CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions and

recommendations of the study based on the data analyzed in the previous

chapter. This study aimed to strengthen prevailing understanding of

contemporary flood risk and its management in Barangay Tinampo, Ligao City,

Albay. Also this study is focused on the causes, effects and solutions of flooding

in the said barangay. Specifically to answer the following questions:

1. What are the causes of flood in Barangay Tinampo, Ligao City, Albay?

2. What are the impacts of floods to the Barangay Tinampo, Ligao City,

Albay?

3. What are the possible solutions to control flood in Barangay Tinampo,

Ligao City, Albay?

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

The following were the findings of the study:

1. The causes of flood in Barangay Tinampo, Ligao City, Albay.

Based from the data gathered by the researchers, the causes of flooding

are divided into two parts. The first part was the natural elements such as the

climate, amount of rainfall, topography, elevation and soil type while the second

part was the overflowing run off from high ground parts of barangay to lower

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 grounds. There are sightings of clogged outlets in the drainage causing flood

during constant rainfall.

According to the descriptive interview, we found out that only zone 1 to 4

are affected by the flood because of their low elevations. Based on observation

and analysis of data, the location is said to be a catch basin. The flood cannot

flow freely because there’s no river that the flood can be directed to and near

irrigations in the area is higher than the flooded area.

2. The impacts of floods to the community.

According to the descriptive interview, the impacts of flooding to the

community are damage to properties amounting from 5000Php to 10000Php,

destruction of crops and risks of health issues. One of the most significant

impacts is the damage to, and destruction of, homes and personal belongings.

Also, roads and canals are being damaged by the flood due to strong current

flow of flood. Including monetary concern, the community is affected because of

the damaged properties that need to be repaired including their personal

properties. The farmers in the location are also affected because of the flood.

These impacts can cause great emotional stress and financial loss to farmers.

Since the road is elevated, during flood, the canals and roads overflows and

destroys the crops in the location. Flood brings skin diseases and illnesses with

it. Floods can also traumatize victims and their families for long period of time.

The higher the flood goes, the higher the risks in health. Finally, flooding can

have social impacts on a community causing sporting events and festivals to be

cancelled.

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3. The possible solutions to control flood in Barangay Tinampo, Ligao City,

Albay.

Through the study, the researchers gathered different ideas to improve the

condition of the flooding problem in Barangay Tinampo Ligao City. The first idea

is a natural way such as planting more trees and clearing of obstructions and

declogging of the canals and drainage system. Due to observation, the

researchers come-up with this idea due to lack of trees to absorb the runoffs and

lessen the flow through the canals and drainages.

Since rain fall and topographic are constant variable, the second idea is to

build flood barriers to every house to avoid the flood to enter to their properties.

This idea is based on the data gathered from the local government to help the

community to avoid damages or destructions to their properties and especially to

avoid diseases from flood water.

The third idea is to increase the parameters of canals and drainages of the

study area to lessen the overflowing of water in the canals or drainages, this idea

is based on the observation of the researchers because of the small parameters

of canals in their study area.

The fourth idea is to further structures and innovations might improve the

mitigation of flooding in the area such as pumping stations, application of gates in

outlets and new technologies from other countries. The local government of

Ligao City and Barangay should further enforce proper waste disposal.

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 The last idea is to conduct more flood control projects that will channel the

flood to the nearest river system to the location since the barangay has no river

system.

CONCLUSION

Based from the findings of the study, the researchers therefore conclude:

1) Only zone 1 to 4 have a big problem concerning flood. Rain water comes from

the elevated areas or high lands of barangay that flows through the uncemented

canals causing some mud slums that clogs the canals and drainages along the

road of the study area. The drainage system was not properly maintained and it

needs to be facilitated. The barangay needs declogging of outlets and clearing of

obstructions so that the rainwater will be able to flow freely. 2) Barangay

Tinampo being a rural area, the population also grows quickly which also

accumulates human activities as well as waste in the area. Proper waste

disposal must be observed by the local residents and strongly enforced by the

barangay officials. 3) Since the location is far from rivers and streams and the

elevation of the location is lower than the surrounding barangays, planning and

more mitigating solutions must be implemented. 4) Much further study is needed

to be able to completely stop the flood in Barangay Tinampo which is at present

is practically impossible but there are lot of ways to minimize and further improve

the condition of it regarding flood. 5) Since the impacts climate change are

observed all over the world, the barangay must improve its ability to adapt to

impacts of climate change.

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RECOMMENDATIONS

In view of the findings of the study, the researchers present the following

recommendations:

For Future Researchers

 Search for a longer time period to be able to capture more data and

information necessary to best stop the flooding in barangay Tinampo.

 Since this study focuses in finding solutions, design a flood control system

that can channel to the nearest river system with complete specification

and location.

 Possible cost of the flood control system projects that will be implemented.

For Further Studies

 Compute for the costs of damages caused by floods to the community.

 Since the possible location where to construct the flood control project that

will channel the flood to the nearest river system are private properties,

the Government should negotiate with the owners of the properties.

 The development of the response and recovery plans must be integrated

and precised.

 The barangay must improve its funding for disaster risk reduction activities

especially for flood damages.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Published Works

Mwango (June 2010). Community Traditional Knowledge, Perceptions and

Response to Floods Risks in Nyando Basin, Western Kenya.

Eleutério (May 2013). Flood Risks Analysis: Impact of Uncertainty in Hazard

Modelling and Vulnerability Assessments on Damage Estimations.

Internet

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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278968140_A_Study_on_Flood_Contro

l_System_Introducing_Storage_Tank_in_Manila_City_Hall_Area

http://www.daijiworld.com/news/newsDisplay.aspx?newsID=525048

https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/flood

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www.dictionary.com/browse/overflow

www.dictionary.com/browse/rainfall

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https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/typhoon

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rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiPs7m_3eTfAhUMQI8KHSFtBFwQFjAAegQIChAB&u

rl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F221927246_Sust

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https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/scitech/technology/247937/wb-phl-gov-t-

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 Interview Questionnaires

How often do you think about floods?

What are the effects of flooding?

What are the factors that contribute to these flood disasters in your area?

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What are the most common ways of avoiding negative effects flood risks? (Preparation)

What are the most common ways of dealing with floods?

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I am now going to read out the following statements and would like you to tell me to what
extent you agree or disagree with them.

Have you experienced floods in your life time?

Did your family experience any damage to shelter?

How much is the estimated cost of damages in your properties?

a. 0 Php - 5000 Php

b. 5000 Php – 10000 Php
c. 10000 Php – 20000 Php
d. More than 20000 Php

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How did you deal with the damage?

Did your family experience loss of crops in the field?

How did you cope with the loss?

Did your family experience loss of livestock?

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How did you cope with the loss?

Did your family experience any diseases that were more prevalent during the flood
times?

If yes, what diseases?

How did you deal with the diseases?

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Was schooling interrupted during the floods?

How did you deal with the situation?

Generally, how effective is your household response in dealing with negative flood effects

How can your responses be improved?

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What plans do you have to deal with future floods?

Did your household receive any help during the flood times?

Where did the help come from?

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What kind of external assistance did you receive?

To what extent can you cope without external assistance?

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