High Blood Pressure

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High Blood Pressure
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d”ìj·TsY Äj·TTπs«~ø˘ bòÕ´$T© |òæJwæj·THé
JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ (High Blood Pressure)
¿ÑÃ+O\ò Z_»∞ºˆH+¨<£ |∞H±Öˇ\ò
~°HõΔPÜ«Úˆ~fikH± ÃãO@~ü „Ñ¨K«∞~°}
"≥Å : 20/–
© ã¨~°fiÇ¨Ï‰õΩ¯Å∞ ~°K«~Ú`«q
_®Hõì~ü z~°∞=∂q∞à◊¡ =Ú~°m =∞<ÀÇ¨Ï~ü, ZO._ç

PÜ«Úˆ~fikH± Ñ¶≤l+≤Ü«∞<£
~°HõΔ PÜ«Úˆ~fikH± ÃãO@~ü
¿ãì\ò Ç¨ÏŸO Z^Œ∞@, ™ê~°näã≤hã¨∂ì_çÜ≥∂ ~À_£,
Jg∞~ü¿Ñ@, ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ – 500073.
á¶È<£û : (040) 23742146, 9246575510.
Email: muralimanoharch@hotmail.com
Website: muralimanohar.com
3/20
JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞
g∞‰õΩ `≥Å∞™ê?
1. [<åÉèÏÖ’ 20 âß`«O =∞Ok ÃÑ^ŒÌÅH˜ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ ™ê^è•~°} ™ê÷~Úx q∞Oz LO^Œx JOK«<å. giÖ’ 40
âß`«O =∞OkH˜ `«=∞‰õΩ JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ L#fl^Œ#fl ãÖQÆ`Õ `≥eÜ«∞^Œ∞. „Ñ¨ÑÖK«"åºÑ¨ÎOQÍ U\Ï [iˆQ J<ÕHõ
=O^ŒÅ "ÕÅ =∞~°}ÏÅ‰õΩ JkèHõ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ XHõ =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ# HÍ~°}O.
2. JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ =Ü«∞ã¨∞#∞|\©ì ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. ÃÑ^ŒÌ"åiÖ’ „Ñü W^ŒÌiÖ’#∞ XHõiH˜ H˘^ÀÌ Q˘áÈÊ JkèHõ~°HõÎ
áÈ@∞ L#fl@∞¡QÍ J^èŒºÜ«∞<åÅ∞ "≥Å¡_çã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú.
3. Ñ¨HõΔ"å`«O, QÆ∞O_≥áÈ@∞, Ç¨~üìÃÑ¶~ÚÅ∂º~ü, H˜_ôflÅ "≥·Ñ¶¨ÖÏºxH˜ JkèHõ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ XHõ „Ñ¨^è•# HÍ~°}O. HÍQÍ
JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞‰õΩ ã¨∂÷ÅHÍÜ«∞O, =∂#ã≤Hõ XuÎ_ç, =∞^Œºáê#O, ^èŒ∂=∞áê<åÅ∞ „Ñ¨^è•# HÍ~°}ÏÅ∞. ˆH=ÅO
aÑ≤x xÜ«∞O„uK«@O ^•fi~å QÆ∞O_≥áÈ@∞#∞ Ñ¨kâß`«O =~°‰õÄ, Ñ¨HõΔ"å`åxfl 40 âß`«O =~°‰õÄ
xÜ«∞O„uOK«=K«∞Û.
4. ÃÑ^ŒÌQÍ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ#∞ „Ñ¨^Œi≈OK«HõáÈ=@O, =ÚO^Œã¨∞Î ÃÇÏK«ÛiHõÅ∂, zÇ¨flÅ∂ ÖË‰õΩO_® ^•_ç KÕÜ«∞@O =Å¡
JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ J^Œ$â◊ºÇ¨ÏO`«H˜QÍ, ÖË^• Ãã·ÖˇO\ò H˜Å¡~üQÍ Jaè=i‚™êÎ~°∞.
5. <Õ\ ˜ r=#â‹·ex |\©ì ÃÇ·ÏcÑ≤ ˆH=ÅO ÃÑ^ŒÌÖ’¡ =∂„`«"Õ∞ =KÕÛ "åºkèQÍ ÑïQÆ}ÕK«‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. 20 Uà◊√¡ ^•\˜#
„Ñü"å~°∞ HõhãÖ Ô~O_»∞ ãÖ=`«û~åÅ‰õΩ XHõ™ê~°<åfl ~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ Ñ¨sHõΔ KÕ~ÚOK«∞HÀ"åe.
6. LÑ¨C‰õΩ JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞‰õΩ ãÖ|O^èŒO LOk. [<åÉèÏÖ’ 30 âß`«O =∞Ok '™êÖòì Ããxû\˜"£—QÍ LO\Ï~°∞.
~°HõÎáÈ@∞`À ÉÏ^èŒÑ¨_Õ"åiÖ’ 58 âß`«O =∞OkÖ’ LÑ¨C ~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ =∞iO`« ÃÑOK«∞`«∞Ok.
_®Hõì~ü z~°∞=∂q∞à◊¡ =Ú~°m =∞<ÀÇ¨Ï~ü, ZO._ç, ~°HõΔ PÜ«Úˆ~fikH± ÃãO@~ü, ¿ãì\ò Ç¨ÏŸO Z^Œ∞@, ™ê~°näã¨∂ì_çÜ≥∂ ~À_£, Jg∞~ü¿Ñ@, ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£–73.
Phones: (040) 23742146, 9246575510. Email: muralimanoharch@hotmail.com. Website: muralimanohar.com
4/20
7. QÍex fã¨∞‰õΩO@∂ KÕ¿ã Ü≥∂QÍã¨<åÅ∂, Z~Ú~ÀaH± `«~°Ç¨
"åºÜ«∂=∂Å∂ JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ QÆ}hÜ«∞OQÍ xÜ«∞O„u™êÎ~Ú.
~ÀA‰õΩ 40 x=ÚëêÅ∞ #_çKÕ"åiÖ’ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ HõxÑ≤OKÕ
J=HÍâßÅ∞ 30 âß`«O `«yæ#@∞¡ J^èŒºÜ«∞<åÅ∞ "≥Å¡_çã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú.
8. QÆiƒù}©Ö’¡ 8 #∞Oz 10 âß`«O =∞Ok JkèHõ~°HõÎáÈ@∞‰õΩ QÆ∞~°ÜÕ∞º
J=HÍâ◊O LOk. JÖÏˆQ =∞^èŒ∞"Õ∞Ç¨Ï"åºkè„QÆã¨∞ÎÖ’¡ 60–65
âß`«O=∞OkH˜ ÃÇÏ· cÑ≤ LO_Õ J=HÍâ◊O LOk Hõ#∞Hõ g~°∞ `«~K° ∞« QÍ
Ñ¨sHõΔÅ∞ KÕ~ÚOK«∞HÀ"åe.
9. =∞QÆ"åiÖ’, =∞^èŒº=Ü«∞ã¨∞ ^•\˜# `«~°∞"å`« XHõ"Õà◊ JkèHõOQÍ
ã≤™êìeH± |¡_£ „ÃÑ+¨~ü (cÑ≤x ã¨∂zOKÕ Ô~O_»∞ ãÖYºÖ’¡ ÃÑ· ãÖYº)
#"≥∂^≥`· Õ =$^•úÑº¨ OÖ’ "≥∞^Œ_∞» Ñ¨xf~°∞ ^≥|ƒu#_»O, =∞u=∞~°∞Ñ¨Ù,
K«∞~°∞‰õΩ^Œ#O`«QÆæ@O =O\˜q HõxÑ≤OKÕ J=HÍâ◊O Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ
LO@∞Ok.
WO`«H© JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ JO>Ë?
QÆ∞O_≥ H˘@∞ìHÀ=_®xfl ÖË^• ãÖHÀK« "åºHÀKåÅ‰õΩ Ö’#∞HÍ=_®xfl Ç¨~üìc\ò ÖË^• Ç¨Ï$^ŒÜ«∞ ã¨ÊO^Œ# JO\Ï~°∞.
„Ñü Ç¨Ï$^ŒÜ«∞ ã¨ÊO^Œ#`À#∂ ~°HõÎO QÆ∞O_≥#∞Oz ^èŒ=∞#∞Å ^•fi~å |Ü«∞ÖËÌi â◊s~°OÖ’x JO`«~°æ`« JOQÍÅ‰õÄ,
Hõ}*ÏÖÏÅ‰õÄ ã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å J=Ù`«∞Ok. ~°HõÎ ã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å x~å@OHõOQÍ [~°QÍÅO>Ë ~°HõÎ„Ñ¨"åÇ¨xH˜ H˘O`« XuÎ_ç,
H˘O`« X_ô LO_®e. ^èŒ=∞#∞Ö’¡ „Ñ¨=Ç≤ÏOKÕ ~°HõÎO, ^•x ~°HõÎ<åàÏÅ QÀ_»Åg∞^Œ „Ñ¨^Œi≈OKÕ XuÎ_çx ~°HõÎáÈ@∞
JO\Ï~°∞. ~À[O`å ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ XˆH=∂kiQÍ LO_»^Œ∞. ~°HõÎáÈ@∞Ö’ H˘kÌáê\˜ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ KÀ@∞KÕã¨∞HÀ=@O
ã¨Ç¨Ï[O. L^•Ç¨~°}‰õΩ, x„^ŒáÈÜÕ∞@Ñ¨C_»∞ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ `«QÆ∞æ`«∞Ok. JÖÏˆQ "åºÜ«∂=∞O KÕ¿ã@Ñ¨C_»∞ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞
HÍã¨ÎO`« ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. Wk ™ê^è•~°}"Õ∞. WÖÏ HÍ‰õΩO_®, Jxfl"Õà◊Ö’¡#∂ cÑ≤ JkèHõOQÍ LO>Ë ^•xx XHõ
ã¨=∞ã¨ºQÍ ÑïQÆ}ÕKåe.
PÜ«Úˆ~fi^Œ ^Œ$HõÊù`«O
#g# PÜ«Ú~ˆ fi^Œ âßGHÍ~°∞Å∞ ~°HÎõ ã¨=∞‡~°#ú O, ~°H|Îõ ÅO =O\˜ ¿Ñ~°`¡ À JkèHõ ~°HáÎõ È@∞#∞
=i‚OKå~°∞. H˘O`«=∞Ok ÑïjÅ‰õΩÅ∞ PÜ«Úˆ~fi^Œ âßG„QÆO^ä•Ö’¡ q=iOz#
~°HõÎQÆ`«"å`«O, "åº#|Å qHõ$u =O\˜ ã≤÷`«∞Å ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ#∞ JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ`À
ãïáÈeÛ `«Å<å`«‡Hõ ^Œ$+≤ì`À J^èŒºÜ«∞#O KÕâß~°∞. HÍQÍ, ~°HõÎáÈ@∞‰õΩ ^•if¿ã
Zkä~Àã‘¡¯~Àã≤ãπ, PsìiÜ≥∂ ã‘¡¯~Àã≤ãπ q^è•<åÅ#∞ PÜ«Úˆ~fi^ŒOÖ’ q=iOz#
^èŒ=∞h„ÑüK«Ü«∞O, ^èŒ=∞hHÍiî#ºO J<Õ ã≤÷`«∞Å`À áÈeÛ =∞iH˘O`« =∞Ok J^èŒºÜ«∞#O
KÕâß~°∞. "å`«^À+¨ qHõ$u JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞Ö’ HõxÑ≤OKÕ „Ñ¨^è•# „Ñ¨„H˜Ü«∞. JÖÏˆQ HõÑ¶Ö,
P=∞O, "Õ∞^Œã¨∞û =O\˜q ^Œ∂+≤OK«_»O =Å¡ ^èŒ=∞h „ÑüK«Ü«∞O, ^èŒ=∞h HÍiî#ºO
5/20
=O\˜q ãÖÉèíq™êÎ~Ú. "å`åxfl ã¨=∞ã≤÷uÖ’ LOK«@O, H˘=Ùfi#∞ xÜ«∞O„uOKÕ "Õ∞^ÀÇ¨Ï~° B+¨^è•Å#∞ "å_»\O,
Hõá¶êxfl ã¨„Hõ=∞ã≤÷uÖ’ LOz P=∂xfl `«yæOK«@O KÕ¿ãÎ =¸ÅHÍ~°}ÏÅ∞ J^Œ∞Ñ¨ÙÖ’H˜ =zÛ JkèHõ~°HõÎáÈ@∞
ã¨=∞~°ú=O`«OQÍ xÜ«∞O„`«}Ö’H˜ =ã¨∞ÎOk.
~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ ã¨∂zOKÕ ãÖYºÅ∞ UO `≥eÜ«∞KÕ™êÎ~Ú?
~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ H˘ez# `«~°∞"å`« Ô~O_»∞ ãÖYºÖ’¡ ã¨∂z™êÎ~°∞. ÃÑ·# LO_Õk
ã≤™ÈìeH± |¡_£ „ÃÑ+¨~.ü HÕ^Œ LO_Õk _»Ü∞« ™Èìeãπ |¡_£ „ÃÑ+¨~.ü ã≤™ÈìeH± ãÖYº#∞
ZÑ¨C_»∂ "≥Ú^Œ@ K≥Ñ≤Ê, _»Ü«∂™ÈìeH± ãÖYº#∞ `«~°∞"å`« K≥|∞`å~°∞.
L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ, 140/90 ÖË^• 140 „HÕ^Œ 90 Jx ¿Ñ~˘¯O>Ë, ^•x J~°úO
ã≤™ÈìeH± XuÎ_ç 140 Jx, _»Ü«∂™ÈìeH± XuÎ_ç 90 Jh ÉèÏqOKåe. QÆ∞O_≥
ãÖHÀzOz ~°HÍÎxfl â◊s~°OÖ’H˜ ÑÖÑ≤OKÕÑC¨ _»∞, ^è=Œ ∞#∞Ö’¡ =ºHõ=Î ∞ÜÕ∞º XuÎ_xç
ã≤™ÈìeH± ãÖYº ã¨∂zã¨∞OÎ k. ~Ô O_»∞ ã¨ÊO^Œ#Å (c\òû) =∞^èºŒ <≥ÅH˘#fl q~å=∞
ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ ^èŒ=∞#∞Ö’¡ HõxÑ≤OKÕ XuÎ_çx _»Ü«∞™ÈìeH± ãÖYº ã¨∂zã¨∞ÎOk.
D Ô~O_»∞ ãÖYºÅ∂ =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ#"Õ. Wq XHõ ^Œâ◊#∞ ^•\˜ ÃÑiy`Õ ^•xx JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞QÍ ÑïQÆ}˜™êÎ~°∞.
áê^Œ~°™êxfl xÅ∞=ÙQÍ XHõ <åà◊OÖ’ xOÑ≤, ^•xg∞^Œ ~°HõÎO „Ñ¨^Œi≈OKÕ XuÎ_çx QÆ=∞xOz, ^•xx q∞b¡g∞@~üû
PÑ¶π "≥∞~°∂¯ ºsQÍ #"≥∂^Œ∞ KÕ™êÎ~°∞. P~ÀQÆº=O`«∞Öˇ·# ÃÑ^ŒÌÖ’¡ ™ê^è•~°} ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ ã¨~åãï 120/80 LO@∞Ok.
