Pronouns

(Đại từ là từ thay thế cho danh từ.)

Subject Object Possessive Possessive Reflexive

Pronouns Pronouns adjective (Tính Pronouns Pronouns
(Đại từ chỉ định) (Đại từ tân ngữ) từ sở hữu) (Đại từ sở hữu) (Đại từ phản thân)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
I My
You Your
SINGULAR
He His
(Số ít)
She Her
It Its
We Our
PLURAL
You Your
(Sô nhiều)
They Their
* CÁCH SỬ DỤNG:

- Cột 1 (Đại từ chỉ định: I/you/he/she/it): Có thể là chủ ngữ của động từ (Đứng trước động từ làm Chủ Ngữ)
Vídụ: They have lived here for 3 years. (Họ đã sống ở đây được 3 năm rồi.)

- Cột 2 (Đại từ tân ngữ: me/you/him/her/it):

==> Tân ngữ là đối tượng _________tác động của _________
+ Tân ngữ có thể là tân ngữ trực tiếp của động từ.
Vídụ: I like it. (Tôi thích nó)
+ Tân ngữ có thể là tân ngữ gián tiếp của động từ.
Vídụ: Kate gives me some money (Kate đưa cho tôi ít tiền)
+ Tân ngữ có thể là tân ngữ của giới từ:
Vídụ: We could do it without them. (Không cóhọ chúng tôi cũng cóthể làm được việc đó).

- Cột 3 (Tính từ sở hữu: my/your/his/her/its/our/their/): TTSH + ______

Ví dụ: Please submit your application (Làm ơn hãy nộp đơn xin việc của bạn)

- Cột 4 (Đại từ sở hữu: mine/yours/hers/his”/ours/ yours/ theirs/its”): ĐTSH = ________ + ________

==> THAY THẾ CHO _____________ NÀO ĐÓ ĐÃ NHẮC ĐẾN PHÍA TRƯỚC

Vídụ: This is our room = this is ours. (Đây làphòng của chúng tôi)

- Cột 5 (Đại từ phản thân: myself/yourself/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves):

+ Đại từ phản thân làm tân ngữ của động từ khi chủ ngữ và tân ngữ là ________________
Vídụ: I cut myself. (Tự tôi cắt)

+ Đại từ phản thân được sử dụng như trường hợp trên sau động từ + giớitừ:
Vídụ: He spoke to himself. (Anh ấy tự nhủ)
Look after yourself. (Hãy tự chăm sóc bản thân)

+ Đại từ phản thân được sử dụng như các đại từ nhấn mạnh danh từ (ngay sau danh từ / đại từ)
Vídụ: I myself cut my hand (Chính tay tôi đã cắt tay của tôi)
I saw Tom himself. (Tôi đã nhìn thấy đích thị làTom)

+ Đại từ phản thân được sử dụng như các tân ngữ sau giới từ:
Vídụ: I did it by myself. ( Tự tôi đã mua nó)
A. CÁCH LÀM BÀI TẬP

- Giới từ + TTSH + N/Cụm N

- On/of TTSH + own/Behalf (VD: on your/their own/behalf)

==> On TTSH Behalf: Thay mặt

- by ĐTPT (VD: by themselves/yourselves/himself)

- TTSH own N (VD: her/your own business)

- in order for + Tân ngữ (VD: in order for them/him)

- familiar ĐTPT/TÂN NGỮ with (VD: familiar himself/him with)

- protect ĐTPT/TÂN NGỮ from/against (VD: protect you/yourself from/against)

- prove ĐTPT (VD: prove itself)
- show ĐTPT (VD: show itself)

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH THƯỜNG ĐÚNG 80 90%: Trong đáp án mà băn khoăn giữa TÂN NGỮ vàĐTPT (sau
khi đã loại được TTSH vàCHỦ NGỮ rồi)
==> Xem trong câu có bao nhiêu N chỉ người:
+ Nếu trong câu có 2 N chỉ người ==> Chọn _______________
+ Nếu trong câu có 1 N chỉ người ==> Chọn ngay ___________
B. BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG:
1. Ms. Kim asks that the marketing team e-mail the final draft to ------- before 5 p.m.
(A) her
(B) she
(C) hers
(D) herself

2. As demand for ----- -- wheat-based products falls, local producers earn less and the total income of the country
declines.
(A) they
(B) their
(C) themselves
(D) theirs

3. The company is experiencing significant growth and is looking to add a new member to ----- -- staff immediately.
(A) they
(B) them
(C) their
(D) themselves

4. Travelers are advised to send ------- requests for which room they would like at the hotel as soon as possible.
(A) themselves
(B) they
(C) their
(D) them

5. Ms. Miriam is getting ready to go on ------- business trip to Japan.

(A) her
(B) hers
(C) herself
(D) she

6. Don’t hesitate to approach Mr. Yennings if you would like to ask ------- about the upcoming conference.
(A) he
(B) his
(C) him
(D) himself

7. Three weeks after Ms. Kanes was hired , ------- had to move to Singapore.
(A) she
(B) hers
(C) herself
(D) her own

8. The report shows that builders reserve the right to control the volume of the construction project on……… own.
(A) their
(B) theirs
(C) they
(D) them

9. Drivers are asked to park their cars by ------ rather than using a valet parking system
(A) they
(B) their
(C) them
(D) themselves
10. Dr. Elizabeth Kay was by ….. until the arrival of Dr. Ian DeSilva at 8:30 a.m.
(A) her
(B) herself
(C) she
(D) hers

