Drafting Instruments - an instrument used by a draftsman in making drawings

 compass - drafting instrument used for drawing circles.

o A device used to determine geographic direction, usually consisting of a magnetic needle
or needles horizontally mounted or suspended and free to pivot until aligned with the
earth's magnetic field.
o Another device, such as a radio compass or a gyrocompass, used for determining
geographic direction.
o A V-shaped device for describing circles or circular arcs and for taking measurements,
consisting of a pair of rigid, end-hinged legs, one of which is equipped with a pen, pencil,
or other marker and the other with a sharp point providing a pivot about which the
drawing leg is turned. Also called pair of compasses.
 divider - a drafting instrument resembling a compass that is used for dividing lines into equal
segments or for transferring measurements
o One that divides, especially a screen or other partition.
o A device resembling a compass, used for dividing lines and transferring measurements.
 protractor - drafting instrument used to draw or measure angles
o A semicircular instrument for measuring and constructing angles.
o An instrument for measuring or drawing angles on paper, usually a flat semicircular
transparent plastic sheet graduated in degrees
 Triangle - any of various triangular drafting instruments used to draw straight lines at specified
angles
o a. The plane figure formed by connecting three points not in a straight line by straight line
segments; a three-sided polygon.
o b. Something shaped like such a figure: a triangle of land.
o 2. Any of various flat, three-sided drawing and drafting guides, used especially to draw
straight lines at specific angles.
 T-square - a square used by draftsmen to draw parallel lines
o A rule having a short, sometimes sliding, perpendicular crosspiece at one end, used by
drafters for establishing and drawing parallel lines.
o (Tools) a T-shaped ruler used in mechanical drawing, consisting of a short crosspiece,
which slides along the edge of the drawing board, and a long horizontal piece: used for
drawing horizontal lines and to support set squares when drawing vertical and inclined
lines

Instrumental Figures

Instrumental Figures are based on "Instrumental Drawing", or "Technical drawing", or simply

"Drafting". It is called "instrumental" because of how it extensively uses instruments to conjure a proper
drawing in technical standards. The main difference is that technical drawing is related to having a single
logical idea put in to it, while artistic drawing express multiple meaning and are subjectively interpreted.

Let's relate it with arithmetics and story-writing. Arithmetics is "technical" because everything appears to
have a proper answer. There will always be something right, and something wrong. Story-writing is
"artistic" because everything is subjective. Everything made through it could mean anything by any
persons' opinions. One would say this line stated by a person expresses anger, others would say it
expresses something more specific such as "effects of forlorn experience", et cetera.

That is why Instrumental Drawing requires excess use of instruments and not free hand. We have to make
sure that our drawing expresses only a single thought, that this drawing expresses a building with this size,
shape, this extraordinary detail, et cetera.

Mechanical Pencil

A mechanical pencil or propelling pencil also clutch pencil, is a pencil with a replaceable and mechanically
extendable solid pigment core called a "lead" /ˈlɛd/. The lead, often made of graphite, is not bonded to
the outer casing, and can be mechanically extended as its point is worn away. Other names include
automatic pencil, drafting pencil, technical pencil, click pencil,[citation needed] pump pen, pump pencil,
leadholder, pacer (Australian English), pen pencil (Indian English), and lead pencil (Bangladeshi and
American English).

Mechanical pencils are used to provide lines of constant width without sharpening in technical drawing
and in quick, neat writing. They have also been used for fine-art drawing. They are also popular with
students, since they do not have to be sharpened. Mechanical pencils were first used in the 18th century,
with many designs patented in the 19th and 20th centuries.

A technical pen

is a specialized instrument used by an engineer, architect, or drafter to make lines of constant width for
architectural, engineering, or technical drawings. "Rapidograph" is a trademarked name for one type of
technical pen. Technical pens use either a refillable ink reservoir (Isograph version) or a replaceable ink
cartridge.

Drafting board

The drawing board is an essential tool. Paper will be attached and kept straight and still, so that the
drawing can be done with accuracy. Generally, different kind of assistance rulers are used in drawing. The
drawing board is usually mounted to a floor pedestal in which the board turns to a different position, and
also its height can be adjustable. Smaller drawing boards are produced for table-top use. In the 18th and
19th centuries,drawing paper was dampened and then its edges glued to the drawing board. After drying
the paper would be flat and smooth. The completed drawing was then cut free.[4] Paper could also be
secured to the drawing board with drawing pins [5] or even C-clamps. More recent practice is to use self-
adhesive tape to secure paper to the board, including the sophisticated use of individualized adhesive
dots from a dispensing roll. Some drawing boards are magnetized, allowing paper to be held down by long
steel strips. Boards used for overlay drafting or animation may include registration pins or peg bars to
ensure alignment of multiple layers of drawing media.

French Curves
French curves are made of wood, plastic or celluloid. Some set squares also have these curves cut in the
middle. French curves are used for drawing curves which cannot be drawn with compasses. A faint
freehand curve is first drawn through the known points; the longest possible curve that coincides exactly
with the freehand curve is then found out from the French curves. Finally, a neat continuous curve is
drawn with the aid of the French curves.

a flat drafting instrument, usually consisting of a sheet of clear plastic, the edges of which are cut into
several scroll-like curves enabling a draftsperson to draw lines of varying curvature.

Pencil Pointer

A pencil pointer which comprises a base, a cylindrical cutter mounted on the base, a rotatable pencil
holder coaxial with the cutter and having a first guide means on said holder to guide the lead to a position
adjacent the cutter, and a second guide means rotatably mounted above said first guide means and having
a plurality of selectable openings of different diameters adapted to be rotated into registry with said first
guide means. The pointer includes a lead cleaner.

Eraser

one that erases; especially : a device (such as a piece of rubber or a felt pad) used to erase marks (as of
ink or chalk)

is an article of stationery that is used for removing writing from paper or skin. Erasers have a rubbery
consistency and come in a variety of shapes, sizes and colours. Some pencils have an eraser on one end.

Eraser Shield

a thin plate (as of metal or celluloid) with holes usually of several sizes used to confine an erasure to a
limited area

Ruler

A ruler is a tool used to measure and draw straight. Rulers are available in both metric and customary
units. Most commonly used rulers in classrooms is a ruler with centimeters on one side and inches on the
other.

Triangular Metric Scale

A triangular scale is a ruler that has a 3-lobed cross-section with 6 different types of scales on the edges
(2 on each face) used for measuring and preparing scale drawings such as blueprints and maps. It is also
called an architect's scale.
Technical lettering is the process of forming letters, numerals, and other characters in technical drawing.
It is used to describe, or provide detailed specifications for, an object. With the goals of legibility and
uniformity, styles are standardized, and lettering ability has little relationship to normal writing ability.
Engineering drawings use a Gothic sans-serif script, formed by a series of short strokes. Lower case letters
are rare in most drawings of machines.

Methods of forming letters

Freehand lettering is done without the assistance of tools. To regulate lettering height, commonly 3 mm
(⅛ in), guidelines are drawn.

Mechanical lettering is done using tools such as lettering guides, templates, or using a small mechanical
pantograph referred to by the Keuffel and Esser trademark "Leroy"

Modern drawings are lettered with computer-aided design software.