FOUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS

(FISIKA I)

TOPIC:
MECHANICS: FORCE AND MOTION

Mariyanto, S.Si. M.T.

Departemen Teknik Geofisika
Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
2019
 Outline

• Force and Mass

• Kind of Forces
• Newton’s Law

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 Force

• What can cause an object to accelerate.?

• That cause is a force, which is, a push or

pull on the object. The force is said to act
on the object to change its velocity.

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 Mass

• The mass of a body is the characteristic

that relates a force on the body to the
resulting acceleration.
• Mass is an intrinsic characteristic of a
body-that is, a characteristic that
automatically comes with the existence of
the body.

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 Newton’s First Law

• If no force acts on a body, the body’s

velocity cannot change; that is, the body
cannot accelerate.

• If no net force acts on a body, the body’s

velocity cannot change; that is, the body
cannot accelerate.

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 Newton’s Second Law

• The net force on a body is equal to the

product of the body’s mass and its
acceleration.

• General equation:

• Three component equations, one for each

axis of an xyz coordinate system:

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 Acceleration

• The acceleration component along a given

axis is caused only by the sum of the force
components along that same axis, and not
by force components along any other axis.

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 Newton’s Third Law

• When two bodies interact, the forces on

the bodies from each other are always
equal in magnitude and opposite in
direction.

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 Some Particular Forces

• The Gravitational Force

• Weight
• The Normal Force
• Friction
• Tension

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 The Gravitational Force

• A gravitational force on a body is a pull

by another body.

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 Weight

• The weight W of a body is the magnitude

of the upward forceneeded to balance the
gravitational force on the body

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 The Normal Force

• A normal force is the force on a body

from a surface against which the body
presses. The normal force is always
perpendicular to the surface.

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 Friction

• A frictional force f is the force on a body

when the body slides or attempts to slide
along a surface. The force is always
parallelto the surface and directed so as to
oppose the sliding.

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 Tension

• When a cord is under tension, each end

of the cord pulls on a body.

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Problem

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Problem

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