11. Those who have questions concerning fringe benefits are advised to consult ------ employee handbook.
(A) their
(B) they
(C) themselves
(D) theirs

12. Mr. Kun Spenza appears to be the only person in our team who can finish the survey by ......................
A. he
B.him
C. his
C. himself

13. It seems that laborers in underdeveloped countries would rather have their children help................................at
work than enroll them in school.
A. they
B. them
C.themselves
D. their

14. Thank you for offering me a position with the company I wish to work for, and I really appreciate the efforts
you’ve made on--------behalf.
(A) I
(B) my
(C) me
(D) mine

15 Considering the failure of .............system to other adequate support, we might have to provide refunds to
our customers.
A. us
B.ous
C.ourselvs
D.our

16. Our skilled and expertenced service representatives will be able to resolve any problems you might
encounter by.....................
A. himself
B. herself
C. itself
D. themselves

17. Ms. Cordova was struggling to successfully complete the task assigned to her by ------
(A) herself
(B) he
(C) hers
(D) she

18. Most of the employees are entitled to a maximum of one hour for a lunch break, depending on… assigned
work schedule.
(A) ours
(B) their
(C) theirs
(D) ourselves

19. The report shows that builders reserve the right to control the volume of the construction project on……… own.
(A) their
(B) theirs
(C) they
(D) them

20. The company is going to carry out the proposal based on the information provided in your letter of intent, so
please submit …………application under this note.
(A) you
(B) your
(C) yourself
(D) yours

21. As soon as the shipment of computer equipment comes in, …….will ship it to you promptly.
(A) we
(B) us
(C) our
(D) ourselves

22. The head of the marketing attributed success in the overseas market to ……. motivated and hard-
working employees.
(A) them
(B) they
(C) itself
(D) its

23. ------ habitually answers incoming phone calls and signs for packages while in the office.
(A) She
(B) Her
(C) Hers
(D) Herself

23. Drivers are required to carry ------ liability insurance policy at all times in their cars in case of an accident.
(A) their
(B) theirs Toeic
(C) they
(D) themselves

24. PT Electronics has proved………capable of achieving impressive revenues just in the first quarter.
(A) it
(B) themselves
(C) those
(D) itself

25. In order for ----- -- to provide the necessary benefits, dentists associated with the university’s insurance
policies must be shown a valid student ID card.
(A) those
(B) them
(C) their
(D) that

26. Mr. Whatley unintentionally took Ms. Potvin’s timetable, thinking it was…..
(A) him
(B) himself
(C) his
(D) he

27. When interviewed, Beverley Kirkpatrick explained that an inquisitive as a child made ------ interested in studying
journalism.
(A) she
(B) her
(C) hers
(D) herself

28. Even with our detailed website, many customers prefer to visit our store locations and see the products for ------
(A) they
(B) their
(C) theirs
(D) themselves

29. The Blackwell KV, part of our newest series of headphones, is the most advanced model of ------- kind.
(A) its
(B) our
(C) your
(D) their

30. It is a common misconception that running anti-virus software programs and keeping them up to date is enough to
protect ------- from viruses.
(A) your
(B) yours
(C) you
(D) you're

31. The two divisions have unveiled ------- plan to set aside millions of dollars to invest in a very lucrative field.
(A) they
(B) them
(C) their
(D) those

32. This plan outlines the topics ------- plan to discuss at this afternoon’s staff meeting.
(A) my
(B) me
(C) I
(D) mine

33. Since she’s running late for ------- meeting downtown, Ms. Joyce will have to catch a taxi.
(A) she
(B) her
(C) hers
(D) herself
 SỰ HÒA HỢP GIỮA CHỦ NGỮ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ

1. .............. + GIỚI TỪ + ............. + ............-chia theo ..............

Vd: - The man with golden rings is very rich

2. BOTH + .............. + AND + .............. + .............. -chia theo ..............

Vd: Both she and he are stupid

3. EITHER + .............. + OR + .............. + .............. chia theo ..............

Vd: Either you or she is wrong

4. NEITHER + .............. + NOR + .............. + ..............-chia theo ..............

Vd: Neither he nor his friends like her

5. NOT ONLY + .............. + BUT (ALSO) + .............. + ..............-chia theo ..............

Vd: - Not only the teacher but also the students were shocked

6. ............................ Ở ĐẦU CÂU + ..............-chia theo ..............

Vd: Cooking is her hobby

7. ............................ làm chủ ngữ + ..............-chia theo ..............

Vd: - To become a good player needs a great effort.

8. Cấu trúc: THERE + BE (có cái gì): BE chia theo .............. đứng .............. nó.
Vd: - There was an accident in the street last night
- There have been some serious criminal cases recently
* CHÚ Ý:
9. THE + ......................... - để chỉ ....................... cótí
nh chất của Tính từ đó + .............. -chia theo .............. .
(The rich, the poor, the young, the elderly, the wounded..... )
Vd: - The rich have a lot of money.
- The young are protesting the new policy

10. đại từ bất định ĐƯỢC COI LÀ chủ ngữ ..............

