Chapter 1: The Problem and the Review of Related Literature and Studies

Introduction

Social Media is defined as the collection of various online channels that are created for the
purpose of having communication and focuses more in interaction, content-sharing and
collaboration (Rouse, 2016). Nations (2018) stated that social media are web-based
communication instruments that lets the people socialize with one another by both sharing and
receiving information. This is a phrase that is commonly used by people to describe posts and other
activities done on sites and applications like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat and others.
According to Hudson (2018), social media pertains to the websites and applications that are created
to let the users share content quickly, efficiently and in real-time. Many people describe this as the
applications on their cellphones or tablets, but the truth is, this communication medium began with
computers.

Review of Related Literature

(Insert INTRODUCTION of the RRL)

Social Media

De La Cruz (2017) stated that social media brings along disadvantages to students because
instead of reading and applying what they have learned, they kill time through chatting and
scanning stories found online. Students use their gadgets and visits social media sites without
focusing on their studies and without gathering useful information from these. Moreover, students
are becoming introverts due to the frequent online communication but rare personal conversations.

According to Ali (2015), the use of social media sites could lead to addiction, diverted
attention and even lessens the motivational degree of the adolescents and students. Moreover, the
sharing of explicit images might greatly affect the behavior of kids and teenagers as they might
engage in crimes akin to these. In addition, the excessive sharing of information online might
gather threats which may cause danger.

1
Social Networking Sites

The dependence of the modern day students on the data found on social networking sites
lowers the concentration in gaining knowledge and in preserving information. The use of these
lowers the attention span of the students because they tend to multitask in visiting various sites
while studying. Furthermore, this also serves as a distraction that decreases the student’s ability to
finish tasks on time (Armstrong, 2012).

Armstrong (2012) mentioned that the fast publication of information is one of the reasons
why these sites have become renowned in just a short period of time. Due to this, there is a decrease
in the students’ knowledge when it comes to grammar and proper spelling. This resulted to the
students’ incapability of writing efficiently without the help of the spell check feature of gadgets.

Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) Students

According to Hutt (2017), the internet communication has the authority to cause
destruction among things and pain to people. This can cause privacy issues like hacking that can
make the people troubled. Also, the emergence of this can cause overruling of cultures wherein a
culture can dominate or influence other people from other cultures to adopt their culture.

Cyberbullying, stalking and other crimes such as identity theft, hacking and cheating are
not uncommon when one uses internet communication sites or the internet. In addition, this can
cause depression among the users who tend to see best parts of other’s lives, making the user
wonder about his or her life. Too much use of these sites can also cause unhealthy way of living
and can cause health problems such as obesity (Computer Hope, 2018).

(Insert CONCLUSION of the RRL)

Review of Related Studies

(Insert INTRODUCTION of the RRS)

Social Media

Social media has disadvantages that can affect the user’s education, business, society, as
well as the teenagers. The spreading of fake data and wrong promotions through social media sites

2
might result to failure in the education system and in the world of business. Furthermore, the use
of theses can intrude other people’s privacy and can also sway the youth to engage in nonsensical
and rebellious acts (Singh and Siddiqui, 2016).

Abed, Ahmed, Ahmed and Hassoon (2016) said that false information may diffuse through
social media or networking sites and may cause misinformation in the community. In addition,
Cyberbullying is very widespread and considered as a growing problem in the society. This
involves posting of inappropriate things that may ruin a person’s name and dignity.

Social Networking Sites

According to Jalal and Zaidieh (2012), the use of social networking sites gives off
challenges to its users that might affect the user’s education. Through these sites, users have the
chance to gain many friends but this kind of friendships does not last long because people behind
their social media accounts are not always true, honest and reliable. The use of these sites might
weaken the immune levels and can affect the way our genes function in our bodies.

Social networking sites have downsides to its users. Too much use of the internet and some
social networking sites could lead to addiction which may later on cause health issues. Moreover,
one of the major problems caused by the use of theses is identity theft wherein one’s identity is
claimed and used by another person (Abdulahi, Gharleghi and Samadi, 2014).

Grade 11 Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) Students

Brändström (2011) declared that it is hard to search for correct data on the internet because
of biased information. Furthermore, cheating among students has become expansive due to the use
of the internet. Students find it hard to refrain from copying texts without citing sources.

