Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
Division of Taguig and Pateros
SEN. RENATO “COMPAÑERO” CAYETANO MEMORIAL
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HIGH SCHOOL
31st cor 51st Sts., Pamayanang Diego Silang, Ususan, Taguig City, Philippines

CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Materials and Methods

 Extraction Tools

Since the researchers will extract the gum or resin from the Norfolk pine tree,

appropriate laboratory tools are needed. A scalpel will be used to perform an incision

on the tree to allow the gum to go out. In order to collect the necessary resin, a

dropper is very useful in transferring fluids from one location to another. From the

pine tree, the collected gums will be placed on a beaker and covered with an

evaporating dish to avoid contact with open air. Afterwards, the researchers can

proceed with pulverizing the collected gum using a mortar and pestle. The gum

powder should be fined to increase the efficiency of the materials that will be

needed.

 Norfolk pine tree (Araucaria heterophylla)

The Norfolk pine tree that will be used by the researchers is situated in one of the

researchers’ home. It is a plant native in Norfolk Island which reached Southeast

Asia because of the trading industry. It is sometime used as Christmas trees during

the holiday season because of its huge stature. Despite its unpopularity, the

researchers decided to use this tree to give attention to its horticultural benefits to

the community.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
National Capital Region
Division of Taguig and Pateros
SEN. RENATO “COMPAÑERO” CAYETANO MEMORIAL
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HIGH SCHOOL
31st cor 51st Sts., Pamayanang Diego Silang, Ususan, Taguig City, Philippines

3.2 Procedure

The researchers will be conducting the experiment with the procedure in the

study “”, this procedure has been proven to be the most efficient way of extracting

Norfolk pine tree resin and producing it gum. After the gum is produced, the

researchers would test the gum on a gal (yero in Filipino) which will be exposed to

different conditions.

Collection of resin by making an incesion to the bark of the Norfollk pine tree.

The resin will dried and pulverized.

The powder will be dispersed in mineral drinking water by stirring it for about 4 hours.

The resulting solution would be filtered to remove the fiberous materials present.

The finish product would be tested on a gal to see its effects in normal circumstances.

The product will be placed under the sun to see the effects of heat to the gum.

The product would be exposed to water to test the product's waterproof quality.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
National Capital Region
Division of Taguig and Pateros
SEN. RENATO “COMPAÑERO” CAYETANO MEMORIAL
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HIGH SCHOOL
31st cor 51st Sts., Pamayanang Diego Silang, Ususan, Taguig City, Philippines

3.4 Ethical Consideration

Ethical Consideration is one of the momentous of a research paper and

cannot be disregarded. The content of it are the norms and standard behavior that

must be considered by the researchers also include the ethical guidelines and legal

rules. Informants also must be secured, protected to harm and with their anonymity.

Correspond to Bailey, Hennink and Hutter (2011), ethical issues have the following

considerations:

1. Informed consent. Individual should be provided with sufficient information

about the research, in a format that is comprehensible to them, and make a

voluntary decision to participate in a research study.

2. Self-determination. Individuals have the right to determine their own

participation in research, including the right to refuse participation and also

pull out at any time.

3. Minimization of harm

. Researchers should not do any harm to participants or put them at risk.

4. Anonymity. Researchers should protect the identity of research participants

at all times.

5. Confidentiality. Researches should ensure that all data records are kept

confidential at all times.

In addition to that, the data collected must eradicate and keep

confidential.