- Something, Anything, Everything, Nothing
- Someone/ Somebody, Anyone/ Anybody, Everyone/Everybody
Vd: - Everyone is ready (tất cả mọi người đã sẵn sàng)

11. NUMBER OF + ..............

* A NUMBER OF (=..............) + N(.............. ) + .............. -chia theo ..............
Vd:
- A number of bees are flying

* THE NUMBER OF + N(............................) + ..............-chia theo ............................

Vd:
- The number of bees is increasing

12. V SAU đại từ quan hệ WHICH, WHO, THAT.... CHIA THEO ..........................................
Vd:
- The girl who lives here is beautiful

- Phones which have internet connection are expensive.

13. đơn vị đo lường, tiền tệ, thời gian.....DÙNG ĐỂ nói chung chung THÌCOI LÀ ........................................
Vd:
- One thousand dollars is a big sum of money

- Five hundred kilimetres makes us tired

14. TÍNH TỪ, ĐẠI TỪ CHỈ SỐ
LƯỢNG: ...................................................................................................................................... + .............. + V- chia
theo ..............

=> N sau chúng là........................................................ + V- chia theo số nhiều

Vd: - Some of the ducks are grey. (vài con vịt thì màu xám)
=> N sau chúng là.................................................................................................. + V- chia theo số ít
- All of the water is blue.

* PHÂN SỐ CŨNG THUỘC DẠNG TRÊN:

Vd: - Two-thirds of the houses have been destroyed
- Two-thirds of the house is painted with red.

15. NONE + OF + ..............:

* NONE + OF + ............................ + V-chia theo ..............
Vd:
- None of the coffee is drinkable.

* NONE + OF + .......................................... + V-chia theo ..........................................

Vd:
- None of your friends is/ are good

* NO + (..............) + ..............
* NOT: Đứng sau .............. hoặc trong ............................

16. EACH/EVERY + OF + ............................ + N- .......................................... + V-chia theo ............................:

Vd:
- Each/Every of the tests is prepared carefully

* EACH/EVERY + N(............................) + V-chia theo ............................

Each/Every room has a number

17. PHÉP TÍNH GIỮA CÁC CON SỐ (phép CỘNG thường dùng AND) LUÔN COI LÀ ............................
Vd:
- Five and five is/ makes ten. (5 với 5 là 10)
18. CÁC DANH TỪ TẬP HỢP (FAMILY, GROUP, TEAM, MAJORITY,...) CÓ THỂ COI LÀ
N-SỐ ÍT HOẶC SỐ NHIỀU
Vd: - My family likes/ like sports (gia đình tao thích thể thao)
+ Nếu số ít: ..............................................................................................................................

+ Nếu số nhiều: ............................................................................................................................................

* THE POLICE / CHILDREN LUÔN LUÔN ĐƯỢC COI LÀ N .............................

Vd: - The police are coming here. (cảnh sát đang tới đây)

19. ........................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................

- Physics
- Mathematics/ Mathsmeasles
- Mumps
- The United States
- News
Vd:
- Mumps is a dangerous disease.

- The United States is large.

20. MEANS vàSPECIES - CÓ DẠNG SỐ ÍT VÀ SỐ NHIỀU ..........................................

Vd:
- There is only one means of transport in the village.

- How many means of transport are there in the city?

CHIA ĐỘNG TỪ
1. Looking after children always (make) her tired
2. Neither the officer nor the soldiers (left) the base yet.
3. To go through the forest alone often (require) a great bravery.
4. Children in the orphanage (play) with new toys at 8 p.m yesterday.
5. Both Jack and his uncle (dig) a pond at the moment.
6. The unemployed (be) able to find some jobs recently.
7. Either I or he (be) mistaken last night
8. Reading too many books sometimes (confuse) me.
9. There (be) a lot of men and ladies of the upper class in the party last week.
10. The girl among flowers (look) very beautiful.

1. The number of K-Pop fans (increase) recently

2. Three hours (be) too long for you to complete this task last night.
3. Everything (go) well since the new manager came.
4. All of the sugar (already change) colour.
5. I think One-fifths of the soldiers (be) under the age of 25.
6. Measles (often find) on children.
7. A number of elephants (attack) the corn field now
8. We would like to meet the writer who (write) this novel at present.
9. The police (not catch) the thief yet.
10. A lot of dogs (bite) the bag of corn for an hour.
 BÀI TẬP VỀ TỪ LOẠI CHUYÊN ĐỀ TOEIC II

