CE 524N/CE 523E – Special Topics in Civil Engineering

FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULICS ENGINEERING

Problem set 1

Situation 1: A rectangular container tilts when it is partially submerged in water. It has a width of 2.5 meters,
length of 7.8 meters, and depth of 1.4 meters. The draft before it tilts is 0.7 meters. The angle of tilt is 24.3
degrees. Assume rolling occurs.

1. Find the distance (m) from the Metacenter to the Center of Buoyancy.
[a] 7.98 [b] 1.05 [c] 0.82 [d] 0.068

Situation 2: An open cylindrical tank 30 cm in diameter and 80 cm high partially filled with water is rotated about
its vertical axis at a speed of 240 rpm.

2. What would be the depth (meters) of water in the tank if the cylindrical tank is brought to rest so that no
water will be spilled out? The water just touches the rim of the tank during rotation.
[a]0.96 [b]0.72 [c] 0.44 [d]0.52

3. At what speed (rpm) would it be rotated so that 1.4 liters of water will be spilled out?
[a]198 [b]246 [c] 92 [d]128

4. At what speed (rpm) would it be rotated so that the pressure at the center of the bottom of the tank is zero
and water just touches the rim of the tank during rotation?
[a]252 [b]469 [c] 803 [d]673

Situation 3: A gate 3 m high is 1.5 m wide is hinged at point B and rests against a smooth wall at A. Point A is
1.8 m vertically above B. If the total depth of sea water is 4.6 m. Unit weight of sea water is 10.06 kN/m3.See
Figure 4.

5. Compute the total hydrostatic force (kN) acting on the gate.

[a]258.2 [b]275.1 [c] 128.4 [d]167.5

6. Compute the location (m) of the center of pressure from B.

[a]1.38 [b]0.988 [c] 0.110 [d]0.0032

7. Compute the horizontal force (kN) exerted by the wall at A.

[a]305.9 [b]128.4 [c] 275.1 [d]258.2

Situation 4: An open cylindrical tank 2 m in diameter and 3.5 m high is 70% full of water. See Figure 1.

8. If the tank is rotated about its vertical axis, find the volume (m3) of the water spilled if the depth of the
water at the center and bottom of the tank is zero. The water just touches the rim of the tank during rotation.
[a] 2.2 [b] 7.7 [c] 11 [d] 5.9

9. If the tank is rotated about its vertical axis, find the volume (m3) of the water spilled if there is no water
at the bottom within a distance x from the center/vertical axis. Use x = 35 cm.
[a] 8.85 [b] 0.49 [c] 6.17 [d] 2.87

Situation 5: A gate is semi - circular in cross section (4.2 m in radius). It is hinged at point B and rests against
a smooth wall at A. Point A is 1.8 m vertically above B. Use specific weight of water = 9.81 kN/m3. See Figure
2. If the total depth of water is 6.8 m,

10. Compute the total hydrostatic force (kN) acting on the gate.
[a]2,998.5 [b]9,587.3 [c]582.1 [d] 1,641.3

11. Compute the location (m) of the center of pressure from B.

[a]1.47 [b]3.9 [c]3.52 [d] 2.56

Situation 6: A rectangular scow 12 m long, 7.2 m wide and 2.4 m high has its center of gravity 1.5 m above the
bottom. It carries a total load of 140 tonnes including its own weight in an upright position. See Figure 3.

12. If the scow is tilted at an angle of 11 degrees, determine the value of the weight (tonnes) that must be moved
at a distance of 2.4 m from the center line of the scow.
[a]21.45 [b]98.40 [c] 76.84 [d] 7.06

Situation 7: A rectangular container tilts when it is partially submerged in water. It has a width of 2.5 meters,
length of 7.8 meters, and depth of 1.4 meters. The draft before it tilts is 0.7 meters. The angle of tilt is 24.3
degrees. Assume rolling occurs.

13. Find the distance (m) from the Metacenter to the Center of Buoyancy.
[a] 7.98 [b] 1.05 [c] 0.82 [d] 0.068
Situation 8: A rectangular container tilts when it is partially submerged in water. It has a width of 2.5 meters,
length of 7.8 meters, and depth of 1.4 meters. The draft before it tilts is 0.7 meters. The angle of tilt is 24.3
degrees. Assume pitching occurs.

