Forecast Month - October 2019 Table Beginning Year - 2015 Table Beginning Month - 201501 Last Historical Month - 201909

Forecast Month - October 2019
Table Beginning Year--- 2015
Table Beginning Month--- 201501
Last Historical Month--- 201909
Domestic Tables:
AAAA_DATEX or AA 201501 201502 201503 201504 201505 201506 201507 201508
Column 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260
Historical 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
201509 201510 201511 201512 201601 201602 201603 201604 201605 201606
261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
201607 201608 201609 201610 201611 201612 201701 201702 201703 201704
271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
201705 201706 201707 201708 201709 201710 201711 201712 201801 201802
281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
201803 201804 201805 201806 201807 201808 201809 201810 201811 201812
291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
201901 201902 201903 201904 201905 201906 201907 201908 201909 201910
301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
201911 201912 202001 202002 202003 202004 202005 202006 202007 202008
311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
202009 202010 202011 202012
321 322 323 324
0 0 0 0
Short-Term Energy Outlook, October 2019
Table 1. U.S. Energy Markets Summary

Table 2. Energy Nominal Prices
Table 3a. International Petroleum and Other Liquids Production, Consumption, and Inventories
Table 3b. Non-OPEC Petroleum and Other Liquids Supply
Table 3c. OPEC Crude Oil (excluding Condensates) Supply
Table 3d. World Petroleum and Other Liquids Consumption
Table 4a. U.S. Petroleum and Other Liquids Supply, Consumption, and Inventories
Table 4b. U.S. Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids (HGL) and Petroleum Refinery Balances
Table 4c. U.S. Regional Motor Gasoline Prices and Inventories
Table 5a. U.S. Natural Gas Supply, Consumption, and Inventories
Table 5b. U.S. Regional Natural Gas Prices
Table 6. U.S. Coal Supply, Consumption, and Inventories
Table 7a. U.S. Electricity Industry Overview
Table 7b. U.S. Regional Electricity Retail Sales
Table 7c. U.S. Regional Electricity Prices
Table 7d(1). U.S. Regional Electricity Generation, Electric Power Sector
Table 7d(2). U.S. Regional Electricity Generation, Electric Power Sector, continued
Table 8a. U.S. Renewable Energy Consumption
Table 8b. U.S. Renewable Electricity Generation and Capacity
Table 9a. U.S. Macroeconomic Indicators and CO2 Emissions
Table 9b. U.S. Regional Macroeconomic Data
Table 9c. U.S. Regional Weather Data
Table 1. U.S. Energy Markets Summary
U.S. Energy Information Administration | Short-Term Energy Outlook - October 2019
2015 2016 2017
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Energy Supply
Crude Oil Production (a)

(million barrels per day) ............................ 9.38 9.51 9.58 9.66 9.47 9.35 9.44 9.41 9.48 9.40 9.32 9.26 9.20 9.06 9.09 8.87 8.82 8.65 8.65 8.68 8.53 8.83 8.90 8.80 8.86 9.10 9.16 9.10 9.18 9.11 9.24 9.25 9.51 9.65 10.07 9.97
Dry Natural Gas Production

(billion cubic feet per day) ......................... 73.44 73.81 74.14 75.21 74.12 73.95 74.19 74.27 74.74 74.19 73.88 73.89 73.56 74.60 73.76 73.71 72.87 72.17 72.76 72.18 71.71 71.42 72.02 71.21 71.02 71.62 73.30 73.38 73.26 73.83 74.74 74.72 75.84 76.90 78.98 79.45
Coal Production
(million short tons) .................................... 86.6 72.3 81.5 75.2 70.4 66.9 76.5 82.6 77.7 75.7 68.6 63.0 60.6 57.3 55.3 48.2 53.1 59.5 61.8 68.2 65.1 68.7 67.1 63.3 68.4 64.4 64.3 58.8 62.1 66.2 63.0 70.6 62.9 66.4 64.3 63.2
Energy Consumption
Liquid Fuels
(million barrels per day) ............................ 19.26 19.66 19.34 19.25 19.32 19.85 20.13 19.94 19.43 19.49 19.13 19.59 19.06 19.85 19.73 19.34 19.33 19.85 19.78 20.27 19.76 19.65 19.66 19.98 19.32 19.19 20.06 19.60 20.07 20.56 20.12 20.25 19.64 19.99 20.31 20.32
Natural Gas
(billion cubic feet per day) ......................... 100.48 104.47 83.59 66.93 59.94 63.33 66.70 66.22 63.38 64.11 74.97 83.49 99.73 91.46 76.01 69.46 63.41 66.69 70.54 71.24 64.92 62.10 71.98 92.46 93.97 83.54 81.37 64.37 60.99 63.63 69.04 67.52 63.99 65.47 78.49 99.44
Coal (b)
(million short tons) .................................... 76.9 72.3 63.6 53.2 61.9 73.8 81.4 78.6 69.4 58.4 53.6 54.9 66.7 55.2 44.6 43.4 49.3 67.6 78.6 78.2 66.6 59.0 52.5 69.5 68.0 52.4 53.3 48.6 55.2 63.1 74.2 70.2 59.0 54.4 55.4 63.0
Electricity
(billion kilowatt hours per day) ................... 11.03 11.34 10.21 9.54 9.65 11.28 12.13 12.09 11.50 9.92 9.59 9.99 10.74 10.62 9.59 9.35 9.55 11.39 12.41 12.71 11.61 9.94 9.62 10.40 10.65 10.24 9.78 9.47 9.79 11.35 12.27 12.03 11.10 10.03 9.83 10.48
Renewables (c)
(quadrillion Btu) ........................................ 0.81 0.77 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.79 0.82 0.79 0.75 0.77 0.82 0.88 0.86 0.85 0.93 0.88 0.90 0.85 0.87 0.82 0.79 0.83 0.83 0.93 0.90 0.85 1.01 0.99 1.03 0.99 0.92 0.87 0.84 0.91 0.90 0.94
Total Energy Consumption (d)

(quadrillion Btu) ........................................ 9.30 8.61 8.44 7.47 7.65 7.90 8.43 8.32 7.69 7.62 7.68 8.37 9.06 8.23 7.99 7.45 7.58 7.93 8.47 8.54 7.75 7.65 7.71 9.08 8.97 7.61 8.42 7.44 7.79 7.95 8.42 8.29 7.62 7.83 8.12 9.22
Energy Prices
Crude Oil West Texas Intermediate Spot

(dollars per barrel) ..................................... 47.22 50.58 47.82 54.45 59.27 59.82 50.90 42.87 45.48 46.22 42.44 37.19 31.68 30.32 37.55 40.75 46.71 48.76 44.65 44.72 45.18 49.78 45.66 51.97 52.50 53.47 49.33 51.06 48.48 45.18 46.63 48.04 49.82 51.58 56.64 57.88
Natural Gas Henry Hub Spot

(dollars per million Btu) ............................. 2.99 2.87 2.83 2.61 2.85 2.78 2.84 2.77 2.66 2.34 2.09 1.93 2.28 1.99 1.73 1.92 1.92 2.59 2.82 2.82 2.99 2.98 2.55 3.59 3.30 2.85 2.88 3.10 3.15 2.98 2.98 2.90 2.98 2.88 3.01 2.82
Coal
(dollars per million Btu) ............................. 2.29 2.26 2.26 2.23 2.26 2.25 2.21 2.23 2.22 2.15 2.15 2.16 2.12 2.11 2.17 2.16 2.16 2.10 2.11 2.11 2.12 2.07 2.08 2.08 2.09 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.07 2.06 2.05 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.04
Macroeconomic
Real Gross Domestic Product

(billion chained 2012 dollars - SAAR) ........ 17,234 17,278 17,321 17,373 17,408 17,435 17,452 17,465 17,473 17,455 17,466 17,486 17,528 17,557 17,585 17,610 17,639 17,669 17,704 17,735 17,766 17,793 17,824 17,856 17,892 17,925 17,958 17,982 18,019 18,062 18,114 18,163 18,214 18,276 18,324 18,367
Percent change from prior year ................. 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.6 3.4 3.1 2.7 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.8 2.9
GDP Implicit Price Deflator

(Index, 2012=100) ..................................... 104.0 104.0 104.2 104.5 104.7 104.8 104.9 105.0 105.0 105.0 105.0 105.0 104.8 104.9 105.1 105.4 105.6 105.8 105.8 106.0 106.1 106.4 106.5 106.7 106.9 107.0 107.2 107.2 107.4 107.6 107.8 108.0 108.3 108.5 108.7 108.9
Real Disposable Personal Income

(billion chained 2012 dollars - SAAR) ........ 13,226 13,264 13,225 13,296 13,344 13,375 13,407 13,434 13,467 13,476 13,457 13,503 13,557 13,568 13,581 13,561 13,549 13,554 13,592 13,607 13,647 13,672 13,700 13,719 13,803 13,855 13,925 13,917 13,978 13,966 14,005 14,031 14,067 14,113 14,156 14,218
Manufacturing Production Index

(Index, 2012=100) ..................................... 102.7 102.0 102.3 102.1 102.1 101.7 102.3 102.0 101.6 101.6 101.3 101.0 101.7 101.1 101.0 100.6 100.6 100.9 101.1 100.7 101.1 101.4 101.5 101.9 102.5 102.4 102.2 103.3 103.2 103.3 103.1 102.8 102.7 104.1 104.4 104.4
Percent change from prior year ................. 2.5 0.7 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -1.0 -0.8 -0.6 -1.0 -0.9 -2.1 -2.0 -0.9 -0.8 -1.3 -1.5 -1.5 -0.8 -1.2 -1.3 -0.5 -0.2 0.2 0.9 0.8 1.3 1.2 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.0 2.1 1.6 2.6 2.9 2.5
Weather
U.S. Heating Degree-Days ........................ 890 867 584 300 119 24 6 11 32 227 445 581 871 628 450 309 150 21 6 6 39 198 418 783 766 547 543 248 154 25 5 15 45 193 490 798
U.S. Cooling Degree-Days ........................ 9 7 29 53 126 255 336 315 223 77 30 26 7 11 35 43 98 271 384 362 219 86 26 17 17 22 32 56 106 241 363 292 184 78 27 10
Table 2. Energy Prices
2015 2016 2017
Crude Oil (dollars per barrel)
West Texas Intermediate Spot Average ................................. 47.22 50.58 47.82 54.45 59.27 59.82 50.90 42.87 45.48 46.22 42.44 37.19 31.68 30.32 37.55 40.75 46.71 48.76 44.65 44.72 45.18 49.78 45.66 51.97 52.50 53.47 49.33 51.06 48.48 45.18 46.63 48.04 49.82 51.58 56.64 57.88
Brent Spot Average ................................................................. 47.76 58.10 55.89 59.52 64.08 61.48 56.56 46.52 47.62 48.43 44.27 38.01 30.70 32.18 38.21 41.58 46.74 48.25 44.95 45.84 46.57 49.52 44.73 53.29 54.58 54.87 51.59 52.31 50.33 46.37 48.48 51.70 56.15 57.51 62.71 64.37
U.S. Imported Average ........................................................... 44.74 47.18 47.22 51.62 57.51 58.89 52.42 43.23 41.12 42.03 39.05 33.16 27.48 26.66 32.24 35.90 40.88 44.13 41.48 41.21 40.86 44.76 41.80 46.72 48.12 49.38 46.53 47.47 47.21 44.03 44.76 47.62 50.46 51.40 56.30 57.44
U.S. Refiner Average Acquisition Cost .................................. 47.00 48.92 47.99 53.51 58.65 60.12 53.40 44.97 44.38 44.77 41.43 35.63 29.99 28.53 33.82 37.71 42.88 45.96 43.26 42.70 42.73 46.85 44.06 48.66 49.99 51.24 48.65 49.47 48.47 45.25 46.27 48.22 50.78 52.67 57.75 59.53
U.S. Liquid Fuels (cents per gallon)
Refiner Prices for Resale
Gasoline ............................................................................... 137 164 177 184 208 212 207 184 161 156 143 136 119 105 134 148 161 164 149 151 151 157 143 159 163 163 163 172 167 157 162 171 183 173 181 172
Diesel Fuel ........................................................................... 162 186 182 181 197 188 173 156 155 157 146 118 102 104 119 125 143 153 143 144 147 159 147 161 164 164 158 163 155 147 153 168 185 185 194 192
Heating Oil ........................................................................... 167 185 185 174 185 181 165 146 144 141 136 113 98 95 107 111 129 140 131 131 134 144 139 151 156 155 150 150 145 138 139 152 167 170 178 184
Refiner Prices to End Users
Jet Fuel ................................................................................. 163 175 177 174 198 186 169 152 147 147 142 123 104 103 113 119 134 146 139 133 139 151 143 154 158 162 155 160 149 143 148 161 180 174 183 187
No. 6 Residual Fuel Oil (a) .................................................. 126 138 147 152 154 155 136 121 111 109 104 92 71 63 69 78 92 98 103 99 108 112 111 123 131 129 124 120 121 120 121 120 131 130 141 148
Retail Prices Including Taxes
Gasoline Regular Grade (b) ................................................ 212 222 246 247 272 280 279 264 237 229 216 204 195 176 197 211 227 237 224 218 222 225 218 225 235 230 233 242 239 235 230 238 265 251 256 248
Gasoline All Grades (b) ....................................................... 221 230 255 255 280 288 288 273 246 239 226 214 206 187 207 222 237 247 235 228 233 236 230 237 246 242 244 253 250 246 241 249 276 262 268 259
On-highway Diesel Fuel ...................................................... 300 286 290 278 289 287 279 260 251 252 247 231 214 200 209 215 231 242 240 235 239 245 244 251 258 257 255 258 256 251 250 260 278 279 291 291
Heating Oil ........................................................................... 281 286 302 276 279 274 265 244 238 235 230 211 197 192 195 199 210 216 213 207 212 229 226 239 248 247 245 244 238 228 222 229 248 252 263 270
Natural Gas
Henry Hub Spot (dollars per thousand cubic feet) ............... 3.11 2.98 2.94 2.71 2.96 2.89 2.95 2.88 2.76 2.43 2.17 2.00 2.37 2.07 1.80 1.99 2.00 2.69 2.93 2.93 3.11 3.09 2.65 3.73 3.43 2.96 2.99 3.22 3.27 3.09 3.09 3.01 3.09 2.99 3.13 2.93
Henry Hub Spot (dollars per million Btu) ............................. 2.99 2.87 2.83 2.61 2.85 2.78 2.84 2.77 2.66 2.34 2.09 1.93 2.28 1.99 1.73 1.92 1.92 2.59 2.82 2.82 2.99 2.98 2.55 3.59 3.30 2.85 2.88 3.10 3.15 2.98 2.98 2.90 2.98 2.88 3.01 2.82
U.S. Retail Prices (dollars per thousand cubic feet)
Industrial Sector ................................................................... 4.90 4.74 4.46 3.96 3.58 3.76 3.74 3.79 3.65 3.54 3.28 3.48 3.62 3.58 3.02 3.00 2.90 2.89 3.57 3.59 3.74 3.87 3.86 4.27 4.87 4.56 3.94 4.13 4.03 4.06 3.93 3.79 3.84 3.79 3.85 4.21
Commercial Sector .............................................................. 8.15 7.81 7.85 8.03 8.13 8.52 8.49 8.46 8.43 7.79 7.39 7.23 6.75 6.86 7.08 6.98 7.32 7.72 8.14 8.30 8.28 7.96 7.67 7.27 7.58 7.89 7.68 8.04 8.31 8.75 8.81 8.76 8.52 7.97 7.51 7.42
Residential Sector ............................................................... 9.50 9.08 9.28 10.43 12.73 15.07 16.28 16.88 16.40 12.60 10.02 9.27 8.28 8.36 9.19 9.65 11.62 14.43 16.56 17.60 16.78 13.74 10.77 9.06 9.32 10.01 9.86 11.34 13.26 16.06 17.86 18.22 16.92 13.36 10.15 9.29
U.S. Electricity
Power Generation Fuel Costs (dollars per million Btu)
Coal ...................................................................................... 2.29 2.26 2.26 2.23 2.26 2.25 2.21 2.23 2.22 2.15 2.15 2.16 2.12 2.11 2.17 2.16 2.16 2.10 2.11 2.11 2.12 2.07 2.08 2.08 2.09 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.07 2.06 2.05 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.04
Natural Gas ......................................................................... 4.11 4.70 3.55 3.10 3.14 3.12 3.11 3.11 3.06 2.92 2.65 2.59 3.02 2.70 2.23 2.42 2.39 2.67 2.97 2.95 3.07 3.13 3.02 3.96 4.11 3.56 3.35 3.38 3.48 3.29 3.21 3.13 3.16 3.13 3.35 3.63
Residual Fuel Oil (c) ............................................................ 12.28 10.30 10.37 11.83 10.83 12.20 11.34 11.25 8.44 7.74 7.77 7.81 7.08 5.77 5.63 7.53 9.07 8.93 11.72 8.55 8.42 8.75 9.03 9.65 11.25 10.77 11.42 10.64 10.69 10.48 9.99 10.03 10.06 10.61 10.28 13.60
Distillate Fuel Oil .................................................................. 13.37 16.46 15.60 14.82 15.34 15.29 14.37 13.05 12.02 12.44 12.38 10.57 8.90 8.78 9.46 9.97 10.76 12.22 12.08 11.41 11.29 12.04 12.01 12.22 13.02 12.98 12.35 13.00 12.22 11.56 11.82 12.95 14.52 14.11 14.61 14.63
Retail Prices (cents per kilowatthour)
Industrial Sector ................................................................... 6.67 6.88 6.83 6.61 6.74 7.11 7.45 7.35 7.21 6.88 6.61 6.45 6.44 6.42 6.46 6.44 6.57 7.03 7.23 7.23 7.14 6.73 6.66 6.67 6.59 6.63 6.71 6.60 6.78 7.19 7.31 7.22 7.17 6.91 6.73 6.54
Commercial Sector .............................................................. 10.31 10.62 10.63 10.37 10.47 10.89 11.07 10.94 10.98 10.73 10.30 10.13 10.08 10.25 10.23 10.19 10.31 10.66 10.68 10.76 10.77 10.55 10.32 10.17 10.21 10.48 10.46 10.40 10.59 11.01 10.97 11.01 11.03 10.78 10.49 10.28
Residential Sector ............................................................... 12.10 12.29 12.33 12.62 12.93 12.92 12.94 12.91 13.03 12.72 12.71 12.32 11.99 12.14 12.56 12.43 12.79 12.73 12.68 12.88 12.87 12.46 12.75 12.23 12.21 12.79 12.89 12.72 13.07 13.20 13.08 13.15 13.28 12.80 12.94 12.45
Table 3a. International Petroleum and Other Liquids Production, Consumption, and Inventories
2015 2016 2017
Supply (million barrels per day) (a)
OECD ............................................... 26.94 27.11 27.15 27.09 26.69 26.73 27.36 27.39 26.92 27.23 27.55 27.58 27.43 27.10 27.18 26.59 26.02 25.91 26.96 26.59 26.01 26.89 27.59 26.94 27.13 27.60 27.63 27.04 27.23 27.19 27.65 27.57 27.13 28.12 28.98 28.54
U.S. (50 States) ............................ 14.77 14.94 15.08 15.36 15.22 15.06 15.24 15.23 15.26 15.23 15.23 15.13 15.00 14.83 15.04 14.86 15.03 14.81 14.84 14.64 14.46 14.81 14.99 14.73 14.76 15.17 15.36 15.27 15.48 15.50 15.56 15.57 15.63 16.18 16.82 16.52
Canada ......................................... 4.70 4.74 4.63 4.30 4.00 4.20 4.62 4.76 4.30 4.42 4.69 4.77 4.82 4.74 4.66 4.32 3.68 3.98 4.61 4.75 4.75 4.81 5.14 4.92 5.12 5.14 4.91 4.50 4.63 4.69 4.96 5.12 4.93 4.95 5.27 5.35
Mexico .......................................... 2.63 2.71 2.69 2.54 2.58 2.60 2.63 2.62 2.62 2.63 2.61 2.61 2.60 2.54 2.53 2.50 2.50 2.53 2.50 2.49 2.44 2.42 2.40 2.36 2.34 2.35 2.34 2.33 2.33 2.32 2.30 2.22 2.02 2.19 2.13 2.13
Other OECD .................................. 4.83 4.72 4.74 4.89 4.88 4.87 4.87 4.78 4.75 4.96 5.02 5.07 5.01 4.99 4.95 4.90 4.81 4.59 5.01 4.72 4.36 4.85 5.06 4.93 4.91 4.94 5.01 4.93 4.78 4.68 4.83 4.65 4.56 4.81 4.75 4.54
Non-OECD ....................................... 68.56 68.27 69.30 69.43 70.08 70.57 70.62 70.42 70.64 70.54 70.50 70.44 70.41 69.88 69.97 70.24 70.33 70.93 70.95 70.30 71.02 71.38 71.84 71.39 70.22 69.90 69.23 69.63 70.38 71.16 71.41 70.74 71.27 70.81 70.55 70.23
OPEC ............................................ 35.31 35.18 35.98 36.18 36.48 36.75 37.01 36.61 36.99 36.74 36.85 36.83 37.26 36.79 37.04 37.13 37.00 37.43 37.63 37.50 37.52 37.84 38.31 38.05 37.26 37.06 36.57 36.78 37.26 37.66 37.89 37.69 37.85 37.58 37.42 37.35
Crude Oil Portion ....................... 30.06 29.96 30.79 30.94 31.18 31.63 31.84 31.62 31.76 31.53 31.65 31.64 32.02 31.61 31.71 31.82 31.85 32.28 32.35 32.23 32.30 32.55 32.94 32.79 31.85 31.73 31.35 31.42 31.93 32.37 32.59 32.45 32.59 32.40 32.13 32.00
Other Liquids (b) ........................ 5.24 5.22 5.19 5.24 5.30 5.11 5.17 4.99 5.23 5.21 5.20 5.19 5.23 5.18 5.33 5.31 5.16 5.15 5.27 5.27 5.22 5.29 5.37 5.26 5.41 5.33 5.22 5.36 5.33 5.29 5.30 5.24 5.25 5.19 5.29 5.35
Former Soviet Union ..................... 14.20 14.11 14.30 13.99 14.15 13.96 14.09 14.05 13.96 14.08 14.22 14.27 14.34 14.35 14.40 14.15 14.04 14.18 13.96 13.63 14.24 14.54 14.52 14.59 14.48 14.47 14.41 14.38 14.29 14.32 14.34 14.15 14.26 14.25 14.38 14.41
China ............................................ 5.13 5.12 5.16 5.16 5.17 5.31 5.17 5.18 5.22 5.16 5.20 5.18 5.09 5.07 5.01 4.96 4.90 4.96 4.86 4.80 4.81 4.71 4.84 4.86 4.80 4.75 4.80 4.82 4.79 4.92 4.81 4.74 4.76 4.76 4.81 4.76
Other Non-OECD .......................... 13.92 13.85 13.86 14.11 14.27 14.55 14.36 14.57 14.47 14.55 14.23 14.16 13.73 13.67 13.52 14.01 14.38 14.36 14.50 14.37 14.45 14.30 14.18 13.89 13.67 13.61 13.45 13.65 14.04 14.27 14.37 14.16 14.41 14.22 13.93 13.71
Total World Supply ........................... 95.49 95.38 96.44 96.52 96.77 97.31 97.99 97.81 97.57 97.77 98.05 98.02 97.84 96.98 97.14 96.83 96.35 96.84 97.91 96.90 97.03 98.26 99.43 98.32 97.35 97.50 96.85 96.67 97.61 98.35 99.06 98.30 98.41 98.93 99.53 98.77
Non-OPEC Supply ........................... 60.19 60.20 60.46 60.34 60.28 60.56 60.97 61.20 60.58 61.02 61.20 61.19 60.58 60.20 60.10 59.70 59.35 59.41 60.28 59.39 59.51 60.43 61.12 60.27 60.09 60.44 60.28 59.89 60.34 60.69 61.16 60.61 60.56 61.35 62.11 61.43
Consumption (million barrels per day) (c)