1. The park service asks visitors to behave C. recognizable

_________ and show respect for wildlife. D. recognizably
A. responsibly
B. responsible 7. Many environmental analysts recommend that
C. responsibility nations reduce their __________ on non-
D. responsibilities renewable energy sources.
A. dependently
2. The _______ of Board of Directors is B. dependence
scheduled for Monday. C. dependent
A. election D. depend
B. elected
C. elects 8. A particularly _________ drawback of this
D. electable book is the almost complete lack of useful
illustrations or tables.
3. In order to suppress harmful insects and A. frustrating
weeds, garden maintenance companies must B. frustratingly
choose the right products and apply them ______ C. frustrated
A. correction D. frustration
B. correctly
C. corrected 9. The general manager has ______ that any
D. correcting information customers enter be used only to
respond to their inquiries and requests.
4. The CEO will use her __________ in A. suggested
determining how the reorganization of the B. suggesting
company will be conducted. C. suggest
A. discretionary D. suggestion
B. discrete
C. discretely 10. Additional information on _______ financial
D. discretion aid such as grants and scholarships can be
obtained from career offices at each university.
5. ________ by the audience’s positive reaction A. extend
to its music, the Gary Jones played well past B. extensive
midnight. C. extent
A. Delighted D. extension
B. Delightedly
C. Delightful 11. _________ for reconstruction contracts has
D. Delight been getting stiffer over the years since it can
generate enormously lucrative earnings.
6. The young fashion designer wanted to create A. Competitively
dress styles ___________ different from those of B. Competition
her contemporaries. C. Competitive
A. recognize D. Competes
B. recognizing
 employers, without being too ________ or
12. The general hospital was able to improve boring.
patient care significantly without hiring more A. repeating
staff by _________ in a new information system. B. repetitive
A. invests C. repetition
B. invested D. repeat
C. investing
D. invest 18. All the terms of the agreement must be clear
so that the meaning and intent won’t be _______
13. Our experienced and skilled technicians can by either party.
be of much help in the event that you ________ A. misinterpret
delete something essential from the program. B. misinterpretation
A. accident C. misinterpreted
B. accidental D. misinterpreting
C. accidents
D. accidentally 19. There’s another piece of evidence that there
has been enormous ________ in the supply of
14. When the _________ for this new safety customized services to customers.
policy was under consideration by the managers, A. growth
a number of experts were asked for their B. grows
comments. C. grown
A. proposing D. grower
B. propose
C. proposes 20. Our aim is to increase the efficiency of the
D. proposal rail services both for freight and passengers by
providing services on the network and increasing
15. All the workers are required to ______ verify _______ among companies.
that the proper maintenance of storage facilities A. competes
is conducted with extreme care. B. competitively
A. periodic C. competitive
B. periodical D. competition
C. periodically
D. period 21. We are sorry to announce that we will
not________ any credit cards starting next year
16. The elegant hotel we stayed at was_______ since a cash deposit is required.
and bright and had a private entrance and patio A. accepts
with a view of the ocean. B. accepting
A. spacing C. accept
B. spacious D. accepted
C. spaciousness
D. spaces 22. The elegant hotel known for its fabulous
amenities is _________ located near the local
17. Applicants are advised to fill out an airport.
application form concisely to impress potential A. convenience B. convenient
C. conveniently D. conveniences
 BÀI TẬP VỀ TỪ LOẠI CHUYÊN
ĐỀ TOEIC (III)
1. __________ for the money management
seminar will be forwarded to all the managers 6. The more we spent with the sales
tomorrow. team, the more ______ we were with
A. Invite their innovative marketing skills.
B. Invitations A. impression
C. Inviting B. impress
D. Invitation C. impresses
D. impressed
2. The conference’s keynote speaker
addressed ______ impacts of digital 7. The unexpected operating
technology on the current music complexity was more serious than
industry. _______ anticipated.
A. variety A. origin
B. variably B. original
C. variation C. originally
D. various D. originated

3. The effects of affordable housing 8. The enclosed documents summarize

____ in rural areas will be discussed at _______ changes to the existing
the conference. overtime regulations.
A. develops A. propose
B. developing B. proposed
C. development C. proposes
D. developed D. to proposing

4. Even if residents in the area have 9. Applicants must possess a master of

shown strong _____ to the project, the business administration or ______
city government may not be hesitant experience in a related field.
to proceed with it. A. compare
A. resisting B. compared
B. resistant C. comparable
C. resisted D. comparing
D. resistance
10. The expansion of the natural
5. We had to spend the whole month history museum is most ______ the
searching for better solutions, and cause of significant revenue increases.
_____ customers were impressed by our A. probabilities
efforts. B. probability
A. fortunate C. probable
B. fortunes D. probably
C. fortune
D. fortunately
 B. attendance
C. attended
D. attendee

11. Many science majors enter

graduate school ______ after
completing a bachelor of science
degree. 16. A detailed quotation on the
A.directly ongoing _________ will be provided for
B.direct free any time upon request.
C.directed A. maintaining
D.direction B. maintenance
C. maintained
12. Customers who purchase more D. maintains
than 500 dollars worth of items can
request an HDTV cable box at no ______ 17. The customer service department
charge. is responsible for fulfilling _______ from
A.additional the public and has to forward them to
B.addition the chief financial officer.
C.adding A.requests
D.additionally B.request
C.requesting
13. According to many _______ of the D.requested
industry, the majority of small-sized
firms are hoping to enter into lucrative 18. Employees will be given bonuses
businesses. and incentives _______ depending on
A.survey their performance achievements, not
B.surveys based on their relationship with
C.surveying supervisors.
D.surveyed A.exclusive
B.excluding
14. During the one-week promotional C.exclusively
period, we offer all the visitors and D.excluded
customers 10 dollars worth of kitchen
appliances _______ free of charge. 19. The head of legal department is
A.extremely searching for experts who have a lot of
B.exclusively experience with contract ______.
C.continually A. negotiates
D.completely B. negotiator
C. negotiations
15. It is likely that ______ of the annual D. negotiable
conference will reach an all-time high
this year, with more than 1,000 people 20. Many ______ agricultural advisors
planning to attend. were hired to boost the significantly
A. attendant declining industry.
A. professionally C. professionalism
B. professional D. profession
* BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG
1. Customers must contact the ---------- directly for all 9. The application process is highly ----- -- with only 5%
warranty and repairissues. of applicants ultimately selected forpositions.
(A) manufacturer (A) competition
(B) manufacturing (B) competitive
(C) manufactures (C) competitors
(D) manufactured (D) competitively

