DDS Answer Key PINK PACOP PDF

Philippine Association of Colleges of Pharmacy
PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS QUESTION
1. It is the process of comminution in which a paste is formed by combining the powder

material and a small amount of liquid in which the powder is insoluble.
I. levigation III. Spatulation
II. Pulverization by intervention
A. I only D. II and III
B. III only E. I, II and III
C. I and II
2. Powders containing deliquescent and hygroscopic materials should be wrapped in
what kind of paper?
I.Vegetable parchment III.Waxed paper
II.Glassine paper
B. III only E. I,II and III
C. I and II
3. This method is used when a small amount of potent substances is to be mixed
with a large amount of diluents.
A. Block and divide method C. geometric dilution E. trituration
B. Spatulation D. sifting
4. In preparing effervescent granulated salts, which of the following statement/s hold/s
true?
I. Effervescent granules can be prepared using two methods, the dry and
wet methods.
II. The effervcence from the released CO2 serves to mask the bitter or salty
taste of drugs.
III. Using tartaric acid as the sole acid would result in a sticky mixture which is
difficult to granulate.
A. I only C. I and II E. I, II and III
B. III only D. II and III
5. Which of the following powders can be classified as bulk powders?

I. Douche III. Insufflation
II. Dusting powder

C. I and II E. I, II and III
B. III only
6. The following statement/s hold/s true for capsules:

I. They are solid dosage forms in which material agents &/ or inert
substance are enclosed within a small shell of gelatin.
II. Gelatin capsules may be hard or soft depending on their composition.
III. Soft gelatin capsules are used by community pharmacist in the
extemporaneous compounding of prescriptions.
7. Normally how many % of water is contained in a hard gelatin capsule?
A. 8-10 C. 20-25 E.5-10
B. 12-16 D. 2-5
8. The largest size of hard, empty capsule that can be swallowed is :
A. 00 C. 00 E. 0
B. 000 D. 5
9. The following statement/s is/are true:
I. Gelatin is obtained by the partial hydrolysis of collagen obtained from the
skin, white connective tissue and bones of animals.
II. Although gelatin is insoluble in cold water, it does soften through the
absorption of up to ten times the weight of the water.
III. Gelatin is soluble in hot water and in warm gastric fluid; a gelatin capsule
rapidly dissolves and exposes its contents.
B. III only E. I, II and III
C. I and II
10. Prolonged exposure to high humidity can affect in vitro dissolution of capsules
containing:
I. tetracycline
II. Chloramphenicol
III. Nitrofurantoin
11. This chemical agent is used to render the capsule opaque:
A. titanium dioxide C. Magnesium oxide E. lactose
B. Sorbitol D. Silica
12. The following statement/s is/are true for soft gelatin capsules (SGC):
I. SGC is made of gelatin to which glycerin or a polyhydric alcohol has been
added.
II. Methyl parabens can be used as preservatives to retard microbial growth.
III.SCGs can be prepared using the “punch” method and also require opaquants
to reduce transparency and render characteristics feature to the capsule shell.
13. Types of liquids that may be encapsulated into soft gelatin capsules include the
following:
I. Vegetable and aromatic oils
II. Propylene glycol
III. Polyethylene glycols
14. Substances added to capsules must possess the following characteristic/s:
I. Are harmless in the quantities used
II. Do not exceed the minimum amounts required to provide their intended effect
III. Do not impair the product’s bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy or safety
15. These are compressed tablets coated with substances that resist dissolution in
gastric fluid but integrate in the intestine.
I. Film-coated tablets III. Enteric-coated tablets
II. Sugar-coated tablets
16. This type of coating imparts the same general characteristics as sugar coating with
the added advantage of greatly reduced time period required for the coating operation.
I. Enteric coating III. Film coating
II. Single-layer coating
17. These tablets were originally used by physicians in the extemporaneous preparation
of parenteral solutions.
I. Chewable tablets III. Hypodermic tablets
II. Dispensing tablets
18. Enteric-coated tablets have the following characteristic/s:
I. Have delayed-release features
II. The containing system used should only be aqueous-based and not organic-
solvent based to resist the breakdown in gastric fluids
III. Are intended to pass through the stomach intact to disintegrate and release their
drug-content for absorption along the intestines
A. I only C. I and III E. I, II and III
B. II & III D. III only
19. Example of materials used in enteric coating includes:
I. Shellac III. Polyvinyl acetate phthalate
II. Cellulose acetate phthalate
A. I only C. II only E. I, II and III
B. I and II D. II and III
20. The following statement/s is/are true for compressed tablets:

I. These are tablets formed by compression and may contain other special coating
if desired.
II. Tablet diameters and shapes are determined by the die and punches used in the
compression of the tablet.
III. They are made from powdered, crystalline or granular materials, alone or in
combination with binders, disintegrants, controlled-release polymers, lubricants,
diluents and colorants.
A. I only C. II only E. I, II and III
B. I and II D. II and III
21. This is a method of preparing tablets in which the powder mixture is compacted in
large pieces and subsequently broken down or sized into granules.
A. Wet granulation C. Direct compression
B. Dry granulation
22. For some granular chemicals like potassium chloride, this method of preparation is
of an advantage to use.
A. Wet granulation
B. Dry granulation
C. Direct compression
23. The problems most commonly encountered during direct compression include:
I. Capping III. Lamination
II. Splitting
A. I only D. III only
B. II and III E. I, II and III
C. I and III
24. For chemicals which do not possess cohesive and free-following properties, the
following excipients could be used to impart necessary qualities for the production of
tablets b direct compression.
I. Spray-dried lactose III. Fume silicon dioxide
II. Magnesium stearate
A. I only D. II only
B. I and II E. I, II and III
C. II and III
25. The following statement/s is/are true for wet granulation method:
I. Liquid binder is added to the powder mixture to facilitate the adhesion of the
powder particles
II. Over-wetting of the powder can result in granules that are too soft for proper
tableting and under-wetting can result in tablets that are too hard
III. Granules may be dried in thermostatically controlled ovens which constantly
record the time, temperature and humidity.
A. I only C. I & III E. I, II, III
B. I & II D. II & III
26. Lubricants contribute to the preparation of compressed tablets by:
I. Improving the flow of granulation in the hopper to die cavity
II. Preventing the adhesion of the tablet formulation to the punches and dies during
compression
III. Reducing friction between the tablet and die wall during the tablet’s ejection from
the tablet machine
A. I only B. I & II C. I & III
D. II & III E. I, II, III
27. A fluid-bed granulator performs which of the following steps?
I. Preblends the formulation powder, including active ingredients, fillers,

disintegrants, in a bed by fluidized air.
II. Granulates the mixture by spraying onto the fluidized powder bed, suitable liquid
binder, as an aqueous solution of acacia, hydroxypropyl cellulose or povidone
III. Drying the granulated product to the desired moisture content

28. Dry granulation:
Used for tablet
I. Ingredients that is sensitive to moisture or unable to withstand elevated
temperature during drying
II. One of the constituents, either the active ingredient or the diluents, must
have cohesive properties
III. Includes more number of steps than wet granulation

29. Aspirin, which is hydrolyzed on exposure to moisture, is prepared into tablet using
the dry granulation method. Other drugs which should be prepared using this process
include:
I. Ascorbic acid II. Methenamine III. Thiamine HCl
30. This process is a form of pelletization, which refers to the formation of spherical
particles from wet granulations.
A. Spheronization C. Compaction E. Double
B. Slugging D. Precompression compression
31. This method consists of bringing together a highly dispersed liquid and a sufficient
volume of hot air to produce evaporation and drying of the liquid droplets.
A. Spray drying C. Spray chilling E. Dry heating
B. Spray congealing D. Moist heating
32. Spray-dried powder particles possess the following characteristic/s:
I. They are homogenous, approximately spherical in shape and nearly uniform in
size.
II. Have low bulk density with rapid rate of solution
III. Preparation is less economical than other processes
A. I only B. III only C. I & II
33. This the only carbohydrate used in the preparation of compressed tablet which
possesses high heat stability.
A. lactose C. sucrose E. fructose
B. mannitol D. starch
34. The following statement/s is/are true used in the preparation of sugar-free chewable
tablets?
I. Mannitol is used as the excipient in most chewable tablets.
II. These tablets are formulated to disintegrate smoothly in the mouth with or
without active chewing.
III. These tablets are particularly useful for children and adults who have difficulty
swallowing other solid dosage forms
35. Which excipient/s is/are used in the preparation of sugar-free chewable tablets?
I. Lactose
II. Dextrose
III. Xylitol
A. I only C. I & II E. I, II, III
B. III only D. II & III
36. Tablet coating has the following advantage/s:
I. Protect the medicinal agent destructive exposure to air and/or humidity
II. Mask the unpleasant taste of the drug
III. Provide special characteristics of drug release
A. I only C. II & III E. I, II, III
B. I & II D. I & III
37. Film coated tablets possess the following characteristic/s:
I. Less resistant to destruction by abrasion than are sugar coated tablets
II. Coating may be colored to make tablets attractive and distinctive
III. Film-coating solutions may be non-aqueous or aqueous
A. I only C. II only E. III only
38. This substance provides water solubility or permeability to the film to ensure
penetration by body fluids and therapeutic availability of the drug.
A. alloying substance C. film former E. glossant
B. Plasticizer D. surfactant
39. Problems encountered on the use of aqueous based film coating solution include:
I. Slow evaporation of the solvent-based solutions
II. Expensive as compared to volatile solvents
III. Increased likelihood of water interference with the tablet formulation
A.I only C. I & III E. I, II, III
40. AQUACOAT is a commercially available water-based colloidal coating dispersion
which contains 30% ethyl cellulose pseudolatex. Pseudolatex dispersion has:
I. A high solid content for greater coating activity
II. Low viscosity which allows less water to be used in the coating dispersion
III. Low viscosity which permits greater coat penetration into the crevices of
monogrammed or scored tablets

41. This is a problem often encountered in film coating process characterized by
roughness of the tablet surface due to failure of spray droplets to coalesce.
A. peeling C. orange-peel effect E. bridging
B. picking D. mottling
42. This problem corresponds to the filling-in of the score line or indented logo on the
tablet by the film.
43. This problem is characterized by the appearance of small amounts of film fragments
flaking from the tablet surface.
44. The following statement/s is/are true for pills:
I. Are small, round, solid dosage form containing a medicinal agents and intended
to be administered orally
II. Have been replaced today by compressed tablets and capsules
III. Are placed in the mouth, where they dissolve slowly, liberating the active
ingredient
45. These are forms of oral medication which are discoid-shaped solids containing the
medicinal agent in a suitably flavored base.
I. Troches
II. Pastilles
III. Lozenges
46. The following drug is/are available in pellet forms:
I. Testosterone III. Desoxycorticoster
II. Estradiol one
47. This type of dosage form allows a reduction in dosing frequency to that presented
by a conventional dosage form.
A. Extended-release C. Repeat action E. Targeted release
B. Delayed-release D. Modified-release
48. This type dosage form is designed to release the drug form at a time other than
promptly after administration.
49. The following statement/s hold/s true for extended-release dosage forms:
I. There is reduction in drug blood level fluctuations.
II. There is frequency reduction in dosing
III. There is reduction in terms of adverse side effects.
A. I only C. II only E. I, II, III
50. In general, the drugs best suited for incorporation into an extended-release product
have the following characteristic/s:
I. Exhibit either very slow or very fast rates of absorption and excretion
II. Are uniformly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
III. Used in the treatment of acute rather than chronic conditions
A. I only C. II only E. III only
51. This is process by which solids, liquids or even gases may be encapsulated into
miscroscopic size particles through the formation of thin coating of “wall” material
around the substance being encapsulated.
I. Microencapsulation
II. Microscoencapsulation
III. Micromeritics

