1.

DI-CARBONYL COMPOUNDS

In organic chemistry, a carbonyl group is a functional group composed of

a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom: C=O. It is common to several
classes of organic compounds, as part of many larger functional groups. A
compound containing a carbonyl group is often referred to as a carbonyl compound.

The term carbonyl can also refer to carbon monoxide as a ligand in

an inorganic or organometallic complex (a metal carbonyl, e.g. nickel carbonyl).

The remainder of this article concerns itself with the organic chemistry definition of
carbonyl, where carbon and oxygen share a double bond.

1,2-dicarbonyl compounds (DCs) are generated from carbohydrates during food

processing and storage and under physiological conditions. In the recent decades,
much knowledge has been gained concerning the chemical formation pathways and
the role of DCs in food and physiological systems.

2. STRUCTURE OF 1,2-DICARBONYL COMPOUNDS BELLOW

Structure of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds bellow
3. PROPERTIES OF ETHANEDIAL

Property Value

Ethane dial

Relative molecular mass 58.04

Density (g/cm3) 1.14 (20 °C)

Refractive index 1.3826 (20 °C)

Melting point (°C) 15

Boiling point (°C) 50.4 (101.3 kPa)

Vapour pressure (kPa) 29.33 (~20 °C)

n-Octanol/water partition -1.65 (calculated)

coefficient (log Kow)
-0.85 (measured)

Water solubility (g/litre) 600 (25 °C)

Henry's law constant

(Pa·m3/mol) <3.38 × 10-4 (25 °C,

measured)

(dimensionless) <1.36 × 10-7

40% aqueous solution of glyoxal

Vapour pressure (kPa) 2.03 (20 °C)

Density (g/cm3) 1.27 (20 °C)

Viscosity (mPa·s) 5-10 (23 °C)

Setting point (°C) ~ -10

pH of aqueous solution 2.1-2.7

Properties of diphenyl di-ketone

Property Value

diphenyl di-ketone

Relative molecular mass 38.04

Density (g/cm3) 1.24 (20 °C)

Refractive index 1.6826 (20 °C)

Melting point (°C) 18

Boiling point (°C) 62.4 (101.3 kPa)

Vapour pressure (kPa) 29.33 (~20 °C)

n-Octanol/water partition -1.65 (calculated)

coefficient (log Kow)
-0.85 (measured)

Water solubility (g/litre) 600 (25 °C)

Henry's law constant

(Pa·m3/mol) <3.38 × 10-4 (25 °C,
measured)

(dimensionless) <1.36 × 10-7

40% aqueous solution of glyoxal

Vapour pressure (kPa) 2.03 (20 °C)

Density (g/cm3) 1.27 (20 °C)

Viscosity (mPa·s) 5-10 (23 °C)

Setting point (°C) ~ -10

pH of aqueous solution 2.1-2.7

2,4-pentanedione Bellow
5. 3 Uses of 1,4-dicabonyl

Most of the reactions of the 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds are the conventional

reactions expected for isolated carbonyl groups. An important exception is
formation of azacylclopentadiene (pyrrole) derivatives from 1,4-dicarbonyl
compounds and ammonia or primary amines:

1. Can be used to prepare compounds with oxygen and sulfur in five-

membered rings.
2. It is used in food industry
3. In cosmetics
 REFERENCE

Ouellette, R.J. and Rawn, J.D. "Organic Chemistry" 1st Ed. Prentice-Hall, Inc.,
1996: New Jersey. ISBN 0-02-390171-3

Claden, Johnathan; et al. Organic Chemistry. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-
0-19-850346-0.

Nicolaou, Kyriacos Costa; E. J. Sorensen (1996). Classics in Total Synthesis:

Targets, Strategies, Methods. Wiley-VCH. pp. 230–232. ISBN 3-527-29231-
4.

Mayo D.W., Miller F.A and Hannah R.W “Course Notes On The Interpretation of
Infrared and Raman Spectra” 1st Ed. John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2004: New
Jersey. ISBN 0-471-24823-1.