CHE 302 __________________

LAST NAME, FIRST

Problem set #9
1) Water is the working fluid in a Carnot vapor power cycle. Saturated liquid enters the boiler at
a pressure of 100 bar, and saturated vapor enters the turbine. The condenser pressure is 0.06 bar.
Determine
(a) the thermal efficiency.
(b) the back work ratio.
(c) the heat transfer to the working fluid per unit mass passing through boiler, in kJ/kg.
(d) the heat transfer from the working fluid per unit mass passing through the condenser, in
kJ/kg.

a) 47.6 %; b) 0.3788; c) 1317 kJ/kg; d) 697.5 kJ/kg

2) Refrigerant 134a is the working fluid in a solar power plant operating on a Rankine cycle.
Saturated vapor at 60°C enters the turbine, and the condenser operates at a pressure of 6 bar. The
rate of energy input to the collectors from solar radiation is 0.4 kW per m2 of collector surface
area. Determine the minimum possible solar collector surface area, in m2, per kW of power
developed by the plant.

25 m2/kW of power developed by the plant.

3) Water is the working fluid in an ideal Rankine cycle. The pressure and temperature at the
turbine inlet are 1600 lbf /in.2 and 1100°F, respectively, and the condenser pressure is 1 lbf/in.2
The mass flow rate of steam entering the turbine is 1.4 x 106 lb/h. The cooling water experiences
a temperature increase from 60 to 80°F, with negligible pressure drop, as it passes through the
condenser.
The turbine isentropic efficiency is 88%, the pump isentropic efficiency is 885%. Determine for
the cycle:

(a) the net power developed, in Btu/h.

(b) the rate of heat transfer to the working fluid passing through the steam generator, in Btu/h.
(c) the thermal efficiency.
(d) the volumetric flow rate of cooling water entering the condenser, in ft3/min.

a) 7.77×108 Btu/; b) 2.062.77×109 c) 37.7%; d) 17,176 ft3/min

4) Superheated steam at 8 MPa and 480°C leaves the steam generator of a vapor power plant.
Heat transfer and frictional effects in the line connecting the steam generator and the turbine
reduce the pressure and temperature at the turbine inlet to 7.6 MPa and 440°C, respectively. The
pressure at the exit of the turbine is 10 kPa, and the turbine operates adiabatically. Liquid leaves
the condenser at 8 kPa, 36°C. The pressure is increased to 8.6 MPa across the pump. The turbine
and pump isentropic efficiencies are 88%. The mass flow rate of steam is 79.53 kg/s. Determine

(a) the net power output, in kW.

(b) the thermal efficiency.
(c) the rate of heat transfer from the line connecting the steam generator and the turbine, in kW.
(d) the mass flow rate of condenser cooling water, in kg/s, if the cooling water enters at 15°C and
exits at 35°C with negligible pressure change.

a) 8.161×104 kW; b) 32.2%; c) − 7643 kW; d) 1963 kg/s

5) A Carnot vapor refrigeration cycle is used to maintain a cold region at 40°F when the ambient
temperature is 90°F. Refrigerant 134a enters the condenser as saturated vapor at 140 lbf/in.2 and
leaves as saturated liquid at the same pressure. The evaporator pressure is 40 lbf/in.2 The mass
flow rate of refrigerant is 6.2 lb/min. Calculate
(a) the compressor power, in Btu/min
(b) the turbine power, in Btu/min
(c) the coefficient of performance.

a) 67.1 Btu/min; b) 11.53 Btu/min; c) 6.87;

6) An ideal vapor-compression refrigeration system operates at steady state with Refrigerant

134a as the working fluid. Superheated vapor enters the compressor at 10 lbf/in.2, 0°F, and
saturated liquid leaves the condenser at 180 lbf/in.2 The refrigeration capacity is 8 tons.
Determine
(a) the compressor power, in horsepower
(b) the rate of heat transfer from the working fluid passing through the condenser, in Btu/min
(c) the coefficient of performance

a) 20.27 hp; b) 2459.4 Btu/min; c) 1.86;

7) Refrigerant 134a enters the compressor of an ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle as

saturated vapor at -10°F. The condenser pressure is 160 lbf/in.2 The mass flow rate of refrigerant
is 6 lb/min. Determine
(a) the coefficient of performance
(b) the refrigerating capacity, in tons

a) 2.61; b) 1.58 tons;