CE GREAT MINDS

HYDRAULICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

INSTRUCTION: Select the best answer for each of the following questions. Mark only one answer for each
item by shading the box corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY
NO ERASURES ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 2 only.

CONCEPTUAL AND PROBLEM SOLVING

1. An 8 m. thick layer of clay under a surcharge loading underwent 80% primary consolidation in 70
days. The clay layer is drained both top and bottom. Find the coefficient of consolidation of clay
for the pressure range. Use Tv = 0.567 Hint: use the formula:

𝑇𝑣 (𝐻𝑑𝑟 )2
𝑡=
𝐶𝑣

Where: t = time corresponding to degree of consolidation

Cv = coefficient of consolidation
Hdr = half the thickness of the sample drained on both sides.
Tv = time factor

a. 0.1365 m2/day b. 0.1296 c. 0.1477 d. 0.2592

2. It is used in drilling operations to determine the in situ undrained shear strength of clay soils
particularly soft clays.
a. triaxial test b. nuclear method c. rubber balloon d. vane shear

3. A rectangular block of wood, floats with one face horizontal in a fluid (S = 0.9). The wood density
is 750 kg/m3. Determine the percentage of wood, which is floated.
a. 17% b. 21% c. 27% d. 24%

4. Water is supplied to a 90 mm nozzle under a head of 300 m. If Cv = 0.95 and Cc = 1 ,calculate the
velocity of the jet.
a. 63.45 m/s b. 72.88 c. 76.72 d. 59.20

5. In engineering practice the highest altitude in an atmospheric condition is :

a. 10000 m b. 8500 c. 8225 d. 9250

SITUATIONAL

SITUATION 1: A rectangular scow is 9 m wide , 15 m long, and 3.6 m high has a draft in sea water of 2.4 m.
Its center of gravity is 2.7 m above the bottom of the scow.

6. Calculate MBo .
a. 2.7135 m b. 2.8125 c. 3.125 d. 1.8125

7. Calculate the initial metacentric height.

a. 1.7135 b. 1.9185 c. 1.6555 d. 1.3125

8. Compute the righting or overturning moment when the scow tilts until one side is just at the point
of submergence in kN.m .
a. 3273.8 RM b. 3273.8 OM c. 1189.3 RM d. 1189.3 OM

SITUATION 2: For sandy soil, emax = 0.86 , emin = 0.43 and Gs = 2.66.

9. Find the void ratio at Dr = 0.56.

a. 0.75 b. 0.62 c. 0.83 d. 0.54

10. Find the moist unit weight of soil when the water content is 0.07.
a. 17.24 kN/m3 b. 15.56 c. 18.75 d. 19.03

11. Find the degree of saturation.

a. 0.4 b. 0.35 c. 0.3 d. 0.25

SITUATION 3: A soil sample was determined in the laboratory to have a liquid limit of 41% and a plastic
limit of 21.1 %. If the water content is 30%, the following characteristics of soil as follows:

LI < 0 - brittle solid

LI < 1 – plastic
LI > 1 – liquid
 12. Calculate the plasticity index.
a. 21.1 b. 20 c. 19.9 d. 18.7

13. Calculate the liquidity index.

a. 0.447 b. 0.472 c. 0.506 d. 0.538

14. Determine the characteristic of soil.

a. liquid b. plastic c. dense d. brittle

SITUATION 4: The submerged, curved surface AB in Figure FM1-MG is one-quarter of a circle of radius 4 ft.
The tank’s length (distance perpendicular to the plane of the figure) is 6 ft.

15. Calculate the horizontal component of the hydrostatic force.

a. 15620 lb b. 13985 c. 14980 d. 14220

16. Calculate the vertical component of the hydrostatic force.

a. 17625 lb b. 16690 c. 17225 d. 18000

17. Calculate the location of the horizontal force from the water surface.
a. 10.13 ft b. 9.76 c. 10.27 d. 9.56

SITUATION 5: In a tri-axial test for a normally consolidated soil, the normal stress at failure is equal
to 450 kPa and the shear stress at failure equal to 300 kPa.

18. Compute the angle of friction.

a. 27.56° b. 28.57° c. 33.69° d. 30.62°

19. Compute the angle of the failure plane with the major principal axis.
a. 60.33° b. 61.07° c. 60.84° d. 61.85°

20. Compute the maximum principal stress at failure.

a. 957.25 kPa b. 984.26 kPa c. 1013.03 kPa d. 1056.84 kPa

SITUATION 6: Pipes from three reservoirs that meet at point C which is at elevation 366 m. is shown in the
Figure H13R-JCB. With C = 150 and pressure at point C is 18.3 psi.

21. Compute the pressure head at C in m.

a. 13.57 b. 12.66 c. 9.54 d. 11.47

22. Compute the elevation at D.

a. 378.66 b. 380.67 c. 377.59 d. 376.76

23. Compute the head loss at pipe line x.

a. 33.77 b. 38.94 c. 35.50 d. 32.94

SITUATION 7: A 4.2 m thick layer of sand is underlain by a layer of clay. The water table is 2 below the
ground or sand surface. For sand, Gs = 2.65 and the average void ratio is 0.52. The sand above water table
has a degree of saturation of 0.37. The saturated unit weight of the clay layer is 20.2 kN/m3.

