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1.converter Transformer PDF
1.converter Transformer PDF
Design
active part
Valve Winding (Y) Tap Winding Valve Winding (D)
Line Winding
HV-Terminal
Neutral-Terminal
Simplified connection of
line windings and tap windings
Winding and core arrangement
Converter Xmer & Normal AC Xmer…..
• Polarity Reversal
• Voltage Distribution in Oil Barrier System
• Impedance variation influence
• On load Tap Changer
• Harmonic Currents
• Losses
• DC Magnetisation
• Short Circuit Forces
• DC Bushings
Under Polarity Reversal…..
- Transient DC voltages:
AC DC
Insulation Design
• When changing over from one tap to next, the current in the leaving
tap has to be broken during the normal current zero passage.
• Yoke shunts are used to contain and direct the above leakage
flux to core
results in -
high levels of vibration
increased sound level in transformers
marginal increase in no-load loss.
Short Circuit Forces….
• To avoid chances of phase to ground short circuits, valve side bushings are
located inside the valve hall. This also reduces the pollution related
flashovers and consequent short circuit.
Inverter mode
3
U d = − (1.35 • U • cos γ − ωL I d )
π
Overlap
2 ωL I d
cos(α + µ ) = cos α −
U
α + µ +γ =π
Converter Transformer
Tests
required acc. to IEC 60076-1, ~-3, IEC61378-2
routine
tests
meas of DC wind. res. IEC 60076-1, 10.2
meas. of voltage ratio and check of phase IEC 60076-1, 10.3
displacement
meas. of s/c imp. and load loss IEC 60076-1, 10.4
meas. of no load loss and current at fr and Ur IEC 60076-1, 10.5
dielectric routine tests (for IEC 60076-3
Um>300kV)
LI (for line & neutral, principal and extr. neg. Ut IEC 60076-3, cl.13 & 14
taps)
SI IEC 60076-3, cl.15
ACLD (AC long duration), sine wave>>fr, IEC 60076-3, cl.12.4
100%Utrms(60s)
seperate source AC (applied potential IEC 60076-3, cl.11
test)
seperate source DC volt. withstand incl IEC 601378-2, cl.10
PD meas.
polarity reversal test IEC 601378-2, cl.10
Tests
type
tests
temp.rise IEC 60076-2, also 5.2.3
test
dielectric type tests n.a., all tests are routine IEC 60076-3
tests
sound IEC 60076-10
power level
sound power level of cooling IEC 60076-10
equipment
special
tests
dielectric special tests (for Um>300kV) (to be agreed see routine tests IEC 60076-3
about)
ACSD (AC short duration), 1ph transformer: ph- gr only, 1-ph.: IEC 60076-3, cl.12.2 &
100%Utest for 60s U2=1.5*U 12.3
m/Wurzel
(3)