D Ô~O_»∞ ãÖYºÅ∞ H˘kÌQÍ J@∞, W@∂ L#flÑ¨Ê\˜H© ÃÑ^ŒÌQÍ ã¨=∞ã¨º LO_»^Œ∞. J~Ú`Õ Wk 140/90H˜ q∞Oz
LO>Ë ã¨=∞ã¨ºÅ∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅ=Ù`å~Ú. XHõ "Õà◊ D ãÖYºÅ∞ 130/85 L<åfl ÖË^• 139/89 L<åfl Wn ™ê^è•~°}O
HÕ^Õ ÖˇHõ¯QÍx, HõhãÖ U_®kH˜ XHõ™êi JO`«HõO>Ë ÃÑiyO^Õ"≥∂ Ñ¨sHõΔ KÕ~ÚOK«∞‰õΩO@∂O_®e. ~°HõÎáÈ@∞
™ê^è•~°} ãÖYº HõO>Ë `«‰õΩ¯= L#flÑ¨C_»∞ (L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ 110/70 ÖË^• 90/60 L#flÑ¨C_»∞) KåÖÏ=∞Ok
HõOQÍ~°∞ Ñ¨_»∞`«∞O\Ï~°∞. W`«~°„`å P~ÀQÆºOQÍ L#flÑ¨C_»∞ nx QÆ∞iOz ÃÑ^ŒÌQÍ PO^Àà◊# K≥O^•eû# Ñ¨xÖË^Œ∞.
=~°æO ã≤™ÈìeH± (ÃÑ·ãÖYº) _»Ü«∂™ÈìeH± (HÕ^ŒãÖYº)
JaèÅ+¨}©Ü«∞O 120 HõO>Ë `«‰õΩ¯= 80 ÖË^• JO`«HõO>Ë `«‰õΩ¯=
™ê^è•~°}O 130 HõO>Ë `«‰õΩ¯= 85 ÖË^• JO`«HõO>ËË `«‰õΩ¯=
™ê^è•~°}OÖ’ ÃÑ·™ê÷~Ú 130–139 85–89
JÅÊ™ê÷~Ú ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ 140–159 90–99
=∞^èŒº=∞™ê÷~Ú ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ 160–169 100–109
f„=™ê÷~Ú ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ 180 ÖË^• JO`«HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= 110 ÖË^• JO`«HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯=
=sæHõ~°}
~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ Ô~O_»∞ ~°HÍÅ∞QÍ =sæHõi™êÎ~°∞. ã¨fi`«O„`«OQÍ, `å#O`«@ `å#∞QÍ, „áêÑ≤ÎOKÕk „áê^äŒq∞HõO. nx<Õ
6/20
Zã¨x¬Ü«∞Öò ÃÇ·ÏÑ¨~ü>ˇ#¬<£ Jx, ¢ÃÑ·=∞s ÃÇ·ÏÑ¨~ü>ˇ#¬<£ Jh JO\Ï~°∞. XHõ™êi Wk „áêÑ≤Î¿ãÎ WHõ rq`åO`«O
Ñ¨Ù~ÀQÆq∞ã¨∂Î<Õ LO@∞Ok. nxx `«y# zH˜`«û`À, PÇ¨~° qÇ¨~åÅ`À xÜ«∞O„uOKåeû LO@∞Ok. nxH˜
HÍ~°}=∞O@∂ ã¨Ê+ì̈OQÍ `≥eÜ«∞^Œ∞ Hõ#∞Hõ zH˜`û« J<Õk HÍ~°}Ï#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ HÍ‰õΩO_® ÅHõ} Δ Ï`«‡HõOQÍ LO@∞Ok.
HÍQÍ, U^≥·<å HÍ~°}Ïxfl J#∞|OkèOz =KÕÛk Ñ¨~°`«O„`«"≥∞ÿ#k. nx<Õ ÃãHõO_»s ÃÇ·ÏÑ¨~ü>ˇ#¬<£ JO\Ï~°∞.
Ç¨~À‡#¡ `Õ_®Å∞, n~°…HÍÅO #∞Oz ÉÏkèOKÕ H˜_ôfl "åº^èŒ∞Å∞, H˜_ôflÅÃÑ·#∞O_Õ Z„_ç#Öò „QÆO^äŒ∞Ö’¡ @∂º=∞~°∞¡
ÃÑ~°QÆ@O, ãÖ`å# x~À^èŒHõ=∂„`«Å#∞ "å_»@O, QÆ~°ƒù^è•~°}, =∞O^Œ∞Å ^Œ∞+¨Êe`åÅ =O\˜"å\˜x J#∞ãïOz
Ñ¨~°`«O„`«[ JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ „áêÑ≤Îã¨∞ÎOk. D `«~°Ç¨ JkèHõ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ W`«~° "åº^èŒ∞Å#∞ ÖË^• HÍ~°}ÏÅ#∞
J#∞|OkèOz =ã¨∞OÎ k HÍ|\˜ì PÜ«∂ HÍ~°}ÏÅ#∞ HõxÃÑ\˜ì `«y¿æ ãÎ JkèHõ ~°HáÎõ È@∞‰õÄ_® âßâ◊fi`«OQÍ `«yáæ È`«∞Ok.
J~Ú`Õ, „Ñ¨^•è # HÍ~°}O n~°H… ÍeHõOQÍ H˘#™êˆQ^≥`· Õ cÑ‘ zH˜`û« ‰õÄ_® n~°H… ÍÅOáê@∞ H˘#™êyOKåeû=ã¨∞OÎ k.
ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞
JkèHõ~°HõÎáÈ@∞HõO@∂ „Ñ¨`ÕºHõ"≥∞ÿ# ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞QÍx, zÇ¨flÅ∞QÍx
HõxÑ≤OK«=Ù. JO`å ÉÏQÍ<Õ L#fl@∞¡ JxÑ≤ã¨∞ÎOk. Ñ¨sHõΔKÕ¿ãÎ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞
JkèHõ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ L#fl@∞¡ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. J<ÕHõ=∞OkÖ’ Uà◊¡ `«~°|_ô JkèHõ
~°HõÎáÈ@∞ L#flÑ¨Ê\˜H© `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩ<Õ ãÖ^Œ~°ƒùOQÍx, J=HÍâ◊OQÍx
~åHõáÈ=@O`À JÖÏˆQ H˘#™êQÆ∞`«∂ f„=™ê÷~ÚH˜ KÕ~°∞‰õΩ#flÑ¨C_»∞
„Ñ¨=∂^ŒHõ~° ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ~°∂ÑÖÖ’ |Ü«∞@Ñ¨_»∞`«∞O@∞Ok. JO^Œ∞ˆH
~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ =∞^èŒº =∞^èŒºÖ’ Ñ¨sHõΔKÕ~ÚOK«∞‰õΩO@∂ LO_®e.
=Ú‰õΩ¯#∞Oz ~°HõÎO HÍ~°@O, `«Å<˘Ñ≤Ê, `«Åu~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#fl@∞¡ JxÑ≤OK«@O, z~å‰õΩ, HÀÑÖ =O\˜ "å\˜x
™ê^è•~°}OQÍ JkèHõ cÑ‘ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞QÍ KåÖÏ=∞Ok J#fi~ÚOK«∞‰õΩO@∂O\Ï~°∞. HÍh cÑ‘ „Ñ¨=∂^ŒHõ~°™ê÷~ÚH˜
KÕ~°∞‰õΩ#flÑ¨C_»∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ D ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ HõxÑ≤™êÎ~Ú. =∂=∂Å∞ ãÖ^Œ~åƒùÖ’¡– XHõ "≥∂ã¨Î~°∞ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞Ö’–
WÖÏO\˜ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ JO`«QÍ HõxÑ≤OK«=Ù. HÍQÍ H˘xfl "åº^èŒ∞Å ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞`À q_»nã≤ K«∂_»ÖËx
ã≤÷uÖ’ Hõeã≤áÈ~Ú HõxÑ≤™êÎ~Ú. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ ÃÇÏK«∞Û"≥Ú`åÎÖ’¡ K«=∞@Ñ¨@ì_»O, HõO_»~åÅ <˘Ñ¨CÅ∞, h~°ãÖ,
x¢™êÎ}, QÆ∞O_≥ ^Œ_,» <å_ç ÃÇÏK«∞Û `«Q∞Æ Åæ ∞QÍ LO_»@O W`åºkq. WÖÏO\˜q HõxÑ≤ã∞¨ #Î flÑ¨C_»∞ "å\˜H˜ HÍ~°}"≥∞#ÿ
"åº^èŒ∞Å<Õ HÍ‰õΩO_® JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ ‰õÄ_® Ñ¨sH˜ΔOKåeû LO@∞Ok.
~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ „¿Ñˆ~Ñ≤OKÕ JOâßÅ∞
JkèHõ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ Z=iÖ’<≥·<å HõxÑ≤OK«=K«∞Û. HÍHõáÈ`Õ H˘O`«=∞OkÖ’ H˘xfl „¿Ñ~°HÍÅ∞ cÑ‘ HõxÑ≤OK«_®xH˜
„Ñ¨`ÕºHõOQÍ `À_»Ê_»∞`å~Ú. g\˜ g∞^Œ J=QÍÇ¨Ï# LO>Ë cÑ‘x xÜ«∞O„uOK«∞HÀ=K«∞Û.
J#∞=OtHõ`« : =Oâ◊áê~°OÑ¨~°º`« JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞‰õΩ XHõ „Ñ¨^è•# HÍ~°}O. ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ Z=iÔH·<å JkèHõ
~°HõÎáÈ@∞ LO>Ë g∞‰õΩ ‰õÄ_® ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ =KÕÛ J=HÍâ◊O LOk Hõ#∞Hõ *Ï„QÆ`«Î Ñ¨_®e.
=Ü«∞ã¨∞ : =Ü«∞ã¨∞ g∞^ŒÑ¨_ÕH˘nÌ cÑ‘ ÃÑiˆQ J=HÍâ◊O LOk Hõ#∞Hõ ÃÑ^ŒÌ=Ü«∞ã¨∞ =zÛ# `«~°∞"å`« `«~°K«∞QÍ
cÑ‘x Ñ¨sHõΔ KÕ~ÚOK«∞‰õΩO@∂ LO_®e.
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¢ã‘ÎÑ¨Ù~°∞+¨ÉèË^ŒO : ™ê^è•~°}OQÍ =∞^èŒº=Ü«∞ã¨∞Ö’ =∞Ç≤Ïà◊Ö’¡HõO>Ë
=∞QÆ"åiÖ’ cÑ‘ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LO_Õ J=HÍâ◊O LOk. J~Ú`Õ, ~°*’x=$uÎ
[iy# `«~°∞"å`« =∞Ç≤Ïà◊Ö’¡ =∞QÆ"åiHõO>Ë cÑ≤ JkèHõOQÍ LO@∞Ok.
LÑ¨C „Ñ¨ÉÏè =O : LÑ¨C „Ñ¨ÉÏè =O JO^ŒiÖ’#∞ XˆH =∂kiQÍ LO_»^∞Œ .
H˘O`«=∞Ok =º‰õΩÎÅ∞ LÑ¨C‰õΩ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ „Ñüã¨ÊOk™êÎ~°∞. =ÚYºOQÍ
giÖ’ LÑ¨C"å_»HõO =Å¡ cÑ‘ Z‰õΩ¯= J=Ù`«∞Ok. nxx ™êÖòì
Ããxû\˜q\˜ JO\Ï~°∞. LÑ¨C =Å¡ Hõ}ÏO`«~°æ`«OQÍ LO_Õ „^Œ"åOâ◊O
~°HõÎOÖ’H˜ =zÛ KÕ~°∞`«∞Ok. nx`À ~°HõÎÉèÏ~°O ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
JkèHõ |~°∞=Ù : ã¨∂÷ÅHÍÜ«∂xH˜ JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞‰õΩ <Õ~°∞QÍ ãÖ|O^èŒO
LOk. JkèHõ |~°∞=Ù Hõey# =º‰õΩÎÖ’¡ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ ‰õÄ_® JkèHõOQÍ<Õ
LO_Õ J=HÍâ◊O LOk. ã¨∂Å÷ HÍÜ«ÚÖ’¡ ~°H<Îõ åàÏÅ Ö’Ñë=∂~°Oæ H˘=Ùfi
Ñ¨^•~å÷Å`À Ñ¨Ó_»∞‰õΩáÈ`«∞Ok. nx`À QÆ∞O_≥ J^Œ#Ñ¨Ù â◊H˜Î`À
Ñ¨xKÕÜ«∂eû =ã¨∞ÎOk. D <ÕÑ¨^äŒºOÖ’ cÑ‘ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
=∞O^ŒH˘_ç r=#q^è•#O : "åºÜ«∂=∞~°Ç≤Ï`« rq`«O, |^ŒÌHõO =O\˜"å\˜=Å¡ âßs~°Hõ |~°∞=Ù ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
nx`À ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
=∞^Œºáê#O : =∞^Œºáê#O =Å¡ cÑ≤ ÃÑiˆQ J=HÍâ◊O LOk. ãÖ=`«û~åÅ `«~°|_ô =∞^•ºxfl ¿ãqOKÕ "åiÖ’
QÆ∞O_≥ HõO_»~åÅ∞ |ÅÇ‘Ï# Ñ¨_»`å~Ú. JÖÏˆQ ~°HõÎ<åàÏÅ QÀ_»Å∞ ‰õÄ_® ^≥|ƒux JkèHõ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ „áêÑ≤Îã¨∞ÎOk.
QÆ~ƒ° xù ~À^èHŒ õ =∂„`«Å∞, W`«~° =∞O^Œ∞Å qxÜ≥∂QÆO : ãÖ`å#x~À^èHŒ õ =∂„`«Å#∞ n~°H… ÍÅOáê@∞ "å_Õ =∞Ç≤Ïà◊Ö’¡
~°HõÎáÈ@∞ ÃÑiˆQ J=HÍâ◊O LOk. JÖÏˆQ H˘xfl ~°HÍÅ =∞O^Œ∞Å=Å¡ ‰õÄ_® ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. U^≥·<å XHõ
=∞O^Œ∞#∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ\ ˜ì# `«~°∞"å`« ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ ÃÑiy`Õ, "≥·^Œ∞º_çx Hõeã≤ J#∞=∂# x=$uÎ KÕã¨∞HÀ"åe.
QÆ~°ƒù^è•~°} : QÆ~°ƒù^è•~°}Ö’ `å`å¯eHõOQÍ KÀ@∞KÕã¨∞‰õΩ<Õ =∂~°∞ÊÅ=Å¡ H˘O`«=∞Ok =∞Ç≤Ïà◊Ö’¡ cÑ≤ ÃÑiˆQ
J=HÍâ◊O LOk. QÆ~°ƒù^è•~°}‰õΩ =∞O^Œ∞ =∂=¸Å∞QÍ<Õ LO_ç, QÆ~°ƒù ^è•~°} ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ =∂„`«"Õ∞ cÑ≤ ÃÑiy`Õ,
„Ñ¨ã¨"å#O`«~°O uiy cÑ≤ ™ê^è•~°} ™ê÷~ÚH˜ KÕ~°∞‰õΩ<Õ J=HÍâ◊O LO@∞Ok.
