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2) During root welding, which of the following would be the main cause of excess
penetration?
The surface of the fracture is fibrous and ‘woody’ with long parallel sections which
are indicative of low parent metal ductility in the through-thickness direction.
a) Buttering the surface of the susceptible plate with a low strength weld metal has
been widely employed. As shown for the example of a T butt weld (Fig. 5) the surface
of the plate may be grooved so that the buttered layer will extend 15 to 25mm beyond
each weld toe and be about 5 to 10mm thick.
b) In-situ buttering ie where the low strength weld metal is deposited first on the
susceptible plate before filling the joint, has also been successfully applied. However,
before adopting either buttering technique, design calculations should be carried out
to ensure that the overall weld strength will be acceptable.
Note: Steel suppliers can provide plate which has been through-thickness tested with
a guaranteed STRA value of over 20%.
a. Radiography
b. ( answer ) Ultrasonics
c. Eddy current
d. MPI using AC
If surface-breaking, lamellar tears can be readily detected using visual examination,
liquid penetrant or magnetic particle testing techniques. Internal
cracks require ultrasonic examination techniques but there may be problems in
distinguishing / identify lamellar tears from / with inclusion bands. The orientation
of the tears normally makes them almost impossible to detect by radiography.
6) A fatigue fracture can be identified (from examination of the fracture …):
Two main options are available to control the problem in welded joint liable to
lamellar tearing:
8) Which of the following types of destructive test is sometimes used for welder
qualification testing:
a. Hardness test
b. ( answer ) Fracture test
c. Charpy V notch impact test
d. CTOD test
We need to know what is Fracture test?
Welder qualification – BS EN 287: the fracture test to be done for welder
qualification as below table.
9) Which one of these tests would most probably be used for welder qualificaiton
on a plate butt weld using 13mm low carbon steel:
a. CTOD
b. ( answer ) Nick break test
c. Fracture fillet test
d. IZOD
Pls take note this question apply for welder.
CTOD – Crack Tip Open Displacement: To determine the fracture toughness or
resistance towards crack extension.
Nick break test: To permit evaluation of any weld defects across the fracture
surface of a butt weld. This is righ answer for above question.
Fracture fillet test: To break open the joint through the weld to permit
examination of the fracture surfaces ( fillet weld ). See previous question.
IZOD: Izod Impact Test:
10) A transverse tensile test piece from a weld joint will give the:
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