2. It is common practice for a firm to seek a ----- -- 10. The wrecked automobile must be examined extremely
advantage in order to maintain its position in the …………..before any repair work may begin on it
marketplace. (A) carefully
(A) compete (B) careful
(B) competition (C) care
(C) competitive (D) more carefully
(D) competitively
11. It is advisable to keep your operating system and
3. The new management recognized ………….the software updated for -------computer performance and
importance of this business decision security.
(A) prompt (A) optimal
(B) promptness (B) optimize
(C) promptly (C) optimally
(D) prompter (D) optimization

4. The ------- has always been on ensuring a consistently 12. Corsica is an undeniable paradise for --------- of sea
high level of quality and outstandingservice. and water sports, as well as forhiking.
(A) emphasized (A) enthusiasts
(B) emphatic (B) enthusiastically
(C) emphasis (C) enthusiastic
(D) emphasize (D) enthused

5. The ------- outcome of the current economic recession 13. Purchase order organizer software is a flexible
is that the growth of merger activity will slowdown. sales and purchase record management utility that
(A) possibly keeps track of all business-related activities in an ----
(B) possibility ----- manner.
(C) possibilities (A) efficiency
(D) possible (B) elficiently
(C) efiiciencies
6. This apartment complex has an ----- -- exterior design (D) efficient
and stylish interior furnishings.
A. Attract 14. Derek’s Sporting Goods now has over 400 stores -----
B. Attractive ---- located in more than 40 states across thecountry.
C. Attracted (A) convenience
D. Attraction (B) convenient
(C) conveniently
7. Needs assessment can help you identify areas for (D) conveniences
improvement and ultimately help you realize your
goals more----- 15. The district rules assessment team coordinated an -----
(A) efficient -- evaluation of performance standards andemerging
(B) efficiency (A) extent
(C) efficiencies (B) extension
(D) efficiently (C) extensive
(D) extensively
8. You have to become more …………with the rules and
regulations before you start working here
(A) familiarity
(B) familiar
(C) familiarize
(D) familiarly
16. Sign up to receive our free newsletter and you will ---- 23. The first step in preparing a
- -- receive update notifications and other news viae- fairly..............................presentation is to do your
mail. research thoroughly on your topic.
(A) automatically A. informative
(B) automaticity B. inform
(C) automated C. information
(D) automatic D. informer

17. QIB will work -------to maintain sustainable growth 24. A detailed quotation on the
and expansion plans. ongoing..........................will be provided for free
(A) persisted anytime uponrequest
(B) persistent A. maintaining
(C) persistently B. maintenance
(D) persistence C. maintained
D. maintains
18. Wholesale buyers purchase merchandise -
------- from manufacturers and resell it to 25. The customer service department is responsible
retail firms, commercial establishments, and for fulfilling.............. from the public and has to
other institutions. forward them to the chief financial officer.
(A) directing A. requests
(B) directs B. request
(C) directly C. requesting
(D) directed D. requested

19. Online Ticket Shop gives you the chance to buy your 26. You can------ rebuild your credit by taking steps to
tickets at a ------- rate. repair your credit rating as soon aspossible.
(A) reduction (A) easy
(B) reduces (B) easier
(C) reduce (C) easily
(D) reduced (D) easiness

20. Many science majors enter graduate 27. Make sure you provide the requested-------when
school........................after completing a bachelor of submitting advertising proposals since ones will notbe
science degree. accepted.
A. directly (A) information
B. direct (B) inform
C. directed (C) informing
D. direction (D) informed

