10-95

10-90 A combined gas-steam power plant is considered. The topping cycle is a gas-turbine cycle and the bottoming
cycle is a nonideal reheat Rankine cycle. The moisture percentage at the exit of the low-pressure turbine, the steam
temperature at the inlet of the high-pressure turbine, and the thermal efficiency of the combined cycle are to be
determined.
Assumptions 1 Steady operating conditions exist. 2 Kinetic and potential energy changes are negligible. 3 Air is an ideal gas
with variable specific heats.
Analysis (a) We obtain the air properties from EES. The analysis of gas cycle is as follows

T7  15C 
 h7  288.50 kJ/kg
Combustion
T7  15C  chamber
s 7  5.6648 kJ/kg 8
P7  100 kPa  9
P8  700 kPa  Compressor
h8 s  503.47 kJ/kg Gas
s8  s 7  turbine
h8 s  h7 7
C   h8  h7  h8 s  h7  /  C
 10
h8  h7  290.16  503.47  290.16 / 0.80  Heat
11 exchanger
 557.21 kJ/kg
3
T9  950C 
 h9  1304.8 kJ/kg Steam
turbine
T9  950C  4
s 9  6.6456 kJ/kg
P9  700 kPa  6
P10  100 kPa  5
h10 s  763.79 kJ/kg Condenser
s10  s 9 
2 pump
h h
 T  9 10  h10  h9   T h9  h10 s  1
h9  h10 s  1304.8  0.80 1304.8  763.79 
 871.98 kJ/kg
T
T11  200 C 
 h11  475.62 kJ/kg
9
From the steam tables (Tables A-4, A-5, and A-6 950C
or from EES),
·
h1  h f @ 10 kPa  191.81 kJ/kg Qin GAS
v1  v f @ 10 kPa  0.00101 m3 /kg CYCLE
10
wpI,in  v1 P2  P1  /  p 10s 3
   1 kJ  8
 0.00101 m 3 /kg 6000  10 kPa   / 0.80 8s
 1 kPa  m 3  6 MPa 1 MPa
 7.56 kJ/kg 5
h2  h1  wpI,in  191.81  7.65  199.37 kJ/kg
11 STEAM 4
P5  1 MPa  h5  3264.5 kJ/kg CYCLE 4s
15C 2
T5  400C  s 5  7.4670 kJ/kg  K 7 10 kPa
1 · 6s 6
s 6s  s f Qout
7.4670  0.6492 s
P6  10 kPa  x 6 s    0.9091
 s fg 7.4996
s 6s  s5 h
6s  h f  x 6 s h fg  191.81  0.90912392.1  2366.4 kJ/kg

PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Limited distribution permitted only to teachers and educators for course
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 10-96
h5  h6
T   h6  h5   T h5  h6 s 

h5  h6 s  3264.5  0.80 3264.5  2366.4
 2546.0 kJ/kg

P6  10 kPa 
x  0.9842
h6  2546.5 kJ/kg  6

Moisture Percentage  1  x 6  1  0.9842  0.0158  1.6%

(b) Noting that Q  W  Δke  Δpe  0 for the heat exchanger, the steady-flow energy balance equation yields

E in  E out

 m h   m h
i i e e

m s h3  h2   m s h5  h4   m air h10  h11 

(1.15)(3346.5  199.37)  (3264.5  h4 )  (10)(871.98  475.62) 
 h4  2965.0 kJ/kg
Also,
P3  6 MPa  h3  P4  1 MPa 
T3  ?  s 4s  s3  h4 s 
 s3  
h3  h4
T   h4  h3   T h3  h4 s 

h3  h4 s
The temperature at the inlet of the high-pressure turbine may be obtained by a trial-error approach or using EES from the
above relations. The answer is T3 = 468.0ºC. Then, the enthalpy at state 3 becomes: h3 = 3346.5 kJ/kg

(c) W T,gas  m air h9  h10   10 kg/s 1304.8  871.98 kJ/kg  4328 kW

W C,gas  m air h8  h7   10 kg/s 557.21  288.50  kJ/kg  2687 kW

W net,gas  W T,gas  W C,gas  4328  2687  1641 kW

W T,steam  m s h3  h4  h5  h6   1.15 kg/s 3346.5  2965.0  3264.5  2546.0 kJ/kg  1265 kW

W P,steam  m s w pump  1.15 kg/s 7.564 kJ/kg  8.7 kW

W net,steam  W T,steam  W P,steam  1265  8.7  1256 kW

W net,plant  W net,gas  W net,steam  1641  1256  2897 kW

(d) Q in  m air h9  h8   10 kg/s 1304.8  557.21 kJ/kg  7476 kW

W net,plant 2897 kW
 th    0.388  38.8%
Q in 7476 kW

PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Limited distribution permitted only to teachers and educators for course
preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.