SUBSTANCES VS.

MIXTURES Name

A substance is matter for which a chemical

formula can be written. Elements and
compounds are substances. Mixtures can
be in any proportion, and the parts are not
chemically bonded.
Classify the following as to whether it is a
substance or a mixture by writing S or M in
the space provided.

1. sodium 11. iron S

2. water 12. saltwater

3. soil 13. icecream

4. coffee 14. nitrogen 5

5. oxygen 5 15. eggs JYL

6. alcohol 16. blood M

7. '• carbon dioxide 17. table salt

8. cake batter H 18. nail polish JA.

9. air M 19. milk i

10. soup -: 20. cola

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IFR7A7
HOMOGENEOUS VS. Name
HETEROGENEOUS MATTER
Classify the following substances and mixtures as either homogeneous or heterogeneous.
Place a V in the correct column.
HOMOGENEOUS HETEROGENEOUS

1. flat soda pop /

2. cherry vanilla ice cream

- \s

3. salad dressing

4. sugar

5. soil

6. aluminum foil

7. black coffee

8. sugar water

9. city air

10. paint

11, alcohol

12. iron

13. beach sand

14, pure air ./

15. spaghetti sauce

Physical Science IF8767 36 ©Instructional Fair, Inc.!

PHYSICAL VS. Name
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
A physical property is observed with the senses and can be determined without destroying
the object. For example, color, shape, mass, length, density, specific heat and odor are
all examples of physical properties.
A chemical property indicates how a substance reacts with something else. When a
chemical property is observed, the original substance is changed into a different
substance. For example, the ability of iron to rust is a chemical property- The iron has
reacted with oxygen and the original iron metal is gone. It is now iron oxide, a new
substance. All chemical changes include physical changes.
Classify the following properties as either chemical or physical by putting a check in the
appropriate column.
Physical Chemical
Property Property
1. red color

2. density /

3. flammability

4. solubility

5. reacts with acid to form hydrogen

6. supports combustion /

7. bitter taste

8. melting point

9. reacts with water to form a gas

10. reacts with a base to form water *

\s
11. hardness

12. boiling point s

13. can neutralize a base

14. luster

15. odor
Physical Science IF8767 38 ©Instructional Fair, Inc
PHYSICAL VS. CHEMICAL CHANGE Name

In a physical change, the original

substance still exists, it has only
changed in form. Energy changes
usually do not accompany physical
changes, except in phase changes
and when substances dissolve.
In a chemical change, a new
substance is produced. Energy
changes always accompany
chemical changes. Chemical
changes are always accompanied by
physical changes.
Classify the following as examples of a
physical change, a chemical change
or both kinds of change.

1. Sodium hydroxide dissolves in water.

2. Hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide

to produce a salt, water and heat.

3. A pellet of sodium is sliced in two.

4. Water is heated and changed to steam. £

5. Potassium chlorate decomposes to
potassium chloride and oxygen gas.

6. Iron rusts.

7. Ice melts. fo
8. Acid on limestone produces carbon dioxide gas.

9. Milk sours. r\. Wood

Physical Science IF8767 39 ©Instructional Fair, Inc.

DENSITY Name

Which has the greater mass, air or lead? Most of you would answer lead, but actually this
question does not have an answer. To compare these two things you need to now how
much of each you have. A large amount of air could have a greater mass than a small
amount of lead. To compare different things, we have to compare the masses of each
that occupy the same space, or volume. This is called density.

density = mass
volume

Solve the following problems.

1 . What is the density of carbon dioxide gas if 0. 196 g occupies a volume of 100 ml?
x
/OD I « 7k I O ~° Answer:

2. A block of wood 3.0 cm on each side has a mass of 27 g. What is the density of this
block?

/, D Answer:

3. An irregularly shaped stone was lowered into a graduated cylinder holding a

volume of water equal to 2.0 ml. The height of the water rose to 7.0 ml. If the mass
of the stone was 25 g, what was its density?
* Answer:

4. A 10.0 cm3 sample of copper has a mass of 89.6 g. What is the density of copper?

Answer:

5. Silver has a density of 10.5 g/cm3 and gold has a density of 19.3 g/cm3.
Which would have a greater mass, 5 cm3 of silver or 5 cm3 of gold?

(role* Answer:

6. Five ml of ethanol has a mass of 3.9 g, and 5.0 mL of benzene has a mass of 4.4 g.
Which liquid is denser?

Answer:

7. A sample of iron has the dimensions of 2 cm x 3 cm x 2 cm. If the mass of this

rectangular-shaped object is 94 g, what is the density of iron?

Answer:

Physical Science IF8767 13 ©Instructional Fair, Inc.

SEPARATION OF MIXTURES Name

Taking advantage of various physical and chemical properties, how would you separate
the following mixtures into their components?
1 . Sand and water
4 V- OO A 0
PL \. L )o -c .
2. Sugar and water
- C.

3. Oil and water

;i
\
4. Sand and gravel
a a
-v c ( a Ia » A
5. A mixture of heptane (boiling point 98°C) and heptanol (boiling point 176°C)
£>\t
•

u> i i ioo; i
6. A mixture of iodine solid and sodium chloride (Hint: Iodine is not soluble in water.)

QU-V
i Vl Sot ubt
7. A mixture of lead and aluminum pellets.

bu
8. A mixture of salt and iron filings.
S vY\ H
ppu r

Physical Science IF8767 40 ©Instructional Fc