OECD ............................................... 45.75 47.88 46.28 45.86 44.64 46.42 47.17 46.94 46.77 46.32 45.75 47.39 45.45 47.71 47.09 46.14 45.47 46.54 46.53 48.09 47.16 46.63 47.20 48.17 45.93 46.92 47.69 45.98 47.07 48.03 47.54 47.81 47.40 47.20 48.35 48.25
U.S. (50 States) ............................ 19.26 19.66 19.34 19.25 19.32 19.85 20.13 19.94 19.43 19.49 19.13 19.59 19.06 19.85 19.73 19.34 19.33 19.85 19.78 20.27 19.76 19.65 19.66 19.98 19.32 19.19 20.06 19.60 20.07 20.56 20.12 20.25 19.64 19.99 20.31 20.32
U.S. Territories .............................. 0.15 0.15 0.19 0.12 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.14 0.19 0.16 0.13 0.15 0.15 0.19 0.12 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.14 0.19 0.16 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.18 0.11 0.16 0.15 0.14 0.16 0.07 0.12 0.09 0.06
Canada ......................................... 2.50 2.59 2.39 2.34 2.38 2.45 2.50 2.51 2.52 2.50 2.46 2.42 2.48 2.44 2.41 2.37 2.41 2.50 2.51 2.64 2.56 2.45 2.50 2.57 2.35 2.32 2.37 2.16 2.41 2.44 2.46 2.56 2.47 2.48 2.56 2.45
Europe .......................................... 13.05 13.95 13.55 13.75 13.14 14.05 14.25 14.04 14.49 13.96 13.55 13.93 12.88 13.84 13.90 13.98 13.60 14.02 14.03 14.56 14.53 14.26 14.06 14.04 13.51 13.90 14.13 13.86 14.25 14.74 14.64 14.58 14.98 14.51 14.54 14.18
Japan ............................................ 4.55 5.06 4.53 4.18 3.62 3.70 3.82 3.94 3.88 3.86 4.00 4.64 4.36 4.65 4.38 3.95 3.55 3.54 3.75 3.84 3.70 3.75 4.13 4.57 4.15 4.54 4.25 3.83 3.54 3.51 3.62 3.73 3.66 3.63 4.13 4.54
Other OECD .................................. 6.24 6.47 6.28 6.21 6.03 6.21 6.32 6.35 6.31 6.33 6.45 6.68 6.52 6.78 6.48 6.39 6.41 6.49 6.31 6.61 6.48 6.32 6.70 6.87 6.46 6.82 6.69 6.42 6.64 6.64 6.56 6.54 6.57 6.46 6.71 6.70
Non-OECD ....................................... 47.70 48.82 47.55 49.79 48.34 51.30 50.56 49.17 50.65 49.27 49.31 51.46 47.69 50.48 50.08 50.60 50.67 50.31 49.61 51.23 49.99 49.12 50.63 51.08 49.16 50.34 50.95 50.62 51.97 52.45 51.05 51.16 52.45 51.22 52.60 50.91
Eurasia .......................................... 4.45 4.55 4.24 4.60 4.72 4.86 4.95 5.03 4.75 4.72 4.77 4.85 4.51 4.76 4.64 4.50 4.60 4.81 4.96 5.15 4.92 4.95 4.96 4.97 4.49 4.71 4.58 4.66 4.70 4.95 5.07 5.06 5.07 4.91 4.90 4.91
Europe .......................................... 0.66 0.66 0.71 0.67 0.70 0.72 0.70 0.72 0.71 0.70 0.73 0.71 0.69 0.71 0.71 0.72 0.72 0.75 0.74 0.74 0.72 0.74 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.73 0.73 0.72 0.72 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.75 0.74 0.74
China ............................................ 12.07 12.44 11.64 13.19 11.06 13.18 13.30 11.87 12.53 11.85 11.91 13.61 11.45 13.44 12.87 13.42 13.14 12.69 12.15 12.80 12.89 11.78 13.18 13.79 12.91 12.97 13.60 13.22 13.84 13.75 12.86 12.69 14.01 12.98 14.49 13.02
Other Asia ..................................... 12.01 12.54 12.24 12.40 12.46 12.52 12.06 11.98 12.43 12.24 12.43 12.83 12.86 13.21 13.26 13.47 13.14 12.54 12.60 12.91 12.59 12.96 13.15 12.96 12.81 13.42 13.39 13.47 13.65 13.38 13.04 13.18 13.25 13.35 13.60 13.55
Other Non-OECD .......................... 18.51 18.62 18.73 18.93 19.41 20.01 19.55 19.57 20.22 19.76 19.46 19.45 18.19 18.36 18.61 18.49 19.07 19.51 19.16 19.64 18.88 18.70 18.62 18.65 18.22 18.51 18.64 18.54 19.06 19.63 19.34 19.49 19.38 19.23 18.87 18.69
Total World Consumption ................. 93.44 96.69 93.84 95.65 92.98 97.72 97.73 96.11 97.42 95.60 95.06 98.85 93.14 98.19 97.17 96.75 96.14 96.85 96.13 99.32 97.16 95.75 97.83 99.25 95.09 97.26 98.64 96.60 99.03 100.48 98.59 98.97 99.84 98.42 100.95 99.17
Total Crude Oil and Other Liquids Inventory Net Withdrawals (million barrels per day)
U.S. (50 States) ............................... -0.71 -0.02 -1.07 -0.87 -0.69 -0.34 0.07 -0.71 -0.31 -0.24 -0.47 0.23 -1.02 -0.15 -0.21 -0.36 -0.50 0.04 -0.55 0.00 0.50 -0.06 -0.11 0.86 -0.75 0.13 0.60 0.07 -0.18 0.80 0.37 0.36 0.31 1.18 0.60 0.93
Other OECD ..................................... -0.32 0.11 -0.79 -0.14 -1.28 0.39 -0.25 -1.19 0.17 0.16 -0.15 -0.93 -0.98 -0.01 0.43 0.10 -0.33 -0.16 -1.20 0.49 0.40 0.45 0.48 0.74 -1.67 0.14 0.45 -0.61 0.29 0.54 -0.47 0.34 1.16 0.54 0.27 0.60
Other Stock Draws and Balance ...... -1.02 1.22 -0.74 0.13 -1.81 0.36 -0.07 0.21 -0.01 -2.09 -2.38 1.52 -2.70 1.36 -0.20 0.18 0.61 0.14 -0.03 1.93 -0.78 -2.91 -1.97 -0.67 0.16 -0.51 0.74 0.47 1.32 0.78 -0.36 -0.03 -0.04 -2.23 0.55 -1.13
Total Stock Draw ........................... -2.05 1.31 -2.60 -0.87 -3.78 0.41 -0.25 -1.69 -0.14 -2.17 -2.99 0.83 -4.70 1.20 0.03 -0.09 -0.21 0.01 -1.78 2.43 0.13 -2.51 -1.60 0.93 -2.26 -0.24 1.79 -0.07 1.43 2.13 -0.46 0.67 1.44 -0.51 1.42 0.39
End-of-period Commercial Crude Oil and Other Liquids Inventories (million barrels)
U.S. Commercial Inventory .............. 1,156 1,157 1,190 1,216 1,236 1,245 1,241 1,263 1,273 1,280 1,294 1,287 1,319 1,323 1,329 1,340 1,355 1,354 1,371 1,371 1,356 1,358 1,361 1,334 1,358 1,354 1,339 1,340 1,349 1,331 1,320 1,308 1,304 1,272 1,262 1,232
OECD Commercial Inventory ........... 2,722 2,718 2,773 2,800 2,862 2,860 2,868 2,929 2,935 2,937 2,955 2,970 3,029 3,033 3,023 3,033 3,059 3,063 3,114 3,098 3,071 3,060 3,041 2,994 3,067 3,058 3,029 3,047 3,049 3,013 3,020 2,999 2,960 2,915 2,894 2,844
Table 3b. Non-OPEC Petroleum and Other Liquids Supply (million barrels per day)
2015 2016 2017
North America ............................................................ 22.11 22.39 22.41 22.20 21.80 21.87 22.49 22.61 22.18 22.27 22.53 22.51 22.42 22.11 22.23 21.68 21.21 21.32 21.95 21.88 21.65 22.04 22.53 22.01 22.23 22.66 22.61 22.10 22.45 22.51 22.82 22.91 22.58 23.31 24.23 24.00
Canada ......................................................................... 4.70 4.74 4.63 4.30 4.00 4.20 4.62 4.76 4.30 4.42 4.69 4.77 4.82 4.74 4.66 4.32 3.68 3.98 4.61 4.75 4.75 4.81 5.14 4.92 5.12 5.14 4.91 4.50 4.63 4.69 4.96 5.12 4.93 4.95 5.27 5.35
Mexico .......................................................................... 2.63 2.71 2.69 2.54 2.58 2.60 2.63 2.62 2.62 2.63 2.61 2.61 2.60 2.54 2.53 2.50 2.50 2.53 2.50 2.49 2.44 2.42 2.40 2.36 2.34 2.35 2.34 2.33 2.33 2.32 2.30 2.22 2.02 2.19 2.13 2.13
United States ................................................................ 14.77 14.94 15.08 15.36 15.22 15.06 15.24 15.23 15.26 15.23 15.23 15.13 15.00 14.83 15.04 14.86 15.03 14.81 14.84 14.64 14.46 14.81 14.99 14.73 14.76 15.17 15.36 15.27 15.48 15.50 15.56 15.57 15.63 16.18 16.82 16.52
Central and South America ...................................... 5.02 4.94 4.91 5.19 5.42 5.66 5.56 5.82 5.59 5.72 5.31 5.25 4.83 4.73 4.68 5.21 5.56 5.48 5.64 5.59 5.71 5.49 5.36 5.12 4.98 4.96 4.83 5.11 5.46 5.65 5.73 5.60 5.81 5.60 5.31 5.09
Argentina ...................................................................... 0.70 0.69 0.69 0.70 0.70 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.73 0.72 0.69 0.69 0.70 0.70 0.71 0.70 0.70 0.71 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.72 0.68 0.68 0.67 0.66 0.65 0.68 0.67 0.68 0.66 0.68 0.70 0.70 0.69
Brazil ............................................................................ 2.80 2.74 2.71 3.01 3.25 3.46 3.43 3.68 3.40 3.52 3.12 3.08 2.72 2.62 2.61 3.13 3.50 3.45 3.63 3.59 3.68 3.47 3.34 3.14 2.99 2.97 2.92 3.15 3.49 3.67 3.74 3.62 3.84 3.60 3.31 3.07
Colombia ...................................................................... 1.06 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.03 0.97 0.99 1.03 1.03 1.01 1.02 1.01 0.98 0.94 0.94 0.93 0.91 0.87 0.85 0.88 0.87 0.88 0.86 0.89 0.89 0.83 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.89 0.88 0.90
Other Central and S. America ....................................... 0.46 0.45 0.45 0.43 0.42 0.44 0.44 0.43 0.43 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.41 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.41 0.42 0.42 0.41 0.41 0.42 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.43 0.42 0.44 0.41 0.41 0.42 0.44
Europe ........................................................................ 4.28 4.21 4.30 4.36 4.42 4.31 4.28 4.19 4.19 4.41 4.46 4.51 4.49 4.48 4.45 4.41 4.34 4.09 4.49 4.19 3.85 4.34 4.57 4.47 4.43 4.46 4.51 4.45 4.28 4.18 4.31 4.14 4.08 4.31 4.26 4.06
Norway ......................................................................... 1.93 1.93 1.95 1.95 1.91 1.96 1.96 1.93 1.87 2.03 2.00 2.06 2.04 2.07 2.02 2.04 1.97 1.82 2.14 1.94 1.62 2.12 2.16 2.07 2.04 2.08 2.14 2.13 2.00 1.89 2.01 1.94 1.79 1.95 1.88 1.94
United Kingdom ............................................................ 1.00 0.94 0.99 1.05 1.16 1.01 0.97 0.90 0.97 1.03 1.11 1.12 1.15 1.17 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.04 1.14 0.98 0.96 0.92 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.11 1.11 1.08 1.11 1.10 1.08 0.97 1.03 1.12 1.14 0.88
Eurasia ........................................................................ 14.20 14.11 14.30 13.99 14.15 13.96 14.09 14.05 13.96 14.08 14.22 14.27 14.34 14.35 14.40 14.15 14.04 14.18 13.96 13.63 14.24 14.54 14.52 14.59 14.48 14.47 14.41 14.38 14.29 14.32 14.34 14.15 14.26 14.25 14.38 14.41
Azerbaijan .................................................................... 0.89 0.88 0.90 0.89 0.83 0.83 0.86 0.82 0.88 0.86 0.82 0.82 0.85 0.86 0.88 0.87 0.86 0.88 0.88 0.85 0.78 0.83 0.75 0.81 0.82 0.80 0.76 0.80 0.80 0.81 0.81 0.76 0.81 0.81 0.80 0.82
Kazakhstan ................................................................... 1.79 1.79 1.83 1.76 1.81 1.70 1.76 1.71 1.62 1.64 1.80 1.82 1.76 1.77 1.75 1.62 1.57 1.71 1.70 1.38 1.64 1.79 1.84 1.86 1.84 1.87 1.91 1.88 1.85 1.88 1.90 1.81 1.86 1.83 1.96 1.96
Russia .......................................................................... 11.04 10.98 11.06 10.91 11.07 10.98 11.02 11.07 11.01 11.14 11.16 11.20 11.28 11.28 11.31 11.22 11.18 11.17 10.95 10.98 11.37 11.47 11.47 11.47 11.38 11.36 11.30 11.25 11.19 11.19 11.19 11.15 11.15 11.17 11.19 11.20
Turkmenistan ................................................................ 0.30 0.27 0.32 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28
Other Eurasia ............................................................... 0.18 0.20 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.16
Middle East ................................................................. 3.18 3.17 3.18 3.17 3.14 3.16 3.16 3.15 3.15 3.14 3.16 3.17 3.11 3.13 3.15 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.15 3.15 3.08 3.11 3.13 3.11 3.04 3.03 3.02 3.04 3.05 3.05 3.06 3.06 3.06 3.06 3.05 3.08
Oman ............................................................................ 0.97 0.97 0.99 0.97 0.98 1.00 1.01 1.00 0.99 0.99 1.00 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.01 1.02 1.02 1.00 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.99 0.97 0.99
Qatar ............................................................................ 1.99 1.99 1.99 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 1.96 1.98 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.94 1.96 1.98 1.98 1.97 1.95 1.95 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.98 1.99
Asia and Oceania ...................................................... 9.86 9.80 9.80 9.86 9.81 10.03 9.86 9.80 9.95 9.83 9.97 9.92 9.85 9.86 9.73 9.62 9.53 9.67 9.58 9.43 9.45 9.38 9.50 9.47 9.39 9.34 9.38 9.29 9.29 9.47 9.37 9.21 9.21 9.25 9.31 9.22
Australia ....................................................................... 0.42 0.39 0.31 0.38 0.33 0.43 0.45 0.45 0.42 0.40 0.42 0.42 0.39 0.38 0.37 0.36 0.35 0.37 0.40 0.40 0.38 0.38 0.37 0.34 0.33 0.33 0.34 0.33 0.35 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.33 0.35 0.34 0.32
China ............................................................................ 5.13 5.12 5.16 5.16 5.17 5.31 5.17 5.18 5.22 5.16 5.20 5.18 5.09 5.07 5.01 4.96 4.90 4.96 4.86 4.80 4.81 4.71 4.84 4.86 4.80 4.75 4.80 4.82 4.79 4.92 4.81 4.74 4.76 4.76 4.81 4.76
India .............................................................................. 1.03 1.02 1.04 1.01 1.03 1.02 1.00 1.05 1.03 1.04 1.04 1.02 1.02 1.04 1.01 1.00 1.02 1.01 1.02 1.02 1.00 1.01 1.00 1.03 1.02 1.03 1.02 1.00 1.01 1.03 1.03 1.01 1.01 1.02 1.00 1.01
Indonesia ...................................................................... 0.85 0.84 0.84 0.87 0.87 0.88 0.88 0.86 0.88 0.88 0.87 0.87 0.93 0.95 0.96 0.94 0.96 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.92 0.92 0.90 0.91 0.90 0.90 0.89 0.90 0.89 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.90
Malaysia ....................................................................... 0.75 0.76 0.77 0.75 0.77 0.69 0.67 0.66 0.72 0.69 0.74 0.73 0.78 0.78 0.77 0.76 0.74 0.79 0.79 0.73 0.73 0.75 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.76 0.76 0.72 0.72 0.78 0.76 0.72 0.74 0.74 0.76 0.74
Vietnam ........................................................................ 0.36 0.35 0.35 0.33 0.31 0.37 0.35 0.32 0.36 0.34 0.36 0.34 0.33 0.32 0.32 0.33 0.32 0.32 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.27 0.27 0.28 0.28 0.27
Africa .......................................................................... 1.55 1.56 1.58 1.57 1.55 1.57 1.54 1.57 1.56 1.56 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.53 1.46 1.50 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.55 1.54 1.53 1.52 1.54 1.53 1.51 1.52 1.53 1.53 1.54 1.54 1.57 1.56 1.56 1.56
Egypt ............................................................................ 0.71 0.72 0.73 0.72 0.71 0.72 0.73 0.73 0.72 0.72 0.71 0.71 0.70 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.68 0.68 0.67 0.66 0.65 0.66 0.65 0.64 0.65 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.67 0.67 0.66 0.66
South Sudan ................................................................. 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.17 0.14 0.14 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15
Total non-OPEC liquids .............................................. 60.19 60.20 60.46 60.34 60.28 60.56 60.97 61.20 60.58 61.02 61.20 61.19 60.58 60.20 60.10 59.70 59.35 59.41 60.28 59.39 59.51 60.43 61.12 60.27 60.09 60.44 60.28 59.89 60.34 60.69 61.16 60.61 60.56 61.35 62.11 61.43
OPEC non-crude liquids .......................................... 5.24 5.22 5.19 5.24 5.30 5.11 5.17 4.99 5.23 5.21 5.20 5.19 5.23 5.18 5.33 5.31 5.16 5.15 5.27 5.27 5.22 5.29 5.37 5.26 5.41 5.33 5.22 5.36 5.33 5.29 5.30 5.24 5.25 5.19 5.29 5.35
Non-OPEC + OPEC non-crude ................................ 65.43 65.42 65.65 65.58 65.58 65.67 66.15 66.18 65.81 66.24 66.40 66.38 65.82 65.38 65.43 65.01 64.50 64.56 65.56 64.66 64.74 65.71 66.50 65.53 65.50 65.77 65.51 65.24 65.67 65.98 66.47 65.85 65.81 66.53 67.40 66.78
Unplanned non-OPEC Production Outages ............. 0.25 0.26 0.30 0.51 0.46 0.42 0.39 0.32 0.50 0.31 0.36 0.35 0.37 0.38 0.39 0.37 1.09 0.79 0.46 0.36 0.44 0.33 0.38 0.34 0.31 0.21 0.38 0.62 0.55 0.47 0.41 0.58 0.50 0.49 0.23 0.52
Table 3c. OPEC Crude Oil (excluding Condensates) Supply (million barrels per day)
2015 2016 2017
Crude Oil
Algeria ............................................................. 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.03 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 0.98 1.00 1.03
Angola ............................................................. 1.80 1.75 1.70 1.77 1.75 1.80 1.83 1.85 1.78 1.75 1.80 1.80 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.80 1.81 1.81 1.82 1.75 1.60 1.68 1.65 1.64 1.67 1.61 1.68 1.64 1.67 1.65 1.67 1.65 1.68 1.58 1.62
Congo (Brazzaville) ......................................... 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.23 0.22 0.23 0.26 0.26 0.23 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.19 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.20 0.18 0.17 0.16 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.16 0.17 0.19 0.25 0.27 0.26 0.27 0.29 0.30 0.31
Ecuador .......................................................... 0.56 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.53 0.53 0.54 0.55 0.56 0.56 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.56 0.55 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.53 0.53 0.52 0.52
Equatorial Guinea ........................................... 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.13
Gabon ............................................................. 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.20 0.22 0.22 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.21 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.19 0.20
Iran ................................................................. 2.80 2.80 2.80 2.80 2.80 2.80 2.80 2.80 2.80 2.80 2.80 2.80 3.05 3.20 3.50 3.59 3.62 3.63 3.65 3.67 3.69 3.70 3.72 3.78 3.80 3.80 3.81 3.81 3.81 3.82 3.83 3.83 3.84 3.85 3.84 3.83
Iraq ................................................................. 3.45 3.30 3.70 3.75 3.90 4.25 4.30 4.20 4.40 4.25 4.40 4.40 4.45 4.20 4.20 4.45 4.33 4.38 4.39 4.44 4.46 4.54 4.62 4.66 4.54 4.42 4.41 4.40 4.45 4.47 4.48 4.50 4.54 4.39 4.32 4.38
Kuwait ............................................................. 2.70 2.70 2.70 2.72 2.73 2.73 2.76 2.80 2.80 2.75 2.80 2.85 2.90 2.86 2.88 2.65 2.86 2.86 2.90 2.91 2.91 2.91 2.92 2.92 2.78 2.72 2.71 2.71 2.71 2.72 2.71 2.71 2.73 2.74 2.71 2.70
Libya ............................................................... 0.37 0.36 0.48 0.51 0.43 0.41 0.40 0.36 0.38 0.42 0.38 0.37 0.37 0.36 0.32 0.33 0.29 0.33 0.31 0.25 0.31 0.55 0.58 0.62 0.68 0.69 0.59 0.54 0.78 0.85 1.01 0.89 0.93 0.96 0.98 0.92
Nigeria ............................................................ 1.80 1.79 1.74 1.74 1.73 1.62 1.79 1.75 1.77 1.80 1.83 1.74 1.83 1.78 1.58 1.57 1.31 1.44 1.34 1.21 1.27 1.41 1.50 1.35 1.39 1.43 1.33 1.38 1.52 1.56 1.66 1.68 1.71 1.69 1.73 1.76
Saudi Arabia ................................................... 9.60 9.70 10.10 10.10 10.30 10.45 10.36 10.25 10.25 10.20 10.10 10.10 10.20 10.20 10.20 10.20 10.30 10.50 10.63 10.60 10.56 10.55 10.60 10.50 9.98 10.00 9.95 9.98 10.05 10.25 10.20 10.14 10.19 10.16 10.13 10.06
United Arab Emirates ...................................... 2.84 2.85 2.86 2.89 2.90 2.91 2.91 2.92 2.92 2.93 2.92 2.94 2.99 2.77 2.79 2.80 2.98 3.01 3.03 3.06 3.09 3.07 3.10 3.10 2.94 2.92 2.90 2.88 2.90 2.92 2.92 2.92 2.92 2.91 2.88 2.90
Venezuela ....................................................... 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.20 2.18 2.12 2.11 2.10 2.09 2.08 2.05 2.00 1.99 1.99 1.98 1.98 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.94 1.89 1.82 1.64
OPEC Total .................................................. 30.06 29.96 30.79 30.94 31.18 31.63 31.84 31.62 31.76 31.53 31.65 31.64 32.02 31.61 31.71 31.82 31.85 32.28 32.35 32.23 32.30 32.55 32.94 32.79 31.85 31.73 31.35 31.42 31.93 32.37 32.59 32.45 32.59 32.40 32.13 32.00
Other Liquids (a) .............................................. 5.24 5.22 5.19 5.24 5.30 5.11 5.17 4.99 5.23 5.21 5.20 5.19 5.23 5.18 5.33 5.31 5.16 5.15 5.27 5.27 5.22 5.29 5.37 5.26 5.41 5.33 5.22 5.36 5.33 5.29 5.30 5.24 5.25 5.19 5.29 5.35
Total OPEC Supply ........................................... 35.31 35.18 35.98 36.18 36.48 36.75 37.01 36.61 36.99 36.74 36.85 36.83 37.26 36.79 37.04 37.13 37.00 37.43 37.63 37.50 37.52 37.84 38.31 38.05 37.26 37.06 36.57 36.78 37.26 37.66 37.89 37.69 37.85 37.58 37.42 37.35
Crude Oil Production Capacity

Africa .............................................................. 5.72 5.66 5.68 5.73 5.61 5.55 5.77 5.72 5.65 5.66 5.70 5.61 5.61 5.54 5.29 5.28 5.00 5.17 5.09 4.90 4.93 5.14 5.35 5.24 5.27 5.34 5.05 5.14 5.50 5.70 5.96 5.86 5.91 5.93 5.91 5.97
Middle East ..................................................... 23.44 23.30 23.71 23.81 23.93 24.24 24.32 24.27 24.47 24.28 24.47 24.54 24.94 24.68 25.02 25.05 25.34 25.43 25.52 25.63 25.70 25.77 25.91 26.01 26.03 26.03 26.04 26.02 26.02 26.03 26.04 26.04 26.05 26.06 25.93 25.92
South America ................................................ 2.96 2.95 2.95 2.95 2.94 2.94 2.94 2.94 2.94 2.94 2.94 2.93 2.83 2.84 2.85 2.86 2.76 2.73 2.67 2.66 2.66 2.64 2.62 2.59 2.54 2.53 2.52 2.51 2.51 2.50 2.50 2.49 2.47 2.42 2.34 2.16
OPEC Total .................................................. 32.11 31.91 32.34 32.49 32.49 32.73 33.03 32.93 33.06 32.88 33.10 33.09 33.37 33.06 33.16 33.18 33.10 33.33 33.28 33.18 33.29 33.55 33.89 33.84 33.84 33.90 33.61 33.66 34.03 34.23 34.50 34.39 34.42 34.41 34.18 34.05
Surplus Crude Oil Production Capacity

Africa .............................................................. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Middle East ..................................................... 2.05 1.95 1.55 1.55 1.30 1.10 1.19 1.30 1.30 1.35 1.45 1.45 1.35 1.45 1.45 1.36 1.25 1.05 0.92 0.95 0.99 1.00 0.95 1.05 1.99 2.17 2.27 2.24 2.10 1.86 1.91 1.94 1.83 2.01 2.05 2.05
South America ................................................ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
OPEC Total .................................................. 2.05 1.95 1.55 1.55 1.30 1.10 1.19 1.30 1.30 1.35 1.45 1.45 1.35 1.45 1.45 1.36 1.25 1.05 0.92 0.95 0.99 1.00 0.95 1.05 1.99 2.17 2.27 2.24 2.10 1.86 1.91 1.94 1.83 2.01 2.05 2.05
Unplanned OPEC Production Outages ........... 2.65 2.59 2.45 2.30 2.76 2.79 2.75 2.75 2.73 2.84 2.71 2.79 1.88 2.15 2.25 2.44 2.58 2.29 2.32 2.42 2.29 2.00 1.91 1.90 1.81 1.79 1.84 1.89 1.54 1.37 1.15 1.24 1.13 1.23 1.21 1.19
Table 3d. World Petroleum and Other Liquids Consumption (million barrels per day)
2015
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug
North America .............................................................. 23.70 24.22 23.67 23.55 23.66 24.32 24.75 24.49
Canada .......................................................................... 2.50 2.59 2.39 2.34 2.38 2.45 2.50 2.51
Mexico ........................................................................... 1.93 1.96 1.93 1.95 1.96 2.01 2.11 2.03
United States ................................................................. 19.26 19.66 19.34 19.25 19.32 19.85 20.13 19.94
Central and South America ...................................... 7.08 7.04 7.22 7.28 7.00 7.28 7.26 7.09
Brazil ............................................................................. 3.18 3.07 3.19 3.21 3.02 3.24 3.20 3.17
Europe ......................................................................... 13.71 14.61 14.25 14.43 13.83 14.77 14.95 14.76
Eurasia ......................................................................... 4.45 4.55 4.24 4.60 4.72 4.86 4.95 5.03
Russia ........................................................................... 3.41 3.47 3.18 3.48 3.60 3.75 3.81 3.88
Middle East ................................................................. 7.99 8.17 8.13 8.17 9.01 9.36 8.96 9.23
Asia and Oceania ...................................................... 32.41 34.00 32.23 33.50 30.69 33.07 32.85 31.58
China ............................................................................. 12.07 12.44 11.64 13.19 11.06 13.18 13.30 11.87
Japan ............................................................................. 4.55 5.06 4.53 4.18 3.62 3.70 3.82 3.94
India ............................................................................... 3.90 4.38 4.11 4.23 4.28 4.24 4.02 3.98
Africa ........................................................................... 4.11 4.10 4.10 4.12 4.08 4.06 4.01 3.94
Total OECD Liquid Fuels Consumption .................... 45.75 47.88 46.28 45.86 44.64 46.42 47.17 46.94
Total non-OECD Liquid Fuels Consumption ............ 47.70 48.82 47.55 49.79 48.34 51.30 50.56 49.17
Total World Liquid Fuels Consumption .................... 93.44 96.69 93.84 95.65 92.98 97.72 97.73 96.11
World Real Gross Domestic Product (a) ...................

World Index, 2015 Q1 = 100 ......................................... 99.77 100.01 100.22 100.33 100.52 100.72 100.97 101.18
Percent change from prior year ................................. 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.8
OECD Index, 2015 Q1 = 100 ........................................ 99.77 100.02 100.21 100.20 100.32 100.44 100.60 100.73
Non-OECD Index, 2015 Q1 = 100 ................................ 99.78 100.00 100.22 100.45 100.71 100.98 101.32 101.61
Real U.S. Dollar Exchange Rate (a)

Index, 2015 Q1 = 100 ................................................... 99.33 100.13 100.53 99.55 99.88 100.54 102.25 103.04
Percent change from prior year .................................... 6.7 7.4 7.8 7.6 8.1 8.7 10.7 11.0
day)
2016
Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct
24.02 24.03 23.57 24.15 23.60 24.39 24.25 23.72 23.77 24.46 24.32 24.99 24.33 24.10
2.52 2.50 2.46 2.42 2.48 2.44 2.41 2.37 2.41 2.50 2.51 2.64 2.56 2.45
2.06 2.04 1.97 2.13 2.05 2.09 2.10 2.01 2.02 2.10 2.03 2.07 2.00 1.99
19.43 19.49 19.13 19.59 19.06 19.85 19.73 19.34 19.33 19.85 19.78 20.27 19.76 19.65
7.34 7.21 7.06 7.25 6.60 6.98 6.93 6.93 6.85 7.03 6.95 7.06 6.98 6.80
3.25 3.30 3.06 3.19 2.75 3.02 3.03 3.01 2.91 3.02 2.95 3.07 3.11 2.97
15.21 14.66 14.28 14.64 13.57 14.55 14.60 14.70 14.32 14.77 14.77 15.30 15.25 15.00
4.75 4.72 4.77 4.85 4.51 4.76 4.64 4.50 4.60 4.81 4.96 5.15 4.92 4.95
3.62 3.48 3.59 3.68 3.44 3.67 3.53 3.35 3.41 3.64 3.79 3.95 3.70 3.63
9.31 8.95 8.61 8.43 8.00 7.79 8.13 7.97 8.61 8.88 8.79 9.08 8.48 8.42
32.58 31.74 32.28 35.09 32.60 35.40 34.34 34.65 33.68 32.58 32.22 33.49 33.09 32.31
12.53 11.85 11.91 13.61 11.45 13.44 12.87 13.42 13.14 12.69 12.15 12.80 12.89 11.78
3.88 3.86 4.00 4.64 4.36 4.65 4.38 3.95 3.55 3.54 3.75 3.84 3.70 3.75
4.30 4.30 4.27 4.42 4.32 4.65 4.66 4.53 4.49 4.51 4.21 4.49 4.14 4.45
4.23 4.28 4.49 4.43 4.27 4.31 4.28 4.27 4.32 4.32 4.12 4.25 4.12 4.17
46.77 46.32 45.75 47.39 45.45 47.71 47.09 46.14 45.47 46.54 46.53 48.09 47.16 46.63
50.65 49.27 49.31 51.46 47.69 50.48 50.08 50.60 50.67 50.31 49.61 51.23 49.99 49.12
97.42 95.60 95.06 98.85 93.14 98.19 97.17 96.75 96.14 96.85 96.13 99.32 97.16 95.75
101.38 101.62 101.78 101.89 101.72 101.93 102.30 103.12 103.53 103.84 103.88 104.12 104.40 104.76
2.7 2.7 2.6 2.4 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.8 3.0 3.1 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.1
100.84 100.99 101.05 101.06 100.75 100.87 101.16 101.97 102.30 102.53 102.43 102.60 102.83 103.21
2.3 2.3 2.1 1.8 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.8 2.0 2.1 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2
101.89 102.21 102.46 102.67 102.63 102.94 103.37 104.21 104.68 105.07 105.25 105.56 105.88 106.24
3.2 3.1 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.7 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9
103.61 103.63 104.05 104.52 105.72 105.78 105.40 103.62 103.03 102.69 102.58 102.75 103.18 104.52
10.6 8.8 8.0 7.1 6.4 5.6 4.8 4.1 3.2 2.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.9
2017
Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
24.18 24.71 23.66 23.63 24.52 23.78 24.58 25.11 24.60 24.81 24.10 24.43 24.86 24.76
2.50 2.57 2.35 2.32 2.37 2.16 2.41 2.44 2.46 2.56 2.47 2.48 2.56 2.45
2.02 2.14 1.98 2.10 2.07 2.02 2.09 2.10 2.01 1.99 1.97 1.95 1.98 1.98
19.66 19.98 19.32 19.19 20.06 19.60 20.07 20.56 20.12 20.25 19.64 19.99 20.31 20.32
6.84 6.98 6.60 6.87 7.06 6.78 6.92 7.09 7.00 7.11 7.04 7.00 6.94 6.92
2.95 3.01 2.77 2.97 3.14 2.88 3.00 3.11 3.03 3.17 3.17 3.13 3.09 3.01
14.78 14.76 14.24 14.63 14.86 14.58 14.97 15.48 15.37 15.32 15.72 15.27 15.28 14.92
4.96 4.97 4.49 4.71 4.58 4.66 4.70 4.95 5.07 5.06 5.07 4.91 4.90 4.91
3.69 3.76 3.35 3.57 3.47 3.55 3.59 3.84 3.89 3.89 3.89 3.73 3.73 3.73
8.04 8.12 8.00 8.00 8.01 8.12 8.60 8.96 8.92 8.97 8.79 8.60 8.24 8.15
34.58 35.48 33.78 35.08 35.30 34.37 35.02 34.58 33.48 33.57 34.93 33.91 36.39 35.26
13.18 13.79 12.91 12.97 13.60 13.22 13.84 13.75 12.86 12.69 14.01 12.98 14.49 13.02
4.13 4.57 4.15 4.54 4.25 3.83 3.54 3.51 3.62 3.73 3.66 3.63 4.13 4.54
4.54 4.35 4.13 4.61 4.61 4.61 4.78 4.57 4.26 4.42 4.53 4.59 4.81 4.72
4.45 4.23 4.32 4.35 4.32 4.30 4.24 4.31 4.15 4.15 4.20 4.31 4.34 4.25
47.20 48.17 45.93 46.92 47.69 45.98 47.07 48.03 47.54 47.81 47.40 47.20 48.35 48.25
50.63 51.08 49.16 50.34 50.95 50.62 51.97 52.45 51.05 51.16 52.45 51.22 52.60 50.91
97.83 99.25 95.09 97.26 98.64 96.60 99.03 100.48 98.59 98.97 99.84 98.42 100.95 99.17
105.05 105.32 105.56 105.80 106.04 106.22 106.47 106.75 107.08 107.38 107.68 107.94 108.26 108.59
3.2 3.4 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.0 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.1 3.1
103.46 103.68 103.86 104.04 104.21 104.31 104.49 104.70 104.95 105.20 105.47 105.80 106.07 106.33
2.4 2.6 3.1 3.1 3.0 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.6
106.56 106.87 107.17 107.48 107.78 108.03 108.35 108.69 109.12 109.46 109.78 109.99 110.34 110.75
4.0 4.1 4.4 4.4 4.3 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.6
104.98 105.21 105.16 104.99 104.63 103.90 103.33 102.73 101.73 101.34 101.20 102.01 101.84 101.38
0.9 0.7 -0.5 -0.8 -0.7 0.3 0.3 0.0 -0.8 -1.4 -1.9 -2.4 -3.0 -3.6
2018
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb
24.79 24.01 24.99 24.24 24.63 25.16 25.17 25.81 24.59 25.25 25.16 24.35 24.69 24.58
2.38 2.40 2.26 2.28 2.43 2.39 2.57 2.56 2.61 2.66 2.54 2.33 2.37 2.45
1.85 1.92 1.97 1.92 1.94 1.97 1.91 1.88 1.89 1.85 1.87 1.70 1.86 1.93
20.55 19.68 20.76 20.04 20.25 20.79 20.68 21.36 20.08 20.73 20.75 20.30 20.45 20.19
6.53 6.75 6.89 6.77 6.49 7.02 6.86 7.06 6.90 6.98 6.92 6.94 6.53 6.79
2.84 2.99 3.12 3.00 2.71 3.16 3.02 3.22 3.11 3.15 3.12 3.07 2.95 3.14
14.04 15.28 14.97 14.93 14.71 15.14 15.53 15.41 15.16 15.27 14.85 14.29 14.46 14.89
4.76 4.91 4.74 4.65 4.84 5.04 5.10 5.21 5.02 4.95 5.01 5.02 4.68 4.92
3.57 3.73 3.59 3.49 3.70 3.91 3.89 4.02 3.81 3.74 3.80 3.80 3.51 3.76
8.10 7.74 8.18 8.18 8.48 8.96 8.97 8.80 8.67 8.57 8.39 8.38 8.26 8.30
35.63 36.60 35.84 35.85 35.54 35.16 34.99 34.56 35.03 34.66 35.89 36.93 36.34 37.01
13.56 13.97 13.89 14.18 13.98 13.83 13.77 13.35 14.08 13.26 14.10 14.49 14.03 14.46
4.30 4.60 4.07 3.63 3.47 3.27 3.53 3.63 3.53 3.65 3.89 4.23 4.09 4.34
4.68 4.72 4.80 4.87 4.87 4.94 4.64 4.56 4.50 4.92 4.82 5.02 5.04 4.96
4.39 4.39 4.35 4.29 4.39 4.47 4.20 4.30 4.36 4.49 4.53 4.45 4.42 4.48
47.18 48.03 48.01 46.73 46.83 47.55 48.14 48.78 47.06 47.90 47.83 46.83 47.29 47.81
51.06 51.66 51.95 52.18 52.25 53.40 52.68 52.37 52.66 52.27 52.93 53.52 52.09 53.16
98.24 99.69 99.96 98.91 99.07 100.95 100.82 101.15 99.72 100.17 100.76 100.36 99.38 100.97
109.03 109.34 109.59 109.73 109.93 110.12 110.32 110.51 110.70 110.86 111.06 111.27 111.54 111.72
3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.2
106.59 106.81 107.00 107.15 107.30 107.44 107.55 107.68 107.80 107.88 108.04 108.24 108.58 108.78
2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.8
111.37 111.76 112.07 112.20 112.44 112.69 112.96 113.22 113.47 113.73 113.96 114.17 114.37 114.55
3.9 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.1 2.7 2.5
99.56 99.35 99.66 101.07 102.00 103.03 104.65 105.50 106.09 106.33 106.42 106.29 105.40 105.25
-5.3 -5.4 -4.8 -2.7 -1.3 0.3 2.9 4.1 4.8 4.2 4.5 4.8 5.9 5.9
2019
Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr
24.32 24.65 24.42 25.03 25.19 25.24 24.87 25.17 25.18 25.51 24.88 24.76 24.73 24.53
2.31 2.40 2.22 2.48 2.54 2.60 2.55 2.53 2.55 2.56 2.46 2.51 2.40 2.34
1.80 2.12 1.93 1.94 1.89 1.88 1.85 1.81 1.79 1.91 1.83 1.89 1.88 1.88
20.20 20.11 20.26 20.60 20.74 20.75 20.46 20.82 20.83 21.03 20.58 20.35 20.44 20.30
6.71 6.78 6.81 6.81 6.95 6.85 6.87 6.89 6.78 6.86 6.45 6.74 6.81 6.79
3.04 3.09 3.08 3.07 3.19 3.13 3.17 3.18 3.07 3.09 2.91 3.11 3.16 3.14
14.50 14.98 14.53 15.10 15.24 14.96 15.44 15.22 14.84 14.61 14.06 14.99 14.73 14.76
4.79 4.70 4.84 5.05 5.09 5.20 5.11 5.01 5.08 5.14 4.73 4.97 4.83 4.77
3.64 3.56 3.70 3.91 3.88 4.00 3.90 3.81 3.88 3.93 3.54 3.79 3.68 3.62
8.22 8.31 8.55 8.97 9.09 9.07 9.03 8.62 8.35 8.39 8.28 8.30 8.25 8.42
36.24 36.49 35.94 35.63 35.69 35.28 35.89 35.18 36.76 37.84 36.77 38.11 37.45 37.27
14.37 14.77 14.56 14.40 14.34 13.90 14.65 13.80 14.66 15.07 14.57 15.01 14.92 15.23
3.85 3.59 3.32 3.29 3.43 3.52 3.42 3.48 3.73 4.26 4.04 4.29 3.94 3.54
4.96 4.96 4.96 4.88 4.84 4.71 4.73 4.85 5.06 5.12 4.94 5.29 5.29 5.21
4.46 4.46 4.41 4.49 4.35 4.36 4.43 4.56 4.61 4.52 4.52 4.57 4.55 4.55
46.53 47.07 46.10 47.20 47.69 47.64 47.57 47.64 47.76 48.41 46.90 48.14 47.35 46.61
52.70 53.29 53.40 53.87 53.91 53.33 54.07 53.01 53.84 54.46 52.78 54.30 54.01 54.47
99.23 100.36 99.50 101.07 101.60 100.97 101.64 100.65 101.60 102.87 99.69 102.43 101.36 101.08
111.88 111.94 112.08 112.23 112.38 112.57 112.77 113.11 113.28 113.39 113.13 113.34 113.70 114.58
2.1 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.6 2.4
108.93 108.99 109.10 109.21 109.31 109.42 109.53 109.78 109.81 109.75 109.21 109.28 109.57 110.54
1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.4 0.6 0.5 0.6 1.4
114.70 114.77 114.93 115.12 115.33 115.59 115.89 116.32 116.62 116.89 116.93 117.27 117.71 118.50
2.4 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.6 3.2
105.29 105.86 106.05 106.21 106.18 106.34 106.56 107.03 107.21 107.28 107.20 107.13 107.00 106.76
5.7 4.7 4.0 3.1 1.5 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.7 1.8 1.6 0.9
2020
May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
24.81 25.37 25.46 25.70 25.11 25.35 25.23 25.48

