POWER PERFORMANCE – POWER AT SEA LEVEL AND ALTITUDES

OBJECTIVES:

 To determine the power available by your designed aircraft at given altitudes.

 To determine the data for the thrust horsepower available and velocity curve.

POWER AVAILABLE:

The available power is given by the equation:

THPAV = BHP𝑥 𝜂p

Where:

BHP = Shaft Brake Horsepower

𝜂p = Propeller Efficiency

GIVEN:

BHP = 175hp
N = 2400rpm
𝜂p = 78%

SOLUTION:

At Level Flight,

THPAV= THPReqd = BHP𝑥 𝜂p

THPAV= THPReqd = 175hp𝑥 0.78%
THPAV= THPReqd = 136.5hp
  For Design Velocity, Vdes

Interpolate;

V THP
160.00 118.05
Vdes 136.5
170.00 138.1

𝑉𝑑𝑒𝑠 −𝑉1 𝑇𝐻𝑃𝑑𝑒𝑠 −𝑇𝐻𝑃1

=
𝑉2 −𝑉1 𝑇𝐻𝑃2 −𝑇𝐻𝑃1

𝑉𝑑𝑒𝑠 −170𝑚𝑝ℎ 136.5ℎ𝑝−118.05ℎ𝑝

=
180𝑚𝑝ℎ−190𝑚𝑝ℎ 138.1ℎ𝑝−118.05ℎ𝑝

136.5ℎ𝑝−118.05ℎ𝑝
𝑉𝑑𝑒𝑠 = [(
138.1ℎ𝑝−118.05ℎ𝑝
) (170𝑚𝑝ℎ − 160𝑚𝑝ℎ)] + 160𝑚𝑝ℎ

𝑽𝒅𝒆𝒔 = 169.25 mph = 248.2333 ft/s

 Power Speed Coefficient, Cs

5 5
Cs = √𝑁𝜌𝑉
2 𝐵𝐻𝑃

Where:

𝜌 = 0.002377slug/ft3
Vdes = 169.25mph = 248.2333 ft/s
N = 2400rpm = 40 rev/s
BHP = 175hp = 96250ftlb/s

ft
5 (0.002377slug/ft3)(248.2333 )5
Cs = √ rev 2 96250ftlb
s

(40 ) ( )
s s

Cs =1.71
 Blade Angle, β

@ Cs=1.71, 𝜂p = 78%, β = 19
  For Advance Ratio, J

@ Cs=1.71, β = 19, V/ND = 0.84

J = V/ND = 0.84
  Propeller Diameter,D

𝑉
D = 𝑁𝐽

Where:

V = 169.25mph = 248.233 ft/s

N = 2400rpm = 40 rev/s
J = 0.84

248.233 ft/s
D= 40𝑟𝑒𝑣
( )(0.84)
𝑠

D = 𝟕. 𝟑𝟗𝒇𝒕

 Altitude Factors

Altitude,h Altitude Factor

Ft Fig 44b Figg 55b
Sea Level 1 1
5000 0.8157 0.9965
10000 0.6641 0.9790
15000 0.5409 0.9500
20000 0.4321 0.9060
25000 0.3352 0.8450
Explanation of Table

1. V = Assigned
2. %Design V = (1) ÷ Design Speed
3. %Design N = obtained from Fig. 44a
4. N = (3) x Design N
5. BHP = (3) x Design BHP
𝑉 (1)𝑥 88
6. = (4)𝑥 𝐷
𝑁𝐷
𝑉 (6)
7. % V Design = 𝑉
𝑁𝐷 Design
𝑁𝐷

8. %Design ηp = obtained from fig. 55a

9. ηp = (8) x design ηp
10. THPAV = (5) x (9)
11. N = (4) x altitude factor (fig. 55b)
𝐵𝐻𝑃𝐷𝑒𝑠 𝑥(11)
12. BHP at reduced N = 𝑁𝐷𝐸𝑆

