1.

Granular material of mineral composition such as sand, gravel, shell, crushed and
uncrushed stone or light weight materials
a. Aggregates b. base course c. crushed gravel d. masonry e.
NOTA
2. The layer of aggregate, soil-treated aggregate, treated soil, or soil aggregate that rests
upon the Subbase or if no Subbase, upon the sub-grade. Treatment may include
application of chemical-based soil additives such as soil-stabilizers and/or any approved
method
a. Aggregates b. base course c. crushed gravel d. masonry e.
NOTA
3. Form of stone, brick, concrete block, concrete, or other similar building materials that have
been bonded together with mortar to form a structure
a. Aggregates b. base course c. crushed gravel d. masonry e.
NOTA
4. Product resulting from the mechanical crushing of gravel, with substantially all fragments
having at least one face resulting from fracture
a. Aggregates b. base course c. crushed gravel d. masonry e.
NOTA
5. The suitable material used to replace other materials removed during construction
a. Borrow b. excavation c. backfill d. fill e. NOTA

6. The suitable material used for embankments

a. Borrow b. excavation c. backfill d. fill e. NOTA
7. Act of cutting, digging, or scooping to remove material
a. Borrow b. excavation c. backfill d. fill e. NOTA
8. The embankment material placed above natural ground line
a. Borrow b. excavation c. backfill d. fill e. NOTA
9. Structure, including supports, erected over a depression or an obstruction, such as water,
a highway, or a railway; having a roadway or track for carrying traffic or other moving
loads; and having an opening measured along the center of the roadway between faces
of abutments, spring lines of arches, or extreme ends of the opening for multiple box
culverts or multiple pipes that are 60 inches or more in diameter and that have a clear
distance between openings of not less than half of the smallest pipe diameter
a. bridge b. farm to market road c. culvert d. riprap e. NOTA
10. Drainage structure that may or may not, directly support and that extends across and beneath a
highway street, driveway, alley, arterial, or other public way

a. bridge b. farm to market road c. culvert d. riprap e. NOTA

11. Access roads that connect major road arteries to the agricultural production areas where

farm produce are being mobilized and transported to the market by the farmers and fishermen

a. bridge b. farm to market road c. culvert d. riprap e. NOTA

12. Quarried stone especially selected, graded and placed to prevent erosion and thereby preserve the
shape of a surface, slope, or underlying structure

a. bridge b. farm to market road c. culvert d. riprap e. NOTA

13. Removal and disposal of trees, vegetation or other unwanted materials from the ground surface

a. grubbing b. clearing c. salvage materials d. earthwork e. NOTA

14. Operations connected with excavating and placing embankments with soil, earth or rock

a. grubbing b. clearing c. salvage materials d. earthwork e. NOTA

15. Removal and disposal of trees, and other unwanted materials below the ground surface

a. grubbing b. clearing c. salvage materials d. earthwork e. NOTA

16. Saving of different existing materials from the projects which are removed and intended to be used in other construction

a. grubbing b. clearing c. salvage materials d. earthwork e. NOTA

17. Slope of a roadway, channel, or natural ground

a. grade b. gradation c. gradient d. grading e. NOTA

18. Preparation of the sub-grade, in line and elevation, for application of pavement materials including
base and surfacing materials

a. grade b. gradation c. gradient d. grading e. NOTA

19. Property of a soil which describes the distribution of size groups

a. grade b. gradation c. gradient d. grading e. NOTA

20. Rate of increase or decrease in the level of the land, the slope expressed in percentage

a. grade b. gradation c. gradient d. grading e. NOTA

21. Roadway, which is divided into two (2) or more clearly marked lanes for vehicular traffic

a. lane roadway b. one-lane earth road c. one-lane gravel road d. one-lane asphalt

pavement road e. one-lane concrete road

22. Concrete roadway, which one way is clearly marked lane for vehicular traffic

a. lane roadway b. one-lane earth road c. one-lane gravel road d. one-lane asphalt

pavement road e. one-lane concrete road

23. Asphalt pavement roadway, which one way is clearly marked lane for vehicular traffic
a. lane roadway b. one-lane earth road c. one-lane gravel road d. one-lane asphalt pavement

road e. one-lane concrete road

24. Earth roadway, which one way is a clearly marked lane for vehicular traffic

a. lane roadway b. one-lane earth road c. one-lane gravel road d. one-lane asphalt pavement