2.40 2.46 2.48 2.54 2.49 2.46 2.48 2.49
1.89 1.92 1.92 1.90 1.87 1.89 1.87 1.98
20.51 20.98 21.04 21.25 20.74 20.99 20.86 21.00
6.74 6.91 6.91 6.95 6.97 7.00 6.89 6.99

3.08 3.18 3.16 3.23 3.28 3.29 3.18 3.21
14.54 15.06 15.26 15.09 15.57 15.34 14.97 14.73
4.91 5.12 5.26 5.37 5.29 5.11 5.21 5.29

3.76 3.98 4.04 4.17 4.07 3.90 4.00 4.07
8.65 9.02 9.05 9.02 8.92 8.70 8.43 8.47
36.84 36.54 36.30 35.89 36.60 35.90 37.52 38.62

15.01 14.84 14.78 14.33 15.11 14.23 15.13 15.55
3.24 3.26 3.39 3.49 3.39 3.41 3.67 4.20
5.29 5.20 4.93 4.82 4.91 5.04 5.25 5.31
4.51 4.58 4.44 4.45 4.52 4.66 4.71 4.61
46.42 47.51 47.91 48.16 47.88 47.92 47.91 48.49

54.58 55.09 54.77 54.31 55.10 54.13 55.04 55.71
101.00 102.60 102.68 102.48 102.98 102.06 102.95 104.20
115.01 115.33 115.37 115.62 115.89 116.25 116.53 116.79

2.6 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0
110.92 111.17 111.10 111.24 111.41 111.65 111.81 111.93
1.7 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.0
118.97 119.35 119.52 119.86 120.24 120.72 121.12 121.51
3.5 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.0
106.58 106.38 106.19 105.98 105.76 105.50 105.29 105.09

0.5 0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.7 -1.4 -1.8 -2.0
Table 4a. U.S. Petroleum and Other Liquids Supply, Consumption, and Inventories
2015 2016 2017
Supply (million barrels per day)
Crude Oil Supply
Domestic Production (a) ................................................ 9.38 9.51 9.58 9.66 9.47 9.35 9.44 9.41 9.48 9.40 9.32 9.26 9.20 9.06 9.09 8.87 8.82 8.65 8.65 8.68 8.53 8.83 8.90 8.80 8.86 9.10 9.16 9.10 9.18 9.11 9.24 9.25 9.51 9.65 10.07 9.97
Alaska .......................................................................... 0.50 0.49 0.51 0.51 0.47 0.45 0.45 0.41 0.47 0.50 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.51 0.51 0.49 0.51 0.47 0.44 0.46 0.45 0.50 0.51 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.53 0.53 0.51 0.46 0.42 0.45 0.48 0.51 0.51 0.51
Federal Gulf of Mexico (b) .......................................... 1.45 1.46 1.38 1.50 1.40 1.41 1.57 1.63 1.66 1.58 1.52 1.60 1.59 1.55 1.61 1.57 1.59 1.55 1.57 1.62 1.51 1.61 1.68 1.72 1.74 1.75 1.78 1.66 1.68 1.63 1.76 1.72 1.69 1.48 1.70 1.57
Lower 48 States (excl GOM) ...................................... 7.43 7.56 7.70 7.64 7.60 7.49 7.43 7.38 7.34 7.32 7.27 7.14 7.09 7.00 6.97 6.81 6.72 6.63 6.64 6.60 6.57 6.73 6.70 6.55 6.61 6.83 6.86 6.91 6.99 7.01 7.06 7.08 7.34 7.66 7.86 7.89
Crude Oil Net Imports (c) ............................................... 6.68 6.66 7.15 6.61 6.72 6.88 6.81 7.26 6.82 6.60 7.05 7.51 7.13 7.46 7.42 6.99 7.14 7.03 7.56 7.30 7.27 7.07 7.42 7.35 7.77 6.73 7.23 7.08 7.39 7.22 6.96 7.11 5.86 5.96 6.13 6.26
SPR Net Withdrawals .................................................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.05 -0.05 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.11 0.09 0.14 0.18 0.01 0.00 0.17 0.15 0.26 -0.05
Commercial Inventory Net Withdrawals ....................... -0.91 -0.93 -0.90 -0.32 0.12 0.34 0.45 -0.03 -0.11 -0.84 -0.03 0.22 -0.73 -0.70 -0.41 -0.15 -0.08 0.37 0.24 0.22 0.50 -0.63 0.02 0.20 -0.72 -0.67 -0.43 0.48 0.24 0.51 0.59 0.76 -0.32 0.32 0.22 1.01
Crude Oil Adjustment (d) ............................................... 0.31 0.11 -0.20 0.33 0.13 0.18 0.21 0.06 -0.02 0.28 0.11 -0.25 0.36 0.03 -0.01 0.21 0.36 0.38 0.18 0.40 0.04 0.19 -0.10 0.17 0.20 0.32 -0.03 0.21 0.27 0.19 0.53 -0.13 0.24 -0.02 0.16 0.08
Total Crude Oil Input to Refineries ................................... 15.46 15.34 15.64 16.27 16.40 16.70 16.88 16.70 16.17 15.44 16.46 16.74 15.95 15.84 16.08 15.92 16.24 16.43 16.62 16.59 16.34 15.45 16.24 16.52 16.12 15.49 16.05 16.95 17.22 17.20 17.32 16.98 15.46 16.06 16.84 17.27
Other Supply
Refinery Processing Gain ............................................. 1.08 1.02 1.01 1.07 1.08 1.03 1.09 1.10 1.05 1.04 1.06 1.11 1.12 1.07 1.05 1.10 1.16 1.11 1.19 1.15 1.12 1.09 1.11 1.14 1.14 1.06 1.11 1.15 1.14 1.16 1.10 1.11 1.01 1.08 1.15 1.13
Natural Gas Plant Liquids Production .......................... 3.05 3.16 3.24 3.38 3.34 3.32 3.36 3.42 3.44 3.49 3.50 3.42 3.34 3.37 3.56 3.57 3.67 3.66 3.60 3.41 3.43 3.54 3.60 3.35 3.40 3.63 3.69 3.68 3.77 3.81 3.82 3.76 3.73 4.02 4.11 3.97
Renewables and Oxygenate Production (e) ................ 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.06 1.10 1.14 1.12 1.10 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.11 1.13 1.14 1.09 1.14 1.18 1.18 1.19 1.16 1.15 1.19 1.21 1.18 1.17 1.18 1.14 1.18 1.19 1.19 1.22 1.18 1.21 1.26 1.24
Fuel Ethanol Production ............................................. 0.96 0.96 0.95 0.93 0.96 0.99 0.98 0.96 0.95 0.96 0.99 1.00 0.98 0.99 1.00 0.94 0.98 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.00 1.00 1.02 1.05 1.06 1.05 1.04 0.99 1.03 1.03 1.01 1.05 1.02 1.04 1.09 1.06
Petroleum Products Adjustment (f) ............................... 0.21 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.22 0.21 0.23 0.20 0.21 0.20 0.23 0.22 0.23 0.21 0.20 0.23 0.23 0.20 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.19 0.20 0.23 0.18 0.21 0.22 0.20 0.21 0.24 0.21 0.23 0.20 0.21 0.23 0.22
Product Net Imports (c) .................................................. -1.79 -2.03 -1.63 -2.17 -2.07 -1.93 -2.20 -1.90 -2.31 -2.38 -2.80 -3.03 -2.40 -2.33 -2.51 -2.36 -2.70 -2.41 -2.25 -2.07 -2.51 -2.35 -2.55 -3.13 -2.67 -3.16 -3.11 -3.03 -2.89 -3.15 -3.30 -2.66 -2.40 -3.31 -3.40 -3.46
Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids -0.61 -0.82 -0.58 -0.75 -0.83 -0.80 -0.87 -0.85 -1.02 -0.79 -0.91 -0.89 -1.03 -1.00 -0.93 -1.01 -1.20 -1.00 -1.00 -0.90 -0.95 -1.06 -1.05 -1.26 -1.17 -1.18 -1.29 -1.32 -1.18 -1.09 -1.13 -1.07 -1.27 -1.25 -1.27 -1.28
Unfinished Oils ............................................................ 0.35 0.29 0.25 0.31 0.33 0.28 0.50 0.30 0.40 0.19 0.25 0.09 0.32 0.41 0.33 0.44 0.41 0.53 0.50 0.44 0.33 0.44 0.33 0.33 0.45 0.34 0.43 0.32 0.31 0.45 0.38 0.39 0.46 0.50 0.41 0.42
Other HC/Oxygenates ................................................ -0.08 -0.05 -0.07 -0.09 -0.10 -0.09 -0.07 -0.06 -0.05 -0.08 -0.06 -0.06 -0.13 -0.09 -0.12 -0.13 -0.10 -0.03 -0.05 -0.05 -0.07 -0.08 -0.07 -0.03 -0.13 -0.16 -0.11 -0.08 -0.11 -0.07 -0.08 -0.08 -0.11 -0.12 -0.12 -0.18
Motor Gasoline Blend Comp. ..................................... 0.38 0.42 0.43 0.46 0.50 0.62 0.59 0.66 0.55 0.39 0.20 0.28 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.57 0.65 0.69 0.61 0.54 0.60 0.54 0.59 0.44 0.50 0.43 0.36 0.71 0.65 0.67 0.58 0.65 0.69 0.39 0.38 0.32
Finished Motor Gasoline ............................................ -0.48 -0.50 -0.34 -0.29 -0.34 -0.30 -0.48 -0.42 -0.29 -0.38 -0.54 -0.50 -0.53 -0.63 -0.55 -0.45 -0.54 -0.49 -0.45 -0.45 -0.50 -0.65 -0.79 -0.91 -0.78 -0.68 -0.58 -0.61 -0.59 -0.68 -0.69 -0.58 -0.63 -0.70 -1.08 -0.99
Jet Fuel ........................................................................ -0.11 -0.07 0.01 -0.06 0.04 0.06 -0.02 -0.02 -0.10 -0.04 -0.09 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 0.03 -0.04 0.00 -0.07 0.03 -0.05 -0.03 0.02 -0.04 -0.07 -0.04 -0.03 -0.05 -0.02 -0.05 -0.12 -0.08 -0.03 0.07 0.08 -0.01 -0.02
Distillate Fuel Oil ......................................................... -0.77 -0.56 -0.69 -0.98 -1.09 -1.08 -1.19 -0.93 -1.17 -1.05 -1.03 -1.14 -0.75 -0.67 -1.04 -1.11 -1.11 -1.35 -1.23 -1.05 -1.06 -0.93 -1.02 -1.06 -0.95 -1.03 -1.08 -1.24 -1.39 -1.50 -1.64 -1.27 -1.08 -1.28 -1.18 -1.13
Residual Fuel Oil ........................................................ -0.06 -0.13 -0.17 -0.27 -0.13 -0.19 -0.16 -0.14 -0.06 -0.13 -0.06 -0.11 -0.03 -0.16 -0.08 -0.03 -0.20 -0.05 -0.04 -0.07 -0.21 -0.10 -0.09 -0.07 -0.04 -0.23 -0.10 -0.17 -0.03 -0.19 -0.17 -0.06 -0.13 -0.24 -0.02 -0.07
Other Oils (g) ............................................................... -0.42 -0.61 -0.45 -0.50 -0.45 -0.42 -0.50 -0.45 -0.57 -0.50 -0.57 -0.66 -0.55 -0.49 -0.49 -0.60 -0.61 -0.64 -0.63 -0.48 -0.62 -0.52 -0.41 -0.50 -0.51 -0.61 -0.69 -0.61 -0.52 -0.62 -0.48 -0.60 -0.40 -0.69 -0.52 -0.54
Product Inventory Net Withdrawals .............................. 0.21 0.92 -0.17 -0.55 -0.77 -0.62 -0.34 -0.68 -0.20 0.60 -0.44 0.01 -0.29 0.55 0.20 -0.21 -0.41 -0.33 -0.79 -0.21 0.00 0.58 -0.12 0.66 -0.03 0.78 0.92 -0.50 -0.56 0.12 -0.23 -0.40 0.46 0.71 0.12 -0.04
Total Supply ....................................................................... 19.26 19.66 19.34 19.25 19.32 19.85 20.13 19.94 19.43 19.49 19.13 19.59 19.06 19.85 19.73 19.34 19.33 19.85 19.78 20.27 19.76 19.65 19.66 19.98 19.32 19.19 20.06 19.60 20.07 20.56 20.12 20.25 19.64 19.99 20.31 20.32
Consumption (million barrels per day)

Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids .............................................. 2.92 2.89 2.55 2.37 2.32 2.43 2.47 2.45 2.28 2.54 2.59 2.83 2.96 2.80 2.61 2.40 2.38 2.27 2.42 2.31 2.43 2.56 2.52 2.77 3.05 2.66 2.73 2.52 2.45 2.48 2.59 2.25 2.35 2.61 2.90 3.12
Unfinished Oils ............................................................... -0.09 0.02 -0.04 -0.03 0.14 0.10 0.08 -0.06 -0.07 -0.18 -0.02 0.04 -0.03 0.21 -0.06 0.04 -0.09 -0.02 -0.11 0.07 0.00 0.08 -0.05 0.02 -0.02 0.00 0.08 0.12 -0.02 0.08 0.01 -0.01 0.04 0.07 0.04 0.03
Motor Gasoline ............................................................... 8.64 8.83 9.06 9.19 9.26 9.42 9.47 9.46 9.29 9.24 9.11 9.15 8.65 9.22 9.37 9.18 9.42 9.61 9.58 9.69 9.48 9.09 9.23 9.28 8.51 9.01 9.33 9.30 9.55 9.77 9.60 9.75 9.38 9.36 9.11 9.25
Fuel Ethanol blended into Motor Gasoline ................ 0.85 0.89 0.89 0.88 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.93 0.91 0.92 0.90 0.85 0.93 0.93 0.89 0.94 0.97 0.96 0.97 0.94 0.92 0.94 0.96 0.87 0.90 0.92 0.93 0.96 0.99 0.95 0.99 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.93
Jet Fuel ........................................................................... 1.38 1.45 1.55 1.53 1.52 1.65 1.65 1.60 1.53 1.61 1.52 1.58 1.45 1.53 1.55 1.57 1.58 1.72 1.72 1.72 1.64 1.61 1.63 1.65 1.59 1.52 1.68 1.64 1.67 1.76 1.73 1.76 1.63 1.75 1.69 1.76
Distillate Fuel Oil ............................................................ 4.19 4.56 4.08 4.03 3.78 3.90 3.90 3.91 4.06 4.01 3.74 3.83 3.85 4.00 3.95 3.80 3.73 3.85 3.60 3.88 3.91 3.99 3.94 4.04 3.74 3.93 4.13 3.76 3.96 3.96 3.64 4.00 3.92 4.01 4.16 3.98
Residual Fuel Oil ........................................................... 0.29 0.19 0.26 0.17 0.23 0.20 0.33 0.30 0.27 0.24 0.30 0.32 0.31 0.18 0.36 0.45 0.32 0.34 0.42 0.32 0.25 0.34 0.31 0.31 0.54 0.28 0.32 0.28 0.36 0.35 0.29 0.35 0.30 0.32 0.39 0.31
Other Oils (g) .................................................................. 1.93 1.72 1.88 2.00 2.06 2.16 2.24 2.27 2.07 2.02 1.88 1.85 1.88 1.90 1.95 1.91 1.99 2.07 2.14 2.29 2.04 1.98 2.08 1.90 1.93 1.80 1.80 1.97 2.11 2.15 2.26 2.15 2.02 1.86 2.02 1.88
Total Consumption ............................................................ 19.26 19.66 19.34 19.25 19.32 19.85 20.13 19.94 19.43 19.49 19.13 19.59 19.06 19.85 19.73 19.34 19.33 19.85 19.78 20.27 19.76 19.65 19.66 19.98 19.32 19.19 20.06 19.60 20.07 20.56 20.12 20.25 19.64 19.99 20.31 20.32
Total Petroleum and Other Liquids Net Imports ......... 4.89 4.63 5.53 4.44 4.65 4.95 4.61 5.35 4.51 4.22 4.25 4.48 4.73 5.13 4.91 4.63 4.44 4.62 5.31 5.23 4.76 4.71 4.87 4.22 5.10 3.57 4.13 4.04 4.50 4.07 3.66 4.45 3.46 2.65 2.73 2.80
End-of-period Inventories (million barrels)

Commercial Inventory
Crude Oil (excluding SPR) ............................................ 389.2 415.3 443.2 452.7 449.0 438.8 424.8 425.9 429.1 455.2 456.0 449.2 471.8 492.2 504.8 509.3 511.9 500.9 493.5 486.7 471.5 491.2 490.7 484.6 506.8 525.4 538.6 524.3 516.8 501.6 483.4 460.0 469.6 459.7 453.1 421.6
Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids 152.2 132.1 138.3 157.6 177.9 193.3 206.1 221.1 225.6 224.7 214.1 194.5 164.1 147.1 152.5 167.9 185.0 209.9 228.8 247.1 250.8 242.9 232.6 200.2 164.9 153.6 147.6 153.3 170.2 189.9 205.8 229.8 228.7 230.7 216.5 190.0
Unfinished Oils ............................................................... 85.4 85.3 85.0 86.2 84.1 86.3 89.5 88.6 89.0 87.3 86.1 82.9 88.2 89.6 91.6 90.4 90.3 86.8 88.3 84.3 83.5 85.6 82.8 80.3 89.1 89.9 91.9 92.8 95.9 89.9 90.2 90.7 91.6 90.7 87.5 86.3
Other HC/Oxygenates ................................................... 26.3 27.1 27.0 26.5 25.9 25.2 25.5 24.7 23.9 23.9 25.6 27.1 29.2 29.6 29.1 28.0 27.2 27.9 28.0 27.7 27.4 26.9 27.0 29.0 31.7 31.9 32.8 32.1 30.2 29.3 29.5 29.6 28.5 28.4 30.0 29.6
Total Motor Gasoline ...................................................... 244.0 241.3 232.9 228.6 222.6 221.1 217.7 218.3 225.2 217.4 222.9 235.5 261.6 256.2 243.7 243.5 243.4 242.7 240.9 230.4 227.7 225.6 233.8 238.6 261.1 253.6 239.6 243.5 242.5 238.4 232.9 226.8 223.2 215.9 224.9 236.8
Finished Motor Gasoline ............................................ 30.5 30.4 26.7 25.1 26.1 25.2 24.1 26.0 29.0 27.7 27.8 28.6 26.5 26.9 26.3 24.7 23.4 24.7 24.4 25.6 24.8 25.8 26.1 28.4 28.4 25.4 21.5 21.7 22.0 22.5 23.2 24.6 21.8 23.1 23.6 24.5
Motor Gasoline Blend Comp. ..................................... 213.4 210.9 206.2 203.5 196.5 195.9 193.7 192.2 196.2 189.7 195.2 206.9 235.1 229.3 217.5 218.8 220.0 218.0 216.5 204.9 202.9 199.8 207.7 210.2 232.7 228.2 218.0 221.9 220.5 215.9 209.7 202.2 201.4 192.8 201.3 212.3
Jet Fuel ........................................................................... 39.2 39.6 38.3 38.4 42.5 43.8 43.7 43.0 40.5 37.5 38.1 40.4 42.9 42.6 44.3 43.9 44.7 40.7 42.1 42.8 44.9 44.9 45.0 43.0 42.5 44.1 42.4 44.5 44.5 41.0 41.1 40.4 43.6 41.8 41.2 41.3
Distillate Fuel Oil ............................................................ 132.6 123.6 128.7 129.8 135.4 139.6 142.1 152.5 149.4 143.6 157.2 161.3 160.6 162.5 160.1 154.7 154.9 149.8 156.5 160.3 161.1 154.7 161.3 166.1 170.2 162.8 152.0 155.0 154.2 152.1 151.5 147.8 137.3 130.1 133.4 145.6
Residual Fuel Oil ........................................................... 34.4 37.1 38.4 39.2 41.4 42.0 40.1 38.9 41.6 43.2 43.6 42.1 44.1 45.9 44.5 43.2 40.3 40.4 38.5 39.6 38.9 39.3 40.8 41.5 38.5 37.8 37.5 36.5 37.0 33.2 31.2 32.7 33.6 30.0 29.8 29.4
Other Oils (g) .................................................................. 53.1 55.4 58.3 57.1 57.4 54.6 51.8 50.3 48.4 47.3 50.4 53.9 56.0 57.2 58.6 59.1 57.8 55.5 54.7 52.2 50.3 46.8 47.1 51.2 52.7 55.2 56.5 57.5 58.1 55.4 54.0 50.6 48.0 45.0 45.7 51.0
Total Commercial Inventory .............................................. 1,156 1,157 1,190 1,216 1,236 1,245 1,241 1,263 1,273 1,280 1,294 1,287 1,319 1,323 1,329 1,340 1,355 1,354 1,371 1,371 1,356 1,358 1,361 1,334 1,358 1,354 1,339 1,340 1,349 1,331 1,320 1,308 1,304 1,272 1,262 1,232
Crude Oil in SPR ............................................................... 691 691 691 691 692 694 695 695 695 695 695 695 695 695 695 695 695 695 695 695 695 695 695 695 695 695 692 689 684 679 679 679 674 669 661 663
Table 4b. U.S. Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids (HGL) and Petroleum Refinery Balances (million barrels per day, except inventories and utilization factor)
2015 2016 2017
HGL Production
Natural Gas Processing Plants
Ethane ................................................................ 1.03 1.08 1.10 1.15 1.12 1.09 1.09 1.13 1.13 1.18 1.24 1.22 1.18 1.17 1.31 1.33 1.41 1.40 1.31 1.11 1.17 1.30 1.35 1.23 1.24 1.39 1.41 1.38 1.43 1.44 1.41 1.36 1.32 1.57 1.62 1.54
Propane .............................................................. 1.06 1.10 1.12 1.15 1.15 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.18 1.19 1.17 1.15 1.14 1.16 1.18 1.19 1.18 1.17 1.18 1.18 1.16 1.16 1.17 1.12 1.14 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.23 1.23 1.25 1.24 1.25 1.28 1.31 1.29
Butanes .............................................................. 0.58 0.59 0.61 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.65 0.65 0.66 0.67 0.65 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.65 0.65 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.61 0.61 0.64 0.65 0.65 0.66 0.67 0.68 0.67 0.69 0.69 0.70 0.69
Natural Gasoline (Pentanes Plus) .................... 0.38 0.39 0.41 0.43 0.44 0.45 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.46 0.43 0.41 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.42 0.43 0.45 0.47 0.47 0.46 0.45 0.44 0.40 0.40 0.42 0.43 0.44 0.45 0.47 0.49 0.48 0.48 0.47 0.47 0.45
Refinery and Blender Net Production
Ethane/Ethylene ................................................ 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01
Propane .............................................................. 0.29 0.27 0.30 0.31 0.30 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.31 0.31 0.33 0.33 0.32 0.30 0.30 0.29 0.31 0.31 0.30 0.28 0.30 0.30 0.32 0.33 0.31 0.31 0.28 0.30 0.31 0.33
Propylene (refinery-grade) ................................ 0.27 0.26 0.24 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.30 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.29 0.30 0.28 0.29 0.28 0.29 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.27 0.26 0.29 0.30 0.30 0.28 0.29 0.28 0.24 0.29 0.30 0.31
Butanes/Butylenes ............................................. -0.17 -0.13 0.07 0.22 0.30 0.29 0.27 0.26 0.05 -0.08 -0.22 -0.25 -0.24 -0.15 0.07 0.23 0.28 0.29 0.28 0.26 0.07 -0.08 -0.24 -0.27 -0.21 -0.14 0.09 0.25 0.28 0.29 0.26 0.24 -0.04 -0.08 -0.28 -0.31
Renewable Fuels and Oxygenate Plant Net Production
Natural Gasoline (Pentanes Plus) .................... -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02
HGL Net Imports

Ethane ................................................................... -0.07 -0.07 -0.06 -0.06 -0.08 -0.07 -0.07 -0.06 -0.05 -0.07 -0.07 -0.06 -0.08 -0.08 -0.08 -0.09 -0.09 -0.08 -0.09 -0.11 -0.12 -0.09 -0.09 -0.14 -0.14 -0.15 -0.17 -0.18 -0.19 -0.12 -0.19 -0.19 -0.22 -0.14 -0.24 -0.20
Propane/Propylene ............................................... -0.35 -0.50 -0.32 -0.50 -0.49 -0.44 -0.50 -0.49 -0.65 -0.49 -0.57 -0.61 -0.70 -0.66 -0.54 -0.58 -0.74 -0.66 -0.64 -0.54 -0.53 -0.73 -0.66 -0.89 -0.85 -0.73 -0.80 -0.80 -0.74 -0.64 -0.68 -0.59 -0.79 -0.90 -0.75 -0.80
Butanes/Butylenes ................................................ -0.02 -0.05 -0.08 -0.06 -0.10 -0.12 -0.11 -0.12 -0.09 -0.10 -0.09 -0.06 -0.05 -0.04 -0.10 -0.13 -0.14 -0.09 -0.08 -0.06 -0.11 -0.09 -0.12 -0.07 -0.02 -0.08 -0.14 -0.16 -0.09 -0.13 -0.08 -0.14 -0.10 -0.08 -0.13 -0.13
Natural Gasoline (Pentanes Plus) ....................... -0.17 -0.21 -0.13 -0.13 -0.17 -0.16 -0.20 -0.19 -0.23 -0.14 -0.18 -0.16 -0.19 -0.21 -0.20 -0.21 -0.22 -0.17 -0.19 -0.19 -0.19 -0.15 -0.17 -0.16 -0.16 -0.22 -0.17 -0.19 -0.16 -0.21 -0.17 -0.15 -0.16 -0.12 -0.15 -0.14
HGL Refinery and Blender Net Inputs