~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩ<Õ Ñ¨^Œúu
g∞ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ JkèHõOQÍ LO^• ÖË^• J<Õk `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ=_®xH˜ Jxfl\˜Hõ<åfl L`«Î=∞"≥∞ÿ# =∂~°æO "≥·^Œ∞º_çKÕ`«
Ñ¨sHõΔ KÕ~ÚOK«∞HÀ=@"Õ∞. W\©=e HÍÅOÖ’ ZÅ¢HÍìxH± ÑïHõ~åÅ∞ ÅÉèíº=∞=Ù`«∞<åfl~Ú. Wq ~°HõÎáÈ@∞g∞^Œ
Jã¨Ê+¨ì"≥∞ÿ# ã¨=∂Kå~åxfl =∂„`«"Õ∞ W™êÎ~Ú. Jã¨Öˇ·# s_çOQ∑û HÀãÖ áê^Œ~°ãÖ P^è•~°OQÍ Ñ¨xKÕ¿ã cÑ‘
=∂x@~üx =∂„`«"Õ∞ "å_®e. cÑ≤x qO@∂ iHÍ~°∞¤ KÕÜ«∂eû LO@∞Ok HÍ|\˜ì ^•xx _®Hõì~üQÍx ÖË^•
`«sÊù^Œ∞ á⁄Ok# "≥·^Œº¿ã=‰õΩÅ∞QÍx Ñ¨sH˜ΔOKåe.
cÑ≤x Ñ¨sHõΔ KÕ¿ã@Ñ¨C_»∞ "≥·^Œ∞ºÅ∞ =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ q∞=∞‡e¡ ‰õΩsÛÖ’ ‰õÄ~ÀÛ=∞x KÕux QÆ∞O_≥‰õΩ ã¨=∂O`«~°OQÍ
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LOK«=∞O\Ï~°∞. "≥Ú^Œ@ g∞ "≥∂KÕu ÃÑ·ÉèÏQÆOÖ’ KÕ~Ú K«∞@∂ì HõÑ¶π#∞ K«∞_»`å~°∞. Éèí∞[O #∞Oz =ÚO*ˇ~ÚºÖ’H˜
„Ñ¨Ü«∂}=∞ÜÕ∞º ^èŒ=∞xx („ÉËH˜Ü«∞Öò P~°ìs) QÆ∞iÎOz Ããì`«™È¯Ñπ _»Ü«∂„Ñ¶Ö#∞ ^•xÃÑ·# LOK«∞`å~°∞. `«~°∞"å`«
QÍex HõÑ¶πÖ’H˜ ÑÖÑ≤™êÎ~°∞. ã≤™ÈìeH± XuÎ_çH˜ q∞Oz HõÑ¶πÖ’x XuÎ_ç ÃÑiy#Ñ¨C_»∞ ^èŒ=∞#∞Ö’¡ ~°HõÎ„Ñ¨"åÇ¨ÏO
PyáÈ`«∞Ok HÍ|\˜ì Ããì`«™È¯Ñπ`À q<ÕÑ¨C_»∞ U ~°Hõ"≥∞ÿ# â◊|Ì=¸ qxÑ≤OK«^Œ∞. HõÑ¶πÖ’x QÍex uiy <≥=∞‡kQÍ
=^Œ∞Å∞`«∂O>Ë XHõ áê~ÚO@∞#∞Oz â◊ÉÌO qxÑ≤OK«@O "≥Ú^ŒÅ=Ù`«∞Ok. n#~°úO, |Ü«∞\˜ XuÎ_ç ^èŒ=∞#∞Ö’¡x
XuÎ_çH˜ ã¨=∂#=∞~ÚºO^Œ#fl=∂@. nxx ã≤™ÈìeH±QÍ #"≥∂^Œ∞ KÕ™êÎ~°∞. HõÑ¶πÖ’x QÍex =∞iO`«QÍ =ke`Õ XHõ
^ŒâÖ◊ ’ <å_ç â◊|OÌ qxÑ≤OK«_O» PyáÈ`«∞Ok. nxx _»Ü∞« ™ÈìeH±QÍ #"≥∂^Œ∞ KÕ™êÎ~∞° . ^è=Œ ∞#∞Ö’¡x ~°H„Îõ Ñ¨"åÇ¨ÏÑ¨Ù
XuÎ_çH˜ |Ü«∞@#∞Oz Hõ\ ì̃# HõÑ¶π U =∂„`«O „ÑüÑ¶¨∞@# W=fiHõáÈ=@O`À ~°HõÎ „Ñ¨"åÇ¨ÏOÖ’ â◊|ÌO `«yæáÈ`«∞Ok.
D Ñ¨sHõΔÖ’ <˘Ñ≤Ê LO_»^Œ∞. XHõ\ Ỗ~O_»∞ xq∞ëêÖ’¡ Ñ¨sHõΔ =ÚQÆ∞ã¨∞ÎOk. XHõ"Õà◊ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜™êi Ñ¨sHõΔ KÕã≤#Ñ¨C_»∞
cÑ‘ L#fl^Œx `Õe#Ñ¨Ê\˜H© "≥O@<Õ JkèHõ cÑ‘QÍ ÑïQÆ}ÕK«~°∞. â◊s~°OÖ’ <˘Ñ¨CÅ∞ L#flÑ¨C_»∞, x„^Œ ãïQÍ
ÖË#Ñ¨C_»∞, `≥Å¡x HÀ@∞¡ ^èŒiOz# _®Hõì~°¡#∞, #~°∞ûÅ#∞ K«∂ã≤#Ñ¨C_»∂ H˘O`«=∞OkH˜ cÑ‘ ÃÑiˆQ J=HÍâ◊O
LO@∞Ok ("≥·\ò HÀ\ò ÃÇ·ÏÑ¨~ü>ˇ#¬<£) Hõ#∞Hõ Ñ¨Å∞=∂~°∞¡ K«∂ã≤, Jxfl ãÖ^Œ~åƒùÖ’¡#∞ ™ê^è•~°} ™ê÷~ÚH˜ q∞Oz
HõxÑ≤¿ãÎ JÑ¨C_»∞ JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞QÍ #"≥∂^Œ∞ KÕÜ«∂e. cÑ‘x xÅÉˇ\ ˜ì, ‰õÄ~ÀÛÉˇ\ ˜ì, Ñ¨~°∞O_»Éˇ\ ˜ì WÖÏ qq^èŒ
ÉèíOy=∞Ö’¡ K«∂ã≤ iHÍ~°∞¤ KÕÜ«∂e. ‰õΩ_ç, Z_»=∞ KÕ`«∞Å∞ Ô~O\˜Ö’#∞ cÑ‘ K«∂_®e. Jxfl s_çOQ∑Å#∞ ‰õÄ_ç,
"å\˜ ã¨~°ãïx ÖˇHõ¯Hõ\Ïìe. XHÀ™êi "≥O@<Õ JkèHõcÑ‘x x~°‚~ÚOKåeû# ãÖ^Œ~åƒùÅ∞ Z^Œ∞~°=Ù`å~Ú. WÖÏO\˜
ãÖ^Œ~åƒùxfl ÃÇ·ÏÑ¨~ü>ˇxû"£ ¢ÔH·ã≤ãπ JO\Ï~°∞. "≥Ú^Œ@™êi K«∂ã≤#Ñ¨C_»∞ _»Ü«∞™êìeH± s_çOQ∑ (HÕ^Œ ãÖYº)
120H˜ q∞Oz LO>Ë "≥O@<Õ JkèHõ~°HõÎáÈ@∞QÍ "åºkè x~åú~°} KÕã≤ zH˜`«û "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ\Ïìeû LO@∞Ok. HÍQÍ Hõà◊√¡,
"≥∞^Œ_»∞, QÆ∞O_≥, H˜_ôflÅ Ñ¨xf~°∞ ã¨„Hõ=∞OQÍ LO_ç cÑ‘ 180/105 Ö’Ñ¨Ù #"≥∂^≥·`Õ "≥O@<Õ JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞QÍ
x~°‚~ÚOz zH˜`«û "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ\Ïìeû# J=ã¨~°O LO_»^Œ∞. HõhãÖ J~Ú^Œ∞™ê~°∞¡ Ñ¨sH˜ΔOz Jxfl ™ê~°∂¡ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ<Õ
L#fl^Œx `Õe`Õ JÑ¨C_»∞ zH˜`«û „áê~°OaèOKåeû LO@∞Ok. cÑ‘ JkèHõOQÍ L#fl^Œx `Õe#Ñ¨C_»∞ J#∞|O^èŒ
"åº^èŒ∞Å#∞, ã≤÷uQÆ`«∞Å#∞ Jxfl\˜h Ñ¨sH˜ΔOKåe. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ, Z`«∞Î, ÖÏ=ÙÅ#∞ K«∂_®e. Z`«∞Î‰õΩ `«y#
q^èŒOQÍ HÍ‰õΩO_® JkèHõOQÍ ÖÏ=ÙO>Ë `«y# zH˜`«ûÅ∞ KÕÜ«∂e. HõO\˜Ö’x Ô~\©<å#∞ Ñ¨sH˜ΔOKåe. QÆ∞O_≥‰õΩ
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ãÖ|OkèOz# „áê^äŒq∞Hõ Ñ¨sHõΔÅ∞ J=ã¨~°=∞=Ù`å~Ú. áê^•Å∞, W`«~° âßs~°Hõ ÉèÏQÍÖ’¡ "åÑ¨Ù KÕiO^Õ"≥∂
K«∂_®e. <å_çx ˆH=ÅO =∞}˜Hõ@∞ì=^ŒÌ<Õ HÍ‰õΩO_® W`«~° „áêO`åÖ’¡ ‰õÄ_® K«∂_®e. =ÚYºOQÍ "≥∞_»Ö’
K«∂_®e. L^Œ~°O g∞^Œ Ããì`«™È¯Ñπx LOz, L^Œ~° ÉèÏQÆOÖ’x ~°HõÎ<åàÏÖ’¡ „Ñ¨=Ç≤ÏOKÕ ~°HõÎ„Ñ¨"åÇ¨Ï"ÕQÆÑ¨Ù â◊ÉÏÌÅ#∞
q<åe. "≥∞_»Ö’LO_Õ ^ä≥·~å~Ú_£ „QÆOkäx, "≥∞_»Ö’x ~°HõÎ<åàÏÅ#∞, ÔH~À\˜_£ ^èŒ=∞#∞Ö’¡ ~°HõÎ„Ñ¨"åÇ¨ÏÑ¨Ù ^èŒfi#∞Å#∞
Ñ¨sHΔ̃OKåe.
"≥·^ŒºÑ¨sHõΔÖ’ ÉèÏQÆOQÍ g∞~°∞ _®Hõì~ü‰õΩ g∞ W`«~° "åº^èŒ∞Å‰õΩ
ãÖ|OkèOz# q=~åÅ#∞, â◊G zH˜`û« Å‰õΩ ãÖ|OkèOz# q=~åÅ#∞,
"Õˆ~ "åº^èŒ∞Å‰õΩ "å_»∞`«∞#fl =∞O^Œ∞Å q=~åÅ#∞ Jxfl\˜h K≥áêÊe.
J<ÕHõ "åº^è∞Œ Å∞ cÑ‘H˜ HÍ~°}=∞=Ù`å~Ú HÍ|\˜ì "å\˜ Jxfl\˜ QÆ∞iOz
"≥·^ŒºÑ¨sHõΔÖ’¡ ÉèÏQÆOQÍ P~å fÜ«∂eû LO@∞Ok.
„áê^äqŒ ∞Hõ Ñ¨sHõÖΔ ’¡ JkèHõ ~°HáÎõ È@∞ L#fl^Œx `Õe`Õ =ºH˜QÎ `Æ « Wu=$`«OÎ ,
=Oâß#∞QÆ`«"≥∞ÿ# ã¨=∂Kå~°O ¿ãHõiOK«_»O J=ã¨~°O. ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’
W`«~°∞Å‰õΩ JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ LO_ç LO_»@O– Jn =∞QÆ"åiÖ’ 45
ãÖ=`«û~åÅ Ö’Ñ¨Ù, J_»"åiÖ’ 55 ãÖ=`«û~åÅ Ö’Ñ¨Ó ÃÇ·Ï–cÑ‘
LO_»@O QÆ∞iOz P~å fÜ«∂e. ~°HõÎ<åàÏÅ∞ J_»∞¤‰õΩáÈ=@O =Å¡
L`«Ê#fl=∞ÜÕ∞º ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ QÆ∞iOz (KèåuÖ’ <˘Ñ≤Ê, PÜ«∂ãÖ, âßs~°Hõ„â◊=∞`À HÍà◊¡Ö’ <˘Ñ≤Ê ~å=_»O) "åHõ|∞
KÕÜ∂« e. H˘kÌ Hõ}Δ ÏÅáê@∞ Ç¨Ï~îå`«∞QÎ Í HÍà◊√¡ KÕ`∞« Å∞ Ñ¨xKÕÜ∞« HõáÈ=\O, Hõà√◊ ¡ Éˇ~· ∞° ¡ Hõ=∞‡@O =O\˜ '„\ÏxûÜ«∞O\ò
Wã‘¯q∞H± Z\ÏH±— ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ QÆ∞iOz `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åe. `å`å¯eHõOQÍ ~°HõÎ„Ñ¨"åÇ¨xH˜ J=~À^èŒO U~°Ê_ç#Ñ¨C_»∞ D
ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ HõxÑ≤™êÎ~Ú. H˜_ôflÅ∞, ~°HõÎ„Ñ¨ã¨~°} =º=ã¨÷ÃÑ· „Ñ¨ÉèÏ=O K«∂¿Ñ W`«~° "åº^èŒ∞ÅQÆ∞iOz "åHõ|∞ KÕÜ«∂e.
~°HõÎOÖ’ LO_Õ H˘Öˇãì̈~åÖòHÀãÖ Ñ¨sHΔ̃OKåe. PÇ¨~°OÖ’ LÑ¨C, H˘=Ùfi, #∂<≥Å∞, H˘Öˇã¨ì~åÖò Ñ¨^•~å÷Å∞, =∞^ŒºO
"å\˜ qxÜ≥∂QÆO QÆ∞iOz `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åe. ~ÀA"åiQÍ KÕ¿ã âßs~°Hõ „â◊=∞ QÆ∞iOz, "åºÜ«∂=∞O QÆ∞iOz
"åHõ|∞KÕÜ«∂e. JÖÏˆQ âßs~°Hõ |~°∞=ÙÖ’ KÀ@∞KÕã¨∞‰õΩ<Õ =∂~°∞ÊÅ QÆ∞iOz, ^èŒ∂=∞áê#O, W`«~° =∂^ŒHõ
„^Œ"åºÅ qxÜ≥∂QÆO QÆ∞iOz `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åe. ~°HáÎõ È@∞#∞ ÃÑOKÕ =∞O^Œ∞Å qxÜ≥∂QÍxfl QÆ∞iOz `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åe.
