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Polinomi: Alda Domić IV (Jip) 10.11.2019
Polinomi: Alda Domić IV (Jip) 10.11.2019
2019
POLINOMI
član polinoma.
4.stepena , a polinom
3.stepena .
Algebarski izraz koji ima samo jedan član naziva se monom.
e) = 10x2z2
f) = -8x6y3 / 125
b)
c) = -4x2y6z-5
1. (4c2+2c-1)+(2c2-2c-6)-(5c2+3c-1)
= 4c2+2c-1+2c2-2c-6-5c2-3c+1
= c2-3c-6
2. (x2-x-4)-(x2+2x-3)
= x2-x-4- x2-2x+3
= -3x-1
3. (6d2-2d+1)-(-2d2+3d-3)
= 6d2-2d+1+2d2-3d+3
=8d2-5d+4
4. -2x3(2x2y-2xy2)
= -4x5y+4x4y2
5. (x2-2)(x2+4)
=x4+4x2-2x2-8 = x4+2x2-8
6. (x-1)(-x2+2x+1)
= -x3+2x2+x+x2-2x-1 = -x3+3x2-x-1
NULE POLINOMA
OSNOVNI STAV ALGEBRE
TEOREM
Broj α je NULA polinoma P(x) akko (x-α)|P(x),
tj. ako je P(x) = (x-α)q(x).
TEOREM
Ako su α i β dvije različite nule polinoma P(x),
tada je polinom P(x)=(x- α)(x- β).
PRIMJERI:
x2+ x − 2 = x − 1 x + 2 dvije nule prvog reda
x2− 4x + 4 = (x – 2)2 jedna nula drugog reda
VIETOVE FORMULE
a) ax3 + bx2 + cx + d =
= ax3 – a( x1 + x2 + x3) x2 + a (x 1x2 + x1x3+x2x3)x – ax1 x2x3
b) x4− 5x2 + 3x + 4 = 0
x1 + x2+ x3 + x4 = 0
x1x2+ x1x3 + x1x4 + x2x3 + x2x4 + x3x4 = −5
⇒ x12+ x 22 + x32 + x42
= (x1 + x2 + x3 + x4)2 − 2 (x1x2 + x1x3+ x1x4 + x2x3 + x2x4 + x3x4)
= 0 − 2 ⋅ −5 = 10