Semi-Detailed Lesson Plan

in Pre-calculus

I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a.) define ellipse;
b.) determine the standard form of equation of an ellipse and graph in
a rectangular coordinate system; and
c.) solve situational problems involving ellipse.

II. Subject Matter

Content : Analytic Geometry
Content Standards : Key Concepts of Conic Sections
Learning Competencies : 1.) Define ellipse
2.)Determine the standard form of equation
of an ellipse
3.) Graph an ellipse.
Reference : Pre-calculus Teaching Guide, pp. 36 - 45
Materials : Multi-media, Compass, Pencil and
Graphing Paper
III. Procedures:

A. Preliminaries
- Prayer
- Checking of Attendance
- Checking of assignment (If there’s any)

B. Preparatory Activity
- Review of the previous lesson

C. Developmental Activities

ACTIVITY (Motivation)
Oval shape puzzle will be given to each group. The task is to solve the
puzzle and unlock the hidden picture. Afterwards, if the puzzle is solved they will
paste it to the board and tell a short description of the formed image.

ANALYSIS
The following questions will be asked:
1. What similarities you have observe in this four pictures?
2. How can you relate this observation into Mathematics?
3. At some point, are this pictures related to an ellipse?
ABSTRACTION
Ellipse
Let F1and F2 be two distinct points. The set of all points P, whose distances from
F1 and from F2 add up to a certain constant, is called an ellipse. The points F1
and F2 are called the fociof the ellipse.

Standard Equation of an Ellipse

𝑥2 𝑦2
+ =1
𝑎2 𝑏2

c = √𝑎2 −𝑏2 ,
Terms to remember:

1.) Center : Origin (0, 0)

2.) Foci : F1 (-c, 0) and F2 (c, 0)
 Each foci isc units away from the center.
 For any point on the ellipse, the sum of its distance from the foci is 2a.
3.) Vertices : V1 (-a, 0) and V2 (a, 0)
 The vertices are point on the ellipse, collinear with the center and foci.
 Each vertex is a units away from the center.
 The segment V1V2 is called the major axis. Its length is 2a. It divides the
ellipse into to congruent parts.
4.) Covertices : W1 (0, -b) and W2 (0, b)
 The segment through the center, perpendicular to the major axis, is the
minor axis. It meets the ellipse at the covertices. It divides the ellipse
into two congruent parts.
 Each covertices is b units away from the center.

Example:
1. Give the coordinates of the foci, vertices, and covertices of the ellipse
𝑥2 𝑦2
with equation 25
+ 9
= 1.
Solution:
With a2 = 25 and b2 = 9, we have a = 5 and b = 3, and c = √𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 = 4.
Foci : F1( -4, 0) and F2 (4, 0)
Vertices : V1 (-5, 0) and V2 (5, 0)
Covertices : W1 (0, -3) and W2(0, 3)
2. Find the (standard) equation of the ellipse whose foci are F1(3,0) and
F2(3,0), such that for any point on it, the sum of its distances from the foci is
10.
Solution:
We have 2a = 10 andc = 3, soa = 5 andb = pa2 c2 = 4. The equation is
𝑥2 𝑦2
+ = 1.
25 16

More Properties of Ellipses

Some ellipses have their foci aligned vertically, and some have centers not at
the origin. Their standard equations and properties are given in the box. The
derivations are more involved, but are similar to the one above, and so are
not shown anymore.
3. Give the coordinates of the center, foci, vertices, and covertices of the
ellipse with the given equation. Sketch the graph, and include these
points.
(𝑥+3)2 (𝑦−5)2
24
+ 49
= 1.
 4. Give the coordinates of the center, foci, vertices, and covertices of the
ellipse with the given equation. Sketch the graph, and include these
points.
9x2 + 16y2 – 126x + 64y = 71

For the mastery of the concepts regarding the topic ellipse, students will be
presenting varied performances. Ahead of time, they were grouped according to
their inclination. Groups are as follows, Logical-Mathematical Intelligence, Bodily-
Kinesthetic Intelligence, Musical Intelligence, and Linguistic Intelligence. Composed
song were given ahead of time to Musical Intelligence to master the lyrics and make
new arrangement of the tune (if possible), Music was also given in advance to
Bodily-Kinesthetic group for them to conceptualize the choreography that will relate
to the lyrics of the song, however linguistics was given a task to make a punch line or
spoken poetry about the topic ellipse and the Logical-Mathematical are assigned to
solve equations and expound thoroughly the concept to help classmates fully grasp
the topic.

APPLICATION
Like parabolas, ellipses have an interesting reflection property that has
practical consequences. If a source of light or sound is placed at once focus of a
surface elliptical cross-sections, then all the light or sound is reflected off the surface
to the other focus. This principle is used in lithotripsy, a treatment for kidney stones.
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a_gudjqOecE, recovered on June 22, 2019)
The video about how lithotripsy is done will be
played.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a_gudjqOecE

IV. Evaluation
Give the coordinates of the center, foci, vertices, and covertices of the ellipse with
the given equation. Sketch the graph.
𝑥2 𝑦2
1. 169
+ 25
=1
(𝑥+7) 2 (𝑦−4)2
2. 16
+ 25
=1
3. 9x2 + 16y2 + 72x – 96y+ 144 = 0
V. Assignment

1. An orbit of a satellite around a planet is an ellipse, with the planet at one focus of
this ellipse. The distance of the satellite from this star varies from 300,000 km to
500,000 km, attained when the satellite is at each of the two vertices. Find the
equation of this ellipse, if its center is at the origin, and the vertices are on the x-axis.
Assume all units are in 100,000 km.

Prepared by:

JOEYNEL L. PONTEVEDRA
SST - II

Checked by:

NOEMI AIREEN M. ABRAHAM

Principal I