L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ ãÖ`å# x~À^èŒHõ =∂„`«Å∞, ã‘ì~å~Ú_£ =∞O^Œ∞Å∞, ^ä≥·~å~Ú_£ Ç¨~À‡<£ =∞O^Œ∞Å∞, [Å∞|∞HÀãÖ
"å_Õ _ôHõO*ˇÃãìO@∞¡, <˘Ñ≤Êx `«yæOKÕ <å<£ã‘ì~å~Ú_£ Ü«∂O\©W<£Ñ¶¨¡"Õ∞@s =∞O^Œ∞Å∞, _ç„ÃÑ+¨<£HÀãÖ "å_Õ
Ü«∂O\©_ç„ÃÑÃãO\òû =O\˜q "å_»∞`«∞<åfl~À ÖË^À J_çy `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åe. =ºH˜ÎQÆ`« rq`«OÖ’QÍx, =$uÎÑ¨~°"≥∞ÿ#
rq`«OÖ’QÍx XHõ"Õà◊ XuÎ_çx Z^Œ∞~˘¯O@∞<åflˆ~"≥∂ `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åe.
JkèHõ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ L#flÑ¨C_»∞ =¸„`«Ñ¨sHõΔ KÕ~Ú¿ãÎ JO`«~°æ`« J=Ü«∞"åÅ∞ ^≥|ƒu#fln ÖËxn `≥eã≤áÈ`«∞Ok.
~°HõÎOÖ’ ™È_çÜ«∞O, á⁄\Ï+≤Ü«∞O, QÆ∂¡HÀ*ò, H˘Öˇã¨ì~åÖò =O\˜q ZO`« "≥∂`å^Œ∞Ö’¡ L<åflÜ≥∂ Ñ¨sH˜ΔOKåe.
Dã‘r Ñ¨sHõΔ ^•fi~å QÆ∞O_≥ Ñ¨xf~°∞#∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åe. J=ã¨~"° ∞≥ `ÿ ,Õ QÆ∞O_≥ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞^ŒÅ#∞ K«∂_»\ÏxH˜ KèåuZH±û~ˆ
f~ÚOKåe.
10/20
WHõ¯@∞¡ : f„=™ê÷~Ú ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ (=∂ºeÔQflO\ò ÃÇ·ÏÑ¨~ü>ˇ#¬<£)
~°HõÎáÈ@∞ n~°…HÍÅO #∞Oz H˘#™êQÆ∞`«∞#fl"åiÖ’ XHÀ™êi Ç¨Ï~îå`«∞ÎQÍ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ f„=™ê÷~ÚH˜ KÕ~°∞‰õΩO@∞Ok.
nxx ÃÇ·ÏÑ¨~ü>ˇxû"£ ¢ÔH·ã≤ãπ JO\Ï~°∞. nxx J`«º=ã¨~°OQÍ `«yæOK«HõáÈ`Õ „áê}„Ñ¨=∂^ŒO [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. nxÖ’
"≥∞^Œ_»∞, QÆ∞O_≥, =¸„`«Ñ≤O_®Å∞, Hõà◊¡=O\˜ JO`«~°æ`« J=Ü«∞"åÅ∞ ^≥|ƒuO\Ï~Ú. Ñ¶ë`«OQÍ qq^èŒ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞
L`«Ê#fl=∞=Ù`å~Ú. ™ê^è•~°}OQÍ _»Ü«∞™êìeH± XuÎ_ç (HÕk ãÖYº) 120 q∞Oz#Ñ¨C_»∞ ^•xx ÃÇ·ÏÑ¨~ü>ˇxû"£
¢ÔH·ã≤ãπQÍ K≥|∞`å~°∞. ~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ xÜ«∞O„uOKÕ Ü«∞O„`åOQÆO ^≥|ƒu#flÑ¨C_»∞ D ã¨=∞ã¨º L`«Ê#fl=∞=Ù`«∞Ok.
"≥∞^Œ_∞» Ö’ ~°H„Îõ ™ê=O : JkèH~õ H° áÎõ È@∞=Å¡ "≥∞^Œ_∞» Ö’ ~°H<Îõ åàÏÅ∞ z\˜¡ ~°H„Îõ ™ê=O [iy`Õ HÍà◊√¡ KÕ`∞« Å∞ Ñ¨_áç È=@O,
uq∞‡~°∞¡, â◊s~°O "≥Ú^Œ∞ÌÉÏ~°@O, `≥eq`«Ñ¨Ê@O =O\˜ Ñ¨HõΔ"å`«O ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ L`«Ê#fl=∞=Ù`å~Ú.
Ç¨~üì Z\ÏH± : QÆ∞O_≥ HõO_»~åÅ‰õΩ ~°HãÎõ ~¨ Ñ° ~¨¶ å H˘~°=_ç`Õ KèåuÖ’ XuÎ_,ç <˘Ñ≤Ê, Z_»=∞KÕuÖ’H˜ <˘Ñ≤Ê „Ñ¨ãi¨ OK«@O,
âßfiã¨ "ÕQÆO ÃÑ~°QÆ@O =O\˜ Ç¨~üìZ\ÏH± ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞, ÖË^• Ü«∂O*ˇ·<å ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ HõxÑ≤™êÎ~Ú.
Ç¨~üì ÃÑ¶~ÚÅ∂º~ü : JkèHõ~°HõÎáÈ@∞=Å¡ ^èŒ=∞#∞Ö’¡ 'PsìiÜ«∞Öò XuÎ_ç— U~°Ê_ç ~°HõÎO ãÖz`«=∞=Ù`«∞Ok. nx
Ñ¶ë`«OQÍ ~°HõÎO "≥#H˜¯ áÈ>Ëã≤ QÆ∞O_≥ ÑÖÑ≤OQ∑ ™ê=∞~åúºxfl ^≥|ƒfã¨∞ÎOk. nx Ñ¶ë`«OQÍ H˘kÌáê\˜ „â◊=∞ˆH
âßfiã¨"ÕQÆO ÃÑ~°QÆ@O, Ñ¨x`À ãÖ|O^èŒO ÖË‰õΩO_® q„âßOu fã¨∞‰õΩO@∞#flÑ¨C_»∞ ‰õÄ_® PÜ«∂ãÖ ~å=@O
=O\˜ Ç¨~üìÃÑ¶~ÚÅ∂º~ü ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ HõxÑ≤™êÎ~Ú.
=¸„`«ÑO≤ _®Å "≥Ñ· Å¨¶ ºO : JkèHõ XuÎ_=ç Å¡QÍx, ^≥|ƒu#fl ~°HHÎõ }
õ ÏÅ J=âıëêÅ=Å¡QÍx H˜_flô Ö =_»áÈ`« q^è•#O
^≥|ƒuO@∞Ok. Ñ¶e¨ `«OQÍ =¸„`«OÖ’ ~°HOÎõ HõxÑ≤OK«@O, "åÑ¨Ù =O\˜ 'H˜_flô ÃÑ~¶ ÚÅ∂º~ü— ÅHõ} Δ ÏÅ∞ HõxÑ≤™êÎ~Ú.
Ô~\©<å q_çáÈ=@O : ~°HõÎO JkèHõ XuÎ_çHÍ~°}OQÍ HõO\˜Ö’x JO`«~°æ`« „Ñ¨^ÕâßÖ’¡H˜ „ã¨qã¨∞ÎOk. nx`À Ô~\©<å
W`«~° HõO\˜ á⁄~°Å#∞Oz q_çáÈ=@O, HõO\˜Ö’x Hõ}*ÏÖÏÅ∞ ^≥|ƒu#_»O =O\˜q U~°Ê_ç K«∂Ñ¨Ù^≥|ƒuO@∞Ok.
|$Ç¨Ï^Œú=∞x p~°∞‰õΩáÈ=@O : JkèHõ XuÎ_ç HÍ~°}OQÍ QÆ∞O_≥#∞Oz ~°HÍÎxfl âßs~°Hõ ÉèÏQÍÅ‰õΩ KÕ~°"Õ¿ã
11/20
|$Ç¨Ï^Œú=∞xÖ’ peHõ U~°Ê_ç Ö’Ñë QÀ_» q_ç=_»∞`«∞Ok. nxx JÜ≥∂iìH± _çÃãHõΔ<£ JO\Ï~°∞. nx=Å¡ gÑ¨ÙÖ’
f„=OQÍ Hõu`Î À HÀã≤#@∞¡ <˘Ñ≤Ê ~å=@O, ÖË^• KèåuÖ’ Éèií OK«Ö#Ë O`« <˘Ñ≤Ê~å=@O =O\˜ ÅHõ}Δ ÏÅ∞ HõxÑ≤™êÎ~Ú.
~°HõÎK«O„Hõ=∞}O (|¡_£ ã¨~°∞¯ ºÖË+¨<£) "≥·Ñ¶¨ÅºO K≥O^Œ@O, âßs~åO~°æ`«OQÍ ~°HõÎ„™ê=O [~°QÆ@O =O\˜ Ñïã≤÷`«∞Å∞
L`«Ê#fl=∞=Ù`å~Ú.
f„=™ê÷~Ú~°HõÎáÈ@∞ =zÛ#`«~°∞"å`« `«yæOKÕHõ<åfl, ~å‰õΩO_®
x"åiOK«_O» Jxflq^è•ÖÏ =∞Ozk. ~°HáÎõ È@∞#∞ xÜ«∞O„`«}Ö’
LOK«_®xH˜ ã¨∂zOz# =∞O^Œ∞Å#∞ „Hõ=∞O `«Ñ¨Ê‰õΩO_®
"å_» ‰ õ Ω O_® J„â◊ ^ Œ ú KÕ Ü « ∞ @O, W`« ~ ° ã¨ Å Ç¨  Å#∞
áê\ÕK«HõáÈ=@O =O\˜q =∂ºeÔQflO\ò ÃÇ·ÏÑ¨~ü>ˇ#¬<£
~å=\ÏxH˜ „Ñ¨^•è #"≥∞#ÿ HÍ~°}ÏÅ∞. XHÀ™êi Ç¨Ï~îå`«∞QÎ Í H˜_flô Å∞
"åºkè„QÆã¨÷"≥∞ÿ "≥·Ñ¶¨ÅºO K≥O^Œ@O =O\˜"å\˜ HÍ~°}OQÍ
=∂=¸Å∞ ™ê÷ ~ ÚÖ’ LO_Õ ~° H õ Î á È@∞ Ç¨ Ï ~î å `« ∞ Î Q Í
kfiy}©Hõ$`«=∞=Ù`«∞Ok.
=∂ºeÔQflO\ò ÃÇÏ· Ñ¨~>ü #ˇ ¬<#£ ∞ ã¨∂zOKÕ ÃÇÏK«ÛiHÍÑ¨Ó~°fiHõ"∞≥ #ÿ
ÅHõ}
Δ ÏÅ#∞ QÆ∞iÎOK«QÅÆ QÍe. `«Å<˘Ñ≤Ê, K«∂Ñ¨Ù =∞ã¨QÉÆ Ï~°@O,
"åO`«∞Å∞ =O\˜q HõxÑ≤Oz#"≥O@<Õ J„Ñ¨=∞`«Î=∞"åfie. HÍQÍ, f„="≥∞ÿ# `«ÅáÈ@∞, Hõà◊√¡Éˇ·~°∞¡ Hõ=∞‡@O,
KèåuÖ’<˘Ñ≤Ê, PÜ«∂ãÖ, =¸„`«OÖ’ ~°HOÎõ HõxÑ≤OK«@O =O\˜ ÅHõ}Δ ÏÅ∞ f„=™ê÷~Ú =∂ºeÔQflO\ò ÃÇÏ· Ñ¨~>ü #ˇ ¬<Ö£ ’
HõxÑ≤™êÎ~Ú. nxx `«y# suÖ’ `«yæOK«HõáÈ`Õ H©ÅHõ JO`«~°æ`« J=Ü«∞"åÅ Ñ¨xf~°∞ ^≥|ƒuO@∞Ok. J~Ú`Õ,
=∞s Ç¨Ï~îå`«∞ÎQÍ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ `«yæ¿ãÎ "≥∞^Œ_»∞‰õΩ ~°HõÎã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å JO^ŒHõ „Ñ¨=∂^ŒO U~°Ê_Õ J=HÍâ◊O LO@∞Ok
Hõ#∞Hõ PÜ«∂ Ñïã≤`÷ ∞« Å#∞ ^Œ$+≤Öì ’ LOK«∞HÀ"åe. ã¨~Ê° QÆO^èŒ =O\˜ B+¨^•è Å∞ JkèHõ ~°HáÎõ È@∞#∞ xÜ«∞O„uOK«_®xH˜
LÑ¨Hõi™êÎ~Ú. JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞HÍ~°}OQÍ TÑ≤i u`«∞ÎÖ’¡ ãÖz`«"≥∞ÿ# h\˜x "≥Å∞=iOK«_®xH˜ QÀ‰õΔΩ~° =O\˜
=¸„`«Å B+¨^è•Å∞ J=ã¨~°=∞=Ù`å~Ú. JÖÏˆQ, QÆ∞O_≥ HõO_»~åÅ‰õΩ ~°HõÎã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å ãïQÍ [iˆQÖÏ KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜
<åQÍ~°∞˚<å„Éèí ~°ã¨ =O\˜"å\˜x W"åfieû LO@∞Ok.
~°HõÎáÈ@∞ xÜ«∞O„`«}‰õΩ ™ê^è•~°} ã¨∂K«#Å∞
'ãÖˆHΔÑ¨`«ó „H˜Ü«∂Ü≥∂QÀ x^•#ã¨ºK« =~°˚#O— JO@∞Ok PÜ«Úˆ~fi^ŒO. HÍ~°}ÏÅ#∞ HõxÃÑ\˜ì "å\˜x J^Œ∞Ñ¨Ù
KÕ¿ãÎ "åºkèx âßâ◊fi`«OQÍ J^Œ∞Ñ¨ÙKÕÜ∞« =K«∞Û#x nx J~°Oú . ~°HáÎõ È@∞‰õΩ ^•if¿ã HÍ~°}ÏÖ’¡ H˘xfl =∞# KÕ`∞« Ö’¡<Õ
LO\Ï~Ú. xÜ«∞O„uOK« `«y# HÍ~°}ÏÅ#∞ QÆ∞iÎOz "å\˜x J^Œ∞Ñ¨ÙÖ’ LOK«QÆey`Õ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ xÜ«∞O„`«}
KåÖÏ=~°‰õÄ ™ê^èŒº=∞=Ù`«∞Ok.
âßs~°Hõ |~°∞=Ù `«yæOK«∞HÀ"åe : Z`«∞Î‰õΩ `«y# |~°∞=Ù LO_ÕÖÏ *Ï„QÆ`«Î Ñ¨_®e. ÉÏ_ô=∂ãπ WO_≥H±û J<Õk
18.5 #∞Oz 24.9 =∞^èºŒ Ö’ LO_ÕÖÏ K«∂ã¨∞HÀ"åe. XHõ"àÕ ◊ WO`«HOõ >Ë JkèHOõ QÍ |~°∞=Ù LO>Ë `«yOæ K«∞HÀ"åe.
W\©=Å [iy# J^èºŒ Ü«∞<åÖ’¡ âßs~°Hõ |~°∞=Ù‰õΩ, JkèHõ ~°HáÎõ È@∞‰õÄ QÆ}hÜ«∞"≥∞#ÿ ãÖ|O^èOŒ L#fl@∞¡ `ÕeOk.