21. Customers who purchase more than 500 dollars worth 28. While smokers are highly ------ of the ban on smoking
of items can request an HDTV cable box at in workplaces, most non- smokers support theban.
no……charge (A) critic
A. additional (B) critically
B. addition (C) critical
C. adding (D) criticism
D. additionally
29. The agreed-upon------ sanctions are not
22. Mr. Garry Noxon in accounting limited to tariffs, trade barriers, and import or
was............................warned about having to many export quotas imposedon individual countries.
numerical errors the budget report. (A) economic
A. repeat (B) economically
B. repeatedly (C) economist
C. repeater (D) economy
D. repetition
30. Our monthly production capability is expected to grow 37……..for reconstruction contracts has been
significantly, owing to the --------- of our own getting stiffer over the years since it can
factories in China. generate enormously lucrative earnings.
(A) expand (A) Competitively
(B) expands (B) Competition
(C) expansion (C) Competitive
(D) expansive (D) Competes
31. At the same time, the company also won a two-
38. Our experienced and skilled technicians
million-dollar ------- for maintenance of the trains for
the next seven
can be of much help in the event that you ------
(A) contract delete something essential from the program.
(B) contracts (A) accident
(C) contracted (B) accidental
(D) contracting (C) accidents
(D) accidentally
32. NDRC is the national authority that is in
charge of setting guidance tariffs that are ------ 39. When the ..... for this new safety policy was
implemented by the local authorities. under consideration by the managers, a number of
(A) subsequent experts were asked for their comments.
(B) subsequent to (A) proposing
(C) subsequently (B) propose
(D) subsequence
(C) proposes
(D) proposal
33. Even if residents in the area have shown strong
-------- to the project, the city government may not
40. Purchasing tickets early is ----- , because many
be hesitant to proceed with it.
fans are expected to undoubtedly rush to the
(A) resisting
concert.
(B) resistant
(A) advice
(C) resisted
(B) advising
(D) resistance
(C) advisor
(D) advisable
34. We are sorry to announce that we will not
........any credit cards starting since a cash deposit
41. Superb………… has been paid to even the
is required.
smallest detail, as the project was expected to
A. accepts
cost billions
B. accepting
(A) attends
C. accept
(B) attention
D. accepted
(C) attended
(D) attendant
35. The newly appointed vice president is expected
to earn the..............trust of employees despite all 42. During the sessions, speakers will discuss the
indications to the contrary. process of……a global sevice by opening doors
A. completely to economic opportunities.
B. completed (A) establish
C. completing (B) establishing
D. complete (C) establishes
(D) established
36. Much of the expected boots in revenue is related
to a transaction fax which has yet to receive final
.................from Congress.
A. approving
B. approved
C. approval
D. approves
 47. The medications widely used for patients should
43. We are proud to announce their be ………. Evaluated for long-term use.
upcoming…....... in an event whose purpose is to (A) rigor
educate attendees on e-mail management tools. (B) rigors
(A) participation (C) rigorous
(B) participated (D) rigorously
(C) participating
(D) participate 48. The newly launched cell phones were designed to
deliver exceptional ………. in various functions.
44. The president of Kasara Inc . ........announced (A) performing
that Lopez Davis, who has served the company (B) performed
for more than 30 years, would retire at the end of (C) perform
next month. (D) performance
(A) regretting
(B) regretted 49. If you need further information or have any
(C) regretfully questions about……..your merchandise, please send
(D) regretful an e-mail to the sales department or contact us.
(A) return
(B) returns
45. This letter is to solicit……… of candidates to (C) returned
be considered for the vacant positions in sales that (D) returning
should be filled right away.
(A) nominate 50. They will also be venturing into a ..... job market.
(B) nominations (A) favor
(C) nominating (B) favorite
(D) nominated (C) favorably
(D) favorable
46. Road and street signs must be ........visible
even in the distance in order for drivers to know 51. Empty boxes should be placed in the stockroom
where they are heading. for……..
(A) clearness A. removable
(B) clear B. remover
(C) clearly C. removed
(D) clearest D. removal

52. It was unanimously agreed that Ms.Perkin’s

proposal was the most……..
(A) persuasive
(B) persuasively
(C) persuade
(D) persuasion
 CÁC DẠNG SO SÁNH

A. LÝ THUYẾT
-------------------------------------------
♥-----> 1. Equality (SO SÁNH BẰNG) ==> CÓ “as……as” là SO SÁNH BẰNG
Công thức chung: .....................................................................................................................................
+ Dùng adj: Khi trước nó là ..................................................................................................
+ Dùng adv: Khi trước nó là .................................................................................................

S + V + as + ........................................ + N + as + N/pronoun/clause (xem câu 4,5,6)

1. +This boy is as tall as that one (Không lặp lại từ đã dùng ở chủ ngữ)
2. +Population of Ho Chi Minh city isn't as much as that of Bangkok.
3. +I have more books than she
4. +February has fewer days than May
5. +He earns as much money as his brother
6. +They has as few class as we

♥-----> 2. Comparative (SO SÁNH HƠN) ==> CÓ “THAN” là SO SÁNH HƠN NHÉ!
*** Short Adj: .................................................................................
*** Long Adj: ...................................................................................
+ Dùng adj: Khi trước nó là TOBE, BECOME, REMAIN, STAY, FIND/MAKE + O +ADJ,..
+ Dùng adv: Khi trước nó là V

==> QUAN TRỌNG NHẤT: Nhấn mạnh so sánh hơn: ................................................... + So sánh hơn
===> NHẤN MẠNH
==> CỤM CẦN nhớ: “Than ever”, “ Other than”, “More than”
Ex: This bor is more intelligent than that one.

♥-----> 3. Superlative(SO SÁNH NHẤT) ==> CÓ “THE” là SO SÁNH HƠN NHẤT

*** Short adj: .................................................................................
*** Long adj: .................................................................................
+ Dùng adj: Khi trước nó là TOBE, BECOME, REMAIN, STAY, FIND/MAKE + O +ADJ,..
+ Dùng adv: Khi trước nó là V
*** Ít nhất: S + V + .................................................................................
Ex:
She is the tallest girl in the village.
He is the most gellant boy in class.

