DEVELOPMENT OF CEILING TILES USING MATTED COCONUT COIR AS

RAW MATERIAL AND POLYESTER RESIN AS BINDING MATERIAL

A Project Study

Presented to the Faculty of the

Civil Engineering Technology Department
College of Industrial Technology
Technological University of the Philippines
Ayala Blvd., Manila

by

RAVEN D. MEDALLA
JOHN JULIUS CESAR P. PASTOR
BOWEN M. TRANSFIGURACION

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Technology major in
Civil Engineering Technology

March 2019
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Technological Unsiversity of the Philippines

COLLEGE OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
Ayala Blvd., Ermita, Manila 1000
Telephone: (02)301-3001 loc. 201, Email Address: cit@tup.edu.ph

APPROVAL SHEET

The project study entitled “DEVELOPMENT OF CEILING TILES USING

MATTED COCONUT COIR AS RAW MATERIAL AND POLYESTER RESIN AS

BINDING MATERIAL.”, prepared and submitted by RAVEN D. MEDALLA, JOHN

JULIUS CESAR P. PASTOR and BOWEN M. TRANSFIGURACION in partial

fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Bachelor of Technology major in Civil

Engineering Technology, is hereby approved and accepted.

CHARLENE F. RICOPUERTO
Adviser

SAMUEL M. PACBA
Chairman

ARIEL A. DELA CRUZ RIGIE S. NUJALDA

Member Member

ARNOLFO G. ARCIBAL
Member

Approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Bachelor of

Technology major in Civil Engineering Technology.

MA. IAN P. DE LOS TRINOS

Dean, College of Industrial Technology
Date: ___________________________
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DEDICATION
This work was dedicated to those who inspires and continuous to believe that this

project was possible. Also, were dedicating this to those who support and see the best

possible outcome that may happen.

To the professors from the Civil Engineering Technology Department that help us

and share their knowledge to help the researchers from making this product possible. Also,

to their spontaneous advice to bring the work to its full potential.

To the families of the researchers that helped them financially to be able to proceed

in making their project and providing places to set up and make the product. Also, to

mention their tireless support to the researchers.

To the Almighty God that silently help us by giving us strength to surpass this

roadblock we must experience for us to graduate in college.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to thank those who helped them in making this project

possible for the completion of requirements in the subject Project Development.

To Prof. Charlene F. Ricopuerto for being their adviser; and for tirelessly helping

the researchers in their project development.

To Engr. Ariel A. Dela Cruz for his instructions on how to create a formal and

proper manuscript. Also, for his advice and techniques in doing the research properly and

sharing his knowledge in designing the project.

To Engr. Reynaldo O. Baarde, Mr. Mario Martinez and all the staff that helped

them while they’re in the Integrated Research and Training Center (IRTC) of the

Technological University of The Philippines.

To the rest of the panels, Prof. Samuel M. Pacba, Engr. Rigie S. Nujalda, and

Arnolfo G. Arcibal for their involvement in making this project possible through their

criticism, suggestions, and guidelines,

To their family and friends that share their thoughts about the project while it is being

developed and for their continuous support and encouragement. Also mentioning their

patience and inspirations they gave to the researchers.

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ABSTRACT
Coconut is massively produced by some countries like the Philippines where it is a big part
of their industry. In these times where the construction industry is having crisis in finding
raw materials on producing construction materials. The researcher thought that coconut
might help on giving raw materials that can be used to produce materials in construction
with a greater quality and cheap. That’s how they come up by using coconut coir as raw
material to ceiling tiles. For ceiling tiles maybe is ignored from some cases because they
have limited purposes in construction. But ceiling tiles gives so much for a building being
constructed. Like it reduces noise coming from the roof, maintain aesthetical value by
enhancing the appearance of your ceiling, and for reducing fire speed in spreading in case
of any fire related emergency. The researchers used three mix ratios for the coconut coir
and polyester resin for testing which mix ratio will pass all the test. They use 85% of
polyester resin and 15% of coconut coir in their first mixture then 80% polyester resin and
20% coconut coir in their second mixture, and 75% of polyester resin and 25% of coconut
coir. The product undergo test like, Modulus of Rupture, Face Screw, Internal Bond Test,
Water Absorption, and Thickness Swelling. The test results for the Thickness Swelling and
Water Absorption passed the standard from PNS which is 20% for Thickness Swelling and
40% for Water Absorption. The Face Screw test with the standard of 40kgf, the sample
mixture 15:85 have the highest result having 126.1kgf. The Internal Bond test were also
conducted with the standard of 3kg. The mix ratio of 15:85 has the highest test result of
8.74kg. The following test are conducted in the Technological University of the
Philippines-Manila (TUP-M) Integrated Research and Training Center. To maintain the
ceiling tiles’ aesthetical value the researchers, weave the coconut coir so it will create a
matted appearance that gives the user a native vibe in their place. The results shown and
discussed in the 4th chapter shows inconsistency however some of it also passed the average
of the Philippine National Standard. The researcher therefore concluded that these ceiling
tiles made from matted coconut coir and polyester resin does have a potential if improved.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARIES page

Title Page i

Approval Sheet ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgement iv

Abstract v

Table of Contents vi

List of Tables viii

List of Figures xi

Chapter 1 – INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study 1

Objectives of the Study 3

Scope and Limitations of the Study 3

Chapter 2 – CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Review of Related Literature and Studies 5

Conceptual Model of Study 15

Operational Definition of Terms 16

CHAPTER 3 – METHODOLOGY

Project Design 18

Project Development 19

Testing Procedure 22

Evaluation Procedure 26
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CHAPTER 4 – RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Project Description 28

Test Results 29

Project Capabilities and Limitation 32

Evaluation Results 33

CHAPTER 5 – SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSSION AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of Findings 35

Conclusions 35

Recommendations 36

REFERENCES 38

APPENDICES 40

RESEARCHERS’ PROFILE 58
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LIST OF TABLES

Table Title Page

1 Properties of Polyester Resin 10

2 PNS 230:1989. Specifications for particle boards 11

3 Mixed Design Coconut Coir Polyester Ceiling Tile 18

4 Likert Scale 26

5 Descriptive Interpretation of the Mean 27

6 Summary of Acceptability Evaluation 33

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Title Page

1 Example of Coconut 6

2 Example of Coconut Coir Fiber 6

3 Example of Acoustic Ceiling Tile 7

4 Physical & Mechanical Properties of Coconut Fiber 9

5 Polyester resin 10

6 Universal Testing Machine 14

7 Conceptual Model of the Study 15

8 Project Development of Coconut Coir Ceiling Tiles 19

9 Matted Coconut Coir Ceiling Tiles 28

10 Thickness Swelling and Water Absorption 29

11 Modulus of Rupture 30

12 Face Screw Holding Test 31

13 Internal Bond Test 32