According to Brändström (2011), the youth spend too much time in cyberspace and
therefore causes distraction because the students find it tough to be focused on their work. Students
might engage in sites like Facebook. This takes away the student’s concentration from studying.

(Insert CONCLUSION of the RRS)

3
Theoretical Framework

(Insert THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK)

Conceptual Framework

(Insert CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK)

Statement of the Problem

The main objective of this research is to understand the disadvantages of social media
among Grade 11 students of First City Providential College.

Specifically, this study aims to:

1. determine the disadvantages of social media among Grade 11 students of First City
Providential College;
2. evaluate the downsides of social networking sites among Grade 11 students of First
City Providential College; and
3. discover the negativities of internet communication among Grade 11 students of
First City Providential College.

Significance of the Study

(Insert SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY following the TEMPLATE)

Scope and Limitations

This study covers the (Insert WORKING TITLE). However, it will not tackle (Insert
WHAT CLOSELY RELATED CONCEPT WILL NOT BE TACKLED). With limited sources
and scope, this study is bounded to achieve its goals with the help of (Insert HOW MANY
RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE SAMPLING METHOD) respondents- (Insert WHO ARE
THE SPECIFIC TARGET RESPONDENTS) - from First City Providential College, located at
Barangay Narra, Francisco Homes, City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan. The survey was
conducted last September 2019.

4
Definition of Terms

addiction- is a strong and harmful need to regularly have something or do something

communication- is the act or process of using words, sounds, signs or behaviors to express or
exchange information or to express your ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc., to someone else

cyberbullying- is the electronic posting of mean-spirited messages about a person (as a student)
often done anonymously

disadvantage- is something that causes difficulty or something that makes someone or

something worse or less likely to succeed than others

Internet- is an electronic communications network that connects computer networks and

organizational computer facilities around the world

social media- are forms of electronic communications (such as Web sites) through which
people create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, etc.

5
 Chapter 2: Method

Methodology

The methodology section of this paper is all about the research design used in this study.
In addition, this section also discusses the research setting and the respondents of the study. Lastly,
the details regarding the data gathering procedure, instrument, and statistical treatment were
included as well in the section of this paper.

Research Design

A descriptive study about the (Insert WORKING TITLE WITHOUT THE

RESPONDENTS AND SETTING), which is a quantitative type of research, was used in this
study. This research design was used because it describes what exists regarding the (Insert FULL
WORKING TITLE). It also gives general overview as to what variables are worth testing
quantitatively using different research designs in the future.

This research design also summarizes vast sources of information and applies a well-
established standard which means that the research can be replicated, analyzed, and compared with
similar studies.

Moreover, this study measures only the frequency of the respondents’ perceptions with
regards the (Insert WORKING TITLE WITHOUT THE RESPONDENTS AND SETTING).

Research Setting

This quantitative research titled “(Insert FULL WORKING TITLE FOLLOWING THE
CORRECT CAPITALIZATION)” was done in the vicinity of First City Providential College. The
stated location was determined due to the availability of the target respondents. Furthermore, it is
the most accessible location as the researcher is a student of the said institution.

Respondents of the Study

The respondents were (Insert HOW MANY RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE

SAMPLING METHOD) (Insert THE GRADE LEVEL AND STRAND OF RESPONDENTS/
OTHER DESCRIPTION OF WHO ARE THE RESPONDENTS) students of First City

6
Providential College with specific criterion of being a student of the said school. Also, they must
have common knowledge regarding (Insert IV and DV). Lastly, the respondents must be honest
when answering the survey questions. The respondents were determined through probability
sampling specifically, stratified sampling. Meanwhile, the sample size was determined through the
use of Slovin’s Formula: n= N/1+Ne2; where n=sample size, N=total population, and e=margin of
error.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher asked (Insert NUMBER OF QUESTIONS IN THE QUESTIONNAIRE)

questions to the respondents through an online survey using the Google Forms application. Each
question has its own significant means that can do profiling among the respondents and prove a
theory to the (Insert WORKING TITLE WITHOUT RESPONDENTS AND SETTING). Also, the
corresponding questions were asked to measure the frequency of the respondents’ perceptions
towards (Insert IV AND DV).