JkèHõOQÍ |~°∞=Ù Hõey# "å~°∞ `«=∞ "≥Ú`«ÎO |~°∞=ÙÖ’ ˆH=ÅO 4.5 H˜Ö’Å |~°∞=Ù#∞ `«yæ, =¸_Õà◊¡áê@∞ =∞m¡
12/20
ÃÑ~°QÆ‰õΩO_® K«∂ã¨∞‰õΩO>Ë ã≤™ÈìeH± XuÎ_ç 5 q∞b¡g∞@~°¡ K˘Ñ¨C#, _»Ü«∞™êìeH± XuÎ_ç 7 q∞b¡ g∞@~°¡ K˘Ñ¨C#
`«QÆ∞æ`åÜ«∞x ÑïjÅ#Å∞ K≥|∞`«∞<åfl~Ú. QÆ∞O_≥‰õΩ =∞Oz KÕ¿ã 'Ç¨Ï$^Œº—"≥∞ÿ# PÇ¨~åÅ#∞ fã¨∞HÀ"åe. H˘=Ùfi
Ñ¨^•~å÷Å#∞ `«‰Ωõ ¯=QÍ fã¨∞HÀ"åe. ™ê^è•~°} LëÈ‚„QÆ`Ö« ’¡ Ñ¶∞¨ hÉèqí Oz HõxÑ≤OKÕ ™êºK«∞ºˆ~>ˇ_£ H˘=Ùfi Ñ¨^•~å÷Å#∞,
H˘Öˇã¨ì~åÖò JkèHõOQÍ LO_Õ HÀ_çQÆ∞_»∞¤ Ñ¨K«Û™⁄# =O\˜ PÇ¨~°Ñ¨^•~å÷Å#∞ ÉÏQÍ `«yæOKåe. JÖÏˆQ J#∞x`«ºO
J~°úâ◊H˜ÎQÍ "åºÜ«∂=∞O KÕ¿ãÎ |~°∞=Ù xÜ«∞O„`«}Ö’ LO_ç JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ `«QÆ∞æ`«∞Ok.
LÑ¨C qxÜ≥∂QÍxfl xÜ«∞O„uOKåe : KåÖÏ HÍÅOQÍ "≥·^Œº =~åæÖ’¡
™È_çÜ«∞O ÖË^• LÑ¨C J<Õk ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ ÃÑ~°QÆ_®xH˜ ^ÀÇ¨Ï^ŒÑ¨_»∞`«∞O^•
ÖË^• J<Õ^•x g∞^Œ `«~°˚# Éèí~°˚#Å∞ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞<åfl~Ú. W\©=Å [iy#
Ñïâ’^èŒ#Ö’¡ ™È_çÜ«∞O „Ñ¨ÉèÏ=O H˘O`«=∞Ok =º‰õΩÎÅ g∞^Œ ([<åÉèÏÖ’
30 âß`« O =∞Okg∞^Œ ) =∂„`« O QÆ } hÜ« ∞ OQÍ LO@∞O^Œ x ,
q∞QÆ`å"åig∞^Œ JO`«QÍ LO_»^Œx `ÕeOk. LÑ¨C‰õΩ „Ñüã¨ÊOkOKÕ
"åix ™êÖòìÃãxû\˜"£ =º‰õΩÎÅ∞QÍ K≥|∞`å~°∞. HÍQÍ, ™êÖòìÃãxû\˜q\©`À
ãÖ|O^èŒO ÖË‰õΩO_® ™È_çÜ«∞O#∞ ÉÏQÍ `«yæOz "å_»∞‰õΩ<Õ "åiÖ’ cÑ‘
=KÕÛ J=HÍâßÅ∞ `«‰Ωõ ¯=QÍ L#fl@∞¡ J^èºŒ Ü«∞<åÖ’¡ `ÕeOk. H˜_flô "åº^è∞Œ Å`À
ÉÏ^èŒÑ¨_Õ =º‰õΩÎÅ∞, ‰õΩ@∞O| Wu=$`«ÎO L#fl"å~°∞, 50 Uà◊√¡ ^•\˜#
"åiÖ’ LÑ¨C "å_»HõO „Ñü‰õÄÅ „Ñ¨ÉèÏ"åxfl K«∂Ñ≤ã¨∞ÎOk. LÑ¨C=Å¡ =ÚÑ¨C U~°Ê_»∞`«∞Ok HÍ|\˜ì ^•x
qxÜ≥∂QÍxfl `«yæOKåe. LÑ¨C#∞ ~ÀA‰õΩ XHõ \©ã¨∂Ê<£ "≥∂`å^Œ∞‰õΩ q∞Oz "å_»‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. JO>Ë, ~ÀA‰õΩ 2.4
„QÍ=ÚÅ‰õΩ q∞Oz ™È_çÜ«∞O#∞ "å_»‰õÄ_»^Œ#fl=∂@. LÑ¨C=Å¡ ã¨=∞ã¨º U~°Ê_ç<å, U~°Ê_»HõáÈ~Ú<å nxx
Ñïq∞`«OQÍ<Õ "å_»∞HÀ"åÅx PÜ«Úˆ~fi^Œ „áê=∂}˜Hõ „QÆO^äŒO K«~°HõãÖÇ≤Ï`« ¿Ñ~˘¯Ok. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ, =∞#O
~ÀA‰õΩ ^•^•Ñ¨Ù Ñ¨<≥flO_»∞„QÍ=ÚÅ LÑ¨C#∞ "å_»`å=Ú. J~Ú`Õ, âßs~°Hõ J=ã¨~åÅ#∞ ãïáÈÜÕ∞k =¸_»∞
„QÍ=ÚÅ∞ =∂„`«"∞Õ . JO>Ë, ^•^•Ñ¨Ù K≥OKå_»∞ =∂„`«"∞Õ ##fl=∂@. LÑ¨C#∞ xÜ«∞O„uOK«_®xH˜ H˘xfl ã¨∂K«#Å∞
áê\ÕKåe. =O@KÕ¿ã@Ñ¨C_»∞ LÑ¨C#∞ PÇ¨~° Ñ¨^•~å÷Å‰õΩ KÕ~°Û‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. LÑ¨C#∞ ZÑ¨C_»∞ KÕiÛ#Ñ¨Ê\˜H©
~°∞zÖ’ `Õ_® ~å^Œ∞ HÍ|\˜ì, LÑ¨C ÖË‰õΩO_® PÇ¨~åÅ#∞ `«Ü«∂~°∞KÕã≤, u#É’ÜÕ∞=ÚO^Œ∞ xs‚`« "≥∂`å^Œ∞Ö’¡
KÕiÛ`Õ ãïáÈ`«∞Ok. LÑ¨C J<Õk „áêÃããπ KÕã≤# PÇ¨~åÖ’¡ J`«ºkèHõ "≥Ú`åÎÖ’¡ LO@∞Ok. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ,
=∞#O >Ë|∞Öò =^ŒÌ "å_Õk "≥Ú`«ÎO LÑ¨C qxÜ≥∂QÆOÖ’ 15 âß`«O HÍQÍ áêºH± KÕã≤# PÇ¨~åÖ’¡ LO_Õk 85
âß`«O! XHõ"Õà◊ „áêÃããπ KÕã≤# PÇ¨~°Ñ¨^•~å÷Å#∞ "å_Õ=∂>ˇÿ`Õ ÖË|∞Öòû *Ï„QÆ`«ÎQÍ K«^Œ"åe. ™È_çÜ«∞O, HÍ=∞<£
™êÖòì =O\˜q `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl"å\˜x ZOK«∞HÀ"åe. H˘xfl ~°HÍÅ PÇ¨~°Ñ¨^•~å÷Ö’¡ ™È_çÜ«∞O J<Õk `≥eã≤#
~°∂áêÖ’¡ HÍ‰õΩO_® "≥∂<À™È_çÜ∞« O QÆ∞\¡ Ï"Õ∞\ò (J[<å"≥∂\’), _≥™· È_çÜ∞« O áê¿ãÊ\ò =O\˜ ~°∂áêÖ’¡ LO@∞Ok
HÍ|\˜ì g\˜HÀãÖ ÖË|∞Öò K«^Œ"åe. |OQÍàÏ^Œ∞OÑ¨Å zÑπû, q∞HõÛ~ü =O\˜ JÖÏÊÇ¨~åÖ’¡ JkèHõ "≥Ú`åÎÖ’¡ LÑ¨C
KÕ~°∞™êÎ~°∞ HÍ|\˜ì J@∞=O\˜q fã¨∞HÀ‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. xÅfiÑ¨K«Ûà◊¡Ö’ LÑ¨C JkèHõOQÍ LO@∞Ok HÍ|\˜ì "å\˜h
"å_»‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. ™ê^èŒº"≥∞ÿ#O`« =~°‰õÄ L_çHÕz `«Ü«∂~°∞KÕã≤# `å*Ï HÍÜ«∞QÆ∂~°Å#∞ fã¨∞HÀ"åe. PÇ¨~°Ñ¨Ù
~°∞zHÀãÖ LÑ¨C‰õΩ |^Œ∞Å∞QÍ Ñ¨Ùn#, H˘uÎg∞~°, x=∞‡~°ãÖ, JÅ¡O, "≥Å∞¡e¡, Le¡áêÜ«∞ =O\˜q "å_®e.
ÑÖ_»∞¡, ‰õÄ~°QÍÜ«∞Å∞, yO[Å∞, Ñ¨Ñ¨C ^è•#ºO =O\˜"å\˜Ö’ ™È_çÜ«∞O "≥∂`å^Œ∞ ã¨Ç¨Ï[OQÍ<Õ ÉÏQÍ `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ
13/20
LO@∞Ok HÍ|\˜ì W@∞=O\˜"å\˜x Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ "å_®e.
á⁄\Ï+≤Ü∞« O, HÍºe¬Ü∞« O, "≥∞wfl+≤Ü∞« O Hõey# Ñ¨^•~å÷Å#∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ fã¨∞HÀ"åe : á⁄\Ï+≤Ü∞« O J<Õk ™È_çÜ∞« O#∞
â◊s~°OÖ’ ¿Ñ~°∞‰õΩáÈ‰õΩO_® xÜ«∞O„uã¨∞OÎ @∞Ok. ™È_çÜ∞« O Hõey# Ñ¨^•~å÷Å∞ Hõey# PÇ¨~åÅ#∞ "å_Õ "åiÖ’
cÑ‘ ÃÑiy#Ñ¨C_»∞ á⁄\Ï+≤Ü«∞O Hõey# Ñ¨^•~å÷Å#∞ ã¨=∞$kÌQÍ fã¨∞‰õΩO>Ë cÑ≤ xÜ«∞O„`«}Ö’ LO@∞Ok.
™ê^è•~°} =º‰õΩÖÎ ’¡ ~ÀA‰õΩ 3500 q∞e¡„QÍ=ÚÅ á⁄\Ï+≤Ü∞« O J=ã¨~=° ∞=Ù`«∞Ok. J~°\ Ñ˜ O¨ _»∞,¡ Hõ=∞ÖÏÑ¶Ö¨ ÏÅ∞,
Ñ¨ÙK«ÛHÍÜ«∞Å∞, |OQÍàÏ^Œ∞OÑ¨Å∞, HÍºÔ~\òû, HÍºbÑ¶¨¡=~ü =O\˜ Ñ¨^•~å÷Ö’¡ á⁄\Ï+≤Ü«∞O ÃÇÏK«∞ÛQÍ LO@∞Ok.
JÖÏˆQ áêÅ∞, yO[ ^è•#ºO, z‰õΩ¯à◊√,¡ Ñ¨ÑC¨ Å∞ =O\˜"å\˜Ö’¡ ‰õÄ_® á⁄\Ï+≤Ü∞« O LO@∞Ok. JÖÏˆQ ÃãO· ^è=Œ Å=}O
J<Õ LÑ¨CÖ’ á⁄\Ï+≤Ü«∞O JkèHõ "≥Ú`åÎÖ’¡ LO@∞Ok.
á⁄\Ï+≤Ü«∞O "å_»HõO q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ XHõ q+¨Ü«∞O QÆ∞~°∞ÎOK«∞HÀ"åe. H˜_ôfl"åº^èŒ∞Å∞ Hõey# "åiÖ’ á⁄\Ï+≤Ü«∞O
qã¨~°˚# ã¨=∞™êº`«‡Hõ=∞=Ù`«∞Ok HÍ|\˜ì "≥·^Œº ã¨ÅÇ¨ "Õ∞~°‰õΩ =∂„`«"Õ∞ "å_»∞HÀ"åe.
HÍºe¬Ü«∞O J<Õk `«‰õΩ¯= "≥#fl Hõey# áêÅ L`«Ê`«∞ÎÖ’¡ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LO@∞Ok. "≥∞wfl+≤Ü«∞O J<Õk z‰õΩ¯à◊√¡,
|~îå}©Å∞, aÜ«∞ºO, |OQÍàÏ^Œ∞OÑ¨Å∞, J~°\ Ñ˜ O¨ _»∞ =O\˜"å\˜Ö’¡ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LO@∞Ok HÍ|\ì̃ g\˜x Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ
"å_»∞HÀ"åe. PÑ¶‘ã¨∞Ö’¡ q~å=∞ã¨=∞Ü«∂Ö’¡ HÍÑ¶‘, \©, ‰õÄÖò„_çOH±û |^Œ∞Å∞ "≥#flfã≤# áêÅ#∞ "å_ç`Õ =∞Ozk.
Ñ‘K«∞Ñ¨^•~å÷Å∞ ÉÏQÍ fã¨∞HÀ"åe : u<Õ PÇ¨~°OÖ’ Ñ‘K«∞Ñ¨^•~å÷Å∞ (ÃÑ¶·|~ü) `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ LO>Ë cÑ‘ ÃÑiˆQ
J=HÍâ◊O LO@∞Ok. J~Ú`Õ JO`«‰õΩ =ÚO^Õ JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ LO_ç LO>Ë, Ñ‘K«∞ Ñ¨^•~å÷Å∞ fã¨∞‰õΩ#flO`«
=∂„`å# `«Q^æÆ ∞Œ . JO>Ë Ñ‘K∞« Ñ¨^•~åúÅ<Õq ~°HáÎõ È@∞ ~å‰õΩO_® x~ÀkèOK«_®xH˜ `À_»Ê_»`å~Ú `«ÑÊ≤ `Õ `«yOæ K«_®xH˜
HÍ^Œ#fl=∂@.