24. Determine the unit weight of sand above the water table.
a. 17.86 b. 20.46 c. 10.65 d. 18.35

25. Determine the total stress at a point 10 m below the ground.

a. 199 kPa b. 123 c. 232 d. 167

26. Determine the effective stress at a point 10 m below the ground.

a. 134.5 kPa b. 120.4 c. 156.9 d. 111.1

SITUATION 8: Identify the following terms in soils.

27. It has particle size greater than 2 mm.

a. Gravel b. Sand c. Silt d. Clay

28. The US Sieve size of 0.074 mm opening is:

a. 4 b. 10 c. 40 d. 200

29. It is used in scaling the natural water content of a soil sample.

a. Plastic Limit b. Compression Index c. Liquidity Index d. Liquid Limit
SITUATION 9: A 0.36 m square prestressed concrete pile is to be driven in a clayey soil with unconfined
compressive stress of 110 kN/m2. If the design capacity of the pile is 360 kN, with a factor of safety of 2
, Nc = 9 , and the unit weight of soil is 18.1 kN/m3.

30. Find the end bearing capacity of the soil.

a. 66.26 kN b. 64.15 c. 68.26 c. 62.70

31. Find the skin friction force.

a. 705.33kN b. 668.26 c. 655.85 d. 720.56

32. Find the length of the pile.

a. 11.01 b. 11.22 c. 10.90 d. 12.37

SITUATION 10: A 4 m cylindrical tank 10 m high , contains oil at a depth of 6 m and water at a depth of 4
m. A 100 mm orifice located at the bottom of the tank. Use Cc = 0.9 , Cv = 0.98 and Soil = 0.90.

33. Compute the coefficient of discharge.

a. 0.9 b. 0.98 c. 0.88 d. 0.80

34. Compute the time to remove the water.

a. 608 s b. 752 c. 345 d. 489

35. Find the total time required to drain all liquids.

a. 33 mins b. 44 c. 55 d. 66

SITUATION 11: An open cylindrical tank 30 cm in diameter and 80 cm high partially filled with water is
rotated about is vertical axis at a speed of 240 rpm

36. What would be the depth of water in the tank if the cylindrical tank is brought to rest so that no
water will be spilled out?
a. 0.56 m b. 0.44 c. 0.72 m d. 0.36 m

37. At what speed would it be rotated so that 1.40 liters of water will be spilled out?
a. 225.60 rpm b. 285.75 c. 245.80 d. 252.22

38. Calculate the speed so that the pressure at the center of the bottom of the tank is zero.
a. 225.60 rpm b. 285.75 c. 245.80 d. 252.22

SITUATION 12: Given the soil profile in which the water table is 3 m below the ground. Also 3 m below the
ground is the clay layer. For the sand, the void ratio is 0.65 , Gs = 2.66 . For a clay layer, e = 0.90,
Gs = 2.75 LI = 0.24 ,and PL = 20% .

39. Compute the compression index.

a. 0.64 b. 0.77 c. 0.45 d. 0.36

40. Compute the effective stress increase with the water table lowered with the water table lowered by
5 m.
a. 97.15 kPa b. 198.47 c. 282.59 d. 101.32

41. Compute the settlement.

a. 647 mm b. 764 c. 822 d. 612

SITUATION 13: A 50 mm. diameter siphon is drawing oil (S = 0.82) from an oil reservoir as shown on the
Figure H2BT – JS. The head loss from point 1 to point 2 is 150 m and from point 2 to 3 is 2.40 m. Use γ water
= 9.79 kN/m3 .

42. If the total length of the 50 mm diameter siphon, compute the friction factor f.
a. 0.056 b. 0.022 c. 0.035 d. 0.015

43. Compute the discharge of oil from the siphon.

a. 10.11 L/s b. 7.88 c. 9.12 d. 6.55

44. Compute the lowest vacuum pressure of the siphon.

a. -55.12 kPa b. -69.62 c. -47.38 d. -36.9

SITUATION 14: A braced sheet pile for an open cut in a stiff clay is shown in the Figure F1SL - ABM. The
struts are spaced longitudinally at 4 m center to center.

45. Compute the loads on strut at A.

a. 525.18 kN b. 367.63 c. 137.81 d. 262.59
 46. Compute the loads on strut at B.
a. 525.18 kN b. 367.63 c. 137.81 d. 262.59

47. Compute the loads on strut at C.

a. 525.18 kN b. 367.63 c. 137.81 d. 262.59

SITUATION 15: The Figure G1SS – JSJ shows a layer of granular soil in a tank with an upward seepage by
applying water through the valve at the bottom. The loss of head caused by upward seepage between the
levels A and B is 0.70 m and between levels A and B is 0.28 m. The void ratio is 0.52 and its specific
gravity is 2.72.

48. Compute the effective stress at C.

a. 19.45 kN/m2 b. 18.87 c. 20.34 d. 17.35

49. Calculate the critical hydraulic gradient.

a. 1.45 b. 1.13 c. 1.37 d. 1.64

50. Calculate the upward seepage force per unit volume.

a. 1.45 b. 1.13 c. 1.37 d. 1.64
 Figure FM1- MG

Figure H13R – JCB

Figure H2BT – JS
Figure F1SL – ABM

Figure G1SS - JSJ