road e. one-lane concrete road

25. Graded portion of a highway between top and side slopes, prepared as a foundation for the pavement
structure and shoulder

a. road carriageway b. road shoulder c. roadway d. roadway embankment e. NOTA

26. Travel way or crown portion of the roadway intended for the movement of vehicles,

exclusive of shoulders

a. road carriageway b. road shoulder c. roadway d. roadway embankment e. NOTA

27. Part of the roadway next to the traveled way or auxiliary lanes that provide lateral support of base
and surface courses and is an emergency stopping area for vehicles

a. road carriageway b. road shoulder c. roadway d. roadway embankment e. NOTA

28. Raised structure of soil, soil aggregate, sand or rock

a. road carriageway b. road shoulder c. roadway d. roadway embankment e. NOTA

29. Written technical description of materials, equipment, construction systems, standards, and
workmanship that, in conjunction with the drawings, detail the requirements for acceptable completion
of the work

a. specifications b. materials takeoff c. plan d. detailed engineering design e. NOTA

30. Roadbed upon which the pavement structures is placed

a. subgrade (bituminous, concrete road) b. subgrade (gravel road) c. subgrade

(earth road) d. Subbase course e. NOTA
31. Refers to the layer of the specified or selected materials of designated thickness in a pavement structure immediately above
the sub-grade and below the base course

a. subgrade (bituminous, concrete road) b. subgrade (gravel road) c.

subgrade (earth road) d. Subbase course e. NOTA
32. Top surface of the roadbed upon which the pavement is placed

a. subgrade (bituminous, concrete road) b. subgrade (gravel road) c. subgrade

(earth road) d. Subbase course e. NOTA
33. Upper portion of material which act as foundation Subbase course
a. subgrade (bituminous, concrete road) b. subgrade (gravel road) c. subgrade
(earth road) d. Subbase course e. NOTA
34. A widened, unobstructed shoulder area, about 30 meters long, that may be used for emergency
purposes or allow slow-moving vehicles to pull out of the carriageway to give passing opportunity
to following or incoming vehicles
a. round bowl b. turn-out section c. junction area d. parking area e. NOTA
35. A turn-out in a one lane roadway of about ________ wide and 30 meters long should be provided in
critical sections especially on steep grades along mountainous areas.

a. 7-8m b. 5-6m c. 3-4m d. 1-2m e. NOTA

36. The roadway width of the one lane roadway shall be _______ including shoulders.

a. 2m b. 4m c. 6m d. 8m
37. It is preferred that the proposed roadway intersects the existing road at right angles
but angles of ______ is also acceptable.
a. 20-30O b. 30 -45o c. 45-60o d. 60-85o e. NOTA

38. The minimum road carriageway width of one-lane roadway

a. 1m b. 2m c. 3m d. 4m e. NOTA

39 The minimum road carriageway width of two-lane roadway

a. 1m b. 2m c. 3m d. 4m e. NOTA

40. For earth, gravel and bituminous roads, the minimum slope shall be ____ from the center line towards
the ditch.

a. 1.5% b. 3% c. 5% d. 7% e. NOTA
41. For concrete, the maximum slope shall be ______ from the center line towards the ditch.
a. 1.5% b. 3% c. 5% d. 7% e. NOTA
42. For earth, gravel and bituminous roads, the road carriageway shall be constructed with

a. aggregate subbase course b. aggregate base course c. crushed gravel d. masonry

e. NOTA

43. For concrete, the road carriageway shall be constructed with

a. aggregate subbase course b. aggregate base course c. crushed gravel d. masonry

e. NOTA

44. The minimum road shoulder width shall be

a. 1.0m b. 1.5m c. 2m d. 2.5m e. NOTA
45. Road shoulder should be filled with borrow and compacted to atleast
a. 75% b. 85% c. 95% d. 100% e. NOTA
46. The maximum slope of road shoulder shall be ____ from the edge of the road
carriageway.
a. 2% b. 4% c. 6% d. 2.5% e. NOTA
47. In lateral and sub-lateral canal where the available roadway width is 3 meters, the carriageway width
shall be