Butanes/Butylenes ................................................ 0.46 0.41 0.33 0.27 0.25 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.39 0.44 0.54 0.52 0.52 0.43 0.35 0.31 0.27 0.28 0.28 0.29 0.39 0.49 0.56 0.54 0.50 0.44 0.35 0.32 0.29 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.41 0.42 0.53 0.55
Natural Gasoline (Pentanes Plus) ....................... 0.13 0.14 0.17 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.13 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.17 0.16 0.19 0.19 0.15 0.19 0.20 0.17 0.20 0.20
HGL Consumption
Ethane/Ethylene ................................................... 1.07 1.10 1.00 1.06 1.07 1.04 1.06 1.01 1.07 1.09 1.17 1.16 1.11 1.11 1.18 1.14 1.13 1.09 1.17 1.11 1.05 1.17 1.16 1.13 1.18 1.21 1.20 1.17 1.25 1.33 1.27 1.13 1.05 1.27 1.38 1.46
Propane ................................................................. 1.28 1.30 0.98 0.67 0.60 0.74 0.69 0.72 0.68 0.80 0.86 1.08 1.25 1.23 0.91 0.66 0.67 0.53 0.64 0.65 0.75 0.79 0.86 1.08 1.32 0.94 0.89 0.74 0.55 0.54 0.64 0.60 0.80 0.62 0.96 1.05
Propylene (refinery-grade) ................................... 0.30 0.27 0.25 0.29 0.29 0.31 0.34 0.32 0.29 0.29 0.31 0.30 0.33 0.32 0.29 0.29 0.30 0.30 0.31 0.30 0.28 0.24 0.28 0.31 0.33 0.37 0.31 0.31 0.33 0.31 0.30 0.28 0.27 0.31 0.32 0.34
HGL Inventories (million barrels)

Ethane ................................................................... 30.24 27.95 29.37 30.42 29.52 28.91 27.80 29.87 30.16 31.06 31.45 31.77 31.31 31.09 32.64 35.91 42.01 49.05 50.74 47.65 47.70 48.99 52.02 50.69 48.44 49.59 50.93 52.16 51.82 51.73 50.11 51.83 53.40 58.63 58.97 55.62
Propane ................................................................. 62.92 50.23 53.32 61.40 71.65 78.07 84.83 91.41 94.43 99.21 99.78 91.38 74.70 61.24 61.76 68.77 71.30 79.82 85.81 94.16 98.98 96.25 94.39 77.05 53.35 47.24 40.16 38.50 46.15 56.91 63.68 73.86 71.39 72.94 69.94 62.18
Propylene (refinery-grade) ................................... 5.41 5.66 5.91 6.11 6.65 6.69 6.18 6.16 5.76 5.33 4.63 4.87 4.67 4.39 5.19 5.61 5.77 5.59 5.10 4.84 5.36 6.61 7.22 7.03 5.83 3.46 3.69 4.28 3.88 3.88 4.57 5.39 4.93 4.64 4.78 4.64
Refinery and Blender Net Inputs

Crude OIl ............................................................... 15.46 15.34 15.64 16.27 16.40 16.70 16.88 16.70 16.17 15.44 16.46 16.74 15.95 15.84 16.08 15.92 16.24 16.43 16.62 16.59 16.34 15.45 16.24 16.52 16.12 15.49 16.05 16.95 17.22 17.20 17.32 16.98 15.46 16.06 16.84 17.27
Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids .................................... 0.59 0.54 0.49 0.41 0.39 0.42 0.43 0.45 0.55 0.60 0.68 0.65 0.67 0.57 0.49 0.45 0.42 0.43 0.42 0.43 0.55 0.63 0.70 0.67 0.65 0.59 0.52 0.48 0.48 0.47 0.45 0.48 0.61 0.59 0.73 0.75
Other Hydrocarbons/Oxygenates ........................ 0.98 1.12 1.14 1.17 1.17 1.20 1.22 1.19 1.18 1.18 1.16 1.17 1.11 1.16 1.17 1.20 1.22 1.25 1.23 1.25 1.21 1.19 1.20 1.20 1.11 1.16 1.20 1.20 1.24 1.26 1.22 1.24 1.19 1.21 1.21 1.19
Unfinished Oils ...................................................... 0.21 0.27 0.29 0.29 0.25 0.11 0.31 0.39 0.46 0.43 0.31 0.16 0.18 0.15 0.32 0.44 0.51 0.66 0.56 0.50 0.35 0.29 0.48 0.39 0.19 0.32 0.29 0.17 0.24 0.56 0.36 0.38 0.39 0.45 0.48 0.42
Motor Gasoline Blend Components .................... 0.41 0.72 0.85 0.83 0.89 0.82 0.75 0.79 0.65 0.97 0.20 0.05 -0.30 0.55 0.79 0.81 0.77 0.92 0.89 1.06 0.75 0.93 0.30 0.17 -0.20 0.53 0.72 0.54 0.70 0.66 0.66 0.72 0.62 0.72 0.16 -0.16
Aviation Gasoline Blend Components ................. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total Refinery and Blender Net Inputs ................... 17.77 18.00 18.42 18.97 19.11 19.25 19.59 19.53 19.01 18.61 18.81 18.77 17.62 18.28 18.85 18.82 19.15 19.69 19.73 19.83 19.20 18.50 18.90 18.94 17.87 18.09 18.78 19.35 19.88 20.17 20.00 19.80 18.27 19.05 19.42 19.47
Refinery Processing Gain .................................. 1.08 1.02 1.01 1.07 1.08 1.03 1.09 1.10 1.05 1.04 1.06 1.11 1.12 1.07 1.05 1.10 1.16 1.11 1.19 1.15 1.12 1.09 1.11 1.14 1.14 1.06 1.11 1.15 1.14 1.16 1.10 1.11 1.01 1.08 1.15 1.13
Refinery and Blender Net Production

Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids .................................... 0.39 0.40 0.61 0.82 0.89 0.86 0.85 0.84 0.58 0.44 0.34 0.33 0.35 0.43 0.67 0.83 0.90 0.89 0.87 0.84 0.65 0.48 0.35 0.33 0.35 0.41 0.68 0.86 0.91 0.92 0.88 0.83 0.48 0.52 0.35 0.34
Finished Motor Gasoline ...................................... 9.26 9.50 9.52 9.72 9.77 9.85 9.99 10.00 9.88 9.93 9.80 9.81 9.38 9.83 9.93 9.88 10.06 10.28 10.22 10.29 10.02 10.06 9.97 10.01 9.28 9.51 9.80 9.86 10.13 10.27 10.16 10.18 9.78 10.13 10.22 10.10
Jet Fuel .................................................................. 1.51 1.53 1.50 1.59 1.61 1.64 1.67 1.60 1.55 1.55 1.63 1.70 1.58 1.58 1.57 1.59 1.61 1.66 1.74 1.80 1.74 1.59 1.68 1.66 1.61 1.60 1.67 1.74 1.71 1.76 1.82 1.76 1.66 1.61 1.67 1.78
Distillate Fuel ........................................................ 4.84 4.75 4.89 4.99 4.98 5.03 5.10 5.11 5.06 4.82 5.17 5.04 4.53 4.67 4.85 4.66 4.76 4.95 4.93 4.94 4.89 4.61 5.07 5.15 4.79 4.66 4.79 5.02 5.22 5.28 5.16 5.04 4.56 4.97 5.36 5.41
Residual Fuel ........................................................ 0.38 0.42 0.48 0.47 0.44 0.41 0.43 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.38 0.38 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.43 0.43 0.39 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.40 0.49 0.48 0.41 0.42 0.41 0.41 0.39 0.45 0.46 0.44 0.41 0.37
Other Oils (a) ......................................................... 2.46 2.42 2.42 2.46 2.51 2.48 2.64 2.68 2.57 2.49 2.55 2.62 2.50 2.44 2.48 2.53 2.56 2.63 2.75 2.70 2.59 2.39 2.50 2.54 2.49 2.49 2.54 2.61 2.64 2.69 2.70 2.64 2.34 2.45 2.56 2.59
Total Refinery and Blender Net Production ............ 18.84 19.02 19.43 20.04 20.20 20.28 20.68 20.62 20.05 19.65 19.87 19.88 18.73 19.35 19.90 19.92 20.31 20.80 20.92 20.98 20.32 19.59 20.01 20.09 19.01 19.15 19.89 20.50 21.01 21.33 21.11 20.91 19.28 20.13 20.56 20.60
Refinery Distillation Inputs ................................. 15.77 15.63 15.88 16.52 16.61 16.92 17.18 16.96 16.43 15.69 16.68 16.84 16.30 16.18 16.29 16.22 16.48 16.80 17.00 16.98 16.69 15.78 16.54 16.90 16.46 15.83 16.42 17.28 17.51 17.53 17.66 17.24 15.79 16.34 17.13 17.56
Refinery Operable Distillation Capacity ........... 17.97 17.95 17.95 17.96 17.96 18.06 18.10 18.10 18.14 18.13 18.19 18.19 18.32 18.32 18.32 18.32 18.32 18.43 18.43 18.43 18.46 18.47 18.49 18.51 18.62 18.62 18.62 18.62 18.56 18.57 18.57 18.57 18.50 18.50 18.51 18.54
Refinery Distillation Utilization Factor ............... 0.88 0.87 0.88 0.92 0.92 0.94 0.95 0.94 0.91 0.87 0.92 0.93 0.89 0.88 0.89 0.89 0.90 0.91 0.92 0.92 0.90 0.85 0.89 0.91 0.88 0.85 0.88 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.95 0.93 0.85 0.88 0.93 0.95
Table 4c. U.S. Regional Gasoline Prices and Inventories
2015 2016 2017
Prices (cents per gallon)
Refiner Wholesale Price ................................................ 137 164 177 184 208 212 207 184 161 156 143 136 119 105 134 148 161 164 149 151 151 157 143 159 163 163 163 172 167 157 162 171 183 173 181 172
Gasoline Regular Grade Retail Prices Including Taxes
PADD 1 ........................................................................ 222 221 239 242 262 271 268 247 224 216 213 204 194 177 191 207 224 229 218 211 218 222 220 227 236 229 228 237 234 229 224 233 270 250 251 246
PADD 2 ........................................................................ 194 218 235 236 256 273 268 258 231 232 208 188 176 160 191 203 222 238 215 214 215 215 203 219 227 220 222 233 228 223 221 228 247 239 250 237
PADD 3 ........................................................................ 190 201 221 223 244 255 249 231 207 201 190 179 169 155 175 188 202 212 203 196 198 204 195 203 213 207 208 220 216 211 204 214 247 228 227 220
PADD 4 ........................................................................ 197 196 225 239 265 277 283 281 264 239 214 199 192 172 188 204 225 232 228 224 226 227 221 214 225 225 230 235 240 241 234 243 260 254 254 249
PADD 5 ........................................................................ 245 255 310 301 347 336 351 333 296 273 262 256 257 225 242 258 265 273 272 258 263 268 262 257 267 274 285 288 290 288 282 287 302 294 305 298
U.S. Average ............................................................. 212 222 246 247 272 280 279 264 237 229 216 204 195 176 197 211 227 237 224 218 222 225 218 225 235 230 233 242 239 235 230 238 265 251 256 248
Gasoline All Grades Including Taxes 221 230 255 255 280 288 288 273 246 239 226 214 206 187 207 222 237 247 235 228 233 236 230 237 246 242 244 253 250 246 241 249 276 262 268 259
End-of-period Inventories (million barrels)

Total Gasoline Inventories
PADD 1 ........................................................................ 69.0 68.1 64.5 63.3 61.2 61.4 58.7 60.4 62.6 59.7 58.6 60.7 70.3 71.1 65.9 69.1 69.7 73.1 72.6 65.2 58.8 61.0 63.1 65.4 74.6 73.0 65.5 68.5 70.7 67.7 64.1 60.7 59.0 54.5 58.9 60.6
PADD 2 ........................................................................ 53.4 53.4 52.9 53.3 49.1 50.4 48.2 49.4 47.0 46.0 50.1 53.7 62.3 60.4 57.1 54.6 54.2 53.9 51.9 52.0 51.1 49.8 50.3 53.2 60.5 60.2 57.3 56.8 55.5 53.6 53.1 51.5 50.4 45.9 47.9 52.2
PADD 3 ........................................................................ 80.8 81.4 79.8 76.6 76.8 74.6 77.3 74.9 78.1 76.1 77.4 84.6 86.6 83.8 82.9 82.5 82.1 80.3 79.0 78.1 83.2 79.3 82.5 82.8 86.4 81.2 79.1 80.3 81.3 82.4 81.6 80.8 77.7 80.4 80.1 83.3
PADD 4 ........................................................................ 7.7 7.8 6.5 6.8 7.1 6.8 6.4 6.9 7.2 6.8 7.2 7.7 8.0 8.4 8.4 7.6 7.6 7.4 7.4 6.8 6.9 7.3 8.1 7.9 8.6 8.5 7.9 7.8 7.7 7.0 6.7 6.5 6.9 7.1 7.1 7.6
PADD 5 ........................................................................ 33.1 30.6 29.2 28.7 28.4 28.0 27.1 26.7 30.3 28.9 29.7 28.7 34.4 32.6 29.4 29.7 29.8 27.9 30.0 28.3 27.6 28.2 29.9 29.3 31.0 30.8 29.7 30.1 27.4 27.7 27.2 27.3 29.2 28.1 30.9 33.1
U.S. Total .................................................................. 244.0 241.3 232.9 228.6 222.6 221.1 217.7 218.3 225.2 217.4 222.9 235.5 261.6 256.2 243.7 243.5 243.4 242.7 240.9 230.4 227.7 225.6 233.8 238.6 261.1 253.6 239.6 243.5 242.5 238.4 232.9 226.8 223.2 215.9 224.9 236.8
Finished Gasoline Inventories
U.S. Total .................................................................. 30.5 30.4 26.7 25.1 26.1 25.2 24.1 26.0 29.0 27.7 27.8 28.6 26.5 26.9 26.3 24.7 23.4 24.7 24.4 25.6 24.8 25.8 26.1 28.4 28.4 25.4 21.5 21.7 22.0 22.5 23.2 24.6 21.8 23.1 23.6 24.5
Gasoline Blending Components Inventories
U.S. Total .................................................................. 213.4 210.9 206.2 203.5 196.5 195.9 193.7 192.2 196.2 189.7 195.2 206.9 235.1 229.3 217.5 218.8 220.0 218.0 216.5 204.9 202.9 199.8 207.7 210.2 232.7 228.2 218.0 221.9 220.5 215.9 209.7 202.2 201.4 192.8 201.3 212.3
Table 5a. U.S. Natural Gas Supply, Consumption, and Inventories
2015 2016 2017
Supply (billion cubic feet per day)
Total Marketed Production ..................................................... 78.08 78.46 78.81 79.95 78.80 78.61 78.86 78.95 79.45 78.87 78.54 78.55 78.56 79.67 78.77 78.72 77.82 77.08 77.71 77.09 76.58 76.28 76.92 76.05 75.98 76.63 78.42 78.50 78.37 78.99 79.96 79.94 81.13 82.27 84.50 85.00
Alaska .................................................................................. 1.01 0.98 0.98 0.99 0.94 0.87 0.86 0.81 0.92 0.94 0.99 1.00 0.99 0.98 0.96 0.88 0.87 0.83 0.81 0.81 0.83 0.92 1.01 1.02 1.00 1.01 1.01 1.01 0.98 0.92 0.77 0.79 0.91 0.95 0.99 0.99
Federal GOM (a) ................................................................ 3.42 3.36 3.08 3.57 3.59 3.51 3.76 3.84 3.87 3.58 3.38 3.49 3.37 3.33 3.45 3.25 3.43 3.11 3.19 3.29 3.13 3.25 3.26 3.30 3.27 3.16 3.28 3.03 3.07 2.89 3.03 2.86 2.82 2.47 2.60 2.40
Lower 48 States (excl GOM) ............................................. 73.65 74.12 74.74 75.39 74.27 74.24 74.24 74.30 74.66 74.35 74.17 74.06 74.20 75.36 74.36 74.59 73.52 73.14 73.71 73.00 72.62 72.11 72.64 71.73 71.71 72.46 74.13 74.46 74.32 75.18 76.15 76.28 77.41 78.85 80.91 81.61
Total Dry Gas Production ...................................................... 73.44 73.81 74.14 75.21 74.12 73.95 74.19 74.27 74.74 74.19 73.88 73.89 73.56 74.60 73.76 73.71 72.87 72.17 72.76 72.18 71.71 71.42 72.02 71.21 71.02 71.62 73.30 73.38 73.26 73.83 74.74 74.72 75.84 76.90 78.98 79.45
LNG Gross Imports ............................................................... 0.37 0.44 0.47 0.10 0.06 0.09 0.23 0.36 0.19 0.28 0.25 0.18 0.39 0.34 0.28 0.16 0.17 0.25 0.19 0.26 0.10 0.19 0.30 0.29 0.42 0.30 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.17 0.25 0.09 0.08 0.21 0.35
LNG Gross Exports ............................................................... 0.09 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.11 0.33 0.33 0.32 0.55 0.51 0.86 0.56 0.10 1.10 1.35 1.66 1.86 1.40 1.69 1.96 1.75 1.73 1.47 1.82 2.59 2.67 2.66
Pipeline Gross Imports ......................................................... 8.64 8.64 7.83 6.74 6.54 6.79 6.77 6.54 6.77 7.02 7.02 7.15 8.44 8.35 7.49 7.88 7.84 7.81 8.36 8.19 7.85 7.28 7.40 8.77 8.99 8.79 8.89 7.77 7.70 7.80 7.91 7.74 7.56 7.79 7.91 8.60
Pipeline Gross Exports ......................................................... 4.57 5.08 5.29 4.34 4.24 4.51 4.55 4.58 5.33 5.02 5.09 5.12 5.44 5.50 5.96 5.59 5.75 5.55 5.58 6.05 6.17 5.60 6.50 6.74 7.11 7.25 7.36 6.55 6.23 6.70 6.29 6.50 6.52 6.49 6.94 6.99
Supplemental Gaseous Fuels .............................................. 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.19
Net Inventory Withdrawals .................................................... 23.89 27.04 6.48 -10.98 -16.36 -12.33 -9.41 -10.22 -12.69 -10.93 0.55 8.78 23.91 14.18 1.70 -5.68 -10.87 -7.63 -4.48 -4.18 -8.99 -10.21 1.29 22.18 22.17 10.41 9.08 -7.86 -11.22 -9.57 -4.99 -6.50 -10.78 -8.18 3.02 22.81
Total Supply .............................................................................. 101.85 104.92 83.78 66.89 60.19 64.05 67.30 66.43 63.76 65.61 76.68 84.94 101.02 92.01 77.10 70.30 64.10 66.66 70.90 69.70 64.09 63.15 73.57 94.51 94.00 82.20 82.84 65.39 61.91 63.99 69.99 68.43 64.55 67.70 80.70 101.75
Balancing Item (b) .................................................................... -1.36 -0.45 -0.19 0.04 -0.25 -0.72 -0.60 -0.22 -0.38 -1.51 -1.70 -1.45 -1.28 -0.55 -1.09 -0.83 -0.68 0.03 -0.36 1.54 0.84 -1.04 -1.59 -2.05 -0.03 1.34 -1.47 -1.03 -0.92 -0.36 -0.95 -0.91 -0.56 -2.22 -2.21 -2.31
Total Primary Supply ................................................................ 100.48 104.47 83.59 66.93 59.94 63.33 66.70 66.22 63.38 64.11 74.97 83.49 99.73 91.46 76.01 69.46 63.41 66.69 70.54 71.24 64.92 62.10 71.98 92.46 93.97 83.54 81.37 64.37 60.99 63.63 69.04 67.52 63.99 65.47 78.49 99.44
Consumption (billion cubic feet per day)

Residential ............................................................................. 30.26 32.23 20.42 10.64 5.73 4.14 3.49 3.32 3.62 6.50 13.55 19.06 28.35 23.80 14.68 10.94 6.26 4.09 3.43 3.24 3.66 6.04 12.66 25.62 26.80 20.69 18.70 9.30 6.43 4.13 3.47 3.35 3.82 6.62 15.59 26.50
Commercial ........................................................................... 17.18 18.48 12.44 7.74 5.18 4.51 4.31 4.36 4.60 6.29 9.44 11.37 16.23 14.26 9.63 7.77 5.53 4.61 4.34 4.53 4.73 6.18 9.35 14.93 15.46 12.84 11.99 7.07 5.76 4.60 4.31 4.43 4.83 6.47 10.74 15.70
Industrial ................................................................................ 23.17 23.56 21.34 20.26 19.45 19.16 19.09 19.35 19.30 19.77 21.28 21.76 23.26 22.85 21.38 20.67 19.76 19.68 19.89 20.24 20.13 20.09 21.80 23.68 23.70 23.23 22.48 21.07 20.28 20.48 20.13 20.57 20.54 21.19 23.20 24.56
Electric Power (c) .................................................................. 22.95 23.16 22.86 22.14 23.69 29.55 33.73 33.12 29.83 25.53 24.41 24.79 24.97 23.79 24.02 23.96 25.95 32.34 36.77 37.14 30.51 23.99 22.07 21.64 21.28 20.31 21.68 20.90 22.58 28.37 34.90 32.97 28.64 24.92 22.21 25.32
Lease and Plant Fuel ............................................................ 4.28 4.30 4.32 4.38 4.32 4.31 4.32 4.33 4.35 4.32 4.30 4.30 4.27 4.34 4.29 4.28 4.23 4.19 4.23 4.19 4.17 4.15 4.19 4.14 4.07 4.11 4.20 4.21 4.20 4.23 4.28 4.28 4.35 4.41 4.53 4.55
Pipeline and Distribution Use ............................................... 2.54 2.65 2.09 1.65 1.47 1.56 1.65 1.64 1.56 1.58 1.87 2.09 2.53 2.31 1.90 1.73 1.57 1.66 1.76 1.78 1.61 1.54 1.80 2.34 2.53 2.23 2.19 1.70 1.61 1.68 1.82 1.80 1.69 1.73 2.09 2.66
Vehicle Use ............................................................................ 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13
Total Consumption ................................................................... 100.48 104.47 83.59 66.93 59.94 63.33 66.70 66.22 63.38 64.11 74.97 83.49 99.73 91.46 76.01 69.46 63.41 66.69 70.54 71.24 64.92 62.10 71.98 92.46 93.97 83.54 81.37 64.37 60.99 63.63 69.04 67.52 63.99 65.47 78.49 99.44
End-of-period Inventories (billion cubic feet)

Working Gas Inventory ......................................................... 2,407 1,666 1,471 1,793 2,287 2,647 2,924 3,242 3,614 3,942 3,927 3,667 2,938 2,534 2,486 2,646 2,966 3,186 3,318 3,441 3,705 4,013 3,977 3,297 2,622 2,337 2,063 2,291 2,627 2,907 3,054 3,250 3,567 3,816 3,709 3,033
East Region (d) .................................................................. 534 339 239 309 452 573 658 763 856 915 910 853 628 481 436 463 557 654 735 804 898 940 899 721 528 406 260 335 448 563 662 777 866 924 867 710
Midwest Region (d) ............................................................ 618 346 253 310 439 566 685 832 973 1,095 1,092 989 765 608 543 567 671 763 834 921 1,042 1,134 1,112 906 698 589 477 524 609 701 764 868 993 1,101 1,054 829
South Central Region (d) ................................................... 823 568 566 741 912 993 1,042 1,088 1,198 1,313 1,324 1,295 1,089 1,014 1,071 1,150 1,227 1,227 1,193 1,149 1,176 1,325 1,352 1,162 997 972 938 1,014 1,102 1,139 1,102 1,068 1,137 1,214 1,219 1,016
Mountain Region (d) .......................................................... 131 116 113 116 135 155 172 187 203 215 207 186 156 143 144 152 176 196 208 219 232 248 251 204 159 141 142 151 167 184 197 202 218 221 221 177
Pacific Region (d) ............................................................... 276 273 276 294 325 336 344 348 359 380 369 320 276 263 266 287 306 316 316 315 321 331 328 271 210 201 219 238 270 288 295 297 314 318 311 264
Alaska .................................................................................. 25 25 24 24 24 24 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 25 25 27 29 30 32 34 36 35 34 33 30 29 27 28 30 32 35 37 39 39 37 36
Table 5c. U.S. Regional Natural Gas Prices (dollars per thousand cubic feet)
2015 2016 2017
Wholesale/Spot
Henry Hub Spot Price ......... 3.11 2.98 2.94 2.71 2.96 2.89 2.95 2.88 2.76 2.43 2.17 2.00 2.37 2.07 1.80 1.99 2.00 2.69 2.93 2.93 3.11 3.09 2.65 3.73 3.43 2.96 2.99 3.22 3.27 3.09 3.09 3.01 3.09 2.99 3.13 2.93
Residential Retail
New England ...................... 13.87 13.08 12.31 12.92 13.63 14.30 15.59 16.42 16.56 13.06 12.15 12.70 11.71 11.73 11.77 12.33 13.30 15.18 17.16 18.30 17.77 15.06 13.46 12.83 12.77 13.11 12.74 13.34 14.51 15.32 17.86 18.56 17.91 15.18 13.38 13.40
Middle Atlantic .................... 9.83 9.41 9.01 9.52 12.08 14.92 15.82 16.38 16.49 12.81 11.03 10.11 8.87 8.56 9.22 9.63 10.66 13.82 15.51 16.81 16.25 13.42 10.48 9.27 9.43 10.14 10.15 10.54 12.99 14.91 17.39 17.63 16.54 15.32 11.85 10.22
E. N. Central ....................... 7.98 7.47 8.02 8.78 11.66 15.13 16.76 17.45 16.34 10.51 7.96 7.02 6.49 6.74 7.40 7.73 10.28 14.10 17.42 18.78 17.28 12.30 8.74 7.13 7.55 8.16 7.78 9.97 11.27 16.66 18.40 18.82 16.73 11.10 7.88 7.03
W. N. Central ...................... 8.65 8.38 8.97 10.25 12.23 15.55 17.33 18.17 17.40 13.36 9.38 7.70 7.13 7.26 8.09 8.60 11.27 15.03 17.76 18.50 17.17 13.75 10.34 7.81 7.95 8.49 8.54 9.80 12.29 16.10 18.79 19.17 18.00 12.79 9.28 8.62
S. Atlantic ............................ 11.06 10.07 10.94 13.54 17.96 21.28 22.20 22.19 22.21 16.64 13.29 13.10 9.75 9.63 11.61 12.90 15.72 19.81 22.78 23.28 23.36 19.86 13.74 11.06 11.34 12.74 11.76 15.80 20.85 23.70 25.67 26.72 24.89 20.26 12.88 11.14
E. S. Central ....................... 9.63 9.30 8.85 12.17 15.64 17.95 19.25 19.91 18.55 15.73 12.54 10.26 8.56 8.22 9.10 10.89 14.24 16.91 19.05 20.35 19.25 18.80 13.17 9.63 9.80 10.90 10.86 13.12 16.61 19.44 20.70 21.35 19.90 16.92 11.60 9.99
W. S. Central ...................... 8.77 8.46 8.14 11.66 15.28 16.68 18.45 21.12 20.58 19.18 14.84 9.15 7.92 7.89 9.95 11.49 15.88 16.68 19.52 22.59 21.03 20.35 18.17 10.27 9.28 10.53 11.97 14.80 16.53 18.55 20.92 23.26 21.65 20.51 13.55 10.97
Mountain ............................. 9.38 9.78 10.00 10.16 10.85 12.87 14.86 14.78 14.30 11.55 8.55 7.99 7.90 8.29 8.77 8.78 9.32 12.58 14.02 14.47 13.00 10.53 8.99 7.79 7.86 8.34 8.90 9.26 10.17 12.57 14.51 14.56 13.02 9.62 8.76 8.32
Pacific ................................. 11.56 11.59 11.52 11.20 11.79 12.33 12.34 12.54 12.31 11.84 10.42 11.07 11.00 11.19 10.61 10.67 11.68 11.80 12.43 13.24 13.36 12.74 11.96 12.12 12.18 11.90 11.77 12.01 12.78 13.37 12.97 13.05 12.62 11.79 11.06 11.20
U.S. Average ................... 9.50 9.08 9.28 10.43 12.73 15.07 16.28 16.88 16.40 12.60 10.02 9.27 8.28 8.36 9.19 9.65 11.62 14.43 16.56 17.60 16.78 13.74 10.77 9.06 9.32 10.01 9.86 11.34 13.26 16.06 17.86 18.22 16.92 13.36 10.15 9.29
Commercial Retail
New England ...................... 11.50 10.83 9.94 10.40 10.15 9.53 9.43 9.71 10.02 8.79 8.90 9.58 8.84 8.80 8.77 9.39 9.52 10.06 10.24 10.69 10.32 9.84 9.50 9.47 9.59 9.99 9.46 9.83 10.38 10.35 10.74 10.84 10.49 9.92 9.50 9.91
Middle Atlantic .................... 8.07 7.83 7.68 7.57 7.18 7.38 6.73 6.39 6.60 6.76 6.88 7.17 6.95 6.96 6.86 6.52 6.45 6.34 6.26 5.92 6.03 6.27 6.70 7.06 7.58 7.93 7.71 7.41 7.50 7.48 7.35 6.67 6.64 7.29 7.31 7.58
E. N. Central ....................... 7.08 6.76 6.98 6.90 7.82 8.72 8.96 8.96 8.55 6.84 6.33 6.00 5.75 5.86 6.09 6.08 6.84 7.86 8.84 8.98 8.54 7.39 6.74 6.14 6.60 6.75 6.49 7.40 7.85 8.93 9.05 9.22 8.55 6.98 6.20 5.93
W. N. Central ...................... 7.84 7.34 7.79 7.71 7.70 8.83 9.06 9.24 8.77 7.40 6.90 6.30 6.12 6.19 6.45 6.24 6.77 7.77 8.49 8.69 8.33 7.36 6.97 6.53 6.93 7.04 6.76 7.14 7.80 8.81 9.11 9.32 8.79 7.26 6.86 7.01
S. Atlantic ............................ 8.88 8.26 8.34 8.93 9.29 9.66 9.53 9.49 9.69 8.81 8.95 8.98 7.28 7.49 8.15 8.09 8.30 8.78 9.34 9.28 9.33 8.97 8.68 8.28 8.65 9.32 8.48 9.61 9.93 10.06 9.53 9.73 9.62 9.29 8.86 8.46
E. S. Central ....................... 8.81 8.59 8.04 9.43 9.71 9.83 10.09 10.13 9.74 9.30 9.09 8.50 7.52 7.36 7.67 8.33 8.46 9.05 9.50 10.02 9.73 10.15 9.49 8.44 8.69 9.14 9.04 9.78 10.17 10.49 10.55 10.71 10.56 10.10 9.33 8.72
W. S. Central ...................... 7.54 7.15 6.82 7.13 7.39 7.17 7.90 8.13 8.12 8.05 7.63 6.72 6.27 6.10 6.52 6.47 7.19 7.10 7.89 8.52 8.41 8.70 8.52 7.65 7.42 7.69 7.62 8.01 8.10 8.30 8.70 8.88 8.79 8.63 8.03 7.91
Mountain ............................. 8.22 8.31 8.45 8.54 8.40 8.81 9.17 9.03 8.98 8.24 7.18 6.96 6.84 6.98 7.11 6.96 6.95 7.59 7.90 8.10 7.88 7.43 6.95 6.68 6.72 6.96 7.16 7.21 7.29 7.90 8.36 8.36 8.19 7.30 7.23 7.18
Pacific ................................. 9.51 9.35 9.41 8.90 8.37 9.06 9.06 9.11 8.86 8.81 7.84 8.45 8.24 8.71 8.45 7.95 8.11 8.57 8.85 9.32 9.53 9.23 9.22 9.18 9.03 9.04 9.21 8.96 8.86 9.43 9.20 9.25 8.86 8.46 8.48 8.62
U.S. Average ................... 8.15 7.81 7.85 8.03 8.13 8.52 8.49 8.46 8.43 7.79 7.39 7.23 6.75 6.86 7.08 6.98 7.32 7.72 8.14 8.30 8.28 7.96 7.67 7.27 7.58 7.89 7.68 8.04 8.31 8.75 8.81 8.76 8.52 7.97 7.51 7.42
Industrial Retail
New England ...................... 10.01 9.18 8.10 8.67 7.15 6.28 6.15 5.94 6.22 5.64 6.58 7.79 6.94 6.89 6.80 7.12 6.72 6.00 6.19 6.17 6.03 6.38 6.84 7.41 7.79 8.20 7.50 7.36 7.28 6.27 6.35 6.30 6.47 5.71 6.88 7.68
Middle Atlantic .................... 8.30 7.97 7.65 7.64 7.46 6.98 6.99 6.60 6.93 6.50 6.83 6.97 6.51 6.39 6.64 5.82 6.09 6.15 6.42 6.20 6.14 6.29 6.77 6.94 7.59 8.06 7.48 7.65 7.32 8.12 8.29 7.41 7.08 7.38 7.58 7.85
E. N. Central ....................... 6.55 6.21 6.27 5.73 5.33 5.71 5.43 5.63 5.39 5.08 5.11 5.16 5.05 5.11 4.93 4.99 4.52 4.51 5.55 5.35 5.44 5.22 5.51 5.43 6.11 5.91 5.66 6.15 5.73 5.94 5.39 5.72 5.62 5.02 5.45 5.36
W. N. Central ...................... 5.94 5.66 5.69 4.77 4.20 4.38 4.44 4.31 4.25 4.18 4.25 4.63 4.51 4.60 4.12 3.83 3.40 3.48 4.11 4.05 4.03 4.12 4.38 4.93 5.22 5.20 4.50 4.36 4.16 4.23 4.10 4.07 4.46 4.45 4.49 4.94
S. Atlantic ............................ 5.93 5.81 5.32 4.61 4.45 4.69 4.65 4.66 4.63 4.51 4.23 4.40 4.70 4.48 4.01 3.70 3.82 3.84 4.42 4.43 4.49 4.54 4.71 5.19 5.78 5.45 4.75 5.03 4.88 4.95 4.88 4.82 4.91 4.78 4.76 5.19
E. S. Central ....................... 5.41 5.31 5.20 4.53 4.20 4.44 4.34 4.28 4.16 3.99 3.86 3.97 4.13 4.13 3.71 3.45 3.35 3.45 4.11 4.04 4.25 4.40 4.52 4.95 5.33 5.13 4.50 4.50 4.48 4.52 4.39 4.26 4.26 4.29 4.45 4.68
W. S. Central ...................... 3.44 3.17 3.07 2.91 2.84 3.07 3.10 3.16 2.98 2.81 2.32 2.42 2.53 2.41 1.92 2.13 2.18 2.20 3.01 3.04 3.18 3.24 3.00 3.34 3.89 3.51 2.86 3.33 3.37 3.52 3.42 3.21 3.22 3.15 3.02 3.23
Mountain ............................. 6.63 6.65 6.66 6.36 5.95 6.38 6.28 6.07 6.14 5.86 5.60 5.17 5.17 5.34 5.36 5.01 4.83 5.07 5.43 5.48 5.44 5.37 5.06 5.00 5.30 5.36 5.36 5.21 5.43 5.64 5.72 5.75 5.62 6.06 5.41 5.32
Pacific ................................. 7.92 7.26 7.32 7.06 6.25 6.97 6.78 6.76 6.83 6.61 6.31 6.96 6.36 6.80 6.60 5.95 5.81 6.01 6.22 6.72 6.71 6.70 6.92 7.47 7.32 7.18 7.23 6.67 6.59 6.58 6.50 6.17 6.03 5.93 6.17 6.64
U.S. Average ................... 4.90 4.74 4.46 3.96 3.58 3.76 3.74 3.79 3.65 3.54 3.28 3.48 3.62 3.58 3.02 3.00 2.90 2.89 3.57 3.59 3.74 3.87 3.86 4.27 4.87 4.56 3.94 4.13 4.03 4.06 3.93 3.79 3.84 3.79 3.85 4.21
Table 6. U.S. Coal Supply, Consumption, and Inventories
2015 2016 2017
Supply (million short tons)
Production ............................................ 86.6 72.3 81.5 75.2 70.4 66.9 76.5 82.6 77.7 75.7 68.6 63.0 60.6 57.3 55.3 48.2 53.1 59.5 61.8 68.2 65.1 68.7 67.1 63.3 68.4 64.4 64.3 58.8 62.1 66.2 63.0 70.6 62.9 66.4 64.3 63.2
Appalachia ........................................ 22.5 18.8 21.2 19.4 18.2 17.3 18.2 19.7 18.5 17.6 16.0 14.7 15.5 14.7 14.2 13.0 14.3 16.0 14.3 15.8 15.0 16.4 16.0 15.1 17.7 16.6 16.6 15.9 16.8 17.9 14.9 16.7 14.9 17.2 16.7 16.4
Interior ............................................... 16.3 13.6 15.3 14.1 13.2 12.5 14.6 15.7 14.8 13.7 12.4 11.4 12.9 12.2 11.8 10.3 11.4 12.7 11.3 12.5 11.9 12.7 12.5 11.7 13.3 12.6 12.6 11.4 12.1 12.9 11.2 12.6 11.2 12.2 11.8 11.6
Western ............................................. 47.8 39.9 45.0 41.7 39.1 37.1 43.7 47.2 44.4 44.4 40.2 36.9 32.2 30.4 29.4 24.9 27.4 30.7 36.2 39.9 38.1 39.6 38.7 36.5 37.4 35.2 35.2 31.4 33.2 35.4 36.9 41.3 36.8 37.0 35.8 35.2
Primary Inventory Withdrawals ............. 0.1 -0.8 0.0 -0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.6 1.1 0.0 -0.3 0.6 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.2 1.0 1.1 1.5 2.3 1.8 0.9 0.8 0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.9 -2.0 1.2 0.8 0.0 -0.2 -0.3
Imports ................................................. 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.2 0.7 0.9 0.6 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 1.1 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.4
Exports ................................................ 7.9 6.5 7.6 7.2 6.8 5.8 5.1 6.4 5.4 5.7 4.7 4.8 4.4 4.5 5.2 4.6 4.2 5.4 3.3 5.0 4.3 4.9 6.6 7.9 7.4 6.9 8.0 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.2 8.6 8.9 9.2 9.6 9.5
Metallurgical Coal .............................. 5.0 3.2 5.3 4.2 4.6 4.0 2.9 3.9 3.4 3.5 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.4 2.4 3.8 2.8 3.2 3.8 4.6 4.3 3.8 4.1 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.2 5.2 5.4 4.7 5.1 5.0
Steam Coal ....................................... 2.9 3.3 2.3 3.0 2.2 1.8 2.2 2.5 2.0 2.3 1.8 1.7 1.4 1.0 1.6 1.2 0.9 2.0 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.7 2.7 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.9 2.6 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.4 3.5 4.5 4.4 4.5
Total Primary Supply ............................... 80.1 65.9 74.7 68.3 65.0 62.4 72.9 78.8 74.4 70.8 64.5 59.8 57.5 53.6 51.4 44.6 50.8 55.8 61.0 66.5 63.4 65.5 62.1 56.4 62.1 57.9 56.9 52.0 56.7 60.5 54.7 64.1 55.3 57.8 54.9 53.8
Secondary Inventory Withdrawals ......... -2.5 5.7 -4.9 -13.0 -6.0 6.1 8.2 1.7 -6.4 -13.3 -12.8 -6.7 8.6 0.4 -4.2 -1.6 0.8 10.4 14.0 9.3 2.4 -4.3 -9.3 8.3 6.0 -4.0 -1.1 -2.2 1.3 4.4 12.1 4.5 1.6 -1.8 -1.9 5.8
Waste Coal (a) ..................................... 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.8 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.7 1.0
Total Supply ............................................ 78.7 72.6 70.5 55.9 59.8 69.4 82.0 81.5 68.8 58.0 52.5 53.9 67.2 55.0 48.0 43.7 52.3 67.1 76.1 76.8 66.6 61.7 53.5 65.7 69.2 54.8 56.8 50.5 58.7 65.7 67.7 69.5 57.7 56.6 53.7 60.7
Consumption (million short tons)