♥-----> 4. Các tính từ so sánh bất quy tắc thì học thuộc lòng
good(well)/
bad/
many(much)/
little/
Few/
far/
 ♥-----> 5. Double comparison(SO SÁNH KÉP)
+ Same adj: càng ngày càng
*** Short adj: .................................................................................
*** Long adj: .................................................................................
Ex:
The weather gets colder and colder.
(Thời tiết càng ngày càng lạnh.)
His daughter becomes more and more intelligent.
(Con gái anh ấy ngày càng trở nên thông minh)
+ Different adj: càng….càng
The + comparative + S + V + the + comparative + S + V.
(The + comparative the + từ ở dạng so sánh hơn)
The + S + V + the + comparative + S + V
Ex:
The richer she is the more selfish she becomes.
(Càng giàu,cô ấy càng trở nên ích kỷ hơn).
The more intelligent he is the lazier he becomes.
(Càng thông minh,anh ta càng trở nên lười hơn.)
The more we study the more stupid we feel.
♥-----> 6. Comparison of Similarity (SO SÁNH GIỐNG NHAU)
• The same:
+ Our suitcases are the same (vali của chúng ta giống nhau)
• The same + N:
+ You and I have the same suitcases (Bạn và tôi có va li giống nhau)
• The same as:
+ My suitcases is the same as yours (vali của tôi giống vali của anh)
• The same + N + as:
+ My suitcases is the same size as yours (Vali của tôi cùng kích cỡ với vali của anh)
• Alike/like/similar/alike:
+ Our book are (alike)similar (sách của chúng ta giống nhau)
+ My book is (like yours)similar to yours (sách của tôi giống sách của anh)

♥-----> 7: So sánh KHÁC NHAU

• Different:
+ Mike and his father are different (Mike và cha của anh ấy khác nhau)
• Different from:
+ Mike is different from his father are (Mike khác với cha của anh ấy)
• Different from each other:
+ Mike and his father are different from each other (Mike va cha của anh ta khác nhau)

♥-----> 8. Multiple Numbers Comparison (SO SÁNH GẤP NHIỀU LẦN)

S + V + multiple numbers + ........... + ...................+ .................+ ............ + .......... + ................. .
=> Multiple numbers: ..............................................................................
Ex: In many countries in the world with the same job,women only get 40%-50% as much salary as men.
Chú ý:
- 1.
- 2.
- 3.
B. BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG
1. As heath care become...............than it was a decade ago, companies are forced to spend more on benefits.
A. as expensive
B. more expensive
C. so expensive
D. most expensively
2. Many online retailers state that it is.................than they expected to set price that attract more customers
while boosting their profit margins.
A. difficult
B.diffculty
C. more diffcult
D. much diffcult
3. HPR Press achieved the ------- overall rating from its customers in a recent independent survey of nearly
10,000 customers.
(A) higher
(B) highest
(C) more highly
(D) most highly
4. Questions concerning whether intemational trade is ------- more beneficial to lower income economies
have been raised for years.
(A) much
(B) such
(C) very
(D) too
5. We seemed eager to do all they could to make my stay as--------- as possible.
(A) comfort
(B) comfortable
(C) comfortably
(D) comforted
6. If the company had been under better circumstances, it could have obtained an ..........more favorable
outcome.
A. all
B. even
C. any
D. almost
7. Of the 6 candidates, Ms. Sally Marson seemed the....................for the position.
A. qualification
B. qualified
C. more qualified
D. most qualified
8. The use of the ------- possible lighting in the laboratory has been beneficial to the research conducted by
the botanists employed there.
(A) bright
(B) brightest
(C) brightens
(D) brightness
9. I’ve read a couple of different articles on Franklin Roosevelt, who was a much ----- -- president than
Barack Obama has been so far.
(A) boldness
(B) bolder
(C) boldest
(D) boldly
10. Your complaint will almost certainly be ----- -- more effective if you are aware of your rights.
(A) much
(B) very
(C) so
(D) such
11. In order to help factory workers to work much ------, the new Samson machines will be
installed next week.
(A) more efficiently
(B) efficiently
(C) efficient
(D) most efficiently
12. She types …………….….as fast as I.
A. twice
B. half of
C. double
D. two
13. The application form used for submitting vacation requests will be ------- as the one used in previous
years.
(A) the same
(B) double
(C) fewest
(D) repeat
14. The more we spent with the sales team, the more ------- we were with their innovative marketing skills.
(A) impression
(B) impress
(C) impresses
(D) impressed
15. Purchasing tickets for Rocky Multiplexes has become easier than thanks to changes made to the
theater's website.
Practice
(A) once
(B) never
(C) not
(D) ever
16. Because of free trade and open door policies, it’s becoming a lot……………..for a country to recover
from an economic recession because one country’s economic situation affects the other’s
A. harder
B. harden
C. hard
D. hardly
17. The ABC Building is the……….to locate because it is so much higher than any other skyscraper in the
downtown area.
A. more easily
B. easiest
C. most easily
D. easy
18. Unfortunately, with the rise of the popularity of soft drinks, tea is not ----- -- popular as it used to be.
(A) as
(B) of
(C) either
(D) like
19. Most importantly, clients of Toka can use this product at the same cost
----- -- traditional environmentally-unfriendly materials.
(A) along
(B) as
(C) that
(D) with
20. Sales Training Magazine now publishes 12 issues a year, four than in its first
year of publication.
A. Many
B. Much
C. More
D. Most
21. Sales at Bank's Grocery Shop have more than due to the relocation of its
retail stores to major business districts.
A. three
B. tripled
C. thrid
D. three times
22. The form cannot be signed by anyone ……… than you.
A. another
B. other
C. the other
D. others
1. Hiện tại đơn 6. Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

S + V(s/es) + O S + have/ has + been + V-ing + O

- Mary studies English every day. - John has been repairing this car for 2 hours.

S+ S+

- ................................................................................ - .................................................................................

2. Hiện tại tiếp diễn 7. Quákhứ hoàn thành

S + is/am/are + V-ing + O S + had + VpII + O

- He is planting some trees now. - He had finished his report before 10 p.m yesterday.

S+ S+

- ................................................................................. - .................................................................................

