Abstract:-

Normal consistency test of cement is performed to

find out the water content required to produce a cement paste
of standard consistency. Consistency is referred to as the ability
by a flow of a freshly mixed cement paste or mortar. The
consistency of cement is also called as a standard consistency or
normal consistency. This is the minimum quantity of water
required to initiate the chemical reaction between water and
cement content. This is the laboratory test of cement, there are
no field tests. The whole test is conducted as a trial and error
method.
Introduction:-
The amount of water content that brings the cement paste to a
standard condition of wetness is called “Normal consistency”.
Excessive addition of water in cement ratio and ultimately
cement loses its strength when it hardens. If less water is added
than required, cement is not properly hydrated results in loss of
strength.
Objective:-
Determination of percentage of water by weight of cement
required to prepare a standard acceptable (consistent) cement
paste.

Scope:-

This test method is intended to be used to determine the

amount of water (by % weight of dry cement) required to
prepare hydraulic cement pastes for testing.
Literature Review :-

1) The European Standard (EN) and Sri-Lanka Standard

(SLS) specification for Portland cement has largely similar
provision on physical and chemical parameters of cement.
However, consistency of cement within standards specification
is significantly high and it affect to standard deviation of
concrete. In order to obtain good concrete quality, concrete users
need to target a low standard deviation of concrete strength. In
order to reduce the standard deviation of concrete strength, the
material properties variations in cement properties need to be
lowered, this paper discusses variation in cement properties
from 5 different cement from given supplier varies between
batches or shipments. It is well understood that there are
significant differences in mortar strength, chemical composition,
fineness, setting time of same cement type from different
suppliers. Experiments were conducted with 48 cements samples
of 5 different brands collected over 10 months time from
January 2011 to October 2011. It was found that all cement
brands comply with EN and SLS parameters. However,
coefficients of variation (COVs) of most parameters, especially
strength, are significantly high. This paper answers two key
questions are all nominally similar cements the same? Does
cement from same supplier always behave consistently? Finally
it recommended cements users and specifies a systematic way to
select a consistent cement supplier for an economical and
sustainable construction.

(THUSHARA PRIYADA RSHANA AND RANJIT DISSANYAYAKE)

2.When water is mixed with cement, it starts hydration.
Excessive addition of water in cement results in an increase in
water cement ratio and ultimately cement loses its strength when
it hardens. If less water is added then required, cement is not
properly hydrated and results in loss of strength. The standard or
Normal consistency for ordinary Portland cement varies
between 25-35% to prepare a mix cement paste of standard
consistency 25-35% of water is added to cement. To explain in
details let us assume a standard consistency is 30%. Take 400g
of cement for this quantity add 30% of water. i.e 120g of water
content is added in cement to attain standard consistency.
Methodology :-

1. Take 400 g of each type of cement sieved.

2. Add water (i.e.28%, 29%, 30% by weight of cement) to
the cement and mix thoroughly with two trowels for 3
to 5 minutes till a uniform cement paste is achieved.
3. Fill the past in mould and level with trowel. Shake or
tap to remove air bubbles.
4. Place the nonporous plate and the mould under the plunger.
5. Release the plunger gently to touch the surface of paste.
Record the initial reading.
6. Release the plunger quickly and allow penetrating into
the paste. When the plunger comes to rest, note the final
reading.
7. Repeat the procedure with fresh paste varying the water
percentage until the plunger penetrates to a depth 5 to 7
mm from the bottom of the Vicat mould.
Analysis of Results:-

Observations:-
Types of S.NO Weight of % of water Amount of Penetration
cements cement water added (mm)
(gms) (ml)
1. Ordinary 1. 400 26 104 3
Portland 2. 400 29 116 7
cement 3. 400 30 120 15
2. Block 1. 400 29 116 2
Masonry 2. 400 30 120 7
3. 400 31 124 16
3. Sulphate 1. 400 27 108 2
Resisting 2. 400 28 112 7
3. 400 30 120 17
4. Rapid 1. 400 35 140 1
hardening 2. 400 36 144 8
cement 3. 400 37 148 13
Result:-
Percentage of water required to achieve normal consistency of
various types of cement is
1. O.P.C 29%
2. B.M.C 30%
3. S.R.C 28%
4. R.H.C 36%
Conclusion and Recommendation:-

Our test result is not so far from the true value, although errors
were made in the procedure by not following our standard
requirement.
28 %, 30%, 29%, 36% of water is the required
amount of water to have a consistence cement paste, we get
plunger size (which is between 5 & 7 mm) in that percent of
water-adding.
In order to maintain accuracy and precision of this
experiment, one must be able to measure the water and the
cement sample accurately. It should not more than or less than
the required amount.
 CONSISTANCY OF VARIOUS CEMENT

BATCH 2019

SECTION – D

NO. NAME ROLL NO.

1 MUHAMMAD ISHFAQUE 2019-CV-148

2 SYED MUHAMMAD UMER 2019-CV-152

3 MUSADDIQ AHMED 2019-CV-153

4 MIRZA ASAD BAIG 2019-CV-150

5 SAAD 2019-CV-149

6 KAMRAN KHAN 2019-CV-145

7 ALI SALJOK 2019-CV-104

8 HAMZA ALI 2019-CV-151

9 DANIYAL SHABBIR 2019-CV-118

10 WAQAR 2019-CV-146

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINNERING

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

KARACHI, PAKISTAN