Coke Plants ......................................... 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6
Electric Power Sector (b) ...................... 71.3 67.1 58.3 48.4 57.1 68.9 76.5 73.7 64.7 53.6 48.9 50.2 62.1 50.7 39.9 39.2 45.1 63.3 74.2 73.9 62.4 54.6 48.2 65.0 63.6 48.0 48.9 44.4 51.0 58.9 69.9 65.9 54.8 50.1 51.0 58.5
Retail and Other Industry ...................... 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9
Residential and Commercial .............. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Other Industrial .................................. 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8
Total Consumption .................................. 76.9 72.3 63.6 53.2 61.9 73.8 81.4 78.6 69.4 58.4 53.6 54.9 66.7 55.2 44.6 43.4 49.3 67.6 78.6 78.2 66.6 59.0 52.5 69.5 68.0 52.4 53.3 48.6 55.2 63.1 74.2 70.2 59.0 54.4 55.4 63.0
Discrepancy (c) 1.8 0.2 7.0 2.7 -2.2 -4.4 0.5 2.9 -0.5 -0.4 -1.1 -1.1 0.5 -0.3 3.4 0.3 3.0 -0.5 -2.4 -1.4 0.0 2.7 0.9 -3.8 1.2 2.4 3.4 1.9 3.5 2.6 -6.5 -0.7 -1.4 2.1 -1.7 -2.4
End-of-period Inventories (million short tons)

Primary Inventories (d) ......................... 38.8 39.6 39.6 40.2 39.8 39.4 39.0 37.4 36.2 36.2 36.5 35.9 35.2 35.3 35.2 35.0 34.1 32.9 31.4 29.1 27.3 26.4 25.6 25.3 25.0 25.2 25.2 25.2 24.4 23.4 25.5 24.2 23.4 23.5 23.7 24.0
Secondary Inventories .......................... 161.3 155.6 160.5 173.5 179.4 173.3 165.1 163.4 169.8 183.0 195.8 202.6 193.9 193.5 197.8 199.3 198.5 188.1 174.0 164.7 162.3 166.7 176.0 167.7 161.6 165.7 166.8 169.0 167.7 163.3 151.1 146.6 145.1 146.9 148.8 143.0
Electric Power Sector ........................ 154.4 149.1 154.3 167.1 172.8 166.4 157.9 156.0 162.1 175.6 188.6 195.5 187.2 187.1 191.6 193.2 192.4 182.1 168.1 158.9 156.6 160.9 170.3 162.0 156.2 160.5 161.8 163.9 162.5 158.0 145.8 141.2 139.6 141.5 143.4 137.7
Retail and General Industry ............... 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2
Coke Plants ...................................... 2.5 2.3 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7
Commercial & Institutional ………… 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Coal Market Indicators

Coal Miner Productivity
(Tons per hour) .................................. 6.28 6.28 6.28 6.28 6.28 6.28 6.28 6.28 6.28 6.28 6.28 6.28 6.61 6.61 6.61 6.61 6.61 6.61 6.61 6.61 6.61 6.61 6.61 6.61 6.55 6.55 6.55 6.55 6.55 6.55 6.55 6.55 6.55 6.55 6.55 6.55
Total Raw Steel Production
(Million short tons per day) ................ 0.262 0.247 0.233 0.237 0.243 0.247 0.249 0.249 0.246 0.240 0.224 0.215 0.233 0.242 0.240 0.241 0.250 0.251 0.245 0.238 0.232 0.227 0.229 0.235 0.244 0.250 0.249 0.247 0.249 0.247 0.251 0.251 0.247 0.248 0.247 0.240
Cost of Coal to Electric Utilities
(Dollars per million Btu) ..................... 2.29 2.26 2.26 2.23 2.26 2.25 2.21 2.23 2.22 2.15 2.15 2.16 2.12 2.11 2.17 2.16 2.16 2.10 2.11 2.11 2.12 2.07 2.08 2.08 2.09 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.07 2.06 2.05 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.04
Table 7a. U.S. Electricity Industry Overview
2015 2016 2017
Electricity Supply (billion kilowatthours)
Electricity Generation .......................... 360 334 324 294 322 362 400 392 350 312 301 324 353 314 304 293 317 368 412 410 351 313 297 345 343 290 318 294 323 358 404 384 336 320 310 353
Electric Power Sector (a) .................. 347 322 312 282 310 349 386 378 337 299 288 310 339 301 291 281 304 354 398 395 338 300 284 332 330 278 305 282 310 345 390 370 323 308 298 340
Industrial Sector (b) .......................... 13 11 11 11 12 12 13 13 12 12 12 13 12 12 12 11 12 12 13 13 12 12 12 12 12 11 12 11 12 12 13 13 11 12 12 13
Commercial Sector (b) ...................... 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Net Imports ....................................... 5 4 6 6 6 6 6 7 6 5 5 5 6 5 5 4 5 6 7 7 5 5 6 5 7 5 5 4 4 5 5 6 5 3 3 4
Total Supply ........................................ 366 339 330 300 328 368 407 399 356 317 306 330 359 319 310 297 322 374 419 416 356 318 303 350 350 295 323 299 327 363 410 390 340 324 313 358
Losses and Unaccounted for (c) ........ 24 21 13 14 29 30 31 24 11 9 18 20 26 11 12 17 26 32 34 23 8 10 14 28 19 8 20 15 23 23 29 17 7 13 19 33
Electricity Consumption (billion kilowatthours)

Retail Sales ........................................ 330 307 305 275 288 326 363 362 333 296 276 297 321 297 286 270 285 330 372 381 337 297 277 311 318 276 291 273 292 329 368 360 322 300 283 312
Residential Sector ........................... 138 124 117 90 95 120 146 145 125 99 93 112 131 116 100 88 94 125 154 156 129 102 93 121 129 101 103 91 98 123 150 142 119 103 98 122
Commercial Sector .......................... 112 105 108 104 109 119 129 129 122 113 104 107 110 103 106 102 108 120 130 135 123 113 105 110 109 100 107 103 110 120 129 128 119 113 105 109
Industrial Sector .............................. 80 77 80 80 83 86 88 88 85 83 78 78 79 77 79 79 81 84 87 89 83 82 78 79 79 75 81 79 83 85 88 89 84 83 79 80
Transportation Sector ....................... 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Direct Use (d) ..................................... 12 11 11 11 11 12 13 13 12 12 12 12 12 11 12 11 11 12 13 13 12 11 11 12 12 11 12 11 11 12 13 13 11 11 11 13
Total Consumption ............................. 342 317 316 286 299 338 376 375 345 308 288 310 333 308 297 280 296 342 385 394 348 308 289 322 330 287 303 284 303 341 380 373 333 311 295 325
Average residential electricity
usage per customer (kWh) .................. 1,061 954 903 695 733 927 1,125 1,113 966 765 714 860 999 885 765 673 719 955 1,178 1,194 987 774 711 925 975 762 778 684 741 924 1,131 1,071 896 775 742 920
End-of-period Fuel Inventories Held by Electric Power Sector