3. Quákhứ đơn 8. Quákhứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn

S + V-ed + O S + had + been + V-ing + O

- She wrote a letter yesterday. - I had been typing the essay for 3 hours before you
came yesterday.
S+
S+
- ...............................................................................
- .................................................................................

4. Quákhứ tiếp diễn

9. Tương lai đơn
S + was/were + V-ing + O
S + will + V(nguyên thể) + O
- They were buying a car at 9 am yesterday.
- She will do a lot of things tomorrow.
S+
S+
- ................................................................................
- ...................................................................................

5. Hiện tại hoàn thành

10. Tương lai tiếp diễn
S + have/ has + VpII + O
S + will + be +V-ing + O
- My parents have given me a new bike on my birthday.
- She will be taking care of her children at this time
S+ tomorrow
- ...................................................................................
S+

- .................................................................................
 11. Tương lai hoàn thành 12. Tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn

S + will + have + VpII + O S + will + have + been + V-ing + O

- She will have finished her studying by the end of - I will have been teaching English for 5 years by
this year. next week.

S+ S+

- ............................................................................... - .............................................................................

CÁC BƯỚC LÀM BÀI TẬP:

===> Xét chủ động – bị động kết hợp 2 cách sau:

- Dịch nghĩa:

+ Chủ ngữ tự thực hiện hành động ==> ...................................

+ Được ai đó làm hành động ==> .........................................

Xét chủ ngữ là người hay vât: Thường thì người, tổ chức thường mang nghĩa chủ động, vật (bị động) –

MẸO LÀM NHANH:

- Nếu phía sau chỗ trống códanh từ/cụm N/tân ngữ (KHÁC GIỚI TỪ) ==> Chủ động (12 THÌ)

- Sau chỗ trống là“by” hoặc “to Vo‖ (NÓI CHUNG LÀ GIỚI TỪ) làdấu hiệu của Bị động (luôn cóV3/Ved)

==> CHÚ Ý VÀ LOẠI BỎ các đáp án nhiễu códạng: Ving, to Vo ==> Loại do ko nằm trong 12 thì.

==> Ngoại trừ trường hợp rút gọn đại từ quan hệ.

NOTE:

- Một số động từ THƯỜNG không sử dụng bị

động: ......................................................................................... ...............................................................................
.............................................................................................

- Enclosed = Attacted : Đứng đầu câu luôn chia BỊ ĐỘNG

- Located thường chia BỊ ĐỘNG

PHÂN BIỆT: FEW/ A FEW – LITTLE/ A LITTLE – MOST/ MOST OF/ ALMOST –
A. LÝ THUYẾT

1. FEW/ A FEW – LITTLE/ A LITTLE

* ________________ + __________________
VD: She has FEW friends (Côất cóít bạn)
VD: She went out with A FEW friends (Côấy ra ngoài cùng một vài người bạn)

* ________________ + ___________________

VD: We cannot buy more food because we have LITTLE money. (Chúng tao không thể mua thêm thức ăn vì
chúng tao cóíttiền)
VD: Take A LITTLE money from my wallet and buy some ice-creams (lấy ít tiền từ víbố và đi mua kem đi)

2. MOST/ MOST OF/ ALMOST

* ______________ + ________________
VD: Most students study lazily (hầu hết học sinh lười học)

* MOST OF: hầu hết

- ______________ + ___________ + ____________

VD: Most of my/the/a/an students are poor (hầu hết học sinh của tôi thìnghèo)

- _______________ + ________________
VD: Most of them died in the battle (Hầu hết bọn họ đều chết trong cuộc chiến)

*** NOTE: Nhìn đằng sau:

+ CóMẠO TỪ + N ==> Chọn ____________ luôn

+ Không cóMẠO TỪ ==> Chọn ___________

* ALMOST – trạng từ: _____________

- ALMOST + TÍNH TỪ/ ĐỘNG TỪ/ TRẠNG TỪ

VD: That tool is almost useless.(Cái dụng cụ đó thì gần như vô dụng)

- ALMOST ALL OF/HALF OF + MẠO TỪ + DANH TỪ: _______________

VD: Almost all of the plans are impractical (gần như tất cả các kế hoạch đều phi thực tế)
- ALMOST EVERYONE (EVERYBODY)/ EVERYTHING/ NO ONE/ NOTHING…:
VD: Almost everyone in her family has blonde hair (gần như tất cả mọi người trong gia đình nó có tóc vàng hoe)

* NOTE:

- ALMOST + TÍNH TỪ/ ĐỘNG TỪ/ TRẠNG TỪ

- Almost chỉ đi được với: Almost all of/half of/everyone/people…

==> Nhìn đằng sau chỗ trống mà là all of/half of/…==> ________________________

3. SOME/ANY
* SOME/(SOME OF + MẠO TỪ) + Danh từ đếm được số nhiều và không đếm được – thường dùng
trong câu KHẲNG ĐỊNH.
VD: He has some farms in the countryside (Ông ta cóvài nông trang ở nông thôn)

* ANY + Danh từ đếm được số nhiều và không đếm được – thường dùng trong câu PHỦ
ĐỊNH vàCÂU HỎI.
VD: - Did you eat any food at the party? (Chú mày có ăn chút thức ăn nào ở bữa tiệc không ?)

* NOTE:
- SOME dùng trong câu __________ nếu nólