Electric Circuits and Networks 04/09/2018

Lecture 14: Parallel RLC network

Lecturer: Dr. Vinita Vasudevan Scribe: Pradeep

Assuming we know VC (0− ), IL (0− ), the s-domain circuit is as follows

1 iL (0− )
R sC sL CVc (0− ) s

Applying KCL at top node we get the following equation:

1 1 −iL (0− )
V (s)[ + + sC] = + CVC (0− )
R sL s

−
[CVC (0− ) − iL (0s ) ]
V (s) = sLR
R + sL + s2 RLC

−
h i
CVC (0− ) − iL (0s )
=  s 1 sLR

RLC s2 + RC + LC

−
[CVC (0− ) − iL (0s ) ]
V (s) = s 1 s
C[s2 + RC + LC ]

The natural frequencies are determined by the roots of the denominator polynomial

s 2
−1 2 1 1
s1 , s2 = ± −
2RC 2RC LC

1
α= → frequency; damping factor
2RC
1
w0 = √ ⇒ resonant frequency
LC
q
s1 , s2 = −α ± 2 α2 − w02

This gives us 3 cases:

Case1: α2 > w02

denominator has two distinct roots s1 , s2
s1 , s2 are real values

The solution will be of form A1 es1 t + A2 es2 t

1
 p
since
2
α2 − w02 < α
The solution is a exponentially decaying function, one time constant larger than the other.

It is an over damped situation.

Case2: α2 = w02
In this case denominator has two equal real roots.

s1 , s2 = −α
The solution will be of form A1 e−αt + A2 te−αt
It is a critically damped situation.

case3: α2 < w02

In this case the denominator has complex roots.
p
let wα = 2 w02 − α2
s1 , s2 = −α ± jwα

denominator = (s + α + jwα )(s + α − jwα )

= (S + α)2 + wα2

The solution will be of form e−αt [A1 cos(wα t) + A2 sin(wα t]

This is an under damped system.

w0
'Q' Quality factor =
2α

1
over damped; w0 < α =⇒ Q <
2
1
critically damped;w0 = α =⇒ Q =
2
1
under damped;w0 > α =⇒ Q >
2

R L C

For high quality factor, R should be large