Coal (mmst) ........................................ 154.4 149.1 154.3 167.1 172.8 166.4 157.9 156.0 162.1 175.6 188.6 195.5 187.2 187.1 191.6 193.2 192.4 182.1 168.1 158.9 156.6 160.9 170.3 162.0 156.2 160.5 161.8 163.9 162.5 158.0 145.8 141.2 139.6 141.5 143.4 137.7
Residual Fuel (mmb) ........................... 12.2 9.8 10.3 10.2 10.5 10.6 10.3 10.1 10.8 11.5 12.3 12.6 12.0 11.6 11.7 12.0 12.1 11.9 11.7 11.6 11.6 11.6 12.0 11.8 11.9 11.7 12.7 12.4 12.2 12.0 11.7 11.5 11.4 11.3 11.4 10.9
Distillate Fuel (mmb) ........................... 18.2 16.5 17.0 17.2 17.4 17.5 17.5 17.7 18.3 18.6 18.7 18.0 17.9 17.7 17.5 17.6 17.9 17.9 17.7 17.8 17.9 18.0 18.3 17.9 17.7 17.6 17.3 17.4 17.3 17.1 17.2 17.1 16.8 16.8 17.0 16.4
Prices
Power Generation Fuel Costs (dollars per million Btu)
Coal ................................................. 2.29 2.26 2.26 2.23 2.26 2.25 2.21 2.23 2.22 2.15 2.15 2.16 2.12 2.11 2.17 2.16 2.16 2.10 2.11 2.11 2.12 2.07 2.08 2.08 2.09 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.07 2.06 2.05 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.04
Natural Gas ..................................... 4.11 4.70 3.55 3.10 3.14 3.12 3.11 3.11 3.06 2.92 2.65 2.59 3.02 2.70 2.23 2.42 2.39 2.67 2.97 2.95 3.07 3.13 3.02 3.96 4.11 3.56 3.35 3.38 3.48 3.29 3.21 3.13 3.16 3.13 3.35 3.63
Residual Fuel Oil ............................. 12.28 10.30 10.37 11.83 10.83 12.20 11.34 11.25 8.44 7.74 7.77 7.81 7.08 5.77 5.63 7.53 9.07 8.93 11.72 8.55 8.42 8.75 9.03 9.65 11.25 10.77 11.42 10.64 10.69 10.48 9.99 10.03 10.06 10.61 10.28 13.60
Distillate Fuel Oil ............................. 13.37 16.46 15.60 14.82 15.34 15.29 14.37 13.05 12.02 12.44 12.38 10.57 8.90 8.78 9.46 9.97 10.76 12.22 12.08 11.41 11.29 12.04 12.01 12.22 13.02 12.98 12.35 13.00 12.22 11.56 11.82 12.95 14.52 14.11 14.61 14.63
Retail Prices (cents per kilowatthour)
Residential Sector ........................... 12.10 12.29 12.33 12.62 12.93 12.92 12.94 12.91 13.03 12.72 12.71 12.32 11.99 12.14 12.56 12.43 12.79 12.73 12.68 12.88 12.87 12.46 12.75 12.23 12.21 12.79 12.89 12.72 13.07 13.20 13.08 13.15 13.28 12.80 12.94 12.45
Commercial Sector .......................... 10.31 10.62 10.63 10.37 10.47 10.89 11.07 10.94 10.98 10.73 10.30 10.13 10.08 10.25 10.23 10.19 10.31 10.66 10.68 10.76 10.77 10.55 10.32 10.17 10.21 10.48 10.46 10.40 10.59 11.01 10.97 11.01 11.03 10.78 10.49 10.28
Industrial Sector .............................. 6.67 6.88 6.83 6.61 6.74 7.11 7.45 7.35 7.21 6.88 6.61 6.45 6.44 6.42 6.46 6.44 6.57 7.03 7.23 7.23 7.14 6.73 6.66 6.67 6.59 6.63 6.71 6.60 6.78 7.19 7.31 7.22 7.17 6.91 6.73 6.54
Wholesale Electricity Prices (dollars per megawatthour)
ERCOT North hub ............................ 27.85 28.19 31.05 26.54 27.16 27.82 35.40 70.13 28.29 24.37 21.93 20.76 21.38 17.98 19.64 23.42 21.70 27.51 31.37 36.46 31.29 29.25 21.86 29.63 24.84 21.94 23.81 24.52 26.12 29.63 36.52 31.05 26.06 23.99 25.44 23.42
CAISO SP15 zone ........................... 35.69 31.88 30.73 29.03 28.11 37.01 39.27 39.02 38.00 35.55 30.22 29.83 30.14 24.47 19.61 18.92 23.07 33.41 39.03 38.57 35.55 35.45 30.67 36.40 36.27 28.52 23.97 26.71 32.08 38.14 41.49 54.96 43.18 47.86 44.82 44.21
ISO-NE Internal hub ........................ 81.92 136.54 69.86 33.69 31.19 26.21 34.40 37.87 39.59 43.64 35.08 28.02 45.42 33.04 23.10 32.73 24.89 26.89 42.61 43.88 37.44 27.25 28.47 60.51 42.89 32.92 37.81 33.05 33.29 30.23 34.64 30.16 31.03 35.32 37.95 74.97
NYISO Hudson Valley zone ............. 68.65 131.86 57.24 32.07 39.14 31.21 37.05 36.86 40.62 31.45 27.68 25.80 43.06 31.25 23.44 31.47 25.86 28.90 44.29 40.62 32.41 25.78 29.54 51.87 42.99 34.03 39.07 35.70 33.44 34.12 36.55 32.43 31.78 29.92 33.94 52.75
PJM Western hub ............................ 44.64 90.26 45.78 37.31 44.81 39.26 42.18 36.75 38.48 36.99 32.53 29.54 35.59 30.55 28.34 34.33 30.04 31.83 43.17 40.04 39.02 35.84 29.99 37.09 33.65 29.04 34.67 34.40 35.36 29.95 35.62 32.15 37.52 33.60 35.00 41.37
Midcontinent ISO Illinois hub ........... 30.44 35.34 31.23 29.68 32.71 30.66 33.24 31.51 36.01 32.59 25.95 24.60 25.26 25.04 24.64 26.80 30.62 31.25 39.36 39.83 36.35 34.38 27.46 35.20 31.27 26.67 28.35 30.20 35.09 34.57 36.91 31.37 36.39 30.21 28.87 27.57
SPP ISO South hub ......................... 29.40 28.56 27.75 29.17 29.62 31.56 34.19 31.46 30.19 26.82 24.30 21.70 23.80 20.56 18.77 23.91 23.12 31.26 33.61 32.59 36.78 36.33 26.72 35.84 31.29 25.57 29.29 38.00 35.14 32.03 36.00 30.47 28.75 26.76 24.85 28.74
SERC index, Into Southern .............. 29.18 34.72 30.25 28.13 28.78 38.81 34.58 34.25 31.48 25.11 31.70 23.91 23.68 21.86 20.67 21.50 21.85 27.43 36.38 33.55 32.20 31.56 24.26 31.55 29.34 26.53 31.82 31.91 33.67 30.93 30.10 25.90 27.56 30.65 27.19 30.75
FRCC index, Florida Reliability ........ 30.63 32.00 28.98 31.18 29.96 36.09 34.49 35.07 34.70 28.59 29.30 25.00 23.20 21.03 20.94 23.20 23.79 29.24 38.89 32.99 32.77 33.44 27.65 34.80 30.56 27.28 30.99 32.91 33.68 29.86 30.49 31.59 32.11 34.90 25.73 28.38
Northwest index, Mid-Columbia ........ 23.31 19.69 19.24 20.29 27.96 37.26 39.94 32.29 27.49 23.41 20.58 21.56 22.83 17.15 13.27 12.75 14.66 22.33 31.12 35.98 28.56 23.29 19.15 34.33 34.07 23.46 13.85 14.75 17.74 16.20 29.64 51.96 31.19 26.87 26.28 28.32
Southwest index, Palo Verde ........... 26.56 24.62 25.07 24.07 24.49 31.59 34.12 35.86 29.46 27.19 22.91 21.70 21.56 18.77 17.02 18.63 18.73 29.89 40.90 37.18 26.68 26.67 19.96 28.76 27.49 22.12 20.90 27.25 28.74 42.31 38.55 53.94 38.77 35.60 29.18 27.48
Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.
Table 7b. U.S. Regional Electricity Retail Sales (billion kilowatthours)
2015 2016 2017
Residential Sector
New England ............... 4.8 4.7 4.3 3.6 3.1 3.5 4.4 4.7 4.3 3.3 3.2 3.8 4.3 4.0 3.7 3.3 3.1 3.6 4.5 5.2 4.3 3.2 3.2 4.1 4.4 3.8 3.9 3.4 3.1 3.7 4.5 4.4 3.6 3.2 3.4 4.4
Middle Atlantic .............. 13.3 12.6 12.1 9.3 9.1 10.9 13.1 13.7 12.1 9.1 8.7 10.4 12.0 11.4 10.1 8.7 8.7 10.8 14.4 15.5 12.7 9.1 9.0 11.4 12.3 10.3 10.7 8.8 8.5 10.7 13.8 12.9 10.5 9.3 9.2 11.7
E. N. Central ................ 19.3 17.6 16.0 11.7 12.6 14.7 18.2 17.9 15.2 11.8 12.8 15.4 18.2 15.7 13.7 12.0 12.4 16.4 20.4 21.1 15.7 12.2 12.6 17.6 17.7 13.7 14.3 11.6 12.1 15.9 19.2 16.8 14.3 12.3 13.7 17.7
W. N. Central ............... 11.0 9.8 8.6 6.4 6.5 8.4 10.4 9.7 8.3 6.5 6.8 9.1 10.6 8.9 7.6 6.4 6.4 9.4 10.9 10.6 8.3 6.8 6.7 10.2 10.8 8.1 7.9 6.5 6.7 8.7 10.9 9.0 7.9 6.9 7.4 9.7
S. Atlantic ..................... 34.9 32.5 30.2 22.7 25.9 32.7 38.2 36.3 30.9 24.6 23.7 26.7 33.1 30.4 25.3 22.1 25.1 32.9 40.4 39.6 33.6 25.7 23.6 29.7 30.8 24.2 25.6 23.2 26.5 31.6 38.2 36.5 30.1 27.1 25.0 30.6
E. S. Central ................ 12.2 12.1 10.6 7.2 7.7 10.1 12.5 12.4 10.2 7.7 7.1 8.5 11.3 10.8 8.4 7.0 7.5 10.3 13.0 13.1 11.6 8.5 7.3 9.8 10.7 8.4 8.1 7.4 7.8 9.7 12.1 11.8 9.6 8.3 7.8 10.1
W. S. Central ................ 20.2 17.2 17.2 12.7 14.1 19.4 24.9 25.8 22.0 16.8 12.6 15.2 18.5 16.0 13.4 12.5 14.4 20.2 26.2 25.9 22.5 17.9 13.6 16.1 18.3 13.6 13.6 13.3 15.4 20.4 24.7 24.8 20.9 17.9 13.7 16.2
Mountain ...................... 8.2 6.2 6.6 6.0 6.4 9.4 10.7 10.9 9.0 7.1 6.4 8.3 8.6 6.8 6.4 6.0 6.8 10.1 11.7 11.0 8.3 6.8 6.3 8.2 8.6 6.7 6.7 6.3 7.3 9.9 12.1 11.0 8.7 7.0 6.4 7.9
Pacific contiguous ........ 13.4 10.8 11.1 10.2 9.5 10.9 13.3 12.8 13.0 12.0 11.0 13.8 13.9 11.5 11.3 9.7 9.5 11.2 12.7 14.2 11.9 10.9 10.5 13.9 15.2 11.9 12.0 9.8 10.5 11.6 14.1 14.5 12.7 10.5 11.3 13.3
AK and HI ..................... 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
Total ........................... 137.8 123.8 117.2 90.2 95.2 120.3 146.0 144.5 125.4 99.3 92.7 111.7 131.0 116.0 100.2 88.2 94.2 125.2 154.4 156.4 129.4 101.5 93.2 121.3 129.2 101.0 103.1 90.7 98.3 122.5 149.9 142.0 118.8 102.8 98.3 122.0
Commercial Sector
New England ............... 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.1 4.1 4.5 4.9 5.0 4.8 4.3 4.0 4.3 4.5 4.2 4.3 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.9 5.2 4.7 4.2 4.0 4.3 4.5 4.0 4.4 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.9 4.9 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.4
Middle Atlantic .............. 13.5 13.2 13.3 12.0 12.6 13.4 14.8 15.0 14.4 12.7 12.0 12.6 13.2 12.8 12.7 11.7 12.3 13.4 15.0 15.6 14.5 12.7 12.1 12.8 13.3 12.5 12.4 11.8 11.9 13.2 14.8 14.4 13.5 12.8 12.2 13.0
E. N. Central ................ 15.9 14.8 15.1 13.7 15.0 15.8 17.1 16.8 16.0 14.7 14.0 14.5 15.5 14.4 14.5 13.9 14.7 16.3 17.5 18.4 16.2 15.0 14.0 15.4 15.4 13.7 14.9 13.5 14.7 16.0 17.2 16.5 15.6 15.0 14.2 15.0
W. N. Central ............... 8.8 8.2 8.2 7.6 8.0 8.7 9.6 9.3 9.0 8.1 7.9 8.2 8.7 8.1 8.0 7.6 8.1 9.1 9.7 9.9 8.8 8.3 7.9 8.7 8.7 7.7 8.2 7.7 8.1 8.9 9.9 9.3 8.8 8.2 8.0 8.6
S. Atlantic ..................... 25.1 24.0 23.7 23.9 26.3 28.3 29.7 29.6 27.5 25.5 24.0 24.1 25.4 23.1 23.8 23.4 25.6 28.0 30.8 31.1 28.3 25.4 23.9 24.8 24.1 22.2 24.4 23.9 26.0 27.8 30.0 29.8 26.9 25.7 24.1 24.7
E. S. Central ................ 7.6 7.2 7.2 7.0 7.4 8.3 9.0 9.1 8.4 7.4 6.9 6.9 7.4 7.1 7.0 6.8 7.3 8.3 9.2 9.5 9.0 7.8 7.1 7.1 7.2 6.6 6.8 6.9 7.4 8.0 8.8 8.9 8.0 7.6 6.9 7.0
W. S. Central ................ 15.3 14.2 14.9 14.9 15.2 17.4 19.0 19.3 18.3 16.9 14.4 14.3 15.0 14.0 14.4 14.4 15.5 17.8 19.2 20.0 18.9 17.2 15.3 15.1 15.0 13.4 14.8 14.3 16.3 17.8 18.8 19.1 18.0 17.3 14.7 15.0
Mountain ...................... 7.5 6.9 7.4 7.3 7.7 8.5 8.9 9.4 8.5 7.9 7.3 7.6 7.5 7.1 7.4 7.2 7.7 8.7 9.4 9.2 8.3 8.1 7.3 7.8 7.7 7.0 7.5 7.3 7.9 8.9 9.6 9.5 8.6 8.0 7.4 7.7
AK and HI ..................... 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Total ........................... 111.6 105.5 107.8 104.2 109.4 119.3 128.5 128.5 122.2 112.8 104.1 106.8 110.4 103.5 105.7 102.0 108.4 120.4 130.0 135.0 123.5 113.0 105.1 110.2 109.5 99.6 107.2 102.6 109.9 120.0 129.3 128.5 118.8 113.3 105.0 109.3
Industrial Sector
New England ............... 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4
Middle Atlantic .............. 6.0 6.0 6.2 5.9 5.6 6.6 6.5 6.2 6.3 6.1 5.7 5.8 6.0 5.9 5.9 5.7 5.9 6.1 6.4 6.4 6.2 6.0 5.7 6.0 5.9 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.4 6.6 6.2 6.1 6.0 6.1
E. N. Central ................ 16.3 15.8 16.7 15.9 16.9 16.9 16.8 17.1 16.7 16.3 15.4 15.5 15.8 15.8 16.4 15.7 16.4 16.5 17.3 17.8 16.4 16.0 15.5 15.8 15.7 14.8 16.2 15.4 16.2 16.5 16.9 17.1 16.4 16.1 15.4 15.6
W. N. Central ............... 7.5 7.3 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.8 8.1 8.4 7.7 7.6 7.4 7.2 7.2 7.1 7.2 7.0 7.4 7.6 8.0 8.3 7.7 7.5 7.5 7.3 7.3 7.0 7.6 7.4 7.8 8.0 8.6 8.4 7.9 7.8 7.7 7.6
S. Atlantic ..................... 11.4 11.4 11.0 11.8 12.6 12.5 12.5 12.8 12.1 12.1 11.7 11.4 11.4 11.0 11.2 11.6 12.1 11.9 12.4 12.7 11.7 11.6 11.3 11.0 11.0 10.5 11.7 11.5 12.3 12.0 12.3 12.6 11.6 12.0 11.5 11.5
E. S. Central ................ 8.7 8.1 8.6 8.6 8.8 8.9 9.0 9.0 8.6 8.5 7.9 7.9 8.2 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.5 8.5 8.7 9.0 8.4 8.4 8.2 8.2 8.4 7.9 8.5 8.3 8.8 8.7 9.0 9.2 8.5 8.4 8.2 8.2
W. S. Central ................ 14.1 13.5 13.9 14.4 14.8 15.6 16.3 16.1 15.8 15.6 14.5 14.8 15.2 14.3 14.7 14.9 15.1 15.6 16.1 16.3 15.7 15.7 14.9 14.9 15.5 14.5 15.4 15.3 16.2 16.9 16.9 17.1 16.2 16.4 15.8 16.2
Mountain ...................... 6.8 6.2 6.5 6.7 7.0 7.7 7.9 8.0 7.3 7.0 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.4 6.5 6.6 7.0 7.6 8.0 7.8 7.0 6.9 6.4 6.6 6.5 6.0 6.5 6.4 7.0 7.5 7.9 7.7 7.2 6.7 6.3 6.6
AK and HI ..................... 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
Total ........................... 79.6 76.7 79.7 80.5 82.9 86.2 87.7 88.4 84.7 83.2 78.5 78.2 78.8 76.7 79.2 78.6 81.5 83.7 87.1 89.1 83.3 81.6 78.4 78.6 78.8 74.5 80.5 78.9 83.1 85.4 87.8 89.1 83.5 82.8 79.5 80.2
Total All Sectors (a)
New England ............... 10.8 10.6 10.2 9.3 8.8 9.7 11.0 11.4 10.7 9.3 8.7 9.6 10.3 9.6 9.6 8.8 8.6 9.7 11.0 12.0 10.6 9.0 8.7 9.8 10.3 9.1 9.7 8.8 8.6 9.7 11.0 10.8 9.6 8.9 9.0 10.2
Middle Atlantic .............. 33.1 32.2 32.0 27.6 27.6 31.2 34.8 35.2 33.1 28.2 26.8 29.1 31.6 30.4 29.0 26.4 27.1 30.6 36.1 37.8 33.7 28.2 27.1 30.6 31.8 29.0 29.3 26.8 26.7 30.4 35.3 34.2 30.6 28.5 27.8 31.1
E. N. Central ................ 51.5 48.3 47.8 41.4 44.6 47.5 52.2 51.9 47.8 42.9 42.2 45.5 49.6 45.9 44.7 41.6 43.5 49.2 55.2 57.3 48.4 43.3 42.1 48.8 48.8 42.2 45.4 40.5 43.1 48.4 53.3 50.5 46.3 43.5 43.4 48.3
W. N. Central ............... 27.2 25.3 24.3 21.5 22.1 24.9 28.2 27.5 25.0 22.2 22.1 24.6 26.5 24.1 22.7 20.9 21.8 26.1 28.5 28.8 24.8 22.6 22.1 26.2 26.8 22.8 23.6 21.6 22.5 25.6 29.3 26.7 24.7 22.9 23.1 26.0
S. Atlantic ..................... 71.5 68.0 65.0 58.5 65.0 73.6 80.4 78.8 70.7 62.3 59.6 62.3 70.0 64.5 60.4 57.3 62.9 72.9 83.7 83.5 73.7 62.8 58.9 65.6 66.0 57.0 61.8 58.7 64.9 71.5 80.6 79.0 68.7 64.9 60.7 66.9
E. S. Central ................ 28.5 27.3 26.4 22.7 23.9 27.3 30.5 30.5 27.3 23.6 21.9 23.3 26.9 25.9 23.5 22.0 23.4 27.2 30.8 31.6 29.0 24.7 22.5 25.0 26.3 22.8 23.4 22.6 24.0 26.4 29.8 29.9 26.2 24.3 22.8 25.4
W. S. Central ................ 49.6 45.0 46.0 42.0 44.1 52.4 60.1 61.2 56.2 49.3 41.6 44.3 48.7 44.4 42.5 41.9 45.1 53.6 61.5 62.2 57.1 50.8 43.8 46.1 48.8 41.5 43.9 42.9 47.9 55.1 60.4 61.1 55.1 51.6 44.2 47.3
Mountain ...................... 22.6 19.3 20.5 20.0 21.2 25.5 27.6 28.2 24.8 22.1 20.5 22.6 22.7 20.4 20.3 19.8 21.5 26.4 29.1 28.0 23.6 21.8 20.0 22.5 22.8 19.7 20.8 20.1 22.2 26.3 29.5 28.3 24.5 21.6 20.1 22.2
AK and HI ..................... 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
Total ........................... 329.7 306.8 305.4 275.5 288.1 326.4 362.9 362.0 333.0 296.1 275.9 297.3 320.9 296.8 285.8 269.5 284.7 329.9 372.2 381.2 336.8 296.7 277.3 310.7 318.2 275.8 291.4 272.8 291.9 328.6 367.6 360.3 321.7 299.5 283.3 312.2
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443807417.xlsx 10/25/2019 07:53:41
Table 7c. U.S. Regional Retail Electricity Prices (Cents per Kilowatthour)
2015 2016 2017
Residential Sector
New England .............. 19.88 20.74 20.71 20.69 20.45 19.74 18.40 18.08 18.60 18.58 18.55 18.80 18.81 19.25 19.23 19.50 19.15 18.85 18.22 18.09 19.01 18.81 18.87 18.40 18.92 19.47 19.01 19.76 19.36 19.20 19.22 19.32 20.00 19.99 19.80 19.18
Middle Atlantic ............. 15.60 15.78 15.62 15.56 15.87 16.45 16.39 16.30 16.19 16.14 16.01 15.62 15.09 15.21 15.27 15.63 15.81 15.87 15.88 15.94 16.20 16.12 15.77 15.26 15.40 15.70 15.41 15.75 16.47 16.44 16.41 16.33 16.39 16.26 15.92 15.39
E. N. Central ............... 12.19 12.29 12.42 13.23 13.31 13.23 13.31 13.27 13.13 13.56 13.37 12.73 12.39 12.59 13.07 13.38 13.70 13.16 13.03 13.06 13.14 13.52 13.43 12.76 12.53 13.12 13.57 13.71 13.96 13.62 13.25 13.45 13.58 13.54 13.57 12.90
W. N. Central .............. 10.06 10.29 10.40 11.47 12.05 12.73 12.65 12.59 12.05 11.65 11.36 10.75 10.34 10.59 11.21 11.59 12.52 12.80 12.85 12.90 12.45 11.82 11.86 10.65 10.50 11.14 11.44 11.98 12.81 13.41 13.44 13.37 12.73 12.03 11.62 11.10
S. Atlantic .................... 11.21 11.41 11.40 11.87 11.79 11.95 12.16 12.00 12.06 11.90 11.73 11.35 11.16 11.24 11.63 11.66 11.56 11.83 11.72 11.83 11.76 11.60 11.57 11.10 11.33 11.82 11.82 11.90 11.89 12.12 12.04 12.10 12.23 12.02 11.70 11.29
E. S. Central ............... 10.29 10.37 10.48 11.28 11.18 11.03 10.82 10.91 11.02 11.15 11.08 10.76 10.31 10.25 10.73 11.00 10.99 10.96 10.88 10.95 10.99 11.24 11.40 11.00 10.87 11.27 11.33 11.44 11.54 11.50 11.33 11.28 11.43 11.37 11.48 10.96
W. S. Central ............... 10.56 10.74 10.71 11.45 11.49 11.18 10.95 10.99 11.09 11.00 10.84 10.48 10.12 10.34 10.70 10.88 10.79 10.57 10.50 10.67 10.88 10.72 10.61 10.35 10.02 10.84 10.76 10.91 10.87 10.90 10.73 10.79 10.95 10.85 10.87 10.38
Mountain ..................... 11.12 11.40 11.43 11.81 12.28 12.38 12.36 12.26 12.26 11.89 11.21 10.93 10.77 11.09 11.26 11.56 11.93 12.01 12.05 12.05 12.17 11.78 11.48 11.08 10.99 11.34 11.46 11.78 12.13 12.30 12.24 12.20 12.34 12.11 11.73 11.54
Pacific ......................... 13.83 13.71 13.77 11.23 14.41 14.74 15.49 15.66 16.08 13.46 14.24 13.96 14.18 14.17 14.22 11.41 14.88 15.51 15.98 16.41 15.92 12.56 14.70 14.18 14.21 14.61 14.92 12.35 15.12 16.32 16.14 16.58 16.78 13.60 14.97 14.45
U.S. Average ............ 12.10 12.29 12.33 12.62 12.93 12.92 12.94 12.91 13.03 12.72 12.71 12.32 11.99 12.14 12.56 12.43 12.79 12.73 12.68 12.88 12.87 12.46 12.75 12.23 12.21 12.79 12.89 12.72 13.07 13.20 13.08 13.15 13.28 12.80 12.94 12.45
Commercial Sector
New England .............. 16.31 17.25 16.90 15.70 15.15 14.97 14.82 14.91 15.03 15.07 14.64 14.89 15.10 15.60 15.33 15.18 14.94 15.16 15.15 15.18 15.47 15.40 14.91 14.69 15.16 15.56 14.98 15.14 14.94 15.61 15.76 15.64 16.01 15.75 15.59 15.55
Middle Atlantic ............. 12.57 13.34 13.53 12.73 12.70 13.91 13.70 13.57 13.62 12.99 12.31 12.22 11.88 11.96 12.02 12.13 12.06 13.01 13.26 13.19 13.25 12.54 12.08 11.90 12.00 11.98 12.17 12.13 12.63 13.41 13.36 13.36 13.27 12.49 12.00 11.72
E. N. Central ............... 9.62 9.84 10.01 9.92 9.97 10.10 10.19 10.09 10.03 9.98 9.93 9.66 9.61 9.81 9.84 9.88 10.04 9.99 9.99 10.01 10.08 10.14 10.14 9.96 9.81 10.10 10.40 10.25 10.44 10.29 10.07 10.22 10.15 10.14 10.15 9.91
W. N. Central .............. 8.52 8.61 8.63 8.96 9.40 10.20 10.20 10.18 9.51 9.12 8.86 8.74 8.79 8.98 9.02 9.16 9.69 10.33 10.30 10.39 9.92 9.29 9.27 8.92 8.88 9.44 9.16 9.49 10.08 10.76 10.81 10.84 10.11 9.56 9.24 8.98
S. Atlantic .................... 9.50 9.77 9.64 9.41 9.40 9.46 9.74 9.48 9.47 9.41 9.30 9.25 9.32 9.45 9.23 9.17 9.20 9.31 9.23 9.22 9.20 9.24 9.23 9.14 9.30 9.46 9.39 9.37 9.32 9.34 9.37 9.41 9.52 9.52 9.36 9.36
E. S. Central ............... 10.05 10.33 10.18 10.28 10.22 10.38 10.30 10.30 10.34 10.18 10.14 10.05 9.97 10.00 10.01 9.99 9.93 10.26 10.23 10.21 10.30 10.39 10.45 10.54 10.51 10.68 10.60 10.51 10.50 10.73 10.62 10.60 10.73 10.50 10.70 10.57
W. S. Central ............... 8.29 8.38 8.39 7.99 8.21 8.29 8.18 8.25 8.22 8.04 7.97 7.88 8.18 8.27 8.28 8.15 8.20 8.27 8.17 8.22 8.33 8.34 8.16 8.22 8.18 8.53 8.33 8.38 8.36 8.53 8.41 8.33 8.34 8.27 8.34 8.12
Mountain ..................... 9.20 9.40 9.42 9.58 9.92 10.18 10.23 10.13 10.09 9.75 9.26 8.99 8.80 9.04 9.03 9.21 9.70 10.06 9.91 9.93 10.01 9.62 9.21 8.97 8.92 9.15 9.20 9.36 9.90 10.19 10.14 9.93 9.83 9.89 9.27 9.11
Pacific ......................... 12.16 12.28 12.34 12.33 13.01 14.46 15.66 15.38 15.71 14.94 13.03 12.23 12.06 12.23 12.35 12.26 12.87 13.97 14.57 14.75 14.68 13.87 12.74 12.24 12.18 12.59 12.78 12.27 13.17 14.84 15.01 15.23 15.59 14.79 13.26 12.55
U.S. Average ............ 10.31 10.62 10.63 10.37 10.47 10.89 11.07 10.94 10.98 10.73 10.30 10.13 10.08 10.25 10.23 10.19 10.31 10.66 10.68 10.76 10.77 10.55 10.32 10.17 10.21 10.48 10.46 10.40 10.59 11.01 10.97 11.01 11.03 10.78 10.49 10.28
Industrial Sector
New England .............. 12.53 13.97 13.55 12.09 11.90 12.03 11.86 12.27 12.21 11.84 12.15 11.98 12.22 12.35 12.27 11.99 11.88 11.97 12.41 12.45 12.33 12.07 12.07 12.31 12.58 12.43 12.43 12.27 12.14 12.51 12.83 12.76 12.66 12.32 12.56 12.89
Middle Atlantic ............. 7.18 7.88 8.11 7.24 7.15 7.20 7.33 7.36 7.35 7.20 6.99 6.85 6.93 7.10 7.06 6.93 6.91 7.20 6.98 7.28 7.14 6.89 7.03 6.88 7.07 6.76 7.01 6.93 6.98 6.95 6.88 6.92 6.90 6.92 6.68 6.79
E. N. Central ............... 6.83 7.01 7.11 6.73 6.76 7.06 7.28 7.21 7.08 6.90 6.88 6.78 6.77 6.78 6.77 6.81 6.89 6.93 7.05 7.08 7.02 7.04 6.97 6.93 7.13 7.06 7.16 7.00 7.11 7.15 7.16 7.08 7.06 7.00 7.04 6.96
W. N. Central .............. 6.41 6.57 6.60 6.57 6.63 7.49 7.81 7.55 7.20 6.67 6.49 6.35 6.60 6.66 6.86 6.57 6.96 7.82 8.05 7.96 7.38 6.88 6.70 6.73 6.72 6.79 6.88 6.89 6.97 7.76 8.15 7.95 7.64 6.84 6.77 6.42
S. Atlantic .................... 6.60 6.73 6.42 6.35 6.50 6.44 7.28 6.91 6.67 6.45 6.20 6.32 6.39 6.21 5.99 6.23 6.23 6.69 7.01 6.73 6.75 6.43 6.26 6.44 6.36 6.38 6.39 6.38 6.32 6.60 6.95 6.73 6.77 6.45 6.33 6.31
E. S. Central ............... 5.66 5.99 5.60 5.58 5.79 6.37 6.56 6.48 6.54 5.83 5.70 5.61 5.52 5.34 5.43 5.53 5.50 6.04 6.19 6.10 6.09 5.97 5.83 6.12 5.81 5.89 5.87 5.81 5.81 6.07 6.21 6.08 6.09 5.82 5.88 5.80
W. S. Central ............... 5.75 5.71 5.67 5.48 5.59 5.64 5.75 5.87 5.70 5.41 5.27 5.21 5.18 5.11 5.20 5.04 5.15 5.32 5.46 5.52 5.61 5.39 5.32 5.42 5.16 5.34 5.38 5.40 5.53 5.61 5.77 5.58 5.60 5.43 5.31 5.21
Mountain ..................... 6.11 6.25 6.36 6.38 6.63 7.07 7.41 7.23 7.08 6.40 5.96 5.82 5.83 5.90 5.91 5.97 6.12 6.81 7.16 7.11 6.92 6.52 5.78 6.04 6.01 6.14 6.25 6.08 6.48 7.17 7.23 7.25 7.05 6.44 6.12 5.98
Pacific ......................... 7.73 7.93 7.90 7.94 8.56 9.77 10.43 10.11 10.22 10.06 8.99 7.92 7.70 7.75 7.93 8.06 8.57 9.91 10.31 10.39 10.28 8.29 8.93 8.14 7.92 8.03 8.20 7.68 8.93 10.72 10.37 10.60 10.53 10.51 9.49 8.32
U.S. Average ............ 6.67 6.88 6.83 6.61 6.74 7.11 7.45 7.35 7.21 6.88 6.61 6.45 6.44 6.42 6.46 6.44 6.57 7.03 7.23 7.23 7.14 6.73 6.66 6.67 6.59 6.63 6.71 6.60 6.78 7.19 7.31 7.22 7.17 6.91 6.73 6.54
All Sectors (a)
New England .............. 17.34 18.31 18.00 17.00 16.42 16.17 15.77 15.79 15.99 15.70 15.61 15.96 16.23 16.61 16.36 16.26 15.88 15.98 15.99 16.03 16.42 16.03 15.87 15.85 16.41 16.70 16.19 16.47 16.07 16.48 16.75 16.68 16.96 16.67 16.70 16.74
Middle Atlantic ............. 12.82 13.28 13.25 12.50 12.61 13.35 13.51 13.52 13.36 12.73 12.35 12.36 12.16 12.23 12.13 12.15 12.13 12.84 13.18 13.31 13.21 12.48 12.23 12.16 12.39 12.24 12.29 12.14 12.58 13.16 13.35 13.22 13.05 12.50 12.12 12.14
E. N. Central ............... 9.69 9.81 9.81 9.64 9.69 9.98 10.34 10.24 9.98 9.78 9.85 9.71 9.72 9.72 9.70 9.74 9.89 10.02 10.18 10.23 10.03 9.94 9.96 9.99 9.94 10.01 10.23 10.00 10.17 10.30 10.29 10.22 10.12 9.94 10.12 10.06
W. N. Central .............. 8.56 8.67 8.63 8.88 9.23 10.21 10.43 10.23 9.65 9.03 8.83 8.78 8.83 8.89 9.07 9.04 9.60 10.48 10.64 10.62 9.98 9.25 9.19 8.98 8.95 9.22 9.18 9.35 9.81 10.72 11.01 10.79 10.16 9.38 9.18 9.02
S. Atlantic .................... 9.87 10.04 9.91 9.75 9.79 10.05 10.51 10.22 10.12 9.82 9.65 9.61 9.72 9.74 9.63 9.53 9.57 10.01 10.10 10.08 9.98 9.68 9.60 9.58 9.76 9.89 9.83 9.79 9.80 10.11 10.26 10.22 10.24 9.99 9.74 9.72
E. S. Central ............... 8.82 9.07 8.81 8.83 8.90 9.31 9.41 9.42 9.39 8.92 8.84 8.80 8.77 8.67 8.68 8.66 8.66 9.20 9.36 9.35 9.36 9.18 9.08 9.28 9.16 9.24 9.13 9.08 9.12 9.47 9.58 9.48 9.48 9.18 9.23 9.18
W. S. Central ............... 8.49 8.48 8.43 8.18 8.38 8.57 8.67 8.78 8.63 8.21 7.89 7.88 7.98 8.00 7.98 7.86 8.01 8.27 8.45 8.54 8.59 8.26 7.96 8.06 7.91 8.17 8.04 8.10 8.21 8.51 8.61 8.55 8.52 8.26 8.04 7.90
Mountain ..................... 8.97 9.04 9.09 9.18 9.54 10.05 10.26 10.13 9.98 9.37 8.76 8.76 8.68 8.74 8.74 8.85 9.25 9.87 10.01 9.99 9.85 9.31 8.83 8.88 8.88 8.96 9.00 9.07 9.56 10.13 10.22 10.08 9.91 9.54 9.06 9.05
Pacific ......................... 11.89 11.81 11.80 10.86 12.31 13.39 14.38 14.22 14.58 13.29 12.51 12.03 12.08 12.00 11.99 10.96 12.45 13.50 14.07 14.38 14.06 12.12 12.52 12.19 12.25 12.42 12.60 11.21 12.85 14.37 14.41 14.71 14.90 13.38 13.04 12.45
U.S. Average ............ 10.18 10.36 10.29 10.01 10.21 10.64 10.95 10.85 10.79 10.31 10.05 9.98 9.97 10.00 10.00 9.83 10.06 10.52 10.70 10.81 10.68 10.15 10.10 10.09 10.13 10.28 10.28 10.07 10.34 10.83 10.95 10.91 10.86 10.40 10.28 10.17
29
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Table 7d part 1. U.S. Regional Electricity Generation, Electric Power Sector (billion kilowatthours), continues on Table 7d part 2
2015
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
United States
Natural Gas ......................................... 93.4 84.2 92.1 85.8 94.1 113.4 132.3 130.3 114.8 102.0 94.1 101.0
Coal ..................................................... 131.4 126.0 107.5 88.1 103.7 124.7 138.1 133.7 117.0 95.9 86.4 88.6
Nuclear ................................................ 74.3 63.5 64.5 59.8 65.8 68.5 71.4 72.4 66.5 60.6 60.3 69.6
Renewable Energy Sources: ............... 44.4 42.3 45.5 46.2 43.6 40.2 41.5 39.1 36.0 38.6 44.6 48.9
Conventional Hydropower ................ 24.0 22.2 24.1 22.3 20.0 20.3 20.9 19.0 16.0 16.5 19.2 23.0
Wind 15.1 14.9 15.3 17.9 17.1 13.4 13.7 13.1 14.0 16.4 19.7 20.1
Solar (a) ........................................... 1.1 1.5 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.5
Biomass ............................................ 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.6 2.7 3.0 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.9
Geothermal ....................................... 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4
Pumped Storage Hydropower ............. -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3
Petroleum (b) ...................................... 2.8 6.1 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.7 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.6
Other Gases ........................................ 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3
Other Nonrenewable Fuels (c) ............. 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7
Total Generation .................................. 346.8 322.5 311.7 282.2 309.6 349.1 385.9 377.9 336.6 299.2 287.6 310.4
New England (ISO-NE)
Natural Gas ......................................... 3.4 2.6 3.4 3.6 4.6 4.6 6.2 6.5 4.9 4.6 3.8 3.8
Coal ..................................................... 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2
Nuclear ................................................ 2.9 2.5 3.0 2.6 2.6 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.8 1.5 2.2 3.0
Conventional hydropower .................... 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.7
Nonhydro renewables (d) ................... 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8
Other energy sources (e) .................... 0.3 1.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Total generation ................................... 9.2 9.0 8.4 7.8 8.6 9.1 10.8 10.7 8.9 7.5 7.6 8.5
Net energy for load (f) ......................... 11.4 10.8 10.5 8.9 9.4 9.9 11.8 11.9 10.5 9.3 9.1 9.7
New York (NYISO)
Natural Gas ......................................... 4.6 3.9 5.4 3.9 5.2 5.1 6.8 6.8 6.3 5.1 4.1 4.1
Coal ..................................................... 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Nuclear ................................................ 4.0 3.5 3.1 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.5 3.8 3.8 3.9
Mid-Atlantic (PJM)
Natural Gas ......................................... 13.6 12.3 14.2 11.9 14.0 16.5 19.8 18.5 16.6 13.8 14.2 15.6
Coal ..................................................... 33.3 33.8 26.5 18.7 21.9 24.6 27.9 27.5 24.8 18.3 17.9 16.9
Nuclear ................................................ 25.9 22.0 22.3 20.3 22.6 23.8 24.1 24.9 23.4 22.7 21.8 24.4
Southeast (SERC)
Natural Gas ......................................... 17.5 17.1 15.8 14.0 16.8 19.7 21.3 20.0 18.0 16.6 17.2 17.9
Coal ..................................................... 21.6 23.4 17.5 14.3 19.5 24.7 26.8 25.1 20.0 13.6 12.0 11.7
Nuclear ................................................ 18.3 15.5 15.2 15.1 16.6 17.0 17.6 17.6 16.0 15.5 15.0 16.7
Other energy sources (e) .................... 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0
Florida (FRCC)
Natural Gas ......................................... 10.7 9.7 11.5 12.8 13.1 13.6 14.3 14.5 13.7 12.7 11.8 11.7
Coal ..................................................... 2.8 3.0 2.8 3.2 3.6 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.7 3.3 2.9 2.7
Nuclear ................................................ 2.7 2.4 2.4 1.7 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.6
Data reflect generation supplied by power plants with a combined capacity of at least 1 megawatt operated by electric utilities and independent power producers.
(a) Solar generation from large-scale power plants with more than 1 megawatt of capacity. Excludes generation from small-scale solar photovoltaic systems.
(b) Residual fuel oil, distillate fuel oil, petroleum coke, and other petroleum liquids.
(c) Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, nonrenewable waste, and miscellaneous technologies.
(d) Wind, large-scale solar, biomass, and geothermal
(e) Pumped storage hydroelectric, petroleum, other gases, batteries, and other nonrenewable fuels. See notes (b) and (c).
(f) Regional generation from generating units operated by electric power sector, plus energy receipts from minus energy deliveries to U.S. balancing authorities outside reg
Table 7d part 2. U.S. Regional Electricity Generation, Electric Power Sector (billion kilowatthours), continued from Table 7d part
2015
Midwest (Midcontinent ISO)
Natural Gas ........................................ 34.0 10.9 10.5 9.2 9.6 11.8 14.0 12.7 11.0 9.7 9.9 12.1
Coal .................................................... 82.5 32.4 28.5 23.6 26.5 31.3 35.5 34.0 30.0 26.3 24.5 25.2
Nuclear ............................................... 26.4 7.5 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 9.5 9.5 8.2 6.9 6.8 8.8
Conventional hydropower .................. 2.7 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.0
Nonhydro renewables (d) ................. 18.1 4.2 4.7 4.7 4.4 2.8 2.6 3.0 3.6 4.9 5.4 4.9
Other energy sources (e) .................. 2.0 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.6
Total generation .................................. 165.8 56.4 53.3 47.4 50.7 56.3 63.3 60.8 54.2 48.9 47.9 52.6
Net energy for load (f) ....................... 162.0 54.1 51.4 46.1 50.4 55.6 62.5 60.3 54.9 49.1 47.4 50.9
Central (Southwest Power Pool)
Natural Gas ........................................ 11.9 4.1 4.3 3.6 3.5 4.7 6.6 6.1 4.5 3.5 4.0 4.5
Coal .................................................... 27.9 11.5 11.0 9.5 9.9 12.7 14.2 13.8 12.1 10.1 8.2 9.5
Nuclear ............................................... 4.2 1.7 1.0 0.7 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.9
Texas (ERCOT)
Natural Gas ........................................ 33.6 11.8 13.4 12.3 12.8 15.3 18.4 19.1 15.5 13.5 10.9 12.2
Coal .................................................... 18.6 7.0 5.6 5.7 7.5 10.3 10.8 10.8 9.8 8.2 6.3 5.9
Nuclear ............................................... 10.8 3.4 3.7 2.7 3.4 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.6 2.4 2.3 3.0
Northwest
Natural Gas ........................................ 17.4 3.8 4.7 5.2 5.5 7.7 8.4 8.5 8.0 7.4 7.4 7.7
Coal .................................................... 25.2 8.9 9.4 8.5 8.7 10.6 11.6 11.9 10.4 9.8 9.5 10.9
Nuclear ............................................... 2.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9
Southwest
Natural Gas ........................................ 6.1 1.6 1.8 2.3 2.5 4.8 5.5 6.1 5.1 4.2 2.8 2.9
Coal .................................................... 9.3 3.5 4.1 4.0 4.9 5.0 5.6 5.3 4.8 4.7 4.2 4.4
Nuclear ............................................... 8.5 2.7 3.0 2.0 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.2 2.3 3.0
California
Natural Gas ........................................ 17.1 6.0 7.0 6.7 6.2 9.4 10.7 11.3 11.3 10.8 7.7 8.4
Coal .................................................... 1.9 0.9 1.0 0.5 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.6 1.0
Nuclear ............................................... 3.7 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.5 0.9 1.4 1.6
Other energy sources (e) .................. 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Data reflect generation supplied by power plants with a combined capacity of at least 1 megawatt operated by electric utilities and independent power producer
(a) Large-scale solar generation from power plants with more than 1 megawatt of capacity. Excludes generation from small-scale solar photovoltaic systems.
(b) Residual fuel oil, distillate fuel oil, petroleum coke, and other petroleum liquids.
(c) Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, nonrenewable waste, and miscellaneous technologies.
(d) Wind, large-scale solar, biomass, and geothermal
(e) Pumped storage hydroelectric, petroleum, other gases, batteries, and other nonrenewable fuels. See notes (b) and (c).
Table 8. U.S. Renewable Energy Consumption (Quadrillion Btu)
2015
Electric Power Sector
Geothermal ............................................ 0.013 0.012 0.013 0.012 0.013 0.012 0.013 0.013 0.011 0.012 0.012 0.013
Hydroelectric Power (a) .......................... 0.224 0.207 0.225 0.208 0.186 0.189 0.195 0.177 0.149 0.154 0.179 0.214
Solar (b) .................................................. 0.011 0.014 0.019 0.022 0.023 0.023 0.024 0.025 0.020 0.017 0.016 0.014
Waste Biomass (c) .................................. 0.023 0.020 0.022 0.022 0.023 0.023 0.026 0.025 0.023 0.024 0.025 0.025
Wood Biomass ....................................... 0.022 0.021 0.021 0.018 0.018 0.021 0.022 0.023 0.020 0.017 0.019 0.021
Wind ....................................................... 0.141 0.139 0.143 0.166 0.160 0.125 0.127 0.122 0.130 0.152 0.183 0.187
Subtotal ............................................... 0.433 0.412 0.443 0.448 0.423 0.393 0.407 0.384 0.354 0.378 0.434 0.476
Industrial Sector
Biofuel Losses and Co-products (d) ......... 0.065 0.059 0.065 0.061 0.065 0.065 0.067 0.066 0.063 0.066 0.065 0.068
Geothermal ............................................ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Solar (b) ................................................... 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001
Waste Biomass (c) .................................. 0.017 0.015 0.017 0.016 0.015 0.015 0.016 0.015 0.015 0.017 0.016 0.017
Wood Biomass ....................................... 0.130 0.116 0.122 0.121 0.125 0.121 0.126 0.127 0.121 0.120 0.121 0.126
Subtotal ............................................... 0.215 0.192 0.206 0.201 0.208 0.204 0.212 0.210 0.201 0.206 0.206 0.215
Commercial Sector
Geothermal ............................................ 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002
Solar (b) ................................................. 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.005 0.005 0.004 0.003
Waste Biomass (c) .................................. 0.004 0.003 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004
Wood Biomass ....................................... 0.007 0.006 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.006 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.006 0.007
Subtotal ............................................... 0.018 0.017 0.019 0.019 0.020 0.020 0.021 0.021 0.020 0.019 0.018 0.018
Residential Sector
Geothermal ............................................ 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003
Solar (e) ................................................... 0.006 0.007 0.010 0.011 0.012 0.013 0.014 0.013 0.012 0.011 0.009 0.008
Wood Biomass ....................................... 0.044 0.039 0.044 0.042 0.044 0.042 0.044 0.044 0.042 0.044 0.042 0.044
Subtotal ............................................... 0.053 0.049 0.057 0.057 0.059 0.058 0.060 0.060 0.058 0.058 0.055 0.055
Transportation Sector
Biomass-based Diesel (f) ......................... 0.007 0.013 0.015 0.017 0.019 0.023 0.021 0.022 0.022 0.020 0.017 0.020
Ethanol (f) ................................................ 0.087 0.082 0.092 0.088 0.096 0.094 0.097 0.097 0.093 0.094 0.092 0.092
Subtotal ............................................... 0.094 0.095 0.107 0.105 0.116 0.117 0.118 0.119 0.115 0.114 0.109 0.112
All Sectors Total
Biomass-based Diesel (f) ......................... 0.007 0.013 0.015 0.017 0.019 0.023 0.021 0.022 0.022 0.020 0.017 0.020
Biofuel Losses and Co-products (d) ......... 0.065 0.059 0.065 0.061 0.065 0.065 0.067 0.066 0.063 0.066 0.065 0.068
Ethanol (f) ................................................ 0.091 0.086 0.095 0.091 0.100 0.098 0.100 0.101 0.097 0.098 0.095 0.096
Geothermal ............................................ 0.018 0.017 0.018 0.017 0.018 0.017 0.018 0.018 0.016 0.018 0.018 0.018
Solar (b)(e) ............................................. 0.021 0.025 0.035 0.040 0.043 0.043 0.045 0.045 0.039 0.034 0.030 0.027
Waste Biomass (c) .................................. 0.043 0.038 0.043 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.046 0.044 0.042 0.045 0.045 0.047
Wood Biomass ....................................... 0.202 0.183 0.193 0.188 0.193 0.190 0.199 0.200 0.190 0.188 0.189 0.197
Wind ....................................................... 0.141 0.139 0.143 0.166 0.160 0.125 0.127 0.122 0.130 0.152 0.183 0.187
Total Consumption ................................... 0.813 0.766 0.832 0.830 0.827 0.792 0.818 0.794 0.748 0.774 0.822 0.876
- = no data available
(a) Conventional hydroelectric power only. Hydroelectricity generated by pumped storage is not included in renewable energy.
(b) Solar consumption in the electric power, commercial, and industrial sectors includes energy produced from large scale (>1 MW) solar thermal and photovoltaic generators
(c) Municipal solid waste from biogenic sources, landfill gas, sludge waste, agricultural byproducts, and other biomass.
(d) Losses and co-products from the production of fuel ethanol and biomass-based diesel
(e) Solar consumption in the residential sector includes energy from small-scale (<1 MW) solar photovoltaic systems. Also includes solar heating consumption in all sectors.
(f) Fuel ethanol and biomass-based diesel consumption in the transportation sector includes production, stock change, and imports less exports. Some biomass-based diese
the residential
Notes: sector in heating
The approximate oil.
break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.
Historical data: Latest data available from EIA databases supporting the following reports: Electric Power Monthly, DOE/EIA-0226 and Renewable Energy Annual, DOE/EIA
Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding.
Projections: EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.
Table 8b. U.S. Renewable Electricity Generation and Capacity
Table of Contents
2015
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug
Renewable Energy Electric Generating Capacity (megawatts, end of period)
Electric Power Sector (a)
BMEPCAP_US Biomass .......................................... 7,299 7,306 7,310 7,308 7,308 7,308 7,333 7,333
OWEPCAP_US Waste ........................................... 4,141 4,147 4,152 4,149 4,149 4,149 4,174 4,174
WWEPCAP_US Wood ............................................ 3,158 3,158 3,158 3,158 3,158 3,158 3,158 3,158
HVEPCAP_US Conventional Hydroelectric ............. 79,343 79,343 79,343 79,343 79,346 79,466 79,466 79,363
GEEPCAP_US Geothermal ..................................... 2,494 2,524 2,524 2,524 2,524 2,524 2,524 2,524
SOEPCAPX_US Large-Scale Solar (b) ..................... 10,325 10,478 10,524 10,590 10,784 11,055 11,131 11,361
WNEPCAPX_US Wind ................................................ 65,130 65,130 65,228 66,254 66,534 66,799 67,101 68,695
Other Sectors (c)
BMCHCAP_US Biomass .......................................... 6,807 6,807 6,807 6,830 6,830 6,830 6,830 6,857
OWCHCAP_US Waste ........................................... 952 952 952 946 946 945 945 944
WWCHCAP_US Wood ............................................ 5,854 5,854 5,854 5,885 5,885 5,885 5,885 5,912
HVCHCAP_US Conventional Hydroelectric ............. 301 301 301 301 301 301 301 301
SOCHCAP_US Large-Scale Solar (b) ..................... 240 240 256 256 276 276 276 276
SODTC_US Small-Scale Solar (d) ...................... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
SODRC_US Residential Sector ........................ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
SODCC_US Commercial Sector ...................... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
SODIC_US Industrial Sector ........................... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
WNCHCAP_US Wind ................................................ 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80
Renewable Electricity Generation (billion kilowatthours)

