MATHS

HOLIDAY
HOMEWORK
DIFFERENTIATION
 …CONTENTS…
Introduction
Basic Formulas Of Differentiation
Product Rule
Quotient Rule
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Examples
Chain Rule
Trigonometric Functions
Use Of Differentiation
 …INTRODUCTION…
 Differentiation is all about measuring change!
Measuring change in a linear function:

y = a + bx
a = intercept
 b = constant slope i.e. the impact of a unit change
in x on the level of y

y x  x0
B = x
= x  x0
Derivative = Slope of Tangent Line
…BASIC DIFFERENTIATION
RULES…
d
1. c  0  c is a constant 
dx
Ex f ( x )  5
f ( x )  0

2.
d n
dx
 
x  nx n1  n is a real number 

Ex f ( x)  x 7
f ( x)  7 x 6
 …CONTD…
d d
3.  cf ( x)   c  f ( x)   c is a constant 
dx dx
Ex f ( x )  3 x 8

 
. f ( x)  3 8 x7  24 x7

d d d
4. dx  f  x   g  x    dx  f ( x)  dx  g ( x) 

Ex f ( x)  7  x12
. f ( x)  0  12 x11  12 x11
 …PRODUCT RULE…
d d d
 f  x   g  x    f ( x) g ( x)   g ( x) f ( x)
dx dx dx

 In words, the derivative of a product of two

functions is the first function times the derivative
of the second plus the second function times of the
first.
…QUOTIENT RULE…
d d
d  f   
x  g ( x )
dx
 f ( x )   f ( x )
dx
 g ( x ) 
 
dx  g ( x)   g ( x) 2

 In words, the derivative of a quotient is the

denominator times the derivative of the
numerator minus the numerator times the
derivative of the denominator, all divided by
denominator squared.
 …EXAMPLES…
Product Rule Quotient Rule
 …CHAIN RULE…
If h( x)  g  f ( x)  then

h( x)  g   f ( x)   f ( x)

EG -

 The derivative of f(g(x)) is the derivative of the

outside function evaluated at the inside function
times the derivatives of inside function.
…TRIGONOMETRIC
FUNCTION…
 …USE OF DIFFERENTIATION
IN REAL LIFE…
 Differentiation is very important in many fields,
and has made great contributions in these fields,
which are still noticed nowadays.

 The differentiation of calculus have many real-

world applications from sports to engineering to
astronomy to math and space travel.
 …USES IN ECONOMICS AND
SCIENCE…
 Functions and derivatives of calculus are relate
to relevant concepts in economics.
 Economic research uses calculus functional
relationships, relation of income , market
prediction etc

 Isaac Newton developed the use of calculus in

his laws of motion and gravitation.
 Astronomical science deeply depend on calculus.

 Calculus is used to build tracks.

 …IN ENGINEERING AND
BIOLOGY…
 Calculus initially developed for better navigation
system.
 Engineers use calculus for building skyscrapers ,
bridges.
 In robotics calculus is used how robotic parts will
work on given command.

 Calculus is used for measuring growth rate of

bacteria and certain species.
 The concentration of drugs in a living organism
can be answered with calculus.
PPT by –
KUSHAL SANGAL
XI - A