13. BHP = (12) x altitude factor (Fig. 44b)

𝑉 (1)𝑥 88
14. = (11)𝑥 𝐷
𝑁𝐷
𝑉 (16)
15. % V Design = 𝑉
𝑁𝐷 Design
𝑁𝐷

16. %Design ηp = obtained from fig. 55a

17. ηp = (16) x design ηp
18. THPAV = (13) x (17)
(19) to (26) @ h = 10,000 ft
(27) to (34) @ h = 15,000 ft
(35) to (42) @ h = 20,000 ft
(43) to (50) @ h = 25,000 ft
Power Available at Altitudes

Sea Level
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
V %design V % design N N BHP V/ND %design V N/d %design ηp η THPAv
mph % % rpm hp - % % % hp
60.00 0.35 0.86 2074.64 151.28 0.34 0.41 0.49 0.39 58.34
70.00 0.41 0.86 2074.37 151.26 0.40 0.48 0.58 0.45 68.60
80.00 0.47 0.87 2082.29 151.83 0.46 0.54 0.66 0.51 77.97
90.00 0.53 0.87 2092.34 152.57 0.51 0.61 0.73 0.57 86.68
100.00 0.59 0.88 2110.18 153.87 0.56 0.67 0.79 0.62 94.91
110.00 0.65 0.89 2135.45 155.71 0.61 0.73 0.85 0.66 102.76
120.00 0.71 0.90 2164.73 157.84 0.66 0.79 0.90 0.70 110.22
130.00 0.77 0.92 2199.29 160.36 0.70 0.84 0.94 0.73 117.00
140.00 0.83 0.93 2240.64 163.38 0.74 0.89 0.97 0.75 123.13
150.00 0.89 0.95 2289.46 166.94 0.78 0.93 0.99 0.77 128.44
160.00 0.95 0.98 2345.28 171.01 0.81 0.97 1.00 0.78 133.02
169.25 1.00 1.00 2400.00 175.00 0.84 1.00 1.00 0.78 136.50
 5000ft
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
%design V %design
N BHP @reduced N BHP V/ND η THPAv
N/d ηp
rpm hp hp - % % % hp
2067.38 150.75 122.96 0.35 0.41 0.50 0.39 47.67
2067.11 150.73 122.95 0.40 0.48 0.58 0.45 55.88
2075.00 151.30 123.42 0.46 0.55 0.66 0.52 63.59
2085.02 152.03 124.01 0.51 0.61 0.73 0.57 70.66
2102.79 153.33 125.07 0.57 0.67 0.79 0.62 77.34
2127.97 155.16 126.57 0.62 0.73 0.85 0.66 83.80
2157.15 157.29 128.30 0.66 0.79 0.90 0.70 89.84
2191.59 159.80 130.35 0.71 0.84 0.94 0.73 95.32
2232.80 162.81 132.80 0.75 0.89 0.97 0.75 100.25
2281.44 166.36 135.70 0.78 0.93 0.99 0.77 104.52
2337.07 170.41 139.00 0.82 0.97 1.00 0.78 108.20
2391.60 174.39 142.25 0.84 1.00 1.00 0.78 110.93
 10000ft
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
BHP @reduced %design V %design
N BHP V/ND η THPAv
N N/d ηp
rpm hp hp - % % % hp
2031.07 148.10 98.35 0.35 0.42 0.51 0.39 38.82
2030.81 148.08 98.34 0.41 0.49 0.59 0.46 45.53
2038.56 148.64 98.72 0.47 0.56 0.67 0.52 51.63
2048.40 149.36 99.19 0.52 0.62 0.74 0.58 57.39
2065.86 150.64 100.04 0.58 0.69 0.80 0.63 62.77
2090.60 152.44 101.24 0.63 0.75 0.86 0.67 67.96
2119.27 154.53 102.62 0.67 0.80 0.91 0.71 72.76
