Lesson Guide in Earth and Life Science

I. OBJECTIVES

A. Content Standards The Earth’s Internal Structure

Conduct a survey or design a study to assess the possible

B. Performance hydro-meteorological hazards that your community may
Standards experience.

At the end of the session, students are expected to:

1. Identify the layers of the earth (Crust, mantle, core).

C. Learning
Competencies/ 1.1 . Identify the different layers of the Earth
Objectives 1.2 . Compare and contrast the Earth’s crust, mantle, and
core including temperature, density, and composition.
1.3 . Appreciate the importance of these layers in sustaining
life on Earth

II. CONTENT LAYERS OF THE EARTH

III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References www.google.com
1. Teacher’s Guide
pages
2. Learner’s
Manual pages
3. Textbook pages
4. Additional
Materials from Power point presentation.
Learning
Resource (LR)
portal
B. Other Learning https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rQx2wLyagk4
Resources Journey to the center of the Earth

IV. PROCEDURES

A. Reviewing previous Review on the contributions of personalities/people on the

lesson or presenting understanding of the Earth system.
new lesson
(REVIEW) Let the students relate the previous lecture on the layers of the
Earth.

B. Establishing a Watch the movie trailer about “The Journey to the Center of the
purpose of the Earth. “
lesson
(MOTIVATION) Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rQx2wLyagk4

1
 Guide Question:

1. Identify characteristics that you think are true and those

you think are not true. Be prepared to share.
.

Activity:1
The students will divide into 5 groups. Each group will chooose
two materials specialists. Those people will need to prepere the
following:

 A plastic baggie which contains

graham crackers and sugar.
 A container of raspberry Jell-O
 A container of black cherry Jell-O
 A container of lemon Jell-O
 A spoon
 A bowl

Procedures:
1) First, students will need the plastic baggie containing graham
crackers and sugar. Break the graham crackers with the sugar in the
bag.
C. Presenting
Note:
examples/instances DO NOT POUND TOO HARD!
of the new lesson 2) After the graham crackers are broken up into crumbs, mix the butter
(PRE-ACTIVITY) in the baggie.
3) Now, take the graham crackers out and press the mixture on the
sides of the bowl to form the crust.
4) Now take the black cherry Jell-O and spoon it into the bowl that you
have put the crust in. Form it so there is a pocket in the middle left
open.
5) Take the lemon Jell-O and put it in the bowl where you left the
pocket, but make sure you leave a hole in the middle for your raspberry
Jell-O.
6) Finally, put the raspberry Jell-O in the center.

Guide Questions:
1. What have you observed?
2. Describe each layer.

Note: Teacher may use an Apple or Avocado fruit to illustrate the layers
of the Earth.

Present the subject on Layers of the Earth based on the following

categories:
1. Composition
2. Tempearture
D. Discussing new 3. Thickness
concepts and
practicing new skills Divide the class into three (3) groups. Students will complete the table
1 below on the Layers of the Earth.
(ACTIVITY PROPER)

2
 Attributes Crust Mantle Outer Inner Core
Core
Composition Rocky, sediments. It Semisolid, molten Made of iron and Solid ball of iron and
contains more silica rock. It flows very nickel, liquid (be nickel. It should be
than the mantle. slowly, like hot sure to stress that liquid, but because of
asphalt. This layer the outer core is the great pressure it
is made of oxygen, not made of is solid.
silicon, aluminum, water).
and magnesium.
870-3700 degrees
F.
Temperature The temperature of the 870-3700 3700-4300 4300-7200 degrees
crust of the Earth is the degrees F. degrees F. F.
same temperature as
the air. So, it might be
as hot as 35 °C in the
desert and below
freezing in Antarctica. If
you dig down, the
temperature goes up.
Thickness The crust is very thin, 2900 km thick. 200 km thick. 1250 km thick.
just 5-70 km.

Summary: As you dig down the temperature and pressure increases from the Crust to the Inner
Core. The thicker layer is the Mantle; the differences in density in the mantle cause it to flow
slowly forming convection currents. The upper Mantle is cooler than the lower Mantle. The Outer
Core is the only liquid layer of the Earth.

E. Discussing new
Analysis of Theories, Concepts and Principles
concepts and
1. What causes the thickness of the crust to vary?
practicing new skills
2. What is the primary composition of each layer?
2
3. How do each Earth's layers compare to each other?
(DEEPENING)
___________________________________________________

Group Activity: Earth’s Layers Model

Materials: Modelling Clay, String

Procedure: Make a model using the picture below as a

reference. Pay special attention to the color and thickness of the
layers. Add one layer at a time and keep the model in a ball
shape as you add each layer.
Once you are completely finished, use the fishing line to cut the
ball open to expose the layers.

F. Developing mastery
(POST-ACTIVITY)

Please see attached Rubric.

G. Finding practical The student will answer the following questions;
applications of
concepts and skills 1. What are the importance of earth’s layers in sustaining
in daily living life?

3
 (APPLICATION)

Based on the objectives stated previously, ask the following

H. Making
questions:
generalizations and
1) What are the layers of the Earth?
abstractions about
2) Differentiate the layers of the earth based on thickness,
the lesson
temperature and composition.
(GENERALIZATION)
3) Give the importance of the layers of the earth in sustaining
life?

I. Essay Question: Answer the following questions briefly.

1. Which layer of the Earth has the greatest temperature,

pressure, and density?
2. How each layer different from the other?

Rubrics:

(5 points) Exceptional – student responses far exceed what is

expected
(4 points) Excellent – information is factually accurate and offers
extra supporting facts.
(3 points) Good – The student somewhat responds beyond the
basic level of the question to provide supporting details and or
interpretation.
(2 points) Fair – student responses, although somewhat correct,
are lacking in relevant details and supporting examples and or
interpretation.
(1 point) Not Mastered - student responses are largely incorrect
I. Evaluating learning
(ASSESSMENT)
II. Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which layer of the Earth do we live on?

a. Inner Core b. Mantle c. Lithosphere d. Outer Core

2. Which layer is the hottest and is the innermost layer of Earth?

a. Inner Core b. Mantle c. Lithosphere d. Interior Core

3. Which layer is the thickest and right below the Lithosphere?

a. Inner Core b. Mantle c. Lithosphere d. Outer Core

4. Which layer surrounds the inner core and is made up of liquid

Nickel and Iron?

a. Exterior Core b. Mantle c. Lithosphere d. Outer Core

J. Additional activities Ask the students to make their own Model of the layers of the
for application or earth using indigenous materials..
remediation
(REMEDIAL) Please see attached rubric.