ÃÑ¶·|~ü J<Õk "≥ÚHõ¯Ö’¡ =∂„`«"Õ∞ LO_Õ Ñ‘K«∞Ñ¨^•~°÷O† u#flÑ¨Ê\˜H©
â◊s~°O JiyOK«∞H˘x qxÜ≥∂yOK«∞HÀÖËxk. U^≥·# l_»∞¤ Ñ¨^•~°úO
=^ŒÅ#Ñ¨C_»∞ =∞#O H˘|ƒi Ñ‘K«∞`À ~°∞^Œ∞Ì`å=Ú K«∂âß~å?
r~å‚=Ü«∞"åÖ’¡ ÃÑ¶·|~ü ‰õÄ_® ^•^•Ñ¨Ù W^Õ Ñ¨xKÕã¨∞ÎOk. ¿ÑQÆ∞Å#∞
â◊√„ÉèíOQÍ LOK«@O`Àáê@∞ ~°HõÎOÖ’ K«ÔH¯~°#∞, H˘Öˇã¨ì~åÖò#∞
xÜ«∞O„`«}Ö’ LOK«∞`«∞Ok. g\xfl\˜ Ñ¶ë`«OQÍ JkèHõ |~°∞=Ù `«yæ
cÑ‘ ~å‰õΩO_® LO@∞Ok. ÃÑ¶·|~ü‰õΩ W`«~° LÑ¨Ü≥∂QÍÅ∞ ‰õÄ_®
L<åfl~Ú. L^•Ç¨~°}‰õΩ =∞Å|^ŒúHõO ~å‰õΩO_® ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞ Ñ¨_»∞`«∞Ok.
nx`À J~°≈"≥ÚÅÅ∞ `«Ü∂« ~°∞HÍ‰õΩO_® LO\Ï~Ú. ™ê^è•~°} âßs~°Hõ
J=ã¨~åÅ‰õΩ ~ÀA‰õΩ 20 – 35 „QÍ=ÚÅ Ñ‘K∞« Ñ¨^•~°Oú J=ã¨~=° ∞=Ù`«∞Ok. `«=Ù_»∞, QÀ^è∞Œ =∞ á⁄@∞ì, HÍÜ«∞QÆ∂~°ÅÃÑ·
`ÀÅ∞, ÑÖ_»¡Ö’x ÃÑH˜ì<£ =O\˜"å\˜Ö’¡ ÃÑ¶·|~ü LO@∞Ok.
"åºÜ«∂=∞O KÕÜ«∂e : "åºÜ«∂=∂Å∞ KÕÜ«∞x"åiÖ’ (KÕ¿ã"åi`À áÈe¿ãÎ) JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ HõxÑ≤OKÕ J=HÍâ◊O
20 #∞Oz 50 âß`«O Z‰õΩ¯=. QÍex Ñ‘Å∞Û‰õΩO@∂ KÕ¿ã Z~Ú~ÀaH± "åºÜ«∂=∂Å =Å¡ QÆ∞O_≥ â◊H˜Î=O`«"≥∞ÿ cÑ≤
xÜ«∞O„`«}Ö’H˜ =ã¨∞ÎOk. JÖÏˆQ "åºÜ«∂=∞O=Å¡ |~°∞=Ù `«QÆæ\O, =∞^èŒ∞"Õ∞Ç¨ÏO xÜ«∞O„`«}Ö’H˜ ~å=@O
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=O\˜q [iy Ñ¨~ÀHõΔOQÍ cÑ‘ `«QÆ∞æ`«∞Ok. cÑ‘H˜ ãÖ|OkèOz Z~Ú~ÀaH±û Jxflq^è•ÖÏ =∞Ozq.
QÆ∞O_≥ "ÕQÍxfl ÃÑOKÕ "åºÜ«∂=∂Å#∞ Z~Ú~ÀaH±û JO\Ï~°∞. g\˜=Å¡ "åºÜ«∂=∞O KÕã¨∞Î#flÑ¨C_»∞ <å_ç"ÕQÆO
ÃÑiy q∞QÆ`å ã¨=∞Ü«∂Ö’¡ ÉÏQÍ `«QÆ∞æ`«∞Ok. nxx "≥·^ŒºÑïÉèÏ+¨Ö’ HõO_ô+¨xOQ∑ JO\Ï~°∞. #_»=@O, *ÏyOQ∑
KÕÜ«∞@O, Ãã·H˜Öò `˘Hõ¯@O, _®º<£û KÕÜ«∞@O, D`«H˘@ì_»O W=hfl Z~Ú~ÀaH± "åºÜ«∂=∂ÖË. g\˜x
„Hõ=∞O`«Ñ¨Ê‰õΩO_® KÕ¿ãÎ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ HõhãÖ Ñ¨k áê~ÚO@∞¡ `«QÆ∞æ`«∞Ok. Z~Ú~ÀaH±û=Å¡ XHõ"Õà◊ |~°∞=Ù
`«QHæÆ áõ È~Ú#Ñ¨Ê\˜H© aÑ≤=∂„`«O xâ◊ÛÜ«∞OQÍ `«Q∞Æ `æ ∞« Ok. ~ÀA‰õΩ 45 x=ÚëêÅ#∞Oz QÆO@ =~°‰Äõ Z~Ú~ÀaH±û
KÕ¿ãÎ ãïáÈ`«∞Ok. XHõ"Õà◊ ~ÀE ‰õΩ^Œ~°HõáÈ`Õ "å~åxH˜ <åÅ∞ÔQ·^Œ∞ ~ÀAÅ∞ KÕã≤<å „Ñ¨Ü≥∂[#O HõxÑ≤ã¨∞ÎOk.
J~Ú`Õ, H˘xfl ~°HÍÅ ã¨=∞ã¨ºÅ∞ ÖË^• "åº^èŒ∞Å`À W|ƒOkÑ¨_»∞`«∞#fl"åiH˜ H˘xfl ~°HÍÅ "åºÜ«∂=∂Å∞ ÖË^•
ÉèíOy=∞Å∞ Ç≤Ï`«Hõ~°OQÍ LO_»=Ù Hõ#∞Hõ ã¨Ô~·# ã¨ÅÇ¨HÀãÖ "åºÜ«∂=∂Å#∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ@ìÉ’ÜÕ∞=ÚO^Œ∞ "≥·^Œ∞º_çfl
HõÅ=@O =ÚYºO.
=∞^ŒºO =∞OzkHÍ^Œ∞ : =∞^ŒºO=Å¡ cÑ‘ J^Œ∞Ñ¨Ù`«ÑC¨ `«∞Ok Hõ#∞Hõ =∂<ÕÜ∂« e. =∞^ŒºO QÆ∞O_≥ "ÕQÍxfl `å`å¯eHõOQÍ
ÃÑOK«∞`«∞Ok. nx`À ~°HõÎ<åàÏÖ’¡ XuÎ_ç ÃÑiy ~°HõÎáÈ@∞‰õΩ ^•ifã¨∞ÎOk. D =∞^èŒºHÍÅOÖ’ PÅ¯Ç¨Öò QÆ∞O_≥‰õΩ
=∞Oz^Œ<Õ „Ñ¨Kå~°O [~°∞QÆ∞`ÀOk. J~Ú`Õ, =∞^Œºáê#O`À J<ÕHõ ~°HÍÅ âßs~°H,õ =∂#ã≤Hõ ã¨=∞ã¨ºÅ∞ J#∞|OkèOz
LO\Ï~Ú HÍ|\˜ì nx=Å¡ [iˆQ =∞OzHõ<åfl K≥_Õ Z‰õΩ¯=.
^è∂Œ =∞áê<åxH˜ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ LO_®e : ^è∂Œ =∞áê<åxH˜ <Õ~∞° QÍ ~°HáÎõ È@∞`À
ãÖ|O^èŒO ÖË^Œ∞. J~Ú`Õ, QÆ∞O_≥[|∞ƒÅ∞, Ñ¨HõΔ"å`«O =O\˜ „áê}ÏO`«Hõ
"åº^è∞Œ Å∞#fl"åiÖ’ ^è∂Œ =∞áê#O=Å¡ WHõ¯@∞¡ Z^Œ∞~°=Ù`å~Ú. D "åº^è∞Œ Å‰õΩ
^èŒ∂=∞áê#O`À „Ñ¨`«ºHõΔOQÍ#∞, Ñ¨~ÀHõΔOQÍ#∞ ãÖ|O^èŒO LOk. ã≤yÔ~@¡
á⁄QÆÖ’ LO_Õ xHÀ\˜<£ ~°H<Îõ åàÏÖ’¡Ñe¨ ÉèÏQÍÖ’¡ ¿Ñ~°∞QÆ∞áÈ~Ú ^è=Œ ∞#∞Å∞
QÆ\ ˜ìÑ¨_»\ÏxH˜, ~°HõÎ<åàÏÅ∞ ãÖHÀzOK«_®xH˜ HÍ~°}=∞=Ù`«∞Ok. nx`À
cÑ‘ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. ^èŒ∂=∞áê<åxfl =∂#_»O=Å¡ L`«Ê#fl=∞ÜÕ∞º #~åÅ
ã¨=∞ã¨ºÅ#∞ J^Œ∞Ñ¨ÙKÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ PÜ«Úˆ~fi^ŒOÖ’ q+üO^Œ∞HõO =O\˜
=¸eHõÅ`À `«Ü«∂Ô~·# =∞O^Œ∞Å∞ J<ÕHõO L<åfl~Ú. g\˜x "≥·^Œºã¨ÅÇ¨
"Õ∞~°‰õΩ "å_»∞HÀ"åe.
^èŒ∂=∞áê#O JÅ"å@∞QÍ =∂i`Õ ^•xx =keOK«∞HÀ=\ÏxH˜ H˘xfl
Ñ¨^Œú`«∞Å∞ L<åfl~Ú. g∞ ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«Å‰õΩ, g∞ ‰õΩ@∞O| ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ‰õÄ g∞~°∞ ^èŒ∂=∞áê#O KÕÜ«∞_»O ÖË^Œ#fl ãÖQÆux
„Ñ¨H\õ O˜ K«O_ç. WO\’¡ ã≤y~Ô @¡#∞ LOK«HOõ _ç. ã≤y~Ô @¡#∞ QÆ∞~°∞KÎ ¿Õ ã Ü«∂+π„>ËÅ=O\˜ "å\˜x ‰õÄ_® Hõ#Ñ¨_x» =fi‰õΩO_ç.
ã≤y~Ô \ò `åQÍÅ<Õ HÀiHõ |bÜ«∞OQÍ L#flÑ¨C_»∞ `«‰Ωõ ¯= H˘=Ùfi, `«‰Ωõ ¯= fÑ≤ Hõey# QÆ\ ì˜ Ñ¨^•~å÷Å#∞ K«ÑÊ¨ iOK«@O
KÕÜ«∞O_ç. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ q∞O\ò`À `«Ü«∂Ô~·# ||∞ÖòQÆ"£∞ =O\˜q u#=K«∞Û. PÇ¨~°¿ã=# q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’
ã¨=∞Ü«∞áêÅ# áê\ÕKåe. PHõex ã≤y~Ô \òg∞^Œ HÀiHõQÍ J#fi~ÚOK«∞HÀ‰õÄ_»^∞Œ . ã≤y~Ô @∞¡ =∂<åÅO>Ë „Hõ=∞OQÍ
`«yæOK«∞‰õΩO@∂ "≥àÏ¡ÖË"≥∂ J#∞‰õΩO\Ï~°∞ KåÖÏ=∞Ok. HÍx, WÖÏ KÕÜ«∞@O=Å¡ JÅ"å@∞#∞ Z#fl\˜H©
=∞iÛáÈÖË~°∞. U^≥·<å XHõ ~ÀA#∞ x~°‚~ÚOK«∞H˘x P~ÀA#∞Oz Ñ¨ÓiÎQÍ =∂<ÕÜ«∞@"Õ∞ ã≤yÔ~@∞¡ =∂#_®xH˜
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L`«Î=∞"≥∞ÿ# Ñ¨^Œúu. XHõ"Õà◊ ZÑ¨C_≥·<å ã≤yÔ~\ò `åQÍÅ<Õ HÀiHõ |bÜ«∞OQÍ `«Ü«∂Ô~·`Õ XHõ x=Ú+Ö Py
=∞#ã¨∞#∞ "Õˆ~ Pã¨H˜ÎHõ~°"≥∞ÿ# "åºÑ¨HõO"≥·Ñ¨Ù =∞~°ÖÏÛe. g∞~°∞ ZO`« Ç¨Ï_®q_çQÍ L#flÑ¨Ê\˜H©, ZO`« fiHõ
ÖË‰õΩO_® QÆ_»∞Ñ¨Ù`«∞#flÑ¨Ê\˜H© ~ÀA "≥Ú`«ÎOÖ’ ZO`À H˘O`« ¿ãÑ¨Ù ¿ã^Œn~°\ÏxH˜ „Ñ¨Ü«∞uflOK«O_ç. XHõ"Õà◊
z~å‰õΩQÍ, =¸_ôQÍ, HÀÑÖQÍ LO>Ë =∞#ã¨∞#∂, â◊s~åhfl iÖÏH±û KÕ¿ã "åºÑ¨HÍÅ∞ KÕÑ¨@ìO_ç. |ÅOQÍ,
QÍ_èO» QÍ QÍeÑ‘ÅÛ_»O, HõO_»~åÖ’¡ XuÎ_ç `«Qˆ Öæ Ï =∞™ê*ò =O\˜q KÕ~ÚOK«∞HÀ=@O, XHõ „Ñ¨âßO`«"∞≥ #ÿ „Ñ¨^âÕ O◊ Ö’
L#fl@∞¡QÍ TÇ≤ÏOK«∞HÀ=@O (J`«`åfiaèx"Õâ◊O) =O\˜q J^èŒ∞ƒù`«"≥∞ÿ# q„âßOux W™êÎ~Ú. ã≤yÔ~@¡g∞^Œ
"≥zÛOz#"≥Ú`åÎxfl g∞‰õΩ =ºH˜ÎQÆ`«OQÍ W+¨ì"≥∞ÿ# Ñ¨xg∞^ŒQÍx ÖË^• P#O^•xfl WKÕÛ "åºÑ¨HõOg∞^ŒQÍx
qxÜ≥∂yOK«O_ç.
<˘Ñ≤Ê aà◊¡Å∞ Ü«∞^èÕK«ÛQÍ "å_»‰õÄ_»^Œ∞ : KåÖÏ =∞Ok H©à◊¡ <˘Ñ¨CÅ∞ =O\˜"å\˜H˜ n~°…HÍÅO áê@∞ <˘Ñ≤Ê aà◊¡Å∞
"å_»∞`«∞O\Ï~°∞. S|∞„áÈÑ¶<≤ ,£ WO_À"≥∞^ä•ã≤<,£ ÃÑ~· åH˜ûHõO =O\˜q "≥^· ºŒ ã¨ÅÇ¨ ÖË‰Ωõ O_® Ü«∞^èKÕ Û« QÍ "å_»‰Äõ _»^∞Œ .
XHõ"àÕ ◊ g\˜x n~°H… ÍÅO áê@∞ "å_Õ`Õ W`«~° z‰õΩ¯Å`À áê@∞ cÑ‘ ÃÑ~°Q@Æ OQÍx, ÖË^• cÑ‘x xÜ«∞O„uOK«_®xH˜
"å_Õ =∞O^Œ∞Å Ñ¨x`«#O `«QÆæ@OQÍx [~°QÆ=K«∞Û.
XuÎ_çx `«yæOK«∞HÀ"åe : =∂#ã≤HõOQÍ ÖË^• âßs~°HõOQÍ XuÎ_çH˜ Ö’<≥·#Ñ¨C_»∞ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. XuÎ_ç
ÃÑiy#Ñ¨C_»∞ â◊s~°O J^Œ#OQÍ Ñ¨xKÕÜ«∂eû LO@∞Ok. JO>Ë, QÆ∞O_≥ J^Œ#OQÍ Ñ¨xKÕã≤ ~°HÍÎxfl JkèHõOQÍ
„Ñ¨=Ç≤ÏOÑ¨KÕã¨∞ÎO^Œ#fl=∂@. nx`À ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ ™ê÷~Ú ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. x~°O`«~°=¸ XuÎà◊¡‰õΩ QÆ∞~°ÜÕ∞º "åiH˜ D
`«O`«∞ âßâ◊fi`« „Ñ¨„H˜Ü«∞QÍ =∂~°∞`«∞Ok. =∞^Œºáê#O, ^èŒ∂=∞áê#O, J=ã¨~åxH˜ q∞Oz u#_»O =O\˜ qq^èŒ
~°HÍÅ JÅ"å@∞¡ XuÎà◊¡#∞ =∞iO`«QÍ ÃÑOK«∞`å~Ú. XuÎ_ç=Å¡ "åºkè x~À^èŒHõ â◊H˜Î `«yæ J<ÕHõ~°HÍÅ "åº^èŒ∞Å∞
L`«Ê#fl=∞=Ù`å~Ú. HÍº#û~ü #∞Oz `«Å<˘Ñ¨CÅ =~°‰õÄ J<ÕHõ ~°HÍÅ ã¨=∞ã¨ºÅ∞ ˆH=ÅO XuÎà◊¡ HÍ~°}OQÍ
=ã¨∞Î#fl@∞¡ J^èŒºÜ«∞<åÖ’¡ `ÕeOk.
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XuÎà◊¡#∞ x~ÀkèOK«_®xH˜ J<ÕHõ ~°HÍÖˇ·# Ñ¨^Œú`«∞Å∞ L<åfl~Ú. „Hõ=∞O `«Ñ¨Ê‰õΩO_® KÕ¿ã "åºÜ«∂=∞O K«Hõ¯x
Ñ¶ë`åxã¨∞ÎOk. HõO_»~åÖ#∞ "åºHÀK«ÑïKÕ ^è•~°, JÉèíºOQÆ#O =O\˜ „áÈ„ÔQã≤"£ =∞lÖò iÖÏˆHû+¨<£ Ñ¨^Œú`«∞Å∞,
ÉèÏ"åf`« ^è•º#O, =∞~°‡zH˜`«û (PÜ«Úˆ~fikH± P‰õΩº„ÃÑ+¨~ü), Ç¨Ï~î°Ü≥∂QÆ=O\˜ J„^Œ=ºÉèí∂`« zH˜`«ûÅ∞ =∞Oz
=∂~°∞Ê#∞ `≥™êÎ~Ú.
J`«`åfiaèx"Õâ◊O (ÔQ·_≥_£ W"Õ∞[i) J<Õ Ñ¨^Œúk Q˘Ñ¨Ê iÖÏˆHû+¨<£ Wã¨∞ÎOk. â◊s~°O, =∞#ã¨∞ Ñ¨~°ã¨Ê~°O XHõ^•x
g∞^Œ =∞~À\˜ `«=∞ „Ñ¨ÉèÏ"åxfl „Ñ¨^Œi≈™êÎÜ«∞<Õk nx "≥#∞Hõ ã≤^•úO`«O. ÑÖK«*Ï˝<ÕO„kÜ«∂Å#∞ LÑ¨Ü≥∂yã¨∂Î
TÇ¨Ï#∞ *’_çOz ÖËx^•xx L#fl@∞¡QÍ J#∞ÉèíqOK«@O =Å¡ JO`«∞ÖËx „Ñ¨âßO`«`« KÕ‰õÄ~°∞`«∞Ok. nxH˜
L^•Ç¨Ï~°}, Hõ=∞ÖÏ Ñ¶¨ÖÏxfl `ÀÅ∞ =Å∞ã¨∞Î#fl@∞¡, ^•x "åã¨# Ñ‘Å∞ã¨∞Î#fl@∞¡, Hõ=∞ÖÏ Ñ¶¨ÅO `˘#Å#∞ <À\’¡
"Õã¨∞‰õΩO@∞#fl@∂¡ TÇ≤ÏOK«@O. WÖÏO\˜ TÇ¨ÏÅ HÍ~°}OQÍ x[OQÍ<Õ <À\’¡ ÖÏÖÏ[ÖO „ã¨qOK«@O
"≥Ú^ŒÅ=Ù`«∞Ok. XHõ TÇ¨Ñ¨Ói`«"≥∞ÿ# PÖ’K«# âßs~°HõOQÍ =∂~°∞ÊÅ#∞ fã¨∞‰õΩ~å=@O nxÖ’ Pã¨H˜Îx
HõeyOKÕ JOâ◊O. nxx P^è•~°O KÕã¨∞H˘x |Ü≥∂Ñ¶‘_£ÉÏºH± J<Õ "≥·^Œº „Ñ¨„H˜Ü«∞ ~°∂Ñ¨Ùk^Œ∞Ì‰õΩOk. D „Ñ¨„H˜Ü«∞Ö’
HõO_»~åÅ#∞ XHõ „Hõ=∞Ñ¨^ŒúuÖ’ ayOz =^Œ∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∞@O ^•fi~å, ~°HõÎOÖ’x XuÎ_çx `«yæ™êÎ~°∞. "≥·^Œ∞º_»∞ KÕ¿ã
ã¨∂K«#Å P^è•~°OQÍ#∞, ¢>ˇÿxOQ∑^•fi~å#∞ D zH˜`«û „Ñ¨„H˜Ü«∞ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
H˘=Ùfi Ñ¨^•~åúÅ∞ `«yOæ Kåe : cÑ‘ xÜ«∞O„`«}Ö’ LO_®ÅO>Ë H˘=Ùfi Ñ¨^•~å÷Å#∞, =ÚYºOQÍ ™ê^è•~°} LëÈ‚„QÆ`=« ^ŒÌ
Ñ¶¨∞xÉèíqOKÕ ™êK«∞ºˆ~>ˇ_£ H˘=Ùfi Ñ¨^•~å÷Å#∞ Ñ¨ÓiÎQÍ `«yæOKåe. H˘=Ùfi Ñ¨^•~°úO ~°HõÎ<åàÏÅ∞ Ñ¨Ó_»∞‰õΩáÈÜÕ∞ÖÏ
KÕã≤ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ ÃÑ~°QÆ_®xH˜ HÍ~°}=∞=Ù`«∞Ok. H˘=Ùfi Ñ¨^•~åúÅ#∞ J=ã¨~åxH˜ q∞Oz "å_»@O `«yæOKåe.
"ÕÑÙ¨ _»∞ ‰õÄ~°Å=O\˜q KÕÜ∂« Å<åfl, J@∞¡=O\˜q áÈÜ«∂Å<åfl <å<£ãHì≤ ± „Ñ¶~¨ ÚOQ∑ áêº<£Å∞ "å_®e. HÍÜ«∞QÆ∂~°Å#∞
#∂<≥Å‰õΩ |^Œ∞Å∞QÍ h\˜`À L_çHÕKåe. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ, |OQÍàÏ ^Œ∞OÑ¨Å#∞ #∂<≥Ö’ "Õ~ÚOK«‰õΩO_®
L_çHO˜ zQÍx, ÉËH± KÕãQ≤ Íx fã¨∞HÀ=K«∞Û. „Ñü Éè’[#O`À#∞ U^À XHõ ÑÖ_»∞#∞ ÖË^• HÍÜ«∞QÆ∂~°#∞ fã¨∞‰õΩO>Ë
#∂<≥Å#∞, H˘=Ùfi#∞ qxÜ≥∂yOKåeû# J=ã¨~O° `«Q∞Æ `æ ∞« Ok. PÑ¶ã‘ ∞¨ Ö’, q~å=∞ ã¨=∞Ü«∂Ö’¡ U^Œ<åfl JÖÏÊÇ¨~°O
u<åÅxÑ≤¿ãÎ ã‘[#ÖòQÍ ^˘iˆQ ÑÖ_»¡#∞ u<åe.
PÜ«Úˆ~fi^Œ zH˜`«û
JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞‰õΩ B+¨^èŒ zH˜`«û J=ã¨~°=∂ HÍ^• J<Õk qq^èŒ Ñïã≤÷`«∞Åg∞^Œ
P^è•~°Ñ¨_ç LO@∞Ok. "åºkè f„=`«, =∞^èŒ∞"Õ∞Ç¨ÏO, Ç¨~üìÃÑ¶~ÚÅ∂º~ü =O\˜
W`«~° "åº^è∞Œ Å „Ñ¨ÉÏè =O =O\˜"å\˜x |\˜ì zH˜`û« LO@∞Ok. JÖÏˆQ QÆ~ƒ° ^ù •è ~°}
`«k`«~° Ñïã≤÷`«∞Å#∞|\˜ì‰õÄ_® LO@∞Ok. r=# q^è•#OÖ’ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞
KÕã¨∞HÀ=@O, |~°∞=Ù `«QÆæ@O, ~ÀA"ås rq`åxfl „H˜Ü«∂jÅHõOQÍ#∂
K«∞~°∞‰õΩQÍ#∂ QÆ_»Ñ¨@O, ã¨=∞`«∞ÖÏÇ¨~°O fã¨∞HÀ=@O =O\˜q "≥Ú^Œ@
„Ñ¨Ü∞« uflOKåe. g\˜`À PtOz# ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ „Ñ¨Ü∂≥ [#O HõxÑ≤OK«Háõ È`Õ JÑ¨C_»∞
B+¨^èŒ zH˜`«ûQÆ∞iOz PÖ’zOKåe. H˘O`«=∞OkH˜ ˆH=ÅO rq#q^è•#OÖ’
=∂~°∞ÊÅ∞, KÕ~°∞ÊÅ`À ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ xÜ«∞O„`«}Ö’ LO>Ë =∞iH˘O`«=∞OkH˜ g\˜`À
áê@∞ =∞O^Œ∞Å∂ J=ã¨~°=∞=Ù`å~Ú. Uk U"≥∞ÿ#Ñ¨Ê\˜H© JkèHõ~°HõÎáÈ@∞‰õΩ
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n~°…HÍÅO áê@∞– WOHÍ K≥áêÊÅO>Ë rq`åO`«O xÜ«∞O„`«} J=ã¨~°=∞=Ù`«∞Ok. JkèHõ~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ J„â◊^Œú

KÕÜ∞« ‰õΩO_® xÜ«∞O„uOK«@O ^•fi~å Éèqí +¨º`«∞ÖÎ ’ ãÖÉèqí OK«É’ÜÕ∞ J<ÕHõ z‰õΩ¯Å#∞ x~ÀkèOK«=K«∞Û. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ
Ç¨~üìÃÑ¶~ÚÅ∂º~ü (QÆ∞O_≥ HõO_»~åÅ ÑÖÑ≤OQ∑ ™ê=∞~°úºO ^≥|ƒu#_»O), Hõ~À#i P~°ìs "åºkè (QÆ∞O_≥ HõO_»~åÅ‰õΩ
[iˆQ ~°HõÎã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å J_»∞¤‰õΩáÈ=@O), Ç¨~üìZ\ÏH± (QÆ∞O_≥ HõO_»~åÅ‰õΩ Ñ¨ÓiÎQÍ ~°HõÎã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å xezáÈ=@O),
Ziu‡Ü«∂ (QÆ∞O_≥ ã¨ÊO^Œ#Å∞ „Hõ=∞~°ÇÏ≤ `«OQÍ =∂~°@O), ¢™ÈìH± ("≥∞^Œ_∞» ‰õΩ ~°HãÎõ ~¨ Ñ° ~¨¶ å xezáÈ=@O), H˜_flô "åº^è∞Œ Å
=O\˜q ~å‰õΩO_® ÖË^• g\˜=Å¡ =∞~°}O ãÖÉèíqOK«‰õΩO_® x~ÀkèOK«=K«∞Û.
zH˜`åû Ü≥∂QÍÅ∞
• ÃÑ<Õfl~°∞ QÆ_»¤Å (Jâ◊fiQÆO^èŒ "Õ~°∞¡) K«∂~°‚O, `≥Å¡=∞kÌ K≥@∞ì Ñ¨@ì (J~°∞˚#) K«∂~°‚O, Ñ¨ÖË¡~°∞ HÍÜ«∞Å K«∂~°‚O
(QÀ‰õΔΩ~°) g\˜x ã¨=∂# ÉèÏQÍÅ∞ fã¨∞H˘x HõeÑ≤ xÅfi KÕã¨∞HÀ"åe. D q∞„â◊=∂xfl "≥∂`å^Œ∞‰õΩ Ô~O_»∞
\©ã¨∂Ê#∞¡ fã¨∞H˘x J~°HõÑ¨C "≥#fl fã≤# áêÅ‰õΩ KÕiÛ, QÍ¡ã¨∞ hà◊√¡ HõeÑ≤ áêÅ∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ q∞yÖËO`«=~°‰õÄ
=∞iyOz =_»áÈã¨∞H˘x `åQÍe. (nxx H©Δ~°áêHõ q^è•#O JO\Ï~°∞). Jâ◊fiQÆO^èŒ PO^Àà◊#∞ `«yæ¿ãÎ
`≥Å¡=∞kÌ QÆ∞O_≥ ™ê=∞~å÷ºxfl ÃÑOK«∞`«∞Ok. Ñ¨ÖË¡~°∞ =¸„`åxfl *Ïs KÕã≤ ~°HõÎÉèÏ~åxfl `«yæã¨∞ÎOk.
• áê`åà◊QÆ~°∞_ç "Õ~°∞ K«∂~°‚O (ã¨~°ÊQÆO^èŒ), [\Ï=∂Oã≤ "Õ~°∞ K«∂~°‚O, `«∞Åã≤ P‰õΩÅ á⁄_ç g\˜x ã¨=∂#
ÉèÏQÍÅ∞ fã¨∞H˘x xÅfiKÕã¨∞H˘x "≥∂`å^Œ∞‰õΩ J~°\ ©ã¨∂Ê<£ K˘Ñ¨C# `Õ<≥`åQÍx, J~°HõÑ¨Chà◊¡Ö’
HõÅ∞Ñ¨ÙH˘xQÍx fã¨∞HÀ"åe. ã¨~Ê° QÆO^èŒ ~°H<Îõ åàÏÅ QÀ_»Å#∞ "åºHÀK«Ñi¨ ¿ãÎ [\Ï=∂Oã≤, `«∞Åã≤ PO^Àà◊##∞,
XuÎ_çh `«yæ™êÎ~Ú.
• "≥Å∞¡e¡ =Ú^ŒÌ 60 „QÍ=ÚÅ∞, `«∞Åã≤ P‰õΩÅ K«∂~°‚O 20 „QÍ=ÚÅ∞, *ÏÑ¨„u K«∂~°‚O 60 „QÍ=ÚÅ∞ HõeÑ≤
2 b@~°¡ Ô~H˜ìÃÑ¶·_£ ã≤Êi\òÖ’ Ô~O_»∞ ~ÀAÅáê@∞ Tˆ~ã≤ LOKåe. `«~°∞"å`« =_»Hõ\ ˜ì ã‘™êÖ’ áÈã≤
xÅfiKÕã¨∞HÀ"åe. nxx "≥∂`å^Œ∞‰õΩ 5–10 K«∞Hõ¯Å K˘Ñ¨C# áêÑ¨Ù HõÑ¨C hà◊¡‰õΩ HõeÑ≤ ~ÀA‰õΩ 2 ™ê~°∞¡
18/20
K˘Ñ¨C# fã¨∞HÀ"åe.
