Giving the Main Idea

I. Learning Objectives

 Give the main idea of a selection listened to

 Identify supporting details
 Role play some positive Filipino values

II. Subject Matter

a. Topic: Giving the main idea of a selection listened to

b. References: PELC I 1.2

The Filipino Values
Language Wonders 5 p. 158
Wind by the Sea 6, pp. 79, 89
Finding the Main Idea and Supporting Details Level G
by Julia Hall and Marian Leibowitz

c. Materials: Illustration of a Filipino wearing barong and salakot,

pictures showing Filipino values such as:
a. Makatao b. Maka-Diyos c. Magalang

Value Focus: Optimism/Concern for fellowmen

III. Procedure

A. Preparatory Activities

1. Motivation

a. Show a picture of a typical Filipino and ask them to write positive

qualities they can associate with the picture. Elicit as many answers
from the picture as possible.

respectful
charitable

helpful
good-natured
faithful

industrious
cheerful
 2. Motive Question

What are the positive values of the Filipinos that contribute to progress
in life?

Show pictures illustrating Filipino values such as:

a) respectful (magalang)
b) faith in God (maka-Diyos)
c) Love for fellowmen (maka-tao)

3. Unlocking of Difficulties

Ask the pupils to choose the meaning of the underlined words.

1) Kissing the hands of our parents and grandparents is a unique

tradition being practiced by Filipinos.

a. always b. one of a kind c. romantic

2) Donating foods, clothing and medicines to victims of calamities is

an act of charity.

a. generosity b. pity c. being proud

3) The citizens of all nations join hands in giving out donations to the
victims of the landslide in Leyte.

a. inhabitants b. migrants c. tourists

B. Development of Lesson

1. Presentation

Ask: What positive values do your family practice?

Read as the pupils listen to the following paragraphs about

Filipino values and identify the central or main idea. Explain that the
main idea is the key concept or the central topic in the paragraph. It
may be located in the beginning, middle or ending sentence of a
paragraph.
Tell them to take note of the supporting details that elaborate
the main idea.
The following paragraphs contain some values that help build a
strong citizenry and a peaceful progressive country.
 he is

and his

II

III

2. Discussion and Analysis

1) Addition Sentence:

The supporting details and the main idea can be represented

in addition sentence. Call on pupils to list the supporting details on
the board. Put a plus sign to add all the ideas. Then say, the main
idea is “The Filipino is a respectful person.”

Show to the pupils the addition sentence:

He respects parents, elders and people in authority.

+ He
He
says “po” every time situations demand it.
kisses the hands of his parents and grandparents.
He calls his elder brother and sister “Kuya or Ate.”
 The Filipino is a very respectful person.

1) Tree Diagram

Prove that the Filipino is a God-loving person. Justify your answer

by writing the support statements/ideas in this diagram.

A FILIPINO IS GOD-LOVING PERSON

He patterns his life in the He loves his neighbors

way God wants him to. because he loves God.

He prays for himself and He prays for his

for his family. fellowmen and for all
people.

He believes in one God.

2) Semantic Web

What is the main idea in the third paragraph?

Identify some words that support the main concept that Filipinos
are humane and concerned about people around him.

generous
helpful
cheerful Filipinos are good-
natured and concerned thoughtful
about their fellowmen.

charitable
fair
friendly
 3. Generalization

The main idea of a paragraph is stated in the topic sentence; it

is also a sentence that states the most important idea of a paragraph
or a selection. It tells about the topic of the paragraph and what the
paragraph says about the topic.

C. Post Activity

1. Application (Paired Work)

How do Filipinos working on shorelines cope with the changing

movement of water?
Listen to each passage. Working with a partner, write the main
idea and its supporting details.

a. Did you ever wonder how the moon affects the bodies of water on
earth? The moon’s gravitational pull lifts the sea like a wave. The water
rises very slowly because it is a very long moving wave. The wave’s
motion reaches to the bottom of the sea and to the shoreline. This
forward - and backward - moving wave is the tide. Whether the tide is
high or low, Filipinos continuously work for a living regardless of
whether the tide is high or low.

