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    This document provides an overview of organic chemistry concepts for an NMAT review. It defines organic compounds as containing carbon atoms, often with hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbon atom can form up to four single bonds. It describes the basic hydrocarbon structures of alkanes containing single carbon-carbon bonds, alkenes containing double bonds, and alkynes containing triple bonds. It also lists some common organic chemistry reactions like dehydrogenation, oxidation, and the production of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, ethers, and esters from organic precursor compounds. Aromatic compounds and the benzene ring are introduced, along with reduction, addition, and substitution reactions.

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    This document provides an overview of organic chemistry concepts for an NMAT review. It defines organic compounds as containing carbon atoms, often with hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbon atom can form up to four single bonds. It describes the basic hydrocarbon structures of alkanes containing single carbon-carbon bonds, alkenes containing double bonds, and alkynes containing triple bonds. It also lists some common organic chemistry reactions like dehydrogenation, oxidation, and the production of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, ethers, and esters from organic precursor compounds. Aromatic compounds and the benzene ring are introduced, along with reduction, addition, and substitution reactions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    13 views27 pages

    Review

    Uploaded by

    Tni Jolie
    This document provides an overview of organic chemistry concepts for an NMAT review. It defines organic compounds as containing carbon atoms, often with hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbon atom can form up to four single bonds. It describes the basic hydrocarbon structures of alkanes containing single carbon-carbon bonds, alkenes containing double bonds, and alkynes containing triple bonds. It also lists some common organic chemistry reactions like dehydrogenation, oxidation, and the production of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, ethers, and esters from organic precursor compounds. Aromatic compounds and the benzene ring are introduced, along with reduction, addition, and substitution reactions.

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    of 27

    ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

    A CRASH COURSE FOR NMAT REVIEW


    THE BASICS
    Organic Compounds
    • All contain carbon atoms
    • Most contain hydrogen atoms
    • Many contain oxygen and/or nitrogen atoms
    • Some contain halogens
    • Others contain sulfur, phosphorous, boron,
    aluminum, magnesium, etc.
    The Carbon Atom

    A carbon atom has 4 valence electrons (2s2 2p2)


    and can accept up to four single bonds.
    Alkanes
    • Hydrocarbons that are made up entirely of single C-C bonds.
    Alkenes
    • Hydrocarbons that contain double C-C bonds; also known as
    “olefins”
    Alkynes
    • Hydrocarbons that contain triple C-C bonds.
    Common Reactions and Organic Derivatives
    Dehydrogenation
    Oxidation
    Alcohols
    Dehydration
    Aldehyde/Ketone
    Oxidation Series
    Ethanol metabolism
    Carboxylic Acid
    Dehydration of Organic Compounds
    Dehydration of Organic Compounds
    Ether/Ester
    Aromatic Compounds
    The Benzene Ring
    Other Reactions
    Reduction Reaction
    Addition Reaction
    Substitution Reaction

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