Data Gathering Instrument

The study used survey as data gathering instrument. (Insert HOW MANY QUESTIONS
WERE IN THE SURVEY) questions comprised the questionnaire which gathered the profile of
the respondents and their perceived (Insert FULL WORKING TITLE). The survey questionnaire
included (Insert the number of options given) options consolidated based on the claims of the
authors in the review of related literature and studies regarding the (Insert TITLE WITHOUT
RESPONDENTS AND SETTING).

Statistical Treatment

The collected data from the given survey questionnaire needed a statistical treatment for
data analysis and tabulation. Since the study aims to determine the categories in which the sample
fit, the formula used was: P=f/n (100); where P=percentage, f=frequency, and n=number of
respondents.

7
 Chapter 3: Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

Figure 1: Frequency Chart of the Respondents’ Grade

Level

50
Grade 11
Grade 12
70

(Insert DATA INTERPRETATION FOR FIGURE 1)

Figure 2: Frequency Chart of the Respondents from the

STEM Strand Sections
18.2
18
17.8
17.6
17.4
17.2
17
16.8
16.6
16.4
STEM 1 STEM 2 STEM 3 STEM 4 STEM 5 STEM 6 STEM 7

(Insert DATA INTERPRETATION FOR FIGURE 2)

(NOTE: ADD MORE FIGURES IF MORE THAN ONE STRAND; ADJUST THE FIGURE
NUMBERS IF SO; IT WILL BECOME FROM 2.1 AND SO ON)

8
 Figure 3: Frequency Chart of the Respondents’ Age
30

25

20

15

10

0
15 Y.O. 16 Y.O. 17 Y.O. 18 Y.O. 19 Y.O. 20 Y.O.

(Insert DATA INTERPRETATION FOR FIGURE 3)

Figure 4: Frequency Chart of the Respondents’ Sex

50
Male
Female
70

(Insert DATA INTERPRETATION FOR FIGURE 4)

9
 Figure 5: Frequency Chart of the Effects of
Tardiness to the Academic Performance as Perceived
by Senior High School Students

Absenteeism

Failing Grades

Laziness

11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5

(Insert DATA INTERPRETATION FOR FIGURE 5.)

10
 Chapter 4: Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation

Summary

(Insert SUMMARY following the TEMPLATE)

Conclusion

(Insert CONCLUSION following the TEMPLATE)

Recommendation

(Insert RECOMMENDATION following the TEMPLATE)

11
 References

Abdulahi, A., etal. (2014). A Study on the negative effects of social networking sites such as
Facebook among Asia Pacific University scholars in Malaysia. Asia Pacific University of
Technology and Innovation, Technology Park, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: International
Journal of Business and Social Science

Abed, H., etal. (2016). The Impact of Digital Communication on Social Networks: A Review.
University of Diyala, Iraq: International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile
Computing

Ali, I. (November 19, 2018). Positive and negative effects of social media on society. Retrieved
from www.techbead.com

Armstrong, S. (November 19, 2018). Negative Effects of Social Networking Sites for Students.
Retrieved from www.business2community.com

Brändström, C. (2011). Using the Internet in Education- Strengths and Weaknesses. Sweden.
Hogskolan I Gavle

Computer Hope. (November 19, 2018). What are the Disadvantages of the Internet. Retrieved
from www.computerhope.com

De La Cruz, A. (November 20, 2018). Positive and Negative Use of Social Media by Students.
Retrieved from www.blog.blogdash.com

Hudson, M. (November 13, 2018). What is Social Media. Retrieved from

www.thebalancesmb.com

Hutt, M. (November 19, 2018). Advantages and Disadvantages of Internet Communication.

Retrieved from www.eztalks.com

Jalal, A.,& Zaidieh, Y. (2012). The Use of Social Networking in Education: Challenges and
Opportunities. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: World of Computer Science and Information
Technology Journal

Nations, D. (November 13, 2018). What Is Social Media. Retrieved from www.lifewire.com

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Rouse, M. (November 13, 2018). Social Media. Retrieved from www.whatis.com

Siddiqui, S.,& Singh, T. (2016). Social Media Its Impact with Positive and Negative Aspects.
Raipur (C.G.), India: International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and
Research

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 Appendix

(Insert SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE QUESTIONS):

14