52. The following statement/s is/are true when embedding drug in inert plastic matrix:
I. The drug is granulated with an inert plastic material such as polyethylene and the
granulation is compressed into tablets
II. The drug is rapidly released from the inert plastic matrix by diffusion.
III. The compression of the tablet creates the matrix or plastic form that retains its
shape during the leaching of the drug and through its passage through the
alimentary tract.
53. The effectiveness of the hydrophilic matrix systems is based on the successive
processes of:
I. Hydration of the cellulose polymer
II. Gel formation on the polymer’s surface
III. Tablet erosion and subsequent and continuous release of the drug
54. Which of the following statement/s on drug release form the dosage form is correct:
I. The release of the drug in a drug-resin complex is dependent upon the pH of the
GIT only.
II. The release of the drug in a drug-resin complex is dependent upon the pH and
the electrolyte concentration in the GIT.
III. Release is less in the acidity of the stomach than in the less acidic environment
of the small intestines.
A. Only the first statement is true
B. Only the second statement is true
C. The first two statements are true
D. The last two statement are true
E. All the true
55. These tablets are prepared so that an initial dose of drug is released immediately
followed later by a second dose.
56. The following statement/s is/are true for ophthalmic inserts:
I. Eliminates the problem of rapid loss of administered drug due to the blinking of
the eye and flushing of lacrimal fluids
II. The rate of drug diffusions is controlled by the polymer composition, membrane
thickness, and solubility of the drug.
III. Ocusert and lacrisert are example of ophthalmic inserts
57. These are solid dosage forms which are designed to be inserted under the skin by
special injectors or by surgical incision.
A. Implants C. Plasters E. Troches
B. Cachets D. Pills
58. The following should be observed in the use of oral modified-release dosage forms:
I. These products should not be crushed or chewed.
II. Nonerodible plastic matrix shells and osmotic tablets remain intact throughout GI
transmit and empty shell or “ghost” from osmotic tablets may be seen in stool
III. Patients being fed by enteral nutrition through a nasogastric feeding tube should
not receive this type of drug.
59. The release of a drug from an oral dosage form may be intentionally delayed until it
reaches the intestines for several reasons. The purpose may be:
A. to protect the drug destroyed by gastric fluids
B. to reduce gastric distress caused by drugs particularly irritating to the stomach
C. to facilitate GI transit for drugs which are better absorbed from the intestines
D. A & B only
E. AOTA
60. It is the most common “wall” forming material used in microencapsulation.
A. lactose C. dextrose E. starch
B. gelatin D. sorbitol
61. The following statement/s is/are true for ointments:
I. These are semi-solid preparations intended for external application to the skin or
mucous membranes.
II. They may be medicated or nonmedicated
III. Nonmedicated ointments are used as protectants, emollients or lubricants.
B. I & II D. III only
62. The following statement/s is/are true for hydrocarbon bases:
I. Also termed as oleaginous bases
II. Have an emollient effect and are effective as occlusive dressing
III. Permit the incorporation of powdered substances with the use of a levigating
agent
63. Yellow ointment is an example of
A. Hydrocarbon base D. Water-removable
B. Oleaginous base base
C. Absorption base E. A& B
64. The following ointment base/s is/are classified as hydrocarbon base/s:
I. Petrolatum
II. White ointment
III. Polyethylene Glycol Ointment
65. Petrolatum, USP is:
A. A purified mixture of semi-solid hydrocarbons from petroleum that has been
wholly or nearly decolorized
B. Also known as Yellow ointment
C. Is also known as white Vaseline
D. Water-soluble
E. Water-washable
66. Yellow ointment USP is:
I. Also called as “Simple Ointment”
II. Has Yellow wax and petrolatum as the main ingredients
III. Bleached and purified wax obtained from the honeycomb of the bee, Apis
mellifera
67. The following statement/s is/are true for absorption bases:
These bases permit the incorporation of aqueous solution resulting in the formation of
water-in-oil emulsions
These bases are not easily removed from the skin with water
These bases may be used as emollient although they do not provide the degree of
occlusions afforded by hydrocarbon bases.
68. Hydrophilic petrolatum is:
A. Hydrocarbon base
B. Oleaginous base
C. Absorption base
D. Water-removable base
E. Water-soluble
69. Lanolin USP:
I. Is classified as hydrocarbon ointment base
II. Contains not more than 2% of water
III. Is a purified, wax-like substance that has been cleaned, deodorized and
decolorized
70. These are ointment bases which resemble creams in appearance.
A. Hydrocarbon base
B. Water-soluble base
C. Absorption base
E. Oleaginous base
71. The following statement/s is/are true for Hydrophilic Ointment USP:
I. When preparing, stearyl alcohol and white petrolatum are melted together at 90
degrees
II. Stearyl alcohol and white petrolatum comprise the oleaginous phase of the
emulsion
III. Sodium lauryl sulfate acts as the emulsifying agent
A. I only D. II & III
B. III only E. I, II, III
C. I & II
72. These ointment bases are referred to as “greaseless” bases.
A. Hydrocarbon base
C. Absorption base
E. Oleaginous base
73. Polyethylene glycol Ointment, NF is:
A. Hydrocarbon base
C. Absorption base
E. Oleaginous base
74. The following statement/s is/are true for ointment base:
I. Water-soluble bases have the ability to absorb serous discharges
II. Hydrocarbon bases can remain on the skin for prolonged periods of time without
drying out
III. Water-removable bases can also be called as water-soluble bases.
B. I & II D. II only
75. The following statement/s is/are true for the preparation of ointment using the
incorporation method
I. By this method, the components are mixed until a uniform preparation is attained
II. This method does not involved the process of levigating
III. Mortar and pestle or spatula may be used to rub the ingredients together on an
ointment slab
76. The following statement/s is/are true about levigation:
I. Levigation allows both reduction of particle size and the dispersion of the
substance in the vehicle.
II. Glycerin is the levigating agent used for bases where water is the external phase
III. The amount of levigating agent used should be about equal in volume to the solid
maerial.
77. The following statement/s is/are true for the preparation of ointments by fusion:
I. All or some of the components of an ointment are combined by being melted
together and cooled with constant stirring until congealed.
II. Heat-labile substances are added last when the temperature of the mixture is low
enough.
III. Medicated ointments containing beeswax, paraffin, stearyl alcohol are prepared
using this method.
78. These are semi-solid preparation containing one or more medicinal agents
dissolved or dispersed in either an oil-in-water emulsions or in another type of water-
washable base.
A. Creams C. paste E. lotion
B. gel D. ointments
79. The following statement/s is/are true:
I. Vanishing creams are water-in-oil emulsions containing small amounts of water.
II. Creams find primary application in topical skin products and in products used rectally
and vaginally
III.Ointments are preferred more by patients due to ease of spreadability
80. These are semi-solid systems consisting of dispersion of small or large molecules in
an aqueous liquid vehicle rendered jelly-like through the addition of a gelling agent.
A. Creams C. Gelatin E. Pastes
B. Gel D. Ointments
81. The following statement/s is/are true regarding gels:
I. Gels may thicken on standing, forming a thixotrope and must be shaken before
use.
II. Milk of magnesia is an example of a single-phase gel
III. Gels and jellies are two different terms
82. The following statement/s is/are true for pastes:
I. They generally contain a smaller proportion of solid material than ointments.
II. They are less greasy and less stiffer than their counterpart ointments due to
reduced amount of based used.
III. They remain in place after application and are effectively employed to absorb
serous secretions.
A. I only C. I&III E. I, II, III
B. I&II D. III only
83. Zinc oxide paste:
I. Can be applied to hairy parts of the body
II. Prepared by levigating and mixing 25% each of zinc oxide and starch with white
petrolatum
III. Also known as Lassar’s Plain Zinc Paste
A. I only C. I&III E. I, II
B. III only D. II&III
84. These are solid or semi-solid adhesive masses spread upon a backing material of
Paper, fabric, moleskin or plastic
A. Creams
B. Plasters
C. Paste
D. Ointments
E. Lotion
85. How many % of glycerin is contained in a glycerogelatin preparation?
A. 15% C. 40% E. 10%
B. 35% D. 5%
86. The following statement/s is/are true for glycerogelatins:
I. They are applied to the skin for long term residence
II. They are intended to be swallowed just like gelatin capsules
III. They are applied to the affected area with affine brush
87. Zinc Gelatin:
I. Jelly
II. Used to treat varicose ulcers
III. Glycerogelatin
88. The following statement/s is/are true for topical agents:
I. Pastes offer even greater occlusion and more effective than ointment at
absorbing serous discharge
II. Ointment spread more easily than creams.
III. These agents also include ophthalmic solutions, suspensions, and inserts.
A. I only B. III only C. I&III
D. II&III E. I, II, III
89. The ointment base selected for an ophthalmic ointment must possess the following
characteristic/s:
I. Non-irritating to the eye
II. Permits the diffusion of the medicinal substance throughout the secretions
bathing the eye
III. Have a softening point close to the body temperature
90. The use of ophthalmic ointments and gels offers the following advantage/s:
Provides extended residence time on the surface of the eye
Blurring of vision can be encountered
Increase the bioavailability for absorption into ocular tissues
91. The factor/s which play/s a part in percutaneous absorption is/are:
I. Molecular weight III. solubility
II. Partitioning coefficient
A.I only C. I&II E. I, II, III
B. II only D. II&III
92. The following statement/s is/are true about percutaneous absorption:
I. The amount of drug percutaneously absorbed per unit of surface area per time
interval increase as the concentration of the drug substance in the transdermal
drug delivery system is increased.
II. The hydration of the skin hinders percutaneous absorption
III. The longer the period of time the medicated application is permitted to remain in
contact with the skin, the greater will be the total drug absorption.
93. The following statement/s is/are true about percutaneous absorption:
I. Drugs penetrate through the skin better in their unionized form.
II. Non-polar drugs tend to cross the cell barrier through the lipid-rich regions
(transcellular route) whereas the polar drugs favor transport between cells
(intracellular)
III. More drugs are absorbed when the drug substance is applied and concentrated
on a smaller surface area.
94. The selection of a permeation enhancer in developing a TDDS should be based on:
I. Efficacy in enhancing skin permeation
II. Biocompatibility with other components
III. Physicochemical compatibility with other components
95. The design objectives of TDDS include:
I. To deliver the drug at an optimal rate of the skin for percutaneous absorption at
the therapeutic levels
II. To adhere well to the patient’s skin and have a patch-size, appearance and site-
placement that encourage patient acceptance
III. To occlude the skin to ensure the one-way flux of the drug into the stratum
corneum
96. Transdermal Drug Delivery System:
I. Avoids gastrointestinal drug absorption difficulties
II. Avoids the occurrence of contact dermatitis
III. Drug therapy cannot be terminated rapidly.
97. The following can be formulated as TDDS
I. Scopolamine
II. Nicotine
III. Clonidine
98. Which of the following statement should be considered in the use of TDDS?
I. Rotating locations within the recommended site should be avoided in the
application of replacement patches.
II. Wet or moist skin can hinder drug permeation beyond that which is intended
III. Use of skin lotions should be avoided at the application site because they affect
skin hydration and can also alter the partition coefficient between the drug in the
TDDS and the skin.
99. This layer functions to store and release the drug at the skin-site.
A. occlusive backing membrane
B. release-liner
C. matrix system
D. hydrophilic layer
E. Adhesive layer
100. TDDS offers the following advantage/s:
I. Avoid first-pass effect
II. Provide extended therapy with a single application
III. Non-invasive
101. The following statement/s hold/s true for suppositories:
I. They are solid dosage forms of various weights and shapes, usually medicated,
for insertion into the rectum, vagina, or urethra.
II. After insertion, they soften, melt, disperse or dissolve in the cavity fluids.
III. They are intended to exert local effects only.
102. Pessaries:
I. Usually globular or oviform and weighs 2g each when cocoa butter is the base
II. Employed principally to combat infections occurring in the female genitourinary
area
III. The most commonly used base consist of combination of the various molecular
weight PEG

103. Rectal suppositories:
I. Pediatric suppositories are more narrow and pencil-shaped than the typical
bullet-shaped adult suppository
II. Suppositories intended for female are about half the length and weight of the
male counterpart.
III. Have both local and systemic effects
A. I only C. I&II E. I, II, III
B. III only D. I&III
104. The following statement is/are true:
I. The dose of the drug administered rectally may be greater than or less than the
dose of the same drug given orally.
II. A rectum that is void offers greater absorption than a rectum distended with fecal
matter.
III. Lymphatic circulation is not involved in the absorption of rectally administered
drugs.