a. 0.5m b. 2m c. 1m d. 4m e. NOTA

48. In lateral and sub-lateral canal where the available roadway width is 3 meters, the shoulder width shall
be

a. 0.5m b. 2m c. 1m d. 4m e. NOTA

49. In lateral and sub-lateral canal where the available roadway width is 4 meters, the shoulder width shall
be

a. 0.5m b. 2m c. 1m d. 4m e. NOTA

50. In main canal where the available roadway width is 6 meters, the carriageway width shall be

a. 0.5m b. 2m c. 1m d. 4m e. NOTA

51. In main canal where the available roadway width is 6 meters, the minimum shoulder width shall be

a. 0.5m b. 2m c. 1m d. 4m e. NOTA

52. The centerline of the roadway shall be the

a. lowest point b. level c. highest point d. inclined e. NOTA

53. The recommended embankment height in the roadway shall not exceed

a. 25cm from the original ground b. 35cm from the original ground c. 50cm from the
original ground d. 75cm from the original ground e. NOTA

54. The minimum radius design for curvature in flat terrain

a. 50m b. 150m c. 250m d. 500m e. NOTA

55. The minimum radius design for curvature in rolling terrain
a. 50m b. 150m c. 250m d. 500m e. NOTA
56. The minimum radius design for curvature in mountainous terrain
a. 50m b. 150m c. 250m d. 500m e. NOTA
57. Avoid minimum radius at the beginning and end of all straight sections with a length of more
than ______ and or isolated curves.
a. 2km b. 5km c. 7km d. 9km e. NOTA

58. Roadway visibility shall range from ______ for roadway with a speed not exceeding 32

kph speed limit

a. 320km b. 120km c. 40km d. 60km e. NOTA

59. Roadway visibility shall range from ______ for roadway with a speed not exceeding 96

kph speed limit

a. 320km b. 120km c. 40km d. 60km e. NOTA

60. The maximum longitudinal roadway slope in rolling terrain with maximum length of 300 meters.

a. 12% b. 12o c. 10% d. 10o e. NOTA

61. The maximum longitudinal roadway slope in mountainous terrain with maximum length of 300
meters.

a. 12% b. 12o c. 10% d. 10o e. NOTA

62. The maximum side slope of the roadway shall be

a. 2:1 b. 3:1 c. 4:1 d. 6:1 e. NOTA

63. The normal side slope of the roadway shall be

a. 2:1 b. 3:1 c. 4:1 d. 6:1 e. NOTA

64. The cross fall or crown shall be

a. 0.5-1% b. 1-1.5% c. 1.5 – 2.0% d. 2-3% e. NOTA

65. Removal of undisturbed stumps and roots and nonperishable solid objects with a depth of _____
below sub-grade for slope of embankments will not be required.

a. 1m b. 2m c. 3m d. 5m e. NOTA

66. In areas outside the grading limits of cut and embankment areas, stumps and nonperishable solid
objects shall be cut off not more than __________ above the ground line or low water level.

a. 50mm b. 100mm c. 150mm d. 200mm e. NOTA

67. For selective area clearing the diameter of tree will be measured at the height of 1.4 meters above the
ground. Trees less than _______ in diameter will not be measured for payment.

a. 50mm b. 100mm c. 150mm d. 200mm e. NOTA

68. Consist of the removal and disposal of deposits of saturated or unsaturated mixtures of soils and
organic matter not suitable for foundation material regardless of the moisture content.

a. rock excavation b. muck excavation c. common excavation d. unclassified excavation

e. borrow excavation
69. Consist of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks which cannot be excavated without blasting
or the use of rippers, and all boulders or other detached stones each having a volume of one (1) cubic
meter or more as determined by physical measurements or visually by the Engineer

a. rock excavation b. muck excavation c. common excavation d. unclassified excavation

e. borrow excavation

70. Consist of all excavations not included in the Bill of Quantities under “rock excavation” or other pay
items

a. rock excavation b. muck excavation c. common excavation d. unclassified excavation

e. borrow excavation

71. Consist of the excavation and disposal of all materials regardless of its nature, not classified and
included in the Bill of Quantities under other pay items

a. rock excavation b. muck excavation c. common excavation d. unclassified excavation

e. borrow excavation

72. Consist of the excavation and utilization of approved material required for the construction of
embankment as for other portions of the work, and shall be obtained from approved sources,

a. rock excavation b. muck excavation c. common excavation d. unclassified excavation

e. borrow excavation

73. Roadbed level excavation of rock shall be excavated to a depth of ________ below subgrade within
the limits of the roadbed, and the excavation backfilled with material designated on the Plans or approved
by the Engineer and compacted to the required density.