14. Find the distance (m) from the Metacenter to the Center of Buoyancy.
[a] 7.98 [b] 1.05 [c] 0.82 [d] 0.068

Situation 9: A gate is circular in cross section (1.0 m in diameter) and inclined at an angle of 60°. It is hinged
at point A and rests against a smooth wall at B. It can be raised by a vertical chain BC through a force F. See
Figure 5. Determine the following

15. Find the eccentricty (mm)

[a]0.085 [b]0.098 [c]0.002 [d] 0.012

16. Neglecting the weight of the circular gate and the chain, compute the force “F” (kN) required to open the gate
[a]34.1 [b]98.5 [c]125.7 [d] 85.2

17. Assume the weight of the chain is 900 N and the circular gate is 800 N, compute the force “F” (kN) required
to open the gate
[a]165.4 [b]99.7 [c]35.4 [d] 87.2

Situation 10: A square gate is 2 meters on each side. The gate is in an inclined position and holds water on one
side. The vertical distance from the center of gravity of the gate to the surface of the liquid is 2.5 meters.
Unit weight of water = 9.81 kN/m3.

18. Find the hydrostatic force (kN) on the gate

[a]105.2 [b]500.6 [c] 98.1 [d] 352.4

Situation 11: The Dam cross section shown holds water on its upstream side. See Figure 6. Use unit weight of water
= 9,790 N/m3. Use unit weight of concrete = 24.53 kN/m3.

19. Find the resultant vertical force (kN) in the Dam.

[a]17,037 [b]6,168 [c] 1,098 [d]14,695

20. Find the maximum pressure intensity (kPa) at the base

[a]222 [b]333 [c] 555 [d]999

21. Find the minimum pressure intensity (kPa) at the base

[a]361 [b]129 [c] 637 [d]440

Situation 12: An open cylindrical tank 40 cm in diameter and 95 cm high is partially filled with water. It is rotated
about its vertical axis at a speed of 200 revolutions per minute.

22. Find the volume (m^3) of the paraboloid during rotation so that no water will be spilled out
[a]0.088 [b]0.0559 [c] 0.093 [d]0.021

23. Find the depth (m) of water in the tank if it is brought to rest so that no water will be spilled out
[a]0.25 [b]0.21 [c] 0.78 [d] 0.51

24. At what speed (rpm) would it be rotated so that 1.8 liters of water will be spilled ou?
[a]202.8 [b]309.5 [c] 904.5 [d] 390.2

25. At what speed (rpm) would it be rotated so that the pressure at the center of the bottom of the tank is zero?
[a]101.9 [b]206.2 [c] 119.5 [d] 295.3

Situation 13: A closed cylindrical vessel, axis vertical, 4 m high and 1 m in diameter is just filled with water.

1. At what speed (rpm) must it be rotated about its axis in order to produce a total pressure of 50,000 kg against
the side wall?
[a]705 [b]354 [c] 250 [d]119

2. What intensity (kg/cm2) of hoop tension will be at mid-height if the metal side is 1.5 mm thick?
[a]99.3 [b]30.5 [c] 150.3 [d]178.2

Situation 14: A rectangular scow 20 meters long, 8 meters wide, 4 meters deep, weighs 100 tonnes. A cylindrical
tank is placed on its upper deck has a diameter of 3 m and weighs 40 tonnes. The tank is placed on a horizontal
position such that the center of gravity of the tank and the scow may be assumed at their centers of figure on
the same vertical line.

3. Determine the metacentric height (m) of this loading.

[a]2.56 [b]6.09 [c] 0.43 [d]3.53

Situation 15: A cylindrical tank having a diameter of 40 cm and 20 cm in height floats in mercury (SG = 13.6) in
a vertical position, its depth of immersion being 8 cm.

4. If water is now poured into the vessel over the mercury until the cylinder is submerged (partly in mercury
and partly in water), determine the depth (cm) of immersion in mercury.
[a] 12.56 [b] 9.05 [c]13.22 [d] 7.05

5. Then, in addition to that, determine also the depth (cm) of immersion in water
 [a] 7.44 [b] 10.95 [c]6.78 [d] 12.95

Situation 16: Mercury maintains the position shown in the rotating tube. See Figure 7

26. What is the rate of rotation (rad/sec) if g = 9.81 m/s2 and l = 2.7 m.
[a]0.95 [b]1.25 [c]0.058 [d] 5.32

Situation 17: The manometer is rotating as shown with its corresponding levels of water on both legs. See Figure
8

27. Determine the rate of rotation (rad/s) ω if l = 5 inches

[a]4.55 [b]0.98 [c]7.89 [d] 12.43

28. Then, if rotation is stopped, to what level (ft) will the mercury drop in the larger leg?
[a]0.0097 [b]0.167 [c]0.558 [d] 1.05
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Figure 1

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Figure 3

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Figure 8