105. Rectal absorption is affected by both physiologic and physicochemical factors.
Physiologic factors would include:
I. pH
II. colonic contents
III. lack of buffering capacity
106. In choosing a suppository base, one needs to assess if:
I. The base remains solid at room temperature but softens, melts or dissolves
readily at body temperature
II. The active ingredient would be released more readily from the base
III. The base is compatible with the other components in all aspects

107. Glyceryl monopalmitate is an example of this type of suppository base.
A. Fatty base C. Water-soluble base E. Absorption base
B. Water-miscible base D. Miscellaneous base
108. This type of suppository base includes mixtures of fatty and water-soluble bases.
A. Fatty base
B. Water-miscible base D. Miscellaneous base
C. Water-soluble base E. Absorption base
109. Cocoa butter:
I. Because of triglyceride content, it exhibits marked polymorphism
II. Phenol and chloral hydrate can increase its melting point when incorporated with
it.
III. The β form has a greater stability and melting point.

110. This suppository base is the most frequently used for vaginal suppositories.
A. glycerinated glycerin
B. PEG
C. cocoa butter
D. polyoxyl 40
E. Wecobee base
111. the most frequently employed method in the preparation of suppositories both on
small scale and on industrial scale is:
A. molding C. hand rolling E. melting
B. compression D. hand shaping
112. Suppositories of which ointment bases are suitable for preparation by molding?
I. Cocoa butter
II. Glycerinated gelatin
III. PEG
113. In the preparation for compression into molds, the suppository base and other
formulative ingredients are combined by thorough mixing. Which of the following
statement/s hold/s true for this method?
I. Friction causes the base to soften into a paste like consistency.
II. Compression is suited for making suppositories containing medicinal substances
that are heat stable
III. Mortar and pestle can be used for small scale preparations.
114. The pharmacist should inform the patient about the proper use of suppositories.
This should include:
I. Suppositories should be allowed to warm to room temperature before insertion if
they are to be stored in a refrigerator.
II. Glycerinated gelatin or PEG suppositories should not be allowed to come in
contact with moisture in any case.
III. Bullet-shaped rectal suppositories should be inserted point-end first.

115. The packaging and storage of the suppositories is very important to prevent the
environment and moisture induced deterioration or loss of activity. The guidelines for
packing and storage should include:
I. Suppositories from cocoa butter base are usually individually wrapped or
otherwise separated in compartmentalized boxes.
II. Suppositories from cocoa butter base must be stored below 30◦C preferably in a
refrigerator.
III. Suppositories from PEG bases may be stored at usual room temperature without
the requirement for refrigeration.
116. Solutions are liquid preparations that contain one or more chemical substances
dissolved in a suitable solvent or mixture of mutually miscible solvents. Which of the
following solvents may be used in the preparation of solutions?
I. Alcohol USP III. Glycerin, USP
II. Propylene Glycol, USP
117. Next to water, alcohol is the most useful solvent in pharmacy. The following
statement/s is/are true for alcohol:
I. It is preferred often because of its miscibility with water and its ability to dissolve
many water-insoluble ingredients.
II. When alcohol is already used, propylene glycol should not be added anymore
because the two solvents are immiscible
III. Alcohol USP contains not less than 99.5% C2H5OH by volume.
118. Glycerin is a clear syrupy liquid with a sweet taste and may be used as a solvent
for the preparation of solutions. Other feature/s of this solvent is/are:
I. Miscible with water but not with alcohol
II. Has preservative qualities and is used as stabilizer
III. Solutes are slowly soluble in it unless rendered less viscous by heating
119. Ordinary drinking water obtained from tap is not generally acceptable for the
manufacture of most aqueous pharmaceutical preparations or for the extemporaneous
compounding of prescription mainly because of:
I. The chemical incompatibilities that may result from the combination of dissolved
solids present and the medicinal agent being added
II. Precipitation, discoloration and occasional effervescence
III. The difference between the use of purified and ordinary tap water is of no
consequence.
120. Purified water, USP:
I. Obtained by distillation, ion-exchange treatment, reverse osmosis or other
suitable process
II. Intended for use in the preparation of aqueous dosage forms other than
parenterals
III. 1000 times more free of dissolved solids than is water
121. The main methods used in the preparation of purified water are distillation and ion-
exchange. In distillation:
I. The first 5% of the aqueous distillate must be discarded
II. The last portion of the water about 100% of original volume, remaining in the
distillation apparatus must be discarded
III. Water purified in this manner is referred to as demineralized water
B. II only D. II & III
122. The ion-exchanged process involves the passage of water through a column of
cation and anion exchangers. As compared to the distillation process, this method:
I. Has simpler equipment and thus, permits case of operation
II. Eliminates the use of heat
III. Has costly and troublesome maintenance of equipment
A. I only D. II & III
B. I & II E. I, II, III
C. I & III
123. Water impurities like calcium and magnesium can be removed by:
A. ion-exchange
B. absorption
C. filtration
D. distillation
E. reverse osmosis
124. This method of preparing purified water removes virtually all virus, bacteria,
pyrogens, organic molecules and 90-99% of all ions.
I. Distillation
II. Ion-exchange
III. Reverse osmosis
A. I only C. III only E. I, II, III
125. Some chemicals are only slowly soluble and require an extended time for
dissolving. In this case, the pharmacist should employ:
I. Application of heat
II. Reduction of the particle of the solute
III. Rigorous agitation during the preparation
126. The following statement/s is/are true for the application of heat in the dissolution of
some chemicals in a particular solvent:
I. Many medicinal agents are destroyed at elevated temperature and the
advantage of rapid solution may be completely offset by deterioration.
II. Elevated temperatures cannot be maintained for pharmaceuticals and the net
effect of heat is simply an increase in solubility
III. Application of heat for calcium salts is highly recommendable.
127. Certain antibiotics which have insufficient stability in aqueous solutions are
available in dry powder mixtures ready for reconstitution. Example of these mixtures
would include:
I. Cloxacillin Na for oral solution
II. Oxacillin Na for oral solution
III. Penicillin V Potassium for oral solution
128. Magnesium Citrate Oral Solution is a colorless to slightly yellow, clear, effervescent
liquid having a sweet, acidulous taste and lemon flavor. Which of the following
statement is/are correct regarding its preparation?
I. In carbonating the solution the bicarbonate may be added in tablet form rather
than as a powder.
II. Magnesium carbonate is reacted with excess citric acid.
III. It is required to contain an amount of magnesium citrate equivalent to
between 1.55 and 1.9 g MgO in each 100 mL
129. These are concentrated, aqueous preparations of a sugar or a sugar-substitute
with or without added flavoring agents and medicinal substances.
I. Syrups
II. Honeys
III. Juice
130. Most syrup contains the following component/s.
I. Flavorants
II. Colorants
III. Antimicrobial preservatives
131. Syrups are useful as diluting agents for water-soluble drugs and act as both
solvent and flavoring agents. Which medicated syrup can be used to disguise the taste
of urea?
I. Acacia syrup
II. Glycyrrhiza Syrup
III. Aromatic Eriodyctyon Syrup
B. II only D. I & III
132. Most syrup contains a high proportion of sucrose, usually 60-80%. Which of the
following statement/s hold/d true?
I. Sucrose is used because of its desirable sweetness and viscosity of such
solutions
II. The aqueous sugar medium of dilute sucrose solution is an efficient nutrient
medium for the growth of microorganisms.
III. Concentrated sugar solutions may no longer require addition of preservatives.
133. Syrup, NF:
I. Simple syrup
II. Prepared by dissolving 85g of sucrose in enough purified water to make 100 ml
III. Has a specific gravity of 1.313
134. The amount of preservative required to protect syrup against microbial growth
varies with the proportion of water available for growth. What is the usual effective
concentration of benzoic acid as a preservative?
A. 1% C. 0.1-0.2% E. 10%
B. 1-2% D. 0.01-0.02%
135. Example of preservatives used in the preparation of syrups would include:
I. Sodium benzoate
II. Glycerin
III. benzoic acid

136. Syrups are most frequently prepared depending on the physical and chemical
characteristic of the ingredients. This method would include:
I. Solution with the aid of heat
II. Solution by agitation without the aid of heat
III. Addition of sucrose to a Medicated Liquid or flavored liquid