Electric Power Sector (a)
BMEPGEN_US Biomass .......................................... 2.72 2.49 2.62 2.43 2.58 2.72 3.00 3.00
OWEPGEN_US Waste ........................................... 1.41 1.26 1.39 1.40 1.48 1.47 1.64 1.59
WWEPGEN_US Wood ............................................ 1.31 1.23 1.23 1.02 1.09 1.24 1.37 1.41
HVEPGEN_US Conventional Hydroelectric ............. 24.01 22.18 24.15 22.33 20.00 20.30 20.90 19.03
GEEPGEN_US Geothermal ................................... 1.36 1.26 1.39 1.27 1.39 1.30 1.36 1.34
SOEPGEN_US Large-Scale Solar (b) ..................... 1.13 1.46 2.04 2.34 2.46 2.51 2.58 2.64
WNEPGEN_US Wind ............................................... 15.15 14.91 15.29 17.85 17.14 13.41 13.67 13.07
Other Sectors (c)
BMCHGEN_US Biomass .......................................... 2.72 2.40 2.55 2.55 2.56 2.56 2.79 2.71
OWCHGEN_US Waste ........................................... 0.31 0.26 0.32 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.35 0.33
WWCHGEN_US Wood ............................................ 2.41 2.14 2.23 2.22 2.24 2.25 2.44 2.38
HVCHGEN_US Conventional Hydroelectric ............. 0.12 0.11 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.09
SOCHGEN_US Large-Scale Solar (b) ..................... 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
SODTP_US Small-Scale Solar (d) ...................... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
SODRP_US Residential Sector ....................... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
SODCP_US Commercial Sector ..................... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
SODIP_US Industrial Sector .......................... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
WNCHGEN_US Wind ............................................... 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
-- = no data available ............................
Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts
(a) Power plants larger than or equal to one megawatt in size that are operated by electric utilities or independent power producers.
(b) Solar thermal
(c) Businesses orand photovoltaic
individual households generating units at engaged
not primarily power plants largerpower
in electric than orproduction
equal to 1for
megawatt.
sale to the public, whose generating capacity
one megawatt (except for small-scale solar photovoltaic data, which consists of systems smaller than 1 megawatt).
(d) Solar photovoltaic systems smaller than one megawatt.
Historical data: Latest data available from EIA databases supporting the Electric Power Monthly, DOE/EIA-0226.
Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding.
Projections: EIA-860M database, EIA-826 Solar PV database, and EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.
2016
Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct
7,292 7,292 7,239 7,231 7,345 7,345 7,343 7,367 7,368 7,376 7,377 7,365 7,369 7,380
4,176 4,176 4,173 4,165 4,127 4,127 4,126 4,150 4,150 4,158 4,160 4,165 4,169 4,174
3,115 3,115 3,065 3,065 3,218 3,218 3,218 3,218 3,218 3,218 3,218 3,200 3,200 3,207
79,364 79,364 79,364 79,386 79,376 79,433 79,462 79,499 79,499 79,529 79,654 79,550 79,550 79,556
2,540 2,542 2,542 2,542 2,517 2,517 2,517 2,517 2,517 2,517 2,517 2,517 2,517 2,517
11,465 11,572 12,004 13,374 13,920 14,065 14,272 14,746 14,867 15,081 15,806 16,740 17,507 17,919
69,003 69,888 70,128 72,486 72,973 72,973 73,331 73,494 73,768 74,188 74,630 74,633 74,756 75,389
6,859 6,876 6,872 6,851 6,728 6,726 6,717 6,714 6,714 6,714 6,713 6,712 6,712 6,712
947 947 947 947 945 945 944 944 944 943 943 942 942 942
5,912 5,929 5,925 5,904 5,783 5,781 5,774 5,771 5,771 5,771 5,771 5,771 5,771 5,771
301 301 301 301 355 355 355 355 356 356 356 356 357 357
277 277 277 294 309 309 309 311 312 314 314 316 316 316
-- -- -- -- 9,866 10,123 10,440 10,688 10,928 11,185 11,385 11,671 11,913 12,156
-- -- -- -- 5,428 5,627 5,853 6,051 6,239 6,432 6,593 6,786 6,958 7,147
-- -- -- -- 3,420 3,458 3,522 3,553 3,589 3,640 3,661 3,734 3,794 3,838
-- -- -- -- 1,017 1,038 1,066 1,084 1,100 1,113 1,132 1,151 1,161 1,172
80 80 80 87 89 89 89 89 89 89 89 89 89 89
2.68 2.56 2.72 2.87 2.69 2.61 2.63 2.38 2.53 2.61 2.78 2.87 2.64 2.36
1.48 1.51 1.56 1.62 1.49 1.42 1.49 1.50 1.59 1.52 1.53 1.56 1.47 1.41
1.20 1.05 1.16 1.25 1.20 1.18 1.13 0.88 0.95 1.09 1.24 1.31 1.17 0.95
16.02 16.51 19.20 23.02 25.46 24.01 27.23 25.73 25.36 23.13 21.34 19.46 16.28 17.23
1.20 1.32 1.33 1.38 1.33 1.24 1.32 1.21 1.34 1.25 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.35
2.18 1.88 1.70 1.55 1.46 2.20 2.57 2.83 3.38 3.42 3.89 3.91 3.58 3.15
13.96 16.36 19.66 20.08 18.45 20.12 21.92 20.78 18.83 16.29 17.61 13.58 16.39 20.32
2.57 2.54 2.60 2.68 2.70 2.51 2.59 2.39 2.56 2.60 2.72 2.71 2.52 2.51
0.32 0.33 0.34 0.35 0.30 0.28 0.32 0.31 0.32 0.28 0.31 0.30 0.28 0.29
2.25 2.21 2.26 2.33 2.40 2.22 2.27 2.08 2.24 2.32 2.42 2.41 2.24 2.22
0.08 0.12 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.13 0.16 0.14 0.13 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.09 0.11
0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.04
-- -- -- -- 0.98 1.14 1.53 1.70 1.88 1.93 2.00 1.94 1.74 1.55
-- -- -- -- 0.52 0.62 0.83 0.95 1.06 1.10 1.15 1.11 0.99 0.88
-- -- -- -- 0.35 0.40 0.52 0.57 0.62 0.62 0.64 0.62 0.56 0.49
-- -- -- -- 0.11 0.12 0.17 0.19 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.19 0.17
0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02
in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

endent power producers.
ublic, whose generating capacity is at least
megawatt).
2017
Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
7,400 7,356 7,227 7,225 7,233 7,255 7,254 7,269 7,326 7,326 7,326 7,326 7,326 7,313
4,193 4,190 4,195 4,194 4,202 4,224 4,223 4,238 4,241 4,241 4,241 4,241 4,241 4,234
3,207 3,166 3,031 3,031 3,031 3,031 3,031 3,031 3,085 3,085 3,085 3,085 3,085 3,079
79,556 79,556 79,334 79,334 79,336 79,336 79,336 79,343 79,394 79,437 79,437 79,437 79,434 79,432
2,517 2,517 2,509 2,509 2,449 2,449 2,449 2,449 2,449 2,449 2,449 2,449 2,449 2,486
18,634 21,631 22,018 22,206 22,591 23,114 23,415 23,624 23,737 23,928 24,134 24,467 25,020 26,432
76,266 81,198 81,592 81,841 82,919 83,070 83,223 83,378 83,860 83,860 84,109 84,358 85,322 87,488
6,712 6,657 6,648 6,645 6,686 6,686 6,686 6,690 6,690 6,689 6,688 6,688 6,688 6,657
942 887 883 881 881 881 881 885 885 884 883 883 883 872
5,771 5,771 5,765 5,765 5,805 5,805 5,805 5,805 5,805 5,805 5,805 5,805 5,805 5,785
357 357 357 357 357 357 357 357 357 357 357 357 357 357
316 320 322 322 322 322 326 340 340 340 340 340 344 349
12,446 12,765 12,970 13,272 13,559 13,815 14,115 14,402 14,671 15,019 15,216 15,457 15,720 16,148
7,333 7,527 7,755 7,946 8,115 8,269 8,453 8,618 8,778 8,961 9,113 9,265 9,430 9,627
3,931 4,023 4,072 4,111 4,204 4,294 4,382 4,482 4,565 4,711 4,738 4,827 4,925 5,156
1,183 1,215 1,144 1,215 1,240 1,252 1,280 1,302 1,327 1,346 1,365 1,365 1,365 1,365
89 89 93 93 94 94 94 93 93 93 93 97 97 97
2.64 2.86 2.84 2.48 2.76 2.44 2.53 2.61 2.75 2.78 2.51 2.52 2.66 2.85
1.58 1.63 1.65 1.42 1.54 1.46 1.55 1.52 1.51 1.51 1.42 1.44 1.50 1.56
1.07 1.23 1.19 1.06 1.22 0.97 0.98 1.09 1.24 1.27 1.09 1.08 1.16 1.29
18.72 22.39 26.64 23.51 29.13 29.22 32.21 30.08 26.36 21.74 18.98 18.17 20.42 22.25
1.36 1.45 1.38 1.24 1.38 1.34 1.28 1.21 1.36 1.35 1.30 1.23 1.29 1.57
2.73 2.39 2.01 2.53 4.20 4.65 5.61 6.11 5.69 5.37 5.06 4.77 3.37 3.36
19.39 23.12 19.82 21.18 24.97 24.59 22.43 19.79 15.95 13.61 17.84 25.28 24.06 24.55
2.64 2.70 2.62 2.40 2.55 2.46 2.52 2.63 2.76 2.78 2.48 2.50 2.57 2.77
0.31 0.32 0.30 0.27 0.31 0.29 0.31 0.28 0.30 0.30 0.27 0.28 0.30 0.31
2.32 2.38 2.32 2.13 2.24 2.17 2.21 2.35 2.46 2.48 2.21 2.22 2.27 2.45
0.09 0.14 0.15 0.13 0.15 0.17 0.18 0.14 0.13 0.11 0.09 0.11 0.14 0.12
0.04 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03
1.26 1.17 1.25 1.38 1.97 2.20 2.42 2.49 2.55 2.48 2.23 1.99 1.56 1.47
0.73 0.65 0.70 0.79 1.15 1.28 1.41 1.47 1.49 1.45 1.29 1.16 0.90 0.84
0.39 0.39 0.42 0.46 0.63 0.70 0.77 0.78 0.81 0.79 0.71 0.63 0.50 0.49
0.14 0.13 0.12 0.14 0.20 0.21 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.25 0.22 0.20 0.16 0.14
0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
2018
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb
7,271 7,248 7,248 7,248 7,246 7,221 7,214 7,192 7,192 7,191 7,133 7,133 7,086 7,086
4,232 4,210 4,210 4,210 4,208 4,182 4,175 4,171 4,171 4,170 4,168 4,168 4,168 4,168
3,039 3,039 3,039 3,039 3,039 3,039 3,039 3,020 3,020 3,020 2,965 2,965 2,918 2,918
79,494 79,506 79,506 79,506 79,467 79,467 79,465 79,465 79,465 79,465 79,587 79,583 79,578 79,500
2,404 2,404 2,392 2,392 2,392 2,392 2,392 2,392 2,392 2,392 2,392 2,395 2,391 2,391
27,373 27,472 27,997 28,265 28,692 28,854 28,993 29,072 29,385 29,554 30,085 31,510 32,166 32,365
88,419 88,643 88,643 88,943 88,943 89,092 89,249 89,331 89,801 90,139 90,390 94,273 95,196 95,662
6,715 6,715 6,682 6,688 6,687 6,676 6,668 6,664 6,664 6,664 6,664 6,663 6,663 6,663
850 850 850 850 850 849 849 845 845 845 845 845 845 845
5,865 5,865 5,832 5,838 5,837 5,827 5,819 5,819 5,819 5,819 5,819 5,819 5,819 5,819
284 284 284 284 284 284 284 284 284 284 284 284 290 290
358 358 358 357 362 365 365 370 372 372 372 378 378 380
16,496 16,758 17,048 17,306 17,601 17,887 18,146 18,426 18,712 19,000 19,278 19,521 19,959 20,126
9,818 9,985 10,155 10,314 10,492 10,660 10,829 11,011 11,179 11,373 11,552 11,664 11,998 12,166
5,312 5,398 5,501 5,580 5,676 5,778 5,859 5,945 6,026 6,105 6,176 6,286 6,380 6,370
1,366 1,374 1,391 1,412 1,432 1,449 1,458 1,470 1,507 1,522 1,550 1,571 1,581 1,590
114 114 115 115 112 112 115 115 118 118 118 118 118 118
2.88 2.66 2.75 2.36 2.60 2.73 2.75 2.70 2.44 2.52 2.49 2.56 2.70 2.40
1.57 1.50 1.58 1.49 1.47 1.53 1.53 1.53 1.39 1.49 1.48 1.54 1.47 1.32
1.32 1.15 1.17 0.87 1.13 1.21 1.22 1.17 1.05 1.03 1.00 1.02 1.22 1.07
25.46 25.40 25.81 27.35 30.28 27.82 23.88 21.28 18.55 18.65 22.03 23.58 24.43 21.93
1.41 1.33 1.41 1.25 1.43 1.37 1.44 1.43 1.39 1.35 1.40 1.50 1.41 1.30
3.37 4.07 5.15 6.18 7.00 7.71 6.86 6.90 6.39 5.17 3.92 3.16 3.62 3.87
26.83 24.07 27.25 26.75 23.58 24.35 16.00 19.51 17.96 21.12 22.43 24.80 25.14 23.02
2.73 2.48 2.65 2.50 2.70 2.63 2.74 2.67 2.48 2.52 2.55 2.68 2.59 2.34
0.29 0.26 0.29 0.27 0.27 0.26 0.27 0.27 0.24 0.28 0.27 0.28 0.28 0.25
2.44 2.22 2.36 2.22 2.42 2.37 2.47 2.40 2.24 2.24 2.28 2.39 2.30 2.09
0.13 0.13 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.14 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.12 0.10
0.03 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04
1.61 1.76 2.43 2.74 3.01 3.06 3.15 3.02 2.68 2.40 1.91 1.77 1.94 2.09
0.92 1.01 1.39 1.60 1.76 1.79 1.84 1.76 1.54 1.39 1.11 1.02 1.12 1.22
0.55 0.60 0.81 0.90 0.99 1.00 1.03 0.99 0.89 0.79 0.62 0.59 0.65 0.69
0.15 0.15 0.22 0.24 0.27 0.27 0.28 0.27 0.25 0.22 0.18 0.16 0.17 0.18
0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
2019
Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr
6,968 6,968 6,952 6,934 6,937 7,052 6,949 6,949 6,950 6,978 6,978 6,978 6,978 6,976
4,133 4,133 4,132 4,114 4,117 4,115 4,102 4,102 4,104 4,131 4,131 4,131 4,131 4,129
2,835 2,835 2,820 2,820 2,820 2,936 2,847 2,847 2,847 2,847 2,847 2,847 2,847 2,847
79,471 79,606 79,577 79,587 79,586 79,483 79,434 79,477 79,490 79,411 79,395 79,440 79,568 79,570
2,391 2,348 2,399 2,399 2,399 2,399 2,399 2,399 2,399 2,399 2,399 2,399 2,399 2,399
32,581 32,668 32,730 33,039 33,270 33,714 34,494 34,873 35,199 37,320 38,401 38,437 38,919 39,434
96,442 96,520 96,749 97,993 98,269 99,043 100,130 100,406 100,823 106,241 107,003 107,322 107,845 108,404
6,596 6,583 6,585 6,545 6,545 6,545 6,553 6,567 6,567 6,537 6,575 6,575 6,575 6,575
845 845 846 846 846 846 846 860 860 862 862 862 862 862
5,751 5,739 5,739 5,699 5,699 5,699 5,707 5,707 5,707 5,675 5,713 5,713 5,713 5,713
290 290 290 290 290 290 290 290 290 290 290 290 290 290
381 383 383 387 387 397 397 401 401 403 403 403 403 403
20,585 20,885 21,019 21,286 21,634 21,976 22,356 22,727 23,118 23,513 23,923 24,337 24,760 25,189
12,440 12,615 12,687 12,865 13,129 13,343 13,593 13,832 14,089 14,348 14,621 14,894 15,175 15,459
6,533 6,627 6,662 6,707 6,804 6,912 7,021 7,131 7,244 7,358 7,475 7,593 7,713 7,835
1,612 1,642 1,669 1,714 1,700 1,721 1,742 1,763 1,785 1,806 1,828 1,850 1,872 1,894
118 118 118 118 118 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 127
2.41 2.21 2.59 2.50 2.66 2.10 2.10 2.40 1.76 1.89 2.44 2.21 2.21 2.13
1.43 1.34 1.46 1.45 1.49 1.36 1.30 1.45 1.24 1.36 1.39 1.26 1.37 1.31
0.98 0.86 1.14 1.05 1.17 0.74 0.80 0.95 0.53 0.53 1.05 0.95 0.83 0.82
25.29 25.32 29.94 26.23 22.81 20.91 20.93 20.72 20.79 22.86 25.79 25.80 24.27 24.75
1.44 1.29 1.34 1.37 1.43 1.37 1.30 1.39 1.55 1.53 1.44 1.36 1.46 1.25
5.96 6.89 7.23 8.14 8.18 7.58 7.07 5.99 4.66 3.78 4.41 4.96 7.08 7.97
26.01 30.18 26.45 23.37 22.45 21.15 20.81 24.00 26.15 27.45 28.64 27.80 28.98 35.91
2.54 2.37 2.40 2.48 2.61 2.67 2.48 2.52 2.55 2.68 2.59 2.42 2.54 2.37
0.28 0.25 0.22 0.24 0.24 0.27 0.24 0.28 0.27 0.28 0.28 0.26 0.28 0.25
2.26 2.12 2.17 2.23 2.37 2.40 2.24 2.24 2.28 2.39 2.30 2.17 2.26 2.12
0.11 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.12 0.10 0.11 0.11
0.06 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09
2.97 3.31 3.58 3.64 3.80 3.67 3.30 2.96 2.38 2.21 2.34 2.58 3.59 4.00
1.75 1.96 2.13 2.18 2.27 2.20 1.97 1.77 1.44 1.32 1.38 1.53 2.15 2.41
0.96 1.07 1.14 1.15 1.20 1.16 1.04 0.93 0.74 0.71 0.76 0.84 1.14 1.26
0.25 0.28 0.31 0.31 0.32 0.31 0.28 0.26 0.21 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.30 0.32
0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
2020
May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
6,976 6,912 6,912 6,912 6,912 6,913 6,912 6,956

4,129 4,065 4,065 4,065 4,065 4,066 4,065 4,067
2,847 2,847 2,847 2,847 2,847 2,847 2,847 2,889
79,578 79,580 79,691 79,703 79,695 79,758 79,758 79,790
2,399 2,399 2,399 2,399 2,489 2,489 2,489 2,514
39,796 42,556 43,106 43,177 43,775 44,608 45,312 49,181
108,654 108,854 109,097 109,320 110,940 112,330 113,337 120,972
6,575 6,575 6,575 6,575 6,575 6,575 6,575 6,567

862 862 862 862 862 862 862 862
5,713 5,713 5,713 5,713 5,713 5,713 5,713 5,705
290 290 290 290 290 290 290 290
403 405 405 405 405 405 405 406
25,629 26,078 26,537 27,005 27,483 27,972 28,470 28,976
15,753 16,053 16,361 16,676 16,999 17,330 17,667 18,011
7,959 8,085 8,213 8,343 8,475 8,610 8,746 8,885
1,917 1,940 1,963 1,986 2,009 2,032 2,056 2,080
127 127 127 127 127 127 127 127
2.59 2.52 2.74 2.11 1.95 2.26 1.64 1.86

1.46 1.47 1.52 1.35 1.21 1.41 1.21 1.31
1.13 1.05 1.22 0.76 0.74 0.85 0.43 0.56
27.89 28.30 25.52 21.52 18.59 19.63 20.85 23.83
1.34 1.30 1.42 1.38 1.38 1.34 1.43 1.51
8.68 10.05 10.51 9.74 8.98 7.52 5.92 5.01
29.88 25.64 24.75 24.94 21.57 28.37 28.14 32.67
2.40 2.48 2.61 2.67 2.48 2.52 2.55 2.68

0.22 0.24 0.24 0.27 0.24 0.28 0.27 0.28
2.17 2.23 2.37 2.40 2.24 2.24 2.28 2.39
0.12 0.11 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15
0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.09
4.40 4.47 4.64 4.50 4.04 3.63 2.93 2.72
2.66 2.72 2.82 2.74 2.45 2.21 1.79 1.65
1.38 1.39 1.45 1.39 1.26 1.12 0.89 0.85
0.36 0.36 0.37 0.36 0.33 0.30 0.24 0.22
0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
Table 9a. U.S. Macroeconomic Indicators and CO2 Emissions
2015 2016 2017
Macroeconomic
Real Gross Domestic Product
(billion chained 2012 dollars - SAAR) ...................................... 17,234 17,278 17,321 17,373 17,408 17,435 17,452 17,465 17,473 17,455 17,466 17,486 17,528 17,557 17,585 17,610 17,639 17,669 17,704 17,735 17,766 17,793 17,824 17,856 17,892 17,925 17,958 17,982 18,019 18,062 18,114 18,163 18,214 18,276 18,324 18,367
Real Personal Consumption Expend.
Real Private Fixed Investment
Business Inventory Change
(billion chained 2012 dollars - SAAR) ...................................... 160 175 178 151 142 135 132 124 115 103 91 77 59 46 35 28 19 11 -6 -5 3 41 48 46 18 12 10 12 18 27 54 59 58 35 30 30
Real Government Expenditures
Real Exports of Goods & Services
Real Imports of Goods & Services
Real Disposable Personal Income
Non-Farm Employment
(millions) ................................................................................. 140.6 140.9 140.9 141.2 141.6 141.7 142.0 142.1 142.3 142.6 142.8 143.1 143.2 143.4 143.7 143.9 143.9 144.2 144.5 144.7 144.9 145.1 145.2 145.4 145.7 145.8 146.0 146.2 146.3 146.5 146.7 146.9 146.9 147.2 147.4 147.6
Civilian Unemployment Rate
(percent) ................................................................................ 5.7 5.5 5.4 5.4 5.6 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.0 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 4.8 4.9 4.8 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.1
Housing Starts
(millions - SAAR) .................................................................... 1.09 0.89 0.96 1.19 1.08 1.20 1.14 1.13 1.22 1.06 1.17 1.16 1.11 1.21 1.12 1.16 1.13 1.19 1.23 1.16 1.06 1.33 1.15 1.29 1.22 1.29 1.18 1.15 1.12 1.23 1.20 1.17 1.16 1.26 1.30 1.22
Industrial Production Indices (Index, 2012=100)