a. 50mm b. 100mm c. 150mm d. 200mm e. NOTA

74. Embankment shall be constructed of suitable materials which is acceptable in accordance with the
contract and which can be compacted in the manner. If common material or rock, selected borrow for
topping soil of such gradation shows that all particles will pass a sieve with 75 mm (3 inches) square
openings and not more than 15 percent of the mass will pass the sieve no. _____ as determined by
AASHTO T 11 .

a. Sieve #100 b. Sieve #150 c. Sieve #200 d. Sieve #300 e. NOTA

75. The material stated in problem # 74 shall have a plasticity index of not more than ______ as
determined by AASHTO T 90

a. 6 b. 8 c. 10 d. 30 e. NOTA

76. The material stated in problem # 74 shall have a liquid limit of not more than _____ as determined by
AASHTO T 89

a. 6 b. 8 c. 80 d. 30 e. NOTA

77. Unsuitable material for embankment has a liquid limit exceeding

a. 6 b. 8 c. 80 d. 30 e. NOTA
78. Unsuitable material for embankment has a plasticity index exceeding

a. 80 b. 30 c. 55 d. 95 e. NOTA

79. Unsuitable material for embankment like soil with a natural water content exceeding

a. 55% b. 80% c. 95% d. 100% e. NOTA

80. Unsuitable material for embankment like soil with low natural density less than

a. 800 kg/m3 b. 1000 kg/m3 c. 1500 kg/m3 d. 1800 kg/m3 e. NOTA

81. Wherever a compacted road surface containing granular materials lies within 900 mm (36 inches) of
the sub-grade, such old road surface shall be scarified to a depth of at least ________ wherever directed
by the engineer.

a. 100mm b. 150mm c. 200mm d. 600mm e. NOTA

82. Roadway embankment of earth material shall be placed in horizontal layers not exceeding _________,
loose measurement, and shall be compacted as specified before the next layer is placed

a. 100mm b. 150mm c. 200mm d. 600mm e. NOTA

83. When embankment is to be constructed across low swampy ground that will not support the mass of
trucks or other hauling equipment, the upper part of the fill may be constructed by dumping successive
loads in a uniformly distributed layer of a thickness not greater than the necessary to support hauling
equipment while placing subsequent layers. Is the above statement is

a. false b. true c. partially true d. partially false e. NOTA

84. When excavated material contains more than 25 mass percent of rock larger than 150 mm in greatest
diameter and cannot be placed in layers of the thickness prescribed without crushing, pulverizing or
further breaking down in pieces resulting from execution methods, such materials may be placed on the
embankment in layer not exceeding in thickness the appropriate average size of the larger rocks, but not
greater than _________.

a. 100mm b. 150mm c. 1200mm d. 600mm e. NOTA

85. Excavation areas and borrow pits may be pre-watered before excavating the material. When pre-
watering is used, the areas to be excavated shall be moistened to the _______, from the surface to the
bottom of excavation.

a. ¼ of the depth b. 1/2 of the depth c. 3/4 of the depth d. full depth e. NOTA

86. Placing of individual rocks and boulders greater than 600 mm in diameter will be permitted provided
that when placed, they do not exceed _________ in height and provided they are carefully distributed,
with the interstices filled with finer material to form a dense and compact mass.

a. 100mm b. 150mm c. 1200mm d. 600mm e. NOTA

87. The contractor shall carry out full scale compaction trials on areas not less than ________ wide and
________ long as required by the Engineer
a. 10m by 50m b. 20m by 40m c. 30m by 60m d. 40m by 80m e. NOTA

88. In earth compaction at least one group of three in-situ density test shall be carried out for each
_______ of each layer of compacted fill.

a. 250m2 b. 500m2 c. 750m2 d. 1000m2 e. NOTA

89. In earth compaction based on 1995 DPWH Standard Specification for Bridges and Airports, Volume II
the minimum number of passes is

a. 1 pass b. 2 passes c. 3 passes d. 5 passes e. NOTA

90. Consists of authorized hauling in excess of the free-haul distance

a. labor b. overhaul c. over dumping d. under haul e. NOTA