137. Syrups prepared using solution with the aid of heat method applies when it is
desired to prepare the syrup as quickly as possible. However, there are limitations
on using this method and these limitations include:
I. Can be used only when the components are not damaged or volatilized by
heat
II. Inversion of sucrose might occur
III. Caramelization might occur
138. Which of the following statement/s is/are true?
I. Syrups prepared by solution by agitation without the aid of heat method is
more stable than syrups prepared with the aid of heat.
II. Syrups can be sterilized by autoclaving.
III. The viscous nature of syrups permits easy dissolution of the solids to be
added.
139. Which method is used in the preparation of ipecac syrup?
I. Solution with the aid of heat
II. Solution by agitation without the aid of heat
III. Percolation
140. Elixirs:
I. Are clear, sweetened, hydroalcoholic solutions intended for oral use
II. Can be medicted or nonmedicated like syrups
III. Those containing 2-5% alcohol are usually self preserving
141. The relative sweetness of aspartame when compared to sucrose is
A. 1:1 C. 180:1 E. 550:1
B. 30:1 D. 300:1
142. Compared with syrups, elixirs are:
I. Less sweet but more viscous
II. Less effective in masking the taste of medicinal substance
III. Sweeter but less viscous
143. Elixirs can be prepared by which method/s?
I. Solution by agitation
II. Admixture of Two or more liquid ingredients
III. Percolation
144. Tinctures are alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions prepared from vegetable
materials or from chemical substances.
The following statement/s is/are true about tinctures:
I. The alcoholic content protects against microbial growth and keeps the alcohol-
soluble extractives in solution.
II. They must be tightly stoppered and not exposed to excessive temperatures.
III. They contain high alcoholic content.
145. Tinctures of potent drugs for which no proportion of active principles has been
fixed, shall have the strength of:
A. 10% by weight
B. 20% by weight
C. 40% by weight
D. 50% by weight
146. These are aqueous or oleaginous solutions in the form of coarse droplets or as
finely divided solids to be applied topically, most usually to the nasal-pharyngeal tract or
skin.
A. Sprays C. lotions E. AOTA
B. inhalants D. tinctures
147. These are clear, saturated, aqueous solutions of volatile oil or other aromatic or
volatile substances.
A. medicated water
B. spirits
C. aromatic waters
D. A & C
E. AOTA
148. Aromatic waters may be prepared by distillation or solution of the aromatic
substance with or without the use of a dispersing agent. Example of these preparation
include:
I. Stronger rose water
II. Peppermint water
III. Peppermint spirit
149. Peppermint Spirit USP is prepared by:
A. Solution with maceration
B. Chemical reaction
C. Distillation
D. Fermentation
E. Simple solution
150. This preparation is an aqueous solution directed against a part or into a cavity of
the body.
A. douche C. enema E. insufflations
B. irrigation D. gargle
151. The following statement/s hold/s true for douches:
They function as cleansing or antiseptic agent
They are most frequently dispensed in the form of a powder with directions for
dissolving in a specified quantity of water
They are usually directed to the appropriate body part by using bulb syringes.
152. Enemas are employed to evacuate the bowel, influence the general system by
absorption or to affect a local disease.
Which of the following statement/s hold/s true for enemas?
I. They may possess anthelmintic, nutritive, sedative, or stimulating
properties
II. They may contain radiopaque substances for roentgenographic
examination of the lower bowel.
III. Evacuation enemas are to be retained in the intestine and should not be
used in larger quantities than 150 ml for an adult.
153. In using evacuation enemas, the pharmacist should advise the patient to:
I. Squeeze all of the contents out of the disposable plastic bottle
II. Gently insert the rectal tip with steady pressure
III. Take note that the product will most probably work within 5 to 10 minutes.
A. I only
B. II only
C. I & II
D. II & III
E. I, II, III
154. Because irrigation solutions come in contact with exposed tissues, they must meet
stringent requirements of the USP such as:
I. Sterility
II. Total solids
III. Bacterial endotoxins
155. Mucilages:
I. Are thick, viscid, adhesive liquids produced by dispersing gum in water
II. Are resistant to decomposition
III. Used primarily to aid in suspending insoluble substances in liquid
156. Acacia mucilage NF XII differs from Tragacanth Mucilage BPC in that:
I. Acacia mucilage contains alcohol and chloroform water while Tragacanth Mucilage
does not
II. Acacia mucilage contains benzoic acid as a preservative while Tragacanth Mucilage
does not
III. Acacia mucilage show maximum viscosity at pH 5.
A. I only B. II only C. I & II
157. Jellies are a class of gels in which the structural coherent matrix contains a high
portion of liquid usually water. They are used as lubricants for:
I. Surgical gloves
II. Catheters
III. Rectal thermometers
158. Pyroxylin is obtained by the action of which acid/s on cotton?
I. Nitric acid
II. Hydrochloric acid
III. Sulfuric acid
159. Pyroxylin consists chiefly of cellulose tetranitrate and has the appearance of raw
cotton when dry but is harsh to the touch. Other features of pyroxylin include:
I. Exceedingly flammable
II. Soluble in acetone but not in glacial acetic acid
III. One part is slowly but completely soluble in 25 parts of a mixture of 1 volume of
ether and 3 volume of alcohol.
160. Flexible collodion is prepared by adding castor oil and camphor to collodion. How
many percent of castor oil required in this preparation?
A. 3% C. 2% E. 1%
B. 5% D. 0.5%
161. Salicylic acid collodion contains how many percentage of salicylic acid in flexible
collodion?
A. 3% C. 10% E. 1%
B. 5% D. 15%
162. Salicylic acid collodion finds its use as:
I. Keratolytic agent III. Corn remover
II. Wart remover
163. Liniments are alcoholic or oleaginous solutions or emulsions of various medicinal
substances intended for external application to the skin with rubbing. They may be used
as:
I. Counterirritant II. Astringent III. rubefacient
164. The following statement/s is/are true for liniments:
I. They are not applied to broken skin because excessive irritation might result.
II. Oleaginous liniments are more irritating to the skin than alcoholic liniments
III. Oleaginous liniments are employed primarily when massage is desired.
B. II only D. I & II
165. Glycerin or glycerites contain ______of glycerin.
A. 50% C. 10% E. 0.5%
B. 25% D. 1%
166. These are concentrated preparations of vegetable or animal drugs obtained by the
removal of the active constituents of the respective drugs with the suitable menstrual
and evaporation of all or nearly all of the solvent.
A. fluid extract C. extractive E. macerate
B. distillate D. extraction
167. This is a method of extraction in which the properly comminuted drug is permitted
to soak in the menstruum until the cellular structure is softened and penetrated by the
menstruum and the soluble constituents is dissolved.
A. percolation C. decoction E. evaporation
B. infusion D. maceration
168. This method of extraction is a process in which the soluble constituent of a
comminuted drug is extracted by the slow passage of a suitable solvent through a
column of the drug.
A. percolation C. decoction E. evaporation
B. infusion D. maceration
169.These preparation are made so that each mL contains the therapeutic constituents
of 1g of the standard drug that it represents.
A. fluid extract C. extractive E. distillate
B. macerate D. infusate
170. This is a form of extract which is of a plastic consistency, prepared with nearly all
of the menstruum removed.
I. Pilular II. Solid III. Semiliquid
171. The particles of the dispersed phase vary widely in size, from large particles visible
to the naked eye down to the particles of colloidal dimensions, falling between 1.0nm
and 0.5 um in size. Dispersions containing particles of 10-50um in size are referred as:
A. coarse dispersions C. fine dispersions E. soluble dispersions
B. colloidal dispersions D. ultra-fine dispersions
172. Fine dispersion includes:
I. Emulsions II. Gels III. Magmas
173. Coarse dispersion includes:
I. Emulsions II. Gels III. Magmas
174. Suspensions are prepared because some drugs are chemically unstable when in
solution but stable when suspended. Other reason/s for preparing suspensions
include/s:
I. flexibility in the administration of certain doses
II. Ease of swallowing especially for children as compared to solids
III. The undesirable taste of the drugs can be masked.
175. Therapeutic efficacy, chemical stability of components and permanency of
preparation should all be considered in the preparation of suspensions. Other desirable
qualities of suspensions should include:
I. Settle slowly and be easily redispersed upon gentle shaking of container
II. The particle size if the suspensoid remains fairly constant throughout long periods of
undisturbed standing
III. The contents should pour easily and readily from its container.
176. Viscosity agent decreases the rate of settling of deffloculated particles or provides
the stability in flocculated suspensions. Other desirable qualities of suspension should
include/s:
I. Acacia gum III. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
II. PVP