2153.10 157.00 104.26 0.72 0.86 0.95 0.74 77.08
2193.59 159.95 106.22 0.76 0.91 0.98 0.76 80.87
2241.38 163.43 108.54 0.80 0.95 0.99 0.77 84.07
2296.03 167.42 111.18 0.83 0.99 1.00 0.78 86.71
2349.60 171.33 113.78 0.86 1.02 1.00 0.78 88.54
 15000ft
27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
%design
N BHP @reduced N BHP V/ND %design V N/d η THPAv
ηp
rpm hp hp - % % % hp
1970.90 143.71 77.73 0.36 0.43 0.52 0.41 31.70
1970.65 143.69 77.72 0.42 0.50 0.61 0.48 37.06
1978.17 144.24 78.02 0.48 0.57 0.69 0.54 41.94
1987.73 144.94 78.40 0.54 0.64 0.76 0.59 46.54
2004.67 146.17 79.07 0.59 0.71 0.82 0.64 50.85
2028.68 147.92 80.01 0.65 0.77 0.88 0.69 54.98
2056.49 149.95 81.11 0.70 0.83 0.93 0.72 58.67
2089.32 152.35 82.40 0.74 0.88 0.96 0.75 61.96
2128.61 155.21 83.95 0.78 0.93 0.99 0.77 64.69
2174.98 158.59 85.78 0.82 0.98 1.00 0.78 66.84
2228.02 162.46 87.87 0.86 1.02 1.00 0.78 68.53
2280.00 166.25 89.92 0.88 1.05 0.99 0.77 69.30
 20000ft
35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
%design
N BHP @reduced N BHP V/ND %design V N/d ηp THPAv
ηp
rpm hp hp - % % % hp
1879.62 137.06 59.22 0.38 0.45 0.55 0.43 25.38
1879.38 137.04 59.21 0.44 0.53 0.64 0.50 29.52
1886.55 137.56 59.44 0.51 0.60 0.72 0.56 33.34
1895.66 138.23 59.73 0.57 0.67 0.79 0.62 36.89
1911.82 139.40 60.24 0.62 0.74 0.86 0.67 40.27
1934.72 141.07 60.96 0.68 0.81 0.91 0.71 43.33
1961.24 143.01 61.79 0.73 0.87 0.96 0.75 46.05
1992.55 145.29 62.78 0.78 0.93 0.98 0.77 48.23
2030.02 148.02 63.96 0.82 0.98 1.00 0.78 49.84
2074.25 151.25 65.35 0.86 1.03 1.00 0.78 50.82
2124.82 154.94 66.95 0.90 1.07 0.98 0.76 51.21
2174.40 158.55 68.51 0.93 1.10 0.96 0.75 51.10
 25000ft
43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
N BHP @reduced N BHP V/ND %design V N/d %design ηp ηp THPAv
rpm hp hp - % % % hp
1753.07 127.83 42.85 0.41 0.49 0.59 0.46 19.55
1752.84 127.81 42.84 0.48 0.57 0.68 0.53 22.78
1759.53 128.30 43.01 0.54 0.64 0.76 0.60 25.63
1768.03 128.92 43.21 0.61 0.72 0.84 0.65 28.27
1783.10 130.02 43.58 0.67 0.80 0.90 0.70 30.68
1804.45 131.57 44.10 0.73 0.86 0.95 0.74 32.78
1829.20 133.38 44.71 0.78 0.93 0.99 0.77 34.41
1858.40 135.51 45.42 0.83 0.99 1.00 0.78 35.43
1893.34 138.06 46.28 0.88 1.05 0.99 0.77 35.72
1934.59 141.06 47.28 0.92 1.10 0.96 0.75 35.41
1981.76 144.50 48.44 0.96 1.14 0.92 0.72 34.72
2028.00 147.88 49.57 0.99 1.18 0.88 0.68 33.92