Main Idea:

Details:

b. The moon’s pull accounts for both high tides and low tides. The
moon pulls hardest on the part of the earth nearest it, lifting the water
on that part of the earth. The water bulges out toward the moon. When
the bulge is greatest, it is high tide. When the moon is on the horizon,
and the bulge is lowest, it is low, or ebb tide. The tide is a commonly
used symbol of life, for it continues to go in and out without stopping.

Main Idea:

Details:
2. Enrichment

How do computers affect the lives of many Filipino pupils? How

creative are they in getting information using the computers?
Read the passage and answer the questions.

Computers are one of the most incredible inventions of

this century as they have completely altered our daily lives.
They help us solve problems faster and in more efficient ways
than ever thought possible.

For instance, without computers, there would be no

space exploration. Scientists use computers to control
instruments, analyze data and help them conduct research.
In medicine, doctors use computers to help analyze test
results and diagnose illnesses. As a result, computers help
doctors save thousands of lives. For some people, learning
about computers can be confusing.

In education, computers are used to teach students

foreign languages, mathematics, sciences and many other
subjects. Students are tutored and drilled while they work on
the computer. The computer can even carry a dialogue with
the students.
 a. What is the main idea of the passage?
b. What are the supporting details in the passage?
c. What details in the passage are unnecessary?

3. Values Integration

How can we show that Filipino values live in our hearts?

(We can show that we internalize some Filipinos values through our
words, thoughts and acts in our everyday lives.)

IV. Evaluation

How do Filipinos care for their animals?

Direction: Listen to the paragraphs as the teacher reads them. Then encircle
the letter of the correct main idea on the given activity sheet.

Paragraph 1
The lion averages about eight to ten feet from the tip of the nose to the tip of
the tail, whereas the tiger exceeds that length by one or two feet. The
largest lions, found in the mountains of Russia near the Arctic Circle, weigh
about 500 pounds. Tigers often weigh 50 to 100 pounds more than these
lions.

a. Tigers and lions belong to the cat family.

b. Tigers are larger than the lions.
c. Lions are larger than the tigers.
d. Lions and tigers are of the same size.

Paragraph 2
Both the lion and the tiger hunt other animals for food. Having killed an
animal, they will devour it completely before hunting again. Neither of these
animals are attracted to people, and unless wounded or very old, both stay
away from humans.

a. Lions and tigers are alike in hunting for their food.

b. Lions and tigers differ in hunting for their food.
c. Lions and tigers eat fresh meat.
d. Lions and tigers do not kill and eat human beings.

Paragraph 3
Did you know that people are the primary enemies of these animals? Many
lion cubs die soon after birth because parasites attack them. Did you know
that there are ten races of African lions?

a. Lions have different races.

b. People are not friendly to the lion.
c. There are many other interesting facts about lions.
d. Lion cubs easily die after birth.

Paragraph 4
The ostrich stands seven to eight feet high. It may weigh up to 300 pounds.
Although it cannot fly, the speed at which it runs is remarkable. An ostrich
can outrun most of its enemies. Its speed may reach 40 miles an hour. Its
swift steps are twelve to fifteen feet long.

a. Ostriches cannot fly because of their weight.

b. A remarkable bird that cannot fly is the heavy, swift ostrich.
c. Ostriches are the biggest birds alive.
d. Ostriches are better faster than the other large animals.

Paragraph 5
In addition to great speed, the ostrich has excellent vision. The ostrich lays
large eggs. Each egg weighs approximately three pounds and its equal in
size to two dozen chicken eggs. That’s quite an omelet! One ostrich is
known to have lived seventy years.
 a. Ostrich is a bird that can’t fly.
b. Ostriches live long because they run fast.
c. Ostrich eggs are bigger than those of the chicken.
d. There are more interesting facts about ostrich.

V. Assignment

A news headline is the main idea of the article. Watch a newscast tonight
and write down five headlines and be able to share it to the class tomorrow.