177. This is a process of particle size reduction in which the shearing action of high
velocity compressed air stream on the particles in a confined space produces the
desired ultrafine or micronized particles.
I. micropulverization III. Fluid energy grinding
II. jet-milling
178. The following statement/s is/are true of flocs or floccules:
I. It is measures which avoid the formation of a cake in suspensions.
II. It has a less rigid or loose aggregation of particles held by weak particle-to-particle
bonding forces.
III. It settles more rapidly than fine particles
A. I only B. II only C. II & III
D. I & II E. I, II, III
179. Which of the following can function as flocculating agents?
I. Bentonite Magma III. Benzalkonium chloride
II. KCl
180. Wetting agents are used to make the powder more penetrable by the dispersion
medium. These agents include;
I. Glycerin II. PVP III. Alcohol
A. I only C. I & III
E. I, II, III
181. The following should be observed during packaging and storage of suspensions:
I. All suspensions should
II. They should be stored in tight containers protected from freezing, excessive heat and
light
III. Extemporaneously prepared suspensions should be placed in light resistant
containers.
182. In emulsion terminology, the dispersed phase is referred to as:
I. internal phase III. Continuous phase
II. External phase
183. If the oleaginous phase is the internal phase, then the emulsion is referred to as:
A. o/w emulsion C. w/o emulsion
B. o/w/o emulsion D. w/o/w emulsion
184. The absorption of which drugs can be enhanced when prepared n the form of oil-
in-water emulsion?
I. Griseofulvin II. Sulfonamides III. Vitamin A
185. Emulsions offer a number of advantages over other liquid dosage forms.These
include:
I. The therapeutic properties and the spreading ability of the constituents are increased
II. Taste or odor of oil can be masked partially or wholly
III. The absorption and the penetration of medicaments are controlled more easily
186. In preparation an emulsion, a third phase called the emulsifying agent is
necessary. Which of the following are classified as natural emulsifying agent/s?
I. Acacia
II. bentonite
III. lecithin
A. I only
B. II only
C. I & III
D. I & II
E. I, II, III
187. Synthetic emulsifying agents are most effective at lowering the interfacial tension
between the oil and water phases.
Examples of these agents include:
I. Veegum
II. Benzalkonium chloride
III. cholesterol
188. This theory of emulsification assumes monomolecular layers of emulsifying agent
curved around a droplet of the internal phase of the emulsion.
A. surface tension theory
B. plastic-film theory
C. oriented wedge theory
D. interfacial film theory
E. molecular layer theory
189. This theory places the emulsifying agent at the interface between the oil and water,
surrounding the droplets of the internal phase as thin layer of film adsorbed on the
surface of drops.
I. interfacial film theory III. molecular layer theory
II. interfacial film theory
190. This emulsifying agent has a disadvantage of producing emulsions that are too
fluid and which becomes more fluid upon standing.
A. gelatin C. egg yolk E. bentonite
B. casein D. lecithin
191. The following agent/s can be used as thickening agent/s:
I. agar
II. stearyl alcohol
III.cetylalcohol

192. In small scale extemporaneous preparation of emulsion, these methods may apply:
I. Dry gum method III. Forbes method
II. Wet gum method
193. In this method, the emulsifying agent is mixed with the oil before the addition of
water.
I. Dry gum method III. Forbes method
II. Wet gum method
194. Which of the following statement/s hold/s true for emulsion:
I. In its preparation, if alcohol is needed, add it directly to the primary emulsion to avoid
its volatilization.
II. Bottle method is suited for viscous oils
III. A mortar with a rough rather than smooth inner surface must be used in triturating
the emulsifier with oil in dry method preparation.
B. III only D. I & II
195. These are thermodynamically stable, optically transparent, isotropic mixtures of a
biphasic oil-water system stabilized with surfactant.
A. microemulsion C. W/O/W emulsion E. W/O emulsion
B. auxillary emulsion D. O/W emulsion
196. An emulsion is considered to be physically unstable if:
I. The internal or dispersed phase upon standing tends to form aggregates of globules
II. Large globules rise to the top or fall to the bottom of the emulsion to form a
concentrated layer of internal phase
III. All or part of the liquid of internal phase
197. Which of the following statement/s is/are true:
I. Creaming is a reversible process
II. Breaking is a reversible process
III. Sedimentation is an irreversible process
198. Mineral oil emulsion is a/an:
A. o/w emulsion C. w/o emulsion E. microemulsion
B. o/w/o D. w/o/w emulsion
199. This is used for preparing fluidextracts with boiling water as the menstruum,
alcohol being added as a preservative to a concentrated percolate.
A. Process A B. Process B C. Process D
D. Process E E. Process C
200. This is an alternative for process A in which percolation is conducted on a column
of drug much greater in length than in diameter.
A. Process A C. Process D E. Process C
B. Process B D. Process E
201. This is a percolation method that can be modified for fluidextracts that must be
assayed.
A. Process A C. Process D E. Process C
B. Process B D. Process E
202. It is the taking up of a certain amount of liquid without a measurable increase in
size.
A. Syneresis C. imbibition E.Xerogelation
B. Swelling D.Thixotrophy
203. Xerogels are formed when the liquid is removed from a gel and only the framework
remains. Examples of these are:
I. gelatin sheets III. Acacia tears
II. tragacanth ribbons
204. A classification of gels which would include ingredients that are dispersible as
colloidal or soluble in water is called hydrogels. Example of hydrogels includes:
I. Carbowax bases II. Bentonite III. Silica
205. Magnesium aluminum silicate, also known as Veegum, in concentrations of
_______, form firm, thixotropic gels.
A. 10% C. 2% E. 0.5%
B. 5% D. 1%
206. In the preparation of gels, the following statement/s hold/s true:
I. Inorganic salts would cause gelation to occur at higher concentrations.
II. Alcohol may cause precipitation or gelation
III. Higher concentration and higher molecular weights of polymers would produce
stronger gels.
207. Bentonite magma is a preparation of ____ bentonite, a native, colloidal hydrated
aluminum silicate, in purified water.
A. 10% C. 5% E. 0.5%
B. 2% D. 1%
208. Aluminum hydroxide gel is an aqueous suspension of a gelatinous precipitate
composed of insoluble aluminum hydroxide and the hydrated aluminum oxide,
equivalent to about ____of aluminum oxide.
A. 1% C. 5% E. 3%
B. 2% D. 4%
209. Milk of Magnesia, USP is a preparation containing between 7 and 8.5 % of
magnesium hydroxide. The following statement/s hold/s true regarding its preparation:
I. 0.1% citric acid may be added
II. Flavoring oils should exceed 0.05% concentration but not more than 2% to enhance
the palatability of the preparation.
III. The preparation should be stored in tight containers preferably at temperature above
and freezing and below 35◦C
210. Gels are defined as semi-solid systems consisting of dispersions made up of either
small inorganic particles or large organic molecules enclosing and interpenetrated by a
liquid. Other feature/s of these preparations include/s:
I. Some gels are clear as water in appearance while others are turbid.
II. Gels are considered as colloidal dispersions
III. Carbowaxes are gels
211. These are pressurized dosage forms containing one or more active ingredients
which upon actuation emit a fine dispersion of liquid and/or solid materials in gaseous
medium.
A. aerosols C. inhalations E. nebulizers
B. inhalers D. insufflators
212. Aerosols intended to carry the active ingredient to a surface are termed:
I. space spray II. Surface spray III. Surface coatings