• ‰õΩ~°™êx "å=Ú K«∂~°‚O 1 ÉèÏQÆO, Jâ◊fiQÆO^è• K«∂~°‚O 2 ÉèÏQÍÅ∞, [\Ï=∂Oã≤ "Õ~°∞ K«∂~°‚O 4
ÉèÏQÍÅ∞,..g\˜x HõeÑ≤ xÅfiKÕã¨∞HÀ"åe. nxx \©ã¨∂Ê<£ "≥∂`å^Œ∞QÍ QÍ¡ã¨∞ hà◊¡‰õΩ KÕiÛ áê=Ù QÍ¡ã¨∞
HõëêÜ«∞O q∞yÖËO`« =~°‰õÄ =∞iyOz H˘kÌQÍ Ñ¨\ ˜HõÉˇÅ¡O á⁄_çx HõÅ∞Ñ¨ÙH˘x `åy`Õ Hõ=∞‡QÍ x„^ŒÑ¨\ ˜ì
~°HõÎáÈ@∞ `«QÆ∞æ`«∞Ok.
~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ xÜ«∞O„uOK«_®xH˜ `À_»Ê_Õ =¸eHõÅ∞
g\˜ ™ê^è•~°} "≥∂`å^Œ∞ : K«∂~°‚O ´ 1–3 „QÍ=ÚÅ∞, ã¨fi~°ãÖ ´ 1–2 \©ã¨∂Ê#∞¡, HõëêÜ«∞O ´ J~°HõÑ¨C.
QÆ∞O_≥#∞ â◊H˜Î=O`«OKÕ¿ã =¸eHõÅ∞ (HÍi¤Ü≥∂\’xH±û) : =∂ˆ~_»∞ "Õ~°∞
Éˇ~°_»∞, Le¡áêÜ«∞, "≥Å∞¡e¡, "Õ~°∞â◊#QÆ á⁄@∞ì, q∞~°Ñ¨ ÑÖ_»∞, QÆ∞=∞‡_ç
yO[Å∞, HÍºÔ~\ò yO[Å∞, QÆ∞O@QÆÅQÆ~° "≥ÚHõ¯, =∞O^•~° Ñ¨Ù=Ùfi, QÆ<Õfl~°∞
(Hõ~g° ~°) P‰õΩÅ∂ "Õ~∞° ,¡ ã¨~Ê° QÆO^èŒ (áê`åà◊Q~Æ ∞° _ç) "Õ~∞° , ‰õΩO‰õΩ_»∞ HÍÜ«∞Å∞,
Lã≤i ÑÖ_»∞¡, `≥Å¡=∞kÌ Ñ¨@ì, Hõ~°HÍ¯Ü«∞Å∞, Ñ¨ÖË¡~°∞ HÍÜ«∞Å∞, JÅ¡O,
ÉÁáêÊ~Ú P‰õΩÅ∞, Jâ◊fiQÆO^èŒ ^Œ∞OÑ¨, `åxHÍÜ«∞.
H˘Öˇã¨ì~åÖòx `«yæOz `«^•fi~å ~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ `«yæOKÕ =¸eHõÅ∞ : =K«
(=ã¨ H˘=Ú‡), Le¡, "≥Å∞¡e¡, QÆ∞QÆ∞æÅ∞, \© P‰õΩÅ∞, HõÅ|O^Œ QÆ∞A˚,
Ñ¨Ù+¨¯~°=¸ÅO, =iá⁄@∞ì, c[™ê~° (ÃÑ^ÕyÌ ) Ñ¨@,ì Pe"£ #∂<≥, "≥∞O`«∞Å∞,
QÀ^èŒ∞=∞ "≥ÚÅ‰õÅ∞, Hõ`«Hõ (zÅ¡yO[Å∞), JÅ¡O, Ñ¨ã¨∞Ñ¨Ù.
=¸„`åxfl *ÏsKÕã≤ `«^•fi~å ~°HõÎáÈ@∞#∞ `«yæOKÕ =¸eHõÅ∞ : Ñ¨Ù#~°fl= (QÆe*Ë~°∞) "Õ~°∞, H˘|ƒi h~°∞, =~°∞}
(Leq∞i) Ñ¨@ì, QÆ∞=∞‡_ç yO[Å∞, ^ÀãÿO[Å∞, LÅ=Å∞, <ÕÅLã≤i "≥ÚHõ¯ ã¨=¸ÅO, KÀÑπzh =¸ÅO,
Ñ¨ÖË¡~°∞ HÍÜ«∞Å∞, uÑ¨ÊfQÆ, J`«ÎÑüÎ "≥ÚHõ¯, , JÅ¡O.
B+¨^è•Å∞
JkèHõ ~°HõÎáÈ@∞ ã¨=∞ã¨º‰õΩ ã¨=∞~°ú=O`«"≥∞ÿ# PÜ«Úˆ~fi^Œ B+¨^è•Å∞ J<ÕHõO L<åfl~Ú. ã¨=∞ã¨º f„=`«, =H˜ÎQÆ`«
„Ñ¨Hõ$u, W`«~° "åº^èŒ∞Å „Ñ¨ÉèÏ=O `«k`«~° JOâßÅ#∞ ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ LOK«∞H˘x B+¨^è•Å#∞ ã¨∂zOKåeû LO@∞Ok.
L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ ã¨~Ê° QÆO^è•Ñ¶∞¨ #=\˜(~°HÎõ <åàÏÖ’¡ XuÎ_xç ÖË^• PsìiÜ«∞Öò ÃÇÏ· Ñ¨~>ü #ˇ ¬x `«yãæ ∞¨ OÎ k), P~ÀQÆº=iúh=\˜
(HÍÖËÜ«∞OÖ’x XuÎ_çx ÖË^• áÈ~°ìÖò ÃÇ·ÏÑ¨~ü>ˇ#¬<£x `«yæã¨∞ÎOk), QÀ‰õΔΩ~åk QÆ∞QÆ∞æÅ∞ (=¸„`«Ñ≤O_®Å g∞^Œ
XuÎ_çx ÖË^• s#Öò ÃÇ·ÏÑ¨~ü>ˇ#¬x `«yæã¨∞ÎOk), ã¨fi~°‚ã¨g∞~°Ñ¨#flQÆ ~°ãÖ (TÑ≤i u`«∞ÎÖ’¡ XuÎ_çx ÖË^• Ñ¨Å‡#s
ÃÇ·ÏÑ¨~ü>ˇ#¬x `«yæã¨∞ÎOk.). QÆ∞O@QÆÅHõ~å‰õΩ ã¨=¸Å ã¨fi~°ãÖ (`«Å<˘Ñ≤Êx `«yæã¨∞ÎOk.). H©Δ~°|ÖÏ`≥·ÅO#∞
(101 P=~åÎÅ∞) (~°HõÎáÈ@∞ =Å¡ =KÕÛ `«Å<˘Ñ≤Ê `«QÆ∞æ`«∞Ok), ^èŒ#fiO`«~° QÆ∞\˜Hõ (`«Åu~°QÆ\Ïxfl `«yæã¨∞ÎOk),
"å`«‰Ωõ ÖÏO`«Hõ ~°ãO¨ =∂„`«Å∞ (`«Åu~°QÍ_®xfl `«yãæ ∞¨ OÎ k.), x„^À^ŒÜ∞« ~°ãO¨ =∂„`«Å∞ (x„^•ÅÊ`«#∞ `«yãæ ∞¨ OÎ k),
=ÚHÍÎÑ≤+≤ì á⁄_ç (x„^•~åÇ≤Ï`åºxfl `«yæã¨∞ÎOk), |$Ç¨Ï`ü"å`«zO`å=∞}˜ ~°ãÖ/ ~°ã¨~å[~°ãÖ/ Ü≥∂ˆQO„^Œ~°ãÖ
19/20
(Ñ¨HõΔ"å`«O =KÕÛ J=HÍâßÅ#∞, Öˇ·OyHõ|ÅÇ‘Ï#`«Å#∞ `«yæ™êÎ~Ú), <åQÍ~°∞˚<å„Éèí~°ãÖ / „Ñ¨ÉèÏHõ~°Ñ¨\ ˜ /
Ç¨Ï$^ŒÜ«∂~°‚=~°ãÖ =∂„`«Å∞ (QÆ∞O_≥ HõO_»~åÅ‰õΩ ~°HõÎã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å#∞ ÃÑOK«∞`å~Ú), Åâ◊√<åk=\˜ / K«O„^Œ„Ñ¨ÉèÏ=\˜
=∂„`«Å∞ (H˘Öˇã¨ì~åÖòx `«yæOK«@O ^•fi~å ^èŒ=∞#∞Å QÀ_»Å∞ QÆ\ ˜ìÑ¨_ç ÃÑà◊√ã¨∞QÍ =∂~°_®xfl x~Àkè™êÎ~Ú)
`«k`«~° B+¨^è•Å∞ D ã¨=∞ã¨ºÖ’ J`«ºO`« „Ñ¨ÉèÏ==O`«OQÍ LO\Ï~Ú. g\˜x J=ã¨~åxfl |\˜ì, Ñïã≤÷ux
J#∞ãïOz ã¨∂zOK«_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
QÆ=∞xHõ
D ã¨=∂Kå~°O J=QÍÇ¨Ï# HÀãÖ =∂„`«"Õ∞. "≥·^Œºã¨ÅÇ¨‰õΩQÍx ÖË^• "≥·^Œ∞º_çH˜QÍx „Ñ¨`åº=∂flÜ«∞O HÍ^Œ∞.
PÜ«Úˆ~fi^Œ "≥·^Œº q^è•#OÖ’ =∞<Àâ◊s~åÅ `Õ_®Å#∞ |\˜ì zH˜`«ûÅ∞, ã¨∂K«#Å∞ =∂~°∞`«∂ LO\Ï~Ú. JÖÏˆQ
zH˜`åû„Ñ¨}ÏoHõ ‰õÄ_® =ºH˜ÎQÆ`«OQÍ LO@∞Ok. Hõ#∞Hõ "≥·^Œº ã¨ÅÇ¨ `«Ñ¨Êxãï.
_®Hõì~ü z~°∞=∂q∞à◊¡ =Ú~°m =∞<ÀÇ¨Ï~ü, Z"£∞._ç. (PÜ«Úˆ~fi^Œ)
_®Hõì~ü z~°∞=∂q∞à◊¡ =Ú~°m =∞<ÀÇ¨Ï~ü *ÏfÜ«∞ ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ L`«Î=∞ PÜ«Úˆ~fi^Œ "≥·^Œ∞ºÅ∞QÍ
QÆ∞iÎOÑ¨Ù á⁄O^•~°∞. gi =Oâ◊OÖ’ DÜ«∞# =¸_À `«~åxH˜ K≥Ok# PÜ«Úˆ~fi^Œ
"≥^· ∞Œ ºÅ∞. `å`«Ü∞« º k=OQÆ`« z~°∞=∂q∞à◊¡ "≥OHõÜ∞« ºQÍ~°∞, `«O„_ç k=OQÆ`« z~°∞=∂q∞à◊¡
~°OQÍ~å=Ù „Ñ¨=ÚY PÜ«Úˆ~fi^Œ "≥·^Œ∞ºÅ∞. _®Hõì~ü =Ú~°m =∞<ÀÇ¨Ï~ü PÜ«Úˆ~fi^•xfl
J~Ú^Œ∞#fl~° Uà◊§áê@∞ JÉèíºã≤Oz, aÜÕ∞ºÜ«∞"≥∞‡ãπ _ç„w á⁄O^•~°∞. P `«~°∞"å`« =∞~À
=¸_Õà◊√§ K«kq ZO._ç. Ñ¨\Ïì á⁄O^•~°∞.
*ÏfÜ«∞ "≥·^Œº q^è•#"≥∞ÿ# PÜ«Úˆ~fi^•xfl „Ñ¨[Å =∞^èŒº‰õΩ fã¨∞‰õΩ "≥à◊§\ÏxH˜ L^Œºq∞OKå~°∞. D <ÕÑ¨^äŒºOÖ’
J<ÕHõ "åº™êÅ∞, Ñ¨Ùã¨ÎHÍÅ∂ ~åâß~°∞. gi WOw¡+¨μ Ñ¨Ùã¨ÎHÍÅ∞– U iÑ¶¨Ô~<£û ÔQ·_£ @∞ PÜ«Úˆ~fikH± „áêH©ìãπ (~°HõΔ
Ñä¡ˆH+¨<£û), PÜ«Úˆ~fi^Œ Ñ¶¨~ü PÖò (Ñ¨Ùã¨ÎH± =∞Ç¨ÏÖò Ñä¡ˆH+¨<£û) =O\˜q =∞Oz „Ñ¨*Ï^Œ~°} á⁄O^•~Ú. `≥Å∞QÆ∞Ö’
g~°∞ ~åã≤# PÜ«Ú~ˆ fi^Œ QÆ$Ç¨Ï zH˜`û« Å∞ (ÑäHˆ¡ +¨<û£ _çq[<£, ~°HΔõ PÜ«Ú~ˆ fikH± ÃãO@~ü), PÜ«Ú~ˆ fi^ŒO`À P~ÀQÆºO
(Z"≥∞™È¯ Ñä¡ˆH+¨<£û) J<Õq ‰õÄ_® =∞Oz q[Ü«∂xfl ™êkèOKå~Ú. JÖÏˆQ ˆ~_çÜ≥∂Ö’#∂, >ˇeq[<£Ö’#∞ gi
HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å∞ Ñ¨Å∞=∂~°∞¡ „Ñ¨™ê~°=∞Ü«∂º~Ú. „Ñ¨ã¨∞Î`«O gi HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å∞ r `≥Å∞QÆ∞ Kèå<≥Öò, ÉèíH˜Î\ ©q, g™êû
\©q `«k`«~° \©gKèå<≥à◊¡Ö’ ^è•~å"åÇ≤ÏHõOQÍ „Ñ¨™ê~°=∞=Ù`«∞<åfl~Ú.
QÀ¡|Öò ZHõ#q∞H± H“xûÖò (#∂º_çe)¡ _®Hõ~ì ü =Ú~°m=∞<ÀÇ¨Ï~ü‰Ωõ „ÃÑ_· £ PÑ¶π WO_çÜ∂« a~°∞^Œ∞#∞ WzÛ Q“~°qOzOk.
JÖÏˆQ, Ü«¸x=iû\© PÑ¶π ÃÇÏÖòÎ Ãã·<≥ûãπ J"å~ü¤ PÑ¶π P#~ü#∞, ~À\s Hõ¡Éò ~À@s XˆH+¨#Öò J"å~°∞¤#∞ WzÛ
ã¨`«¯iOKå~Ú.
_®II =Ú~°m =∞<ÀÇ¨Ï~ü ™ÈiÜ«∂ã≤ãπ, q\˜eQÀ, ~°∞=∞\Ï~Ú_£ P~°÷Ô~·\ ˜ãπ, _»Ü«∂a\˜ãπ, P™êÎ‡ =O\˜ J<ÕHõ
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Address
DR. CH. MURALI MANOHAR, M.D. (AYURVEDA)
RAKSHA AYURVEDIC CETRE
OPP. DIRECTORATE OF WOMEN DEVELOPMENT, YOUSUFGUDA MAIN ROAD,
AMEERPET, HYDERABAD - 500073.
PHONES: 040- 23742146, 9246575510
Website: www.muralimanohar.com; Email: muralimanoharch@hotmail.com

High Blood Pressure

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High Blood Pressure

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High Blood Pressure

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