Total Industrial Production .......................................................... 106.0 105.4 105.1 104.5 104.1 103.7 104.3 104.2 103.8 103.4 102.7 102.1 103.0 102.2 101.4 101.5 101.4 101.9 102.1 102.0 102.0 102.2 102.1 102.9 103.0 102.6 103.3 104.3 104.4 104.6 104.5 104.0 104.1 105.6 106.2 106.5
Manufacturing ......................................................................... 102.7 102.0 102.3 102.1 102.1 101.7 102.3 102.0 101.6 101.6 101.3 101.0 101.7 101.1 101.0 100.6 100.6 100.9 101.1 100.7 101.1 101.4 101.5 101.9 102.5 102.4 102.2 103.3 103.2 103.3 103.1 102.8 102.7 104.1 104.4 104.4
Food ........................................................................ 103.9 103.8 104.7 104.3 103.7 103.8 103.9 104.7 105.2 104.5 105.4 105.2 106.5 105.7 106.1 105.5 106.6 107.3 106.8 106.8 106.9 106.9 106.8 107.4 108.9 109.7 108.9 110.2 110.0 110.4 111.0 111.7 112.3 112.0 112.0 112.8
Paper ...................................................................... 99.6 98.6 99.5 99.7 99.7 98.5 98.3 98.2 98.5 98.1 97.2 96.9 97.8 97.7 97.1 96.5 97.6 97.8 97.4 96.9 97.9 98.5 99.2 97.9 97.8 99.1 97.1 98.2 96.5 96.9 95.7 98.0 96.4 95.2 95.8 97.0
Petroleum and Coal Products ................................. 96.5 97.9 96.4 96.9 96.5 95.6 97.2 97.8 99.1 101.1 100.9 100.6 101.1 103.5 104.9 103.2 103.2 104.8 105.5 105.4 106.0 105.0 105.6 104.8 105.9 105.5 106.0 108.5 109.5 109.4 107.1 106.4 102.8 107.9 107.7 108.2
Chemicals ............................................................... 96.1 96.0 95.3 95.7 94.7 95.2 95.1 94.4 94.8 95.1 95.2 94.9 96.0 95.0 95.9 95.0 94.9 93.8 93.6 93.4 94.3 94.3 94.8 95.4 95.2 94.4 95.2 95.9 97.0 97.4 98.2 95.6 93.4 98.6 99.1 99.1
Nonmetallic Mineral Products ............................... 109.8 108.3 107.5 108.7 108.9 109.4 110.0 110.9 109.3 110.9 111.6 112.6 112.4 112.1 111.7 111.4 110.8 111.0 110.8 110.0 110.7 111.2 111.8 112.1 113.3 115.4 115.7 114.4 113.6 114.4 114.7 113.0 116.8 116.7 117.7 118.6
Primary Metals ........................................................ 101.5 98.7 96.5 96.4 96.0 98.6 98.3 96.5 95.2 96.2 94.8 93.3 94.6 94.4 94.3 93.5 94.4 93.5 91.8 91.3 90.2 89.2 90.8 92.5 93.9 94.0 93.1 93.5 91.5 92.8 92.8 93.8 95.2 94.8 95.5 94.3
Coal-weighted Manufacturing (a) ............................................. 101.3 100.3 99.6 99.9 99.7 100.2 100.4 100.1 99.9 100.5 100.3 100.1 100.9 100.8 101.0 100.2 100.6 100.3 99.9 99.5 99.8 99.6 100.6 100.8 101.8 102.2 101.9 102.7 101.9 102.6 102.3 101.7 100.7 102.9 103.7 103.7
Distillate-weighted Manufacturing (a) ....................................... 103.8 103.4 102.9 103.2 103.1 103.1 103.8 104.2 104.1 104.6 104.4 104.7 105.2 105.1 105.3 104.8 104.9 105.6 105.4 105.1 105.4 105.6 106.5 106.7 107.8 108.4 108.3 109.0 108.7 108.9 108.8 108.8 109.3 110.3 110.8 111.1
Electricity-weighted Manufacturing (a) ..................................... 102.0 101.2 100.8 101.0 101.0 100.9 101.4 100.9 100.7 100.9 100.7 100.4 101.2 100.9 101.0 100.3 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.3 100.7 100.7 101.4 101.5 102.5 102.6 102.2 103.4 102.9 103.4 103.1 102.5 101.6 103.8 104.6 104.5
Natural Gas-weighted Manufacturing (a) ................................. 99.7 99.1 98.3 98.9 99.0 98.6 98.8 98.4 98.6 99.1 99.2 98.9 99.7 99.7 100.3 99.3 99.6 99.6 99.8 99.7 100.4 100.0 101.1 101.2 102.3 102.0 102.3 103.8 103.8 104.3 104.0 102.5 100.0 104.4 105.3 105.2
Price Indexes
Consumer Price Index (all urban consumers)
(index, 1982-1984=1.00) .......................................................... 2.35 2.35 2.36 2.36 2.37 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.37 2.38 2.39 2.39 2.40 2.40 2.41 2.41 2.42 2.42 2.43 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.45 2.46 2.47 2.47 2.48
Producer Price Index: All Commodities
(index, 1982=1.00) ................................................................... 1.94 1.92 1.91 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.91 1.91 1.90 1.88 1.87 1.85 1.84 1.83 1.83 1.84 1.84 1.85 1.85 1.86 1.87 1.87 1.88 1.89 1.92 1.92 1.93 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.92 1.93 1.94 1.96 1.97 1.98
Producer Price Index: Petroleum
(index, 1982=1.00) ................................................................... 1.63 1.70 1.82 1.78 2.03 2.05 2.01 1.88 1.66 1.61 1.56 1.39 1.25 1.15 1.22 1.32 1.46 1.58 1.56 1.48 1.54 1.59 1.52 1.56 1.65 1.67 1.65 1.71 1.66 1.64 1.65 1.73 1.88 1.86 1.93 1.92
GDP Implicit Price Deflator
(index, 2012=100) .................................................................... 104.0 104.0 104.2 104.5 104.7 104.8 104.9 105.0 105.0 105.0 105.0 105.0 104.8 104.9 105.1 105.4 105.6 105.8 105.8 106.0 106.1 106.4 106.5 106.7 106.9 107.0 107.2 107.2 107.4 107.6 107.8 108.0 108.3 108.5 108.7 108.9
Miscellaneous
Vehicle Miles Traveled (a)
(million miles/day) .................................................................... 7,532 7,758 8,323 8,761 8,737 9,019 8,980 8,781 8,503 8,660 8,295 8,369 7,732 7,690 8,553 8,988 8,967 9,233 9,199 9,007 8,735 8,891 8,505 8,541 7,826 8,059 8,656 9,095 9,073 9,343 9,309 9,115 8,840 8,996 8,605 8,644
Air Travel Capacity
(Available ton-miles/day, thousands) ........................................ 502 508 546 560 571 599 602 594 562 557 556 580 531 534 586 598 592 628 629 625 577 586 581 611 550 544 604 609 605 645 670 681 631 613 639 641
Aircraft Utilization
(Revenue ton-miles/day, thousands) ........................................ 306 313 346 345 348 375 383 368 342 349 337 348 314 311 353 352 357 391 391 378 356 358 354 360 328 328 373 375 380 415 417 407 367 382 382 381
Airline Ticket Price Index
(index, 1982-1984=100) ........................................................... 283.2 288.6 287.4 294.6 319.4 325.0 297.3 277.8 274.9 285.8 294.1 278.7 278.3 283.5 283.6 295.9 309.5 309.7 283.5 268.0 267.5 270.9 274.8 265.4 269.2 280.5 283.6 294.0 300.6 296.4 276.3 259.4 259.1 267.3 268.0 254.9
Raw Steel Production
(million short tons per day) ....................................................... 0.262 0.247 0.233 0.237 0.243 0.247 0.249 0.249 0.246 0.240 0.224 0.215 0.233 0.242 0.240 0.241 0.250 0.251 0.245 0.238 0.232 0.227 0.229 0.235 0.244 0.250 0.249 0.247 0.249 0.247 0.251 0.251 0.247 0.248 0.247 0.240
Table 9b. U.S. Regional Macroeconomic Data
2015 2016 2017
Real Gross State Product (Billion $2009)
New England ..................................................................................... 922 924 926 932 934 935 931 931 933 938 939 940 937 937 938 941 943 944 947 948 949 947 947 948 949 951 952 954 956 959 963 965 967 965 967 969
Middle Atlantic ................................................................................... 2,601 2,605 2,611 2,626 2,631 2,635 2,636 2,633 2,628 2,606 2,605 2,611 2,639 2,649 2,655 2,654 2,655 2,656 2,653 2,652 2,652 2,649 2,652 2,659 2,676 2,683 2,687 2,681 2,685 2,690 2,702 2,709 2,715 2,720 2,725 2,730
E. N. Central ...................................................................................... 2,376 2,376 2,378 2,388 2,391 2,394 2,394 2,395 2,396 2,397 2,397 2,397 2,391 2,392 2,396 2,407 2,412 2,416 2,417 2,421 2,426 2,436 2,440 2,442 2,438 2,439 2,440 2,440 2,444 2,449 2,458 2,463 2,469 2,471 2,477 2,483
W. N. Central ..................................................................................... 1,123 1,123 1,123 1,125 1,126 1,127 1,129 1,129 1,129 1,129 1,128 1,126 1,121 1,121 1,121 1,125 1,128 1,131 1,135 1,137 1,140 1,142 1,143 1,143 1,139 1,139 1,140 1,145 1,147 1,147 1,144 1,144 1,146 1,151 1,153 1,155
S. Atlantic ........................................................................................... 3,027 3,036 3,045 3,060 3,068 3,074 3,076 3,080 3,084 3,086 3,090 3,094 3,097 3,102 3,108 3,117 3,125 3,134 3,142 3,151 3,159 3,170 3,177 3,184 3,190 3,194 3,198 3,196 3,200 3,207 3,218 3,227 3,237 3,249 3,259 3,267
E. S. Central ...................................................................................... 772 773 776 781 783 785 785 786 785 784 783 783 783 783 784 787 788 790 791 792 794 796 797 799 800 801 802 802 803 804 805 807 809 813 815 817
W. S. Central ..................................................................................... 2,158 2,165 2,166 2,146 2,145 2,147 2,163 2,167 2,169 2,168 2,167 2,164 2,158 2,155 2,154 2,155 2,156 2,156 2,157 2,158 2,160 2,160 2,163 2,166 2,171 2,176 2,182 2,189 2,195 2,200 2,204 2,209 2,214 2,218 2,223 2,228
Mountain ............................................................................................ 1,107 1,110 1,112 1,113 1,115 1,117 1,118 1,120 1,122 1,125 1,128 1,130 1,131 1,133 1,135 1,136 1,139 1,143 1,150 1,153 1,156 1,155 1,156 1,158 1,161 1,163 1,165 1,165 1,168 1,173 1,181 1,186 1,190 1,192 1,195 1,198
Pacific ................................................................................................ 3,179 3,198 3,215 3,233 3,245 3,253 3,251 3,255 3,258 3,253 3,261 3,273 3,303 3,316 3,324 3,319 3,324 3,332 3,345 3,354 3,363 3,371 3,380 3,390 3,400 3,412 3,425 3,442 3,455 3,466 3,472 3,485 3,501 3,529 3,544 3,554
Industrial Output, Manufacturing (Index, Year 2012=100)
New England ..................................................................................... 98.8 98.5 98.4 98.4 98.3 98.2 98.2 98.0 97.8 97.3 97.1 96.9 96.9 96.7 96.5 96.2 96.0 96.0 96.2 96.2 96.4 96.5 96.7 96.9 97.1 97.3 97.5 97.9 98.0 98.0 97.5 97.5 97.7 98.4 98.6 98.8
Middle Atlantic ................................................................................... 99.3 99.1 98.9 98.8 98.7 98.6 98.7 98.6 98.4 97.8 97.5 97.4 97.5 97.4 97.2 96.7 96.5 96.4 96.5 96.6 96.7 97.0 97.1 97.3 97.4 97.5 97.7 98.2 98.2 98.2 97.5 97.4 97.6 98.3 98.5 98.7
E. N. Central ...................................................................................... 104.6 104.4 104.3 104.2 104.1 104.1 104.4 104.4 104.3 103.8 103.6 103.5 103.7 103.6 103.5 103.2 103.1 103.1 103.3 103.5 103.7 104.0 104.2 104.4 104.7 104.9 105.2 105.7 105.8 105.8 105.1 105.2 105.5 106.5 107.0 107.3
W. N. Central ..................................................................................... 102.8 102.5 102.3 102.1 101.9 101.8 101.9 101.8 101.6 101.1 100.9 100.8 101.1 101.0 100.8 100.3 100.2 100.1 100.4 100.5 100.6 100.8 101.0 101.2 101.4 101.7 101.9 102.5 102.7 102.7 102.2 102.3 102.6 103.4 103.8 104.1
S. Atlantic ........................................................................................... 103.5 103.4 103.3 103.4 103.4 103.6 103.8 103.9 103.9 103.8 103.8 103.8 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.6 103.6 103.7 104.0 104.3 104.6 104.9 105.2 105.5 105.9 106.2 106.6 107.1 107.3 107.3 106.6 106.6 106.9 107.9 108.3 108.6
E. S. Central ...................................................................................... 104.9 104.7 104.7 104.8 104.8 104.9 105.2 105.3 105.3 105.1 105.1 105.3 105.6 105.8 105.9 105.7 105.8 106.0 106.4 106.7 107.0 107.2 107.4 107.7 108.0 108.3 108.6 109.1 109.2 109.1 108.3 108.3 108.5 109.3 109.6 109.8
W. S. Central ..................................................................................... 102.7 102.2 101.6 100.9 100.3 99.8 99.6 99.2 98.6 97.8 97.3 96.9 96.8 96.4 95.9 95.2 94.8 94.6 94.6 94.6 94.6 94.7 94.8 95.0 95.3 95.5 95.9 96.5 96.8 96.9 96.5 96.6 96.9 97.8 98.2 98.4
Mountain ............................................................................................ 103.9 103.9 103.8 103.9 103.9 104.0 104.3 104.4 104.5 104.3 104.3 104.4 104.6 104.5 104.5 104.0 104.0 104.1 104.4 104.7 105.0 105.2 105.6 106.0 106.5 107.0 107.4 108.1 108.5 108.7 108.5 108.8 109.3 110.3 110.9 111.4
Pacific ................................................................................................ 103.0 102.9 102.8 102.8 102.8 102.9 103.4 103.4 103.3 102.6 102.5 102.4 102.6 102.6 102.5 102.1 102.0 101.9 102.0 102.0 102.1 102.4 102.5 102.6 102.7 102.9 103.1 103.5 103.5 103.5 102.7 102.7 102.9 103.8 104.2 104.4
Real Personal Income (Billion $2009)
New England ..................................................................................... 803 806 809 812 814 816 816 817 819 823 824 825 824 825 825 824 825 825 828 829 829 827 829 831 838 842 844 845 847 850 853 855 857 857 860 863
Middle Atlantic ................................................................................... 2,053 2,061 2,069 2,077 2,083 2,089 2,096 2,099 2,100 2,093 2,094 2,098 2,111 2,115 2,116 2,108 2,108 2,109 2,114 2,118 2,122 2,123 2,130 2,140 2,159 2,169 2,177 2,180 2,187 2,194 2,199 2,208 2,217 2,233 2,242 2,249
E. N. Central ...................................................................................... 2,211 2,220 2,228 2,233 2,239 2,245 2,250 2,256 2,261 2,269 2,273 2,275 2,272 2,272 2,272 2,271 2,272 2,274 2,277 2,281 2,285 2,291 2,297 2,302 2,308 2,312 2,316 2,317 2,321 2,325 2,331 2,336 2,342 2,347 2,354 2,362
W. N. Central ..................................................................................... 1,054 1,056 1,058 1,057 1,058 1,060 1,064 1,066 1,067 1,068 1,068 1,068 1,065 1,064 1,063 1,063 1,063 1,064 1,067 1,068 1,069 1,070 1,071 1,072 1,074 1,076 1,079 1,082 1,084 1,085 1,082 1,083 1,085 1,089 1,093 1,096
S. Atlantic ........................................................................................... 2,823 2,839 2,852 2,859 2,868 2,877 2,884 2,890 2,897 2,901 2,907 2,914 2,923 2,928 2,932 2,929 2,933 2,938 2,946 2,953 2,960 2,966 2,974 2,983 2,996 3,005 3,012 3,016 3,022 3,028 3,033 3,042 3,051 3,064 3,076 3,087
E. S. Central ...................................................................................... 811 814 817 819 821 822 824 825 826 827 828 829 831 832 832 831 831 832 835 836 838 838 840 842 846 848 850 851 853 854 855 856 858 861 864 867
W. S. Central ..................................................................................... 1,827 1,827 1,825 1,815 1,813 1,813 1,819 1,820 1,819 1,817 1,814 1,811 1,806 1,802 1,800 1,798 1,797 1,798 1,801 1,803 1,805 1,807 1,811 1,816 1,825 1,831 1,836 1,839 1,843 1,847 1,850 1,855 1,860 1,864 1,870 1,879
Mountain ............................................................................................ 1,009 1,014 1,018 1,020 1,023 1,025 1,025 1,027 1,029 1,032 1,034 1,035 1,035 1,036 1,037 1,038 1,039 1,042 1,046 1,048 1,050 1,048 1,051 1,054 1,063 1,067 1,070 1,070 1,073 1,076 1,080 1,084 1,088 1,092 1,096 1,102
Pacific ................................................................................................ 2,425 2,442 2,458 2,473 2,484 2,493 2,498 2,504 2,509 2,511 2,516 2,522 2,534 2,539 2,541 2,536 2,538 2,540 2,543 2,548 2,554 2,562 2,569 2,577 2,587 2,594 2,601 2,608 2,614 2,620 2,619 2,627 2,638 2,658 2,670 2,682
Households (Thousands)
New England ..................................................................................... 5,813 5,813 5,813 5,812 5,811 5,813 5,817 5,822 5,829 5,835 5,840 5,845 5,850 5,855 5,859 5,862 5,864 5,864 5,864 5,864 5,864 5,864 5,864 5,864 5,864 5,864 5,866 5,869 5,874 5,879 5,883 5,887 5,890 5,894 5,898 5,902
Middle Atlantic ................................................................................... 15,945 15,945 15,944 15,943 15,941 15,941 15,943 15,946 15,949 15,952 15,955 15,958 15,962 15,964 15,961 15,954 15,944 15,939 15,942 15,951 15,962 15,971 15,978 15,984 15,991 16,000 16,012 16,029 16,050 16,070 16,088 16,105 16,121 16,137 16,152 16,168
E. N. Central ...................................................................................... 18,655 18,667 18,678 18,687 18,697 18,708 18,722 18,738 18,754 18,770 18,785 18,800 18,815 18,829 18,840 18,846 18,848 18,849 18,849 18,849 18,849 18,850 18,850 18,850 18,849 18,851 18,857 18,868 18,883 18,899 18,912 18,924 18,935 18,946 18,958 18,969
W. N. Central ..................................................................................... 8,447 8,455 8,462 8,469 8,476 8,482 8,486 8,489 8,491 8,494 8,497 8,500 8,504 8,506 8,507 8,505 8,502 8,500 8,500 8,502 8,504 8,506 8,508 8,509 8,510 8,512 8,517 8,523 8,532 8,540 8,548 8,555 8,562 8,569 8,576 8,583
S. Atlantic ........................................................................................... 24,584 24,618 24,652 24,685 24,718 24,748 24,777 24,804 24,831 24,858 24,886 24,914 24,942 24,967 24,989 25,003 25,014 25,023 25,033 25,045 25,056 25,067 25,078 25,088 25,098 25,111 25,130 25,156 25,186 25,217 25,246 25,273 25,299 25,326 25,354 25,383
E. S. Central ...................................................................................... 7,529 7,534 7,539 7,544 7,548 7,553 7,557 7,562 7,566 7,571 7,575 7,580 7,585 7,589 7,591 7,592 7,592 7,591 7,589 7,587 7,586 7,584 7,582 7,581 7,579 7,578 7,579 7,581 7,586 7,590 7,594 7,598 7,601 7,605 7,609 7,613
W. S. Central ..................................................................................... 14,285 14,304 14,323 14,342 14,360 14,377 14,391 14,405 14,418 14,431 14,445 14,459 14,473 14,486 14,496 14,503 14,507 14,510 14,512 14,513 14,515 14,517 14,519 14,521 14,523 14,526 14,532 14,543 14,556 14,570 14,583 14,594 14,606 14,618 14,631 14,645
Mountain ............................................................................................ 8,764 8,776 8,787 8,797 8,808 8,819 8,832 8,846 8,860 8,874 8,887 8,901 8,915 8,928 8,939 8,948 8,956 8,963 8,972 8,982 8,991 9,001 9,010 9,020 9,029 9,039 9,051 9,066 9,082 9,099 9,116 9,132 9,148 9,164 9,180 9,196
Pacific ................................................................................................ 18,371 18,393 18,414 18,435 18,455 18,474 18,492 18,508 18,524 18,540 18,557 18,574 18,591 18,606 18,618 18,625 18,629 18,632 18,636 18,640 18,645 18,649 18,654 18,657 18,661 18,667 18,677 18,693 18,712 18,731 18,747 18,761 18,774 18,788 18,802 18,817
Total Non-farm Employment (Millions)
New England ..................................................................................... 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4
Middle Atlantic ................................................................................... 18.9 18.9 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.3 19.3 19.3 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.6 19.6 19.6 19.6 19.7 19.7 19.7
E. N. Central ...................................................................................... 21.3 21.3 21.4 21.4 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.8 21.8 21.8 21.8 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.1
W. N. Central ..................................................................................... 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7
S. Atlantic ........................................................................................... 26.6 26.7 26.7 26.8 26.9 26.9 27.0 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 27.3 27.3 27.4 27.4 27.5 27.5 27.6 27.7 27.7 27.8 27.8 27.9 27.9 27.9 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.1 28.1 28.1 28.1 28.2 28.2 28.3 28.3
E. S. Central ...................................................................................... 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1
W. S. Central ..................................................................................... 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.7 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.9 16.9 16.9 16.9 16.9 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.1 17.1 17.1 17.1 17.1 17.2 17.2 17.2
Mountain ............................................................................................ 9.9 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6
Pacific ................................................................................................ 21.6 21.6 21.7 21.7 21.8 21.8 21.9 22.0 22.0 22.1 22.1 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.3 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.5 22.5 22.6 22.6 22.7 22.7 22.7 22.7 22.8 22.9 22.9 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.1 23.1 23.2 23.2
443807417.xlsx 40 10/25/2019 07:53:41
Table 9c. U.S. Regional Weather Data
2015 2016 2017
Heating Degree Days
New England ................................................. 1,336 1,412 1,101 588 148 84 7 8 43 458 610 726 1,127 957 754 605 251 45 4 5 67 389 672 1,054 1,038 906 1,037 451 303 45 9 26 57 237 743 1,186
Middle Atlantic .............................................. 1,260 1,318 1,002 481 100 30 4 9 27 391 529 626 1,119 901 644 515 213 22 1 1 38 316 609 975 971 780 908 341 233 25 3 18 53 215 699 1,087
E. N. Central .................................................. 1,334 1,405 951 454 159 45 12 24 39 365 603 775 1,241 957 670 506 221 25 2 5 40 285 582 1,166 1,082 776 834 349 249 27 6 34 64 291 773 1,197
W. N. Central .................................................. 1,267 1,305 802 399 215 40 12 33 50 356 650 960 1,303 937 653 424 207 27 11 17 75 304 569 1,257 1,212 818 783 401 224 37 10 50 78 363 805 1,218
South Atlantic ............................................... 643 666 358 132 22 1 0 0 8 143 237 279 659 483 240 152 58 1 0 0 2 91 290 479 476 323 346 76 47 2 0 1 14 89 322 535
E. S. Central ................................................... 836 864 445 147 37 1 0 1 13 164 313 402 857 573 324 162 71 0 0 0 5 89 339 672 579 409 387 94 57 3 0 1 24 146 407 729
W. S. Central .................................................. 623 498 278 55 14 0 0 0 1 42 218 358 565 310 179 61 17 0 0 0 1 22 154 444 417 208 147 52 14 0 0 0 3 59 180 501
Mountain ........................................................ 818 600 484 396 268 42 24 21 78 247 686 937 918 618 542 381 254 42 15 31 115 265 512 926 962 627 467 404 235 59 6 27 120 358 489 815
Pacific ........................................................... 471 334 285 295 208 26 8 13 58 112 471 619 569 342 396 242 181 44 20 12 66 201 332 627 666 496 392 309 171 50 14 8 45 178 351 507
U.S. Average .............................................. 890 867 584 300 119 24 6 11 32 227 445 581 871 628 450 309 150 21 6 6 39 198 418 783 766 547 543 248 154 25 5 15 45 193 490 798
Heating Degree Days, Prior 10-year Average
New England ................................................. 1,204 1,047 915 532 260 47 6 19 109 406 706 1,036 1,207 1,085 921 539 233 53 6 19 107 412 699 994 1,219 1,077 904 547 230 53 6 17 99 405 708 1,013
Middle Atlantic .............................................. 1,122 987 827 450 195 21 4 11 75 350 659 967 1,129 1,023 831 455 173 23 4 11 74 356 652 919 1,151 1,019 813 464 174 23 4 10 66 345 659 937
E. N. Central .................................................. 1,249 1,097 847 458 207 30 10 16 97 404 743 1,116 1,258 1,143 845 463 193 33 11 18 97 405 734 1,067 1,291 1,136 827 477 193 31 11 17 86 383 725 1,090
W. N. Central .................................................. 1,321 1,122 831 452 200 39 13 21 116 418 782 1,233 1,313 1,161 824 455 197 40 14 22 115 417 775 1,201 1,349 1,146 808 467 200 40 14 22 105 397 757 1,225
South Atlantic ............................................... 606 502 370 145 48 1 0 0 13 137 353 520 615 522 362 141 42 1 0 0 13 140 347 485 634 518 350 146 41 1 0 0 11 131 344 490
E. S. Central ................................................... 777 636 441 178 57 1 0 0 19 195 473 691 796 669 434 173 51 1 0 0 19 194 465 649 824 659 423 179 51 1 0 0 15 178 454 655
W. S. Central .................................................. 541 408 240 76 10 0 0 0 5 69 261 504 558 423 240 73 10 0 0 0 5 67 263 485 578 411 239 77 11 0 0 0 4 62 254 483
Mountain ........................................................ 904 749 605 419 231 80 12 25 114 349 600 924 903 739 589 416 235 73 13 24 110 342 610 928 914 727 575 418 243 73 14 24 104 329 602 930
Pacific ........................................................... 575 499 461 348 191 83 18 19 56 207 395 604 564 485 448 341 195 74 17 19 52 197 404 612 564 472 427 327 197 74 18 18 53 193 397 616
U.S. Average .............................................. 866 737 579 318 144 31 7 11 59 259 518 791 870 756 573 316 137 31 7 11 58 257 515 763 888 747 558 319 137 30 7 11 53 246 509 772
Cooling Degree Days
New England ................................................. 0 0 0 0 31 39 193 205 87 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 75 241 241 61 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 72 170 128 66 11 0 0
Middle Atlantic .............................................. 0 0 0 0 72 114 250 230 136 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 17 129 310 312 114 6 0 0 0 0 0 2 14 123 251 162 87 22 0 0
E. N. Central .................................................. 0 0 0 1 82 139 202 169 127 7 0 2 0 0 3 1 42 188 277 297 131 19 0 0 0 0 1 7 37 167 242 148 92 16 0 0
W. N. Central .................................................. 0 0 3 8 55 203 289 202 168 13 0 0 0 0 10 8 49 263 306 269 138 28 2 0 0 3 6 9 51 206 331 166 127 14 0 0
South Atlantic ............................................... 34 19 84 131 242 394 456 411 296 135 103 100 25 24 89 87 185 379 509 484 352 157 56 65 50 55 56 124 213 337 469 406 282 159 66 38
E. S. Central ................................................... 3 0 21 52 175 353 442 339 235 59 16 24 2 3 36 37 124 371 473 460 321 113 12 4 20 18 28 74 135 272 430 341 194 66 6 1
W. S. Central .................................................. 5 6 39 141 260 453 586 562 424 188 52 25 9 25 86 123 238 475 620 547 429 233 80 17 36 67 111 141 240 445 582 508 368 145 67 6
Mountain ........................................................ 2 11 32 40 75 313 325 362 231 84 3 0 0 10 24 42 90 331 408 305 173 99 14 0 0 5 32 51 109 308 414 329 178 92 29 1
Pacific ........................................................... 10 13 27 23 28 176 218 261 193 97 12 10 8 15 13 27 37 166 236 234 122 47 17 8 7 7 17 25 46 150 283 281 139 68 21 10
U.S. Average .............................................. 9 7 29 53 126 255 336 315 223 77 30 26 7 11 35 43 98 271 384 362 219 86 26 17 17 22 32 56 106 241 363 292 184 78 27 10
Cooling Degree Days, Prior 10-year Average
New England ................................................. 0 0 0 0 9 76 225 159 35 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 69 224 157 38 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 69 222 168 43 1 0 0
Middle Atlantic .............................................. 0 0 0 0 28 139 276 211 69 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 35 132 273 205 71 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 35 134 274 214 79 6 0 0
E. N. Central .................................................. 0 0 3 2 58 173 257 219 68 6 0 0 0 0 3 2 64 163 249 210 69 6 0 0 0 0 3 1 64 169 247 217 78 8 0 0
W. N. Central .................................................. 0 0 6 8 66 208 319 270 94 9 0 0 0 0 7 8 67 204 315 263 95 9 0 0 0 0 7 6 65 210 308 261 104 12 0 0
South Atlantic ............................................... 31 30 48 82 195 360 444 433 281 126 46 38 31 29 53 90 205 366 442 427 278 126 50 46 30 30 57 88 206 372 448 430 289 131 52 47
E. S. Central ................................................... 7 3 23 35 149 341 408 417 228 46 3 3 6 2 24 38 157 346 409 406 222 47 4 5 4 2 26 34 157 353 412 405 239 55 5 5
W. S. Central .................................................. 16 16 62 116 276 491 555 586 377 140 35 9 14 15 62 122 278 490 559 586 372 146 34 11 11 16 62 114 271 492 564 580 384 154 38 12
Mountain ........................................................ 1 3 14 40 119 265 397 333 199 64 11 0 1 3 16 41 114 274 388 339 203 66 10 0 1 4 18 41 108 275 386 339 206 70 11 0
Pacific ........................................................... 9 7 11 17 48 105 237 219 145 42 15 8 9 7 12 18 46 116 233 222 156 49 14 9 9 8 13 19 45 116 224 227 156 51 14 8
U.S. Average .............................................. 10 9 22 38 112 245 349 323 177 57 16 10 10 9 23 41 117 247 346 320 179 59 17 12 9 10 24 39 116 250 346 323 187 63 18 12

Forecast Month - October 2019 Table Beginning Year - 2015 Table Beginning Month - 201501 Last Historical Month - 201909

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Forecast Month - October 2019 Table Beginning Year - 2015 Table Beginning Month - 201501 Last Historical Month - 201909

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Forecast Month - October 2019

Table Beginning Year--- 2015

Table Beginning Month--- 201501

Last Historical Month--- 201909

Table 1. U.S. Energy Markets Summary

Crude Oil Production (a)

Dry Natural Gas Production

Total Energy Consumption (d)

Crude Oil West Texas Intermediate Spot

Natural Gas Henry Hub Spot

Real Gross Domestic Product

GDP Implicit Price Deflator

Real Disposable Personal Income

Manufacturing Production Index

Consumption (million barrels per day) (c)

Crude Oil Production Capacity

Surplus Crude Oil Production Capacity

World Real Gross Domestic Product (a) ...................

Real U.S. Dollar Exchange Rate (a)

24.81 25.37 25.46 25.70 25.11 25.35 25.23 25.48

6.74 6.91 6.91 6.95 6.97 7.00 6.89 6.99

14.54 15.06 15.26 15.09 15.57 15.34 14.97 14.73

4.91 5.12 5.26 5.37 5.29 5.11 5.21 5.29

8.65 9.02 9.05 9.02 8.92 8.70 8.43 8.47

36.84 36.54 36.30 35.89 36.60 35.90 37.52 38.62

4.51 4.58 4.44 4.45 4.52 4.66 4.71 4.61

46.42 47.51 47.91 48.16 47.88 47.92 47.91 48.49

101.00 102.60 102.68 102.48 102.98 102.06 102.95 104.20

115.01 115.33 115.37 115.62 115.89 116.25 116.53 116.79

106.58 106.38 106.19 105.98 105.76 105.50 105.29 105.09

Consumption (million barrels per day)

End-of-period Inventories (million barrels)

HGL Net Imports

HGL Refinery and Blender Net Inputs

HGL Inventories (million barrels)

Refinery and Blender Net Inputs

Refinery and Blender Net Production

End-of-period Inventories (million barrels)

Consumption (billion cubic feet per day)

End-of-period Inventories (billion cubic feet)

Consumption (million short tons)

End-of-period Inventories (million short tons)

Coal Market Indicators

Electricity Consumption (billion kilowatthours)

End-of-period Fuel Inventories Held by Electric Power Sector

Renewable Electricity Generation (billion kilowatthours)

in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

6,976 6,912 6,912 6,912 6,912 6,913 6,912 6,956

6,575 6,575 6,575 6,575 6,575 6,575 6,575 6,567

2.59 2.52 2.74 2.11 1.95 2.26 1.64 1.86

2.40 2.48 2.61 2.67 2.48 2.52 2.55 2.68

Industrial Production Indices (Index, 2012=100)

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