213. Aerosols offer the advantages of:
I. portion of medication may be easily drawn from the package without contamination or
exposure to the remaining material
II. Topical medication may be applied in a uniform, thin layer to the skin without touching
the affected area
III. Protection of medicinal agents adversely affected by atmospheric oxygen and
moisture
214. Fluorinated hydrocarbon gases:
I. may be liquefied b cooling below their boiling point
II. May be liquefied by compressing the gas at room temperature
III. are liquid at room temp.
215. The usual aerosol valve assembly is composed of the following parts:
I. actuator II. Housing III. Gasket
216. Compressed gases may be used to prepare aerosols. The use of nitrogen:
I. will result in the emission of the product in essentially the same form as it was placed
in the container
II. Contributes adversely to the odor and taste of product
III. Offers protection on products subject to oxidation
217. These materials may be used in the manufacture of aerosol containers:
I. glass II. Metals III. Plastics
218. In compressed gas filled aerosols:
I. there is no reservoir of propellant
II. Lower gas pressures are required as compared to liquefied gas filled aerosols
III. Gases like carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide may be used
219. The use of topical aerosols:
I. can be used easily in applying medication to small area
II. The procedure of applying the preparation to desired surface area is less messy than
with most other types of topical preparations.
III. Provides a means of applying the drug in a convenient way
220. In the filling of aerosol containers with propellant, which of the following is/are
observed to be true?
I. In the cold method, both the product concentrate and the propellant must be cooled to
temperature of 30◦F to -40◦F
II. There is less danger of moisture contamination of the product in cold filling over the
pressure filling
III. Less propellant is lost in the process of pressure filling.
221. Sterile water for injection:
I. must be pyrogen-free
II. May not contain an antimicrobial agent
III. May contain a slightly greater amount of total solids than Water for Injection
222. Sterilization by filtration depends upon the removal of microorganisms by
adsorption on the filter medium or by sieving mechanism. Major advantages of this
method include:
I. speed in the filtration of small quantities of solution
II. Ability to sterilize effectively thermo labile materials
III. Inexpensive
223. Ethylene oxide:
I. may be used to sterilized heat-sensitive and moisture-sensitive materials
II. May be substituted by propylene oxide gas
III. exerts its action by denaturation and precipitation
224. This process means the complete destruction of all living organism and their
spores or their complete removal from the prepration.
A. Sterilization C. disinfection E. decontamination
B. asepsis D. antisepsis
225. USP specifies restrictions on the fixed vegetable oils which may be employed in
parenteral products. These include:
I. they must remain clear when cooled to 10◦C
II. They must not contain mineral oil or paraffin
III. They must contain no polyunsaturated fatty acids
226. Ringer’s Injection USP contains:
A. Sodium chloride only
B. Sodium chloride and potassium chloride
C. Sodium chloride and calcium chloride
D. Sodium chloride, potassium chloride and calcium chloride
E. Sodium chloride and sodium lactate
227. Bacteriostatic water for injection:
I. One or more antimicrobial agents
II. Packaged in pre-filled syringes or in vials containing not more than 100 ml
III. Only to be used in parenterals that are administered in small volumes
228. Single dose container:
I. Hermetic container
II. Example is ampul
III. Permits withdrawal of successive portions of the contents
229. In most heat sterilization, spores of which microorganism are most commonly
employed?
A. Bacillus stearothermophilus
B. Bacillus subtilis
C. Bacillus pumilus
D. Clostridium botulinum
E. Clostridium perfringens
230. Dry heat sterilization is usually carried out in sterilizing ovens specifically designed
for this purpose. Which of the following characterize/s this method?
I. Higher temperature and prolonged exposure are required
II. Works by denaturation and coagulation of some of the organism’s essential protein
III. May be used for fixed oils, mineral oil and petroleum products
A. I only
B. II only
C. I & III
D. II & III
E. I, II, III
231. It is an electrochemical method that enhances the transport of some solute
molecules by creating a potential gradient through the skin tissue with an applied
electrical current or voltage.
A. iontophoresis C. ultrasonophoresis E. electrophoresis
B. sonophoresis D. phonophoresis
232. Iontophoresis induces an increased migration of ionic drugs into the skin by
electrostatic repulsion at the active electrode: negative ions are delivered by the
cathode and positive ions by anode. The advantages of this process include:
I. Eliminates gastrointestinal incompatibility, erratic absorption and first pass metabolism
II. Reduces side effects and interpatient variability
III. Avoids the risks of infection, inflammation
233. Rapidly –dissolving drugs:
I. designed as orally administered drugs for patients that have difficulty swallowing
standard tablets/ capsules
II. disintegrate and dissolves within 30-60 seconds in the mouth
III. Friability is an inherent problem
234. The following statement/s is/are true for radiopharmaceuticals:
I. It is a radioactive pharmaceutical agent or drug that is used for diagnostic or
therapeutic procedures.
II. They are used as tracers of physiological processes.
III. Incidence of adverse effect is very low
235. This container protects the contents from extraneous solids and from loss of the
article under ordinary conditions of handling, shipment, storage and distribution.
A. well-closed container D. light-resistant container
B. tight container E. amber-colored bottle
C. hermetic container
236. A freezer is:
A. cold place C. excessively cold place
B. cool place D. refrigerator temperature
237. These injections are administered into the corium of the skin, usually in volumes of
about a tenth of a milliter.
A. intravenous C. intramuscular
B. intradermal D. epicutaneous
E. subcutaneous
238. Some drugs are administered rectally for their local effects and others for their
systemic effects. Which of the following are true regarding the rectal administration of
drugs?
I. Rectal administration may be preferred for those drugs destroyed or inactivated by the
environment of stomach and intestine
II. Approximately 505 of a dose of drug absorbed from rectal
III. Absorption of drugs from the rectum is frequently irregular and difficult to predict.
239. Subcutaneous administration of drugs involves their injection through the layers of
the skin into the loose subcutaneous tissue. Which of the following statement/s is/are
true about this kind of administration?
I. vasodilator may be used to enhance subcutaneous absorption of drugs
II. All substances, weather lipid soluble or not, cross the capillary membrane at rates
that are much more rapid than the rates of their transfer across other body membranes.
III. After injection, the drug comes into the immediate vicinity of blood capillaries and
permeates them by diffusion or filtration.
240.These substance are used to prevent the dying out of preparations due to the
agent’s ability to retain moisture.
A. levigating agent C. plasticizer E. occluding agents
B. humectant D. antioxidant
241. Glidants are agents used in tablet and capsule formulations to improve the flow
properties of the powder mixture. Examples of these are:
I. Talc III. magnesium stearate
II. colloidal silica
242. This is an agent used to dissolve another pharmaceutic substance or a drug in the
preparation of solution.
A. solvent C. chelating agent E. solubilizer
B. vehicle D. co-solvent
243. Butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene are examples of:
A. antioxidants C. clarifying agents E. co-solvents
B. humectants D. buffering agents
244. Cinnamon, orange and raspberry flavors may be used to make ____drugs more
palatable.
A. salty C. sour E. rancid
B. bitter D. pungent
245. Benzalkonium chloride, cresols, and phenylmercuric nitrates are examples of:
A. stiffening agent C. coloring agents E. ranti-oxidants
B. preservatives D. buffering agents
246. The term “soluble” refers to parts of solvent hat can dissolve one part of solute is:
A. 10-100 C. 10-30 E. 1-10
B. 30-100 D. less than 1
247. The similarity of gargles with mouthwashes is:
I. antiseptic use III.Formula
II. Site of action
248. It is a process of strongly heating organic substances with access to air.

A. Carbonization C. Ignition E. Drying
B. Calcinations D. Incineration
249. When tinctures are prepared from single vegetable drugs, the amounts of crude
drugs used to prepare 100 ml of the tincture generally for potent drug is:
A. 10g C. 50g E. 100g
B. 20g D. 75g
250. The following substances may be used as colorants:
I. caramel II. red ferric oxide III. yellow mercuric oxide
251. The release of an ingredient from the packaging component into the contents is
best described by the term:
A. sorption C. permeation E. dissolution
B. leaching D. diffusion
252. The disadvantages of using sodium saccharin as a sweetening agent is/are:
I. less sweet than sucrose
II. has a cariogenic potential and is contraindicated to phenylketonurics
III. has bitter after taste
253. The following method/s is/are considered as comminution technique/s:
I. Spatulation III. Pulverization by intervention
II. Trituration
254. Brandy and whisky are prepared by means of:
I. Distillation III. Chemical reaction
II. Solution with maceration
255. These are very fine powders intended for the different body cavities like ears,
nose, etc.
I. dusting powder II. douche powder III. insufflations
256. Vanishing creams are the most common creams available in the market due to
large amount of water contained and an acid called:
A. salicylic acid C. stearic acid E. undecylenic acid
B. benzoic acid D. acetic acid
257. Juices have the advantage over artificial flavor in that these are:
I. sweeter II. More stable III. Natural
258. Oleovitamins generally consist of:
I. Vitamin A II. Vitamin D III. Vitamin B
259. Spiritus frumentis is also called
A. brandy C. Whisky E. AOTA
B. rum D. A & C
260. This type of water is specific for multidose parenteral products.
A. water for injection
B. Sterile Water for injection
C. Bacteriostatic Water for Injection
D. Sterile Water for Inhalation
E. Purified Water
261. This is a process of redistilling one or more fresh delicate drugs with small
quantities of volatile products.
A. steam distillation C. maceration E. reverse osmosis
B. cohobation D. reflux distillation
262. Which of the following substances is/are needed when compounding Magnesium
Citrate solution?
I. sodium bicarbonate
II. magnesium citrate
III. magnesium carbonate
A. I only B. II only C. I & III

