MEASURE OF CENTRAL TENDENCY

 Provides a very convenient way of describing a 3. Mode – value/scores that frequently occurs.
set of scores with a single number that In solving the mode of grouped data use the formula:
describes the performance of the group. 𝒅𝟏
𝒙 = 𝒍𝒃 + ( ) 𝒄𝒊
 It is also defined as a single value that is used to 𝒅𝟏 + 𝒅𝟐
describe the "center” of the data. Wherein:
GROUPED DATA – are the data or scores that are 𝒙 = mode value
arranged in a frequency distribution 𝒍𝒃 = lower boundary of Modal Class (MC)
FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION – is the arrangement of Modal Class a category containing the highest
scores according to category of classes frequency
𝒅𝟏 = difference between the frequency of the
1. MEAN – is the most commonly/frequently used, modal class and the lowest frequency
most reliable measure of central tendency, it is 𝒅𝟐 = difference between the frequency of the
also referred as the average. modal class and the second highest frequency
The Formula in solving the mean for group data 𝒄𝒊 = size of the class interval
𝚺𝒇𝑿𝒎
𝒙= STEPS IN SOLVING THE MODE OF THE GROUPED DATA
𝑵
Where 1. Find the Modal Class – with the highest
𝓧 = mean value frequency
𝒇 = frequency in each class or category 2. Identify the lower limit of the Modal class
𝑿𝒎 = midpoint/class mark of each class or category 3. Lower boundary
𝚺𝒇𝑿𝒎 = summation of the product of 𝑓𝑋𝑚 4. Solve for 𝑑1
𝐍 = population of the class or category 5. Solve for 𝑑2
6. Identify the 𝑐𝑖
STEPS IN SOLVING THE MEAN FOR GROUPED DATA 7. Solve for the mode using the formula.
1. Total the frequency to get the population of the
class/category
2. Find the midpoint/class mark using this formula
𝐿𝐿+𝐿𝑈
𝑋𝑚 = 2
3. Multiply the frequency and midpoint/class mark
4. Find the sum of the results in step 3
5. Solve the mean using the formula

2. MEDIAN – the exact midpoint of the score in

the distribution.
Formula in solving the Median for grouped data
𝒏
− 𝒄𝒇𝒑
𝒙 = 𝑳𝑩 + 𝟐 𝒄𝒊
𝒇𝒎
Where:
𝒙 = median value
𝑛
MC = Median class is a category containing the2
LB = lower boundary of the median class
𝒄𝒇𝒑 = cumulative frequency before the median
class
𝒇𝒎 = frequency of the median class
𝒄𝒊 = size of the class interval

STEPS IN SOLVING MEDIAN FOR GROUPED DATA

1. Complete the table for cf<
𝑛
2. Get 2 of the scores in the distribution so that you
can identify MC.
3. Determine the fm, LB, cfp, and ci
4. Solve the median using the formula.
The table shows the scores of 40 students in a math class consist of 60 items and they are tabulated below.
scores f Xm fXm d fd lb Cf<
10 – 14 5
15 – 19 2
20 – 24 3
25 – 29 5
30 – 34 2
35 – 39 9
40 – 44 6
45 – 49 3
50 – 54 5
N= ⅀fXm=

𝚺𝒇𝑿𝒎 𝒏 𝒅𝟏
− 𝒄𝒇𝒑
𝒙= 𝒙 = 𝑳𝑩 + 𝟐 𝒄𝒊 𝒙 = 𝒍𝒃 + ( ) 𝒄𝒊
𝑵 𝒇𝒎 𝒅𝟏 + 𝒅𝟐

Frequency distribution table of the number of years in experience of teachers in QNHS.

Number of f Xm fXm d fd lb Cf<
years
21 – 25 6
16 – 20 5
11 – 15 5
6 – 10 8
1–5 7
N= ⅀fXm=

𝚺𝒇𝑿𝒎 𝒏 𝒅𝟏
− 𝒄𝒇𝒑
𝒙= 𝒙 = 𝑳𝑩 + 𝟐 𝒄𝒊 𝒙 = 𝒍𝒃 + ( ) 𝒄𝒊
𝑵 𝒇𝒎 𝒅𝟏 + 𝒅𝟐
Frequency distribution table of the number of hours spent per week texting messages on a cell phone by grade 10
students at a local high school.
No. of 𝒇 Xm fXm d fd lb Cf<
hours
0–5 8
5 – 10 11
10 – 15 15
15 – 20 12
20 – 25 9
25 – 30 5
N= ⅀fXm=

𝚺𝒇𝑿𝒎 𝒏
− 𝒄𝒇𝒑
𝒅𝟏
𝒙= 𝒙 = 𝒍𝒃 + ( ) 𝒄𝒊
𝑵 𝒙 = 𝑳𝑩 + 𝟐 𝒄𝒊 𝒅𝟏 + 𝒅𝟐
𝒇𝒎

Frequency distribution table that represents the weight of all new born babies for the month of October
Weight in 𝒇 Xm fXm d fd lb Cf<
kg.
3–5 25
6–8 15
9 – 11 10
12 – 14 8
15 – 17 9
18 – 20 8
N= ⅀fXm=

𝚺𝒇𝑿𝒎 𝒏 𝒅𝟏
𝒙= − 𝒄𝒇𝒑
𝑵 𝒙 = 𝑳𝑩 + 𝟐 𝒄𝒊 𝒙 = 𝒍𝒃 + ( ) 𝒄𝒊
𝒇𝒎 𝒅𝟏 + 𝒅𝟐