SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Fungsi:
1.. menyatakan aktifitas yang sering dilakukan setiap hari (kebiasaan)
2. menyatakan kebenaran umum (fakta)

Rumus:
Rumus menggunakan kata kerja:
(+) S + V1 /V s/es + O + Adv of time
(-) S + don’t/doesn’t + V1 + O + Adv of
time
(?) Do/Does + S + V1 + O + Adv of time + ?
Selain kata kerja (Kata Sifat, Kata benda,
Keterangan)
(+) S + is/ama/are + Adj/Adv/N
(-) S+ isn’t/am not/aren’t + Adj/Adv/N
(?) Is/Am/Are + S + Adj/Adv/N+?

Contoh dalam kalimat: Kata sifat = Adjective (Adj)

(+) She drinks juice everyday Kata benda= Noun (N)
(+) They drink juice everyday Keterangan = Adverb (Adv)

(-) She doesn’t drink juice everyday Is = she, he, it

(-) They don’t drink juice everyday Am = I
Are = we, they you
(?) Does she drink juice everyday?
(?) Do they drink juice everyday? Contoh:
(+) She is hungry
(+) He goes to Solo today (-) She isn’t hungry
(-) he doesn’t go to Solo today (?) Is she hungry?
(?) Does he go to Solo today?
(+) They are sad
(-) They aren’t sad
(?) Are they sad?
Keterangan:
 S = Subject (pelaku ) = THEY, WE, I, YOU, SHE, HE, IT
 V1 = Kata kerja bentuk pertama
 V s/es = kata kerja ditambah akhiran –s/ -es
 Jika subject nya (She,He,It) kata kerjanya harus ditambah –s/-es (contoh: she comes,
he goes, my mother talks)
 Jika subject nya (I, You, They, We) kata kerjanya tetap (v1) contoh : I come, they go,
we talk
 kata kerja sebagian besar ditambah –s (contoh: sends, loves, breaks, eats, drinks)
  kata kerja yang ditambah –es jika berakhiran huruf (–sh, -ch, -x, -o, -s) contoh: dish =
dishes, watch= watches, box= boxes, bus= buses, go = goes)
 jika kata kerja berakhiran huruf –y dan didahului oleh huruf konsonan (selain a i u e
o) maka huruf Y dirubah menjadai “i” kemudian baru ditambah –es (contoh: study=
studies, fly = flies, cry = cries)
 Adv of time adalah keterangan waktu (everyday, today, tonight)
 Do digunakan untuk subject = I, You, They, We
 Does digunakan untuk subject = She, He, It

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Fungsi/ kegunaan:
1. Menyatakan aktivitas yang sudah dilakukan atau sudah terjadi dimasa lalu

Rumus
Menggunakan kata kerja (Verb =V) Tanpa kata kerja (Adj/Adv/N)

(+) S + V2 + O + Adv (+) S + was/were + Adj/Adv/N

(-) S + didn’t + V1 + O + Adv (-) S + wasn’t/ weren’t + Adj/Adv/N
(?) Did + S + V1 + O + Adv+ ? (?) Was/Were + S + Adj/Adv/N+?

Was : she, he, it, I

Were : we, they, you

V1 V2 V3
Eat Ate Eaten
Go Went Gone
Play Played Played
Study Studied Studied

Adverb : yesterday, last night, last week, last month, last year, ....ago

Contoh:
(+) She ate Soto last night
(-) She didn’t eat Soto last night
(?) Did she eat Soto last night?

(+) They were happy yesterday

(-) They didn’t happy yesterday
(?) did they happy yesterday?

EXERCISES
A. FILL IN THE BLANK WITH (IS,AM,ARE) INTO CORRECT SENTENCE
1. I_____smart
2. Today____Sunday
3. We____sick
4. The students_____surprise
5. Mr. Rahman______a doctor
6. My friends and I____hungry
7. My mom______a nurse
8. The books______expensive
9. The test_____difficult
10. The cockroaches_____insect

B. FILL IN THE BLANK WITH (WAS/WERE) INTO CORRECT SENTENCE

1. We ____ there yesterday
2. Susi______disappointed last night
3. Rafi and Mona_____good friend
4. It_____nice last year
5. Citra and I______best friend

C. Correct the verb in the brancket into present tense

1. She (drink) a cup of milk
2. They (not,come) to the office
3. Mr uncle (give ) me some money
4. We (learn) English
 5. Tania (not,sing) a song
6. Budi (go) to school everyday
7. The students (do) the test
8. The teacher (teach) badly
9. The test (make) me confused.
10. He (not,watch) Avenger End Game

D. Correct the verb in the brancket into past tense

1. She (break) my heart last year
2. They (do) the best last week
3. I (see) you at school last month
4. We (walk) along with you yesterday
5. My grandfa (buy) me a new jacket

PRESENT CONTINUOS TENSE

Fungsi:
 Menyatakan kegiatan yang sedang dilakukan saat dikatakan

Rumus :
(+) S + is/am/are + V+ing + O + adv of time
(+)S + isn’t/am not/aren’t + V+ing + O + adv of time
(?) Is/Am/Are + S + V +ing + O + adv of time + ?

Adv of time :
 Now
 Right now
 At the moment

Contoh:
(+) She is studying English now
(-) She isn’t studying English now
(?) IS she studying English now?

(+) They are playing football at the moment

(-) They aren’t playiing football at the moment
(?) Are they playing football at the moment?

EXERCISES

Correct the verb in the brancket into correct present continuous tense.
1. My brother (call) with his parents now
2. I (watch) Tv at the moment
3. Rida and Sofi (go) to the bookstore now
4. We (learn) Math in the classroom
5. Marcel (look) for a job
6. Mr. Jodi (sleep) in the room
7. I (wait) for you now
8. Sasa and I (try) how to make a cake
9. They (cook) some food
10. I (love) them