D. I & II E. I, II, III
263. Main constituent/s present in toothache drops:
I. menthol II. eugenol III. benzoate
264. Most widely used container for aerosols:
A. glass C. tin-plated steel E. glassine paper
B. plastic D. aluminum
265. Lanolin differs from wool fat in that lanolin:
A. contains less water
B. has been further purified
C. contains more water
D. is obtained from natural sources
E. contains a greater quantity of cholesterol
266. This substance is used to replace part of cocoa butter to obtain the proper melting
point.
A. vegetable oil
B. petrolatum
C. glycerin
D. gelatin
E. white wax
267. Rose water ointment differs from Petrolatum rose water ointment because the
former contains:
A. mineral oil C. sodium borate E.cetyl ester wax
B. white wax D. almond oil
268. Petrolatum USP is not soluble in
A. chloroform C. ether E. petroleum ether
B. ethyl alcohol D. benzene
269. A very fine powdered chemical is defined as one that will
A. completely pass through a # 80 sieve
B. completely pass through a # 120 sieve
C. completely pass through a # 20 sieve
D. completely pass through a # 60 sieve and not more than 40% through a #100 sieve
E. completely pass through a # 80 sieve and not more than 60% through a #60 sieve
270. Camphor is usually milled by which of the following techniques?
A. trituration
B. levigation
C. geometric dilution
D. attrition
E. pulverization by intervention
271. Unit dose packaging for tablets or capsules is exemplified by
I. strip packaging III. wide mouth bottles
II. blister pack
272. Ingredients in toothache drops:
I. oil of cloves II. alcohol III. benzocaine
273. Controlled room temperature means that the temperature is maintained
thermostatically between:
A. 15-30 ◦C C. 8-15 ◦C E. -4-8 ◦C
B. 25 ◦C D. 30 ◦C
274. Gels belong to:
A. dispersion C. solution E. creams
B. emulsion D. ointments
275. HLB value needed for an oil-in-water type of emulsion:
A. 8-18 C. 1-5 E. 1-12
B. 3-6 D. 6-12
276. Which of the following preparations is a saturated solution?
A. aromatic water C. emulsion E. extract
B. elixir D. solution
277. Magnesium stearate is used in tablet manufacturing as:
A. lubricant C. binder E. diluent
B. source of Magnesium D. disintegrant
278. Instability of emulsion is caused by:
I. creaming II. sedimentation III. electrolytes
279. A eutectic mixture in powders occurs when:

I. there is lowering in melting point III. Efflorescence
II. Hygroscopic mixture
280. Bulk powders are:
A. insufflations C. dentrifices E. AOTA
B. douche powders D. A & B
281. In the infusion method of making cocoa butter suppositories, which substance is
most likely to be used to lubricate the mold?
A. mineral oil C. cetyl alcohol E. magnesium silicate
B. propylene glycol D. stearic acid
282. A very fine powdered chemical is defined as one that:
A. completely pass through a # 80 sieve
B. completely pass through a # 120 sieve
C. completely pass through a # 20 sieve
D. completely pass through a # 60 sieve and not more than 40% through a #100 sieve
E. completely pass through a # 80 sieve and not more than 60% through a #60 sieve
283. Which solution is used as an astringent?
A. Strong Iodine Solution USP
B. Aluminum Acetate Topical Solution USP
C. Acetic Acid NF
D. Aromatic Ammonia Spirit USP
E. Benzalkonium Chloride Solution USP
284. The particles in an ideal suspension should satisfy which of the following criteria?
I. Their size should be uniform
II. They should be stationary or move randomly
III. They should remain discrete
285. Mechanisms that are thought to provide stable emulsification include the:
I. formation of interfacial film
II. Lowering of interfacial tension
III. Presence of charge on the ion
286. Ceramic mortar may be preferable to a glass mortar when:
I. volatile oil is added to a powder mixture
II. colored substances are mixed into the powder
III. Comminution is desired in addition to mixing
287. The particle size of the dispersed solid in a suspension is usually greater than
A. 0.5 mm C. 0.3 mm E. 0.1 mm
B. 0.4 mm D. 0.2 mm
288. Forms of water that is suitable for use in parenteral preparations:

I. Purified water, USP
II. for injection, USP
III. Sterile Water for Injection, USP
289. The sedimentation of particles in a suspension can be minimized by:
I. adding sodium benzoate
II. Increasing the viscosity of the suspension
III. Reducing the particle size of the active ingredient
290. Substances used to insulate powder components that liquefy when mixed include:
I. talc
II. Kaolin
III. Light magnesium oxide
291. The following statement/s is/are true for Cold Cream:

I. It is oil-in-water emulsion
II. The use of almond oil rather than mineral oil makes a more stable cream.
III. Cold cream prepared with almond oil makes a better emollient base.
292. Which type of soaps form an o/w emulsion?
I. alkali soap
II. Metallic soap
III. Polyvalent soap
293. The USP permits ___% of sulfur dioxide to prevent decomposition of gelatin during
manufacture of hard gelatin capsules.
A. 5%
B. 0.5%
C. 1%
D. 0.15%
E. 10%
294. Colors and dyes disguise off-color drugs, provide product identification and product
identification and produce a more aesthetically appealing product. Which type of dye is
typically used as dry powder?
A. Lakes
B. F & D
C. D & C
D. F D & C
E. AOTA
295. Adsorbents are inert substances which hold quantities of fluid in an apparently dry
state. Examples of adsorbents include:
I. MgO
II. Mg carbonate
III. Bentonite
296. Witepsol bases contain natural saturated fatty acid chains between C12 and C18.
Which of the following fatty acids is its major component?
A. Lauric acid
B. Myristic acid
C. Stearic acid
D. Palmitic acid
E. Oleic acid
297. Witepsol bases offer the following characteristic:
I. They exhibit polymorphism like cocoa bases
II. They solidify rapidly in the mold
III. The interval between softening and melting temperature is very small
298. Wecobee bases have an action similar to that of Witepsol bases. Wecobee bases
are derived from:
A. mineral oil
B. coconut oil
C. almond oil
D. olive oil
E. cocoa butter
299. Acacia is classified as a natural emulsifying agent. It is usually as a___%
dispersion in water.
A. 35
B. 10
C. 25
D. 50
E 30
300. Unlike acacia, tragacanth does not contain the enzyme oxidase which catalyzes
the decomposition of organic chemicals. Tragacanth is usually used as a ____%
dispersion in water.
A. 10%
B. 6%
C. 20%
D. 30%
E. 15%

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Philippine Association of Colleges of Pharmacy

PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS QUESTION

1. It is the process of comminution in which a paste is formed by combining the powder

5. Which of the following powders can be classified as bulk powders?

A. I only D. II and III

6. The following statement/s hold/s true for capsules:

20. The following statement/s is/are true for compressed tablets:

I. Preblends the formulation powder, including active ingredients, fillers,

A. I only C. I & III E. I, II, III

A. I only C. I & III E. I, II, III

A.I only C. I & III E. I, II, III

A. I only C. I & II E. I, II, III

A. I only C. I&III E. I, II, III

A. I only C. I&II E. I, II, III

A. I only C. I&II E. I, II, III

A. I only C. I&II E. I, II, III

A. I only C. I&III E. I, II, III

A. I only C. I & III E. I, II, III

A. I only C. I & III E. I, II, III

A. I only C. I & II E. I, II, III

A. I only C. II & III E. I, II, III

A. I only C. II & III E. I, II, III

248. It is a process of strongly heating organic substances with access to air.

A. I only B. II only C. I & III

279. A eutectic mixture in powders occurs when:

288. Forms of water that is suitable for use in parenteral preparations:

291. The following statement/s is/are true for Cold Cream:

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