cover less than 3db or
clear spacing less than 6db, Ψ e = 1.5. For all other epoxy-coated
bars or wires, Ψe = 1.2. For uncoated and zinc-coated (galvanized)
reinforcement, Ψe= 1.0. However, the product Ψt Ψ e need not be
greater than 1.7

3.) For 20 mm bars and smaller deformed wires, Ψs = 0.80. For 25

mm diameter and larger bars Ψs = 1.0

4.) Where lightweight concrete is uses, λ shall not exceed 0.75

unless fct is specified. For normal weight concrete, λ = 1.0. For
sand-lightweight concrete, λ = 0.85. For all lightweight concrete, λ
= 0.75

Excess Reinforcement
 STANDARD HOOKS AND MINIMUM BEND DIAMETERS

SPLICING