Power Transmission and Distribution Lab Lab 3

Lab3: Measurement of power loss in the transmission line

Objective

Theory

Discuss different types of transmission lines and over view of power losses in transmission lines in this
section.

Required elements
Write dow the equipment required by hand. Please avoid unnecessary information.
 N-BUS04. Emitter transport busbar.
 N-BUS05. Receptor transport busbar.
 N-EALD (2 units). Network Analyzer.
 N-ALI01. Industrial power supply.
 N-PLC02. PLC02 Control module.
 N-REG15. TAP regulator module.
 N-AE1CD. Transmission lines simulator digital unit.

o N-ERP-MF-01. Digital fault simulator module.

Control cables SUB-D of 62 pins: 6 units.
 Power Transmission and Distribution Lab Lab 3
Signal cable MICRO of 8 pins.
Transformers and power cables of the transformers:
o TRANS3/5KR. 5KW Step-Down Transformer with voltage regulator.
Power cable with aluminum safety connector at both ends (1 unit).

Fig 3.1 Circuit Diagram (add the diagram drawn in VISIO here, remove this one)

Experimental procedure
Write down the procedure by hand. Material should be precise and to the point. The material provided is
just for your guidance (Delete this). You can add figures taken during performance under the caption:
connection diagram, where necessary, in order to explain your procedure clearly.
Carry out the following steps:
1. Check that all the modules are switch off.
2. Make the wiring.
3. Proceed to switch on all the modules with the red supply switches.
4. The use of a load is recommended to perform this practical exercise so that there is a power/current flow
to cause power losses in the transmission lines module N-AE1CD. For that purpose, it is recommended to
use the three-phase commutable resistors bank module N-CAR35T3D or a similar one.
5. The loads module must be connected to the BUS1 of the N-BUS05 module, as it is shown in the picture
below.
 Power Transmission and Distribution Lab Lab 3

6. Activate the key of the power supply N-ALI01 or other available power supply, as for example a three-
phase generator of 400VAC.
7. Closing operations of the emitter and receptor bus bars N-BUS04 and N-BUS05.
a. Closure of the disconnector 89L1-1 of the N-BUS04.
b. Closure of the disconnector 89L1-3 of the N-BUS04.
c. Closure of the circuit breaker 52L1-1 of the N-BUS04.
d. EFFECTIVE CLOSURE.
8. At this moment the lines module N-AE1CD is energized. It can be known because the analyzer located
to the left (analyzer 1) is measuring around 385VAC and is connected upstream of the line. The same occurs
with the analyzer located to the right (analyzer 2), which is measuring the output voltage of the line. Those
voltages are practically the same and that is due to the lack of current through the line and, therefore, to the
lack of losses due to Joule effect.

Besides, take into account that the primary winding of the regulation transformer TRANS3/5KR must be
disconnected so that there are no-load currents in the transmission line.

Take into account that to measure the line voltage two aspects of the analyzers must be considered:
1. The four positions selector of the left (padlock, 1, 2 and 3) must be in position 1 (voltage measurement).
 Power Transmission and Distribution Lab Lab 3
2. When it is in that position, the joystick will be moved down to take the voltage readings of the line VLL.

It is important to observe which line resistance and inductance is selected by default in the N-AE1CD
module, since depending on these parameters there will be different voltage drops. The shortest line length
will be selected, that is to say, R = 10 Ohm and L = 33mH, in order to have a non-excessive voltage drop.
The picture shows the position of the commutators of the lines module:

9. Procedure to close the bus bar N-BUS05.

a. Closure of the disconnector 89T1-1.
b. Closure of the disconnector 89T1-2.
c. Closure of the circuit breaker 52T2-1.
d. EFFECTIVE CLOSURE
10. Close the commutator of the N-REG15 to be able to supply power to the loads.
11. At this moment there is voltage in every point of the system. Finally, it will be necessary to activate the
loads so that there is power-flow.
12. Take voltage, current and power measurements in the left side analyzer (Analyzer 1).
 Power Transmission and Distribution Lab Lab 3

Analyzer 1.

Analyzer 2.

Measurements

Measurements for short Transmission Line (Capacitance neglected)

Sr. Ps1 Ps2 Ps3 Vs1 Vs2 Vs3 Is1 Is2 Is3 R L
 Power Transmission and Distribution Lab Lab 3

Sr. Pr1 Pr2 Pr3 Vr1 Vr2 Vr3 Ir1 Ir2 Ir3 R L

Sr. Pstotal= Ps1+ Ps2+ Ps3 Prtotal= Pr1+ Pr2+ Pr3 Power Loss= Pstotal - Prtotal

Measurements for Medium Transmission Line (Capacitance included)

Sr. Ps1 Ps2 Ps3 Vs1 Vs2 Vs3 Is1 Is2 Is3 R L

Sr. Pr1 Pr2 Pr3 Vr1 Vr2 Vr3 Ir1 Ir2 Ir3 R L

Sr. Pstotal= Ps1+ Ps2+ Ps3 Prtotal= Pr1+ Pr2+ Pr3 Power Loss= Pstotal - Prtotal

Theoretical procedure to calculate the losses of active power:

Write down the procedure for calculation of power loss in short and medium transmission lines in this
section and compare the results for both cases in tabulated form at the end (tables are added for your
guidance).
 Power Transmission and Distribution Lab Lab 3

The total power consumed will be:

𝑃 = 3𝐼 2 𝑅

Sr. Power Loss (measured) Power Loss (calculated) Error % Error

Sr. Power Loss Power Loss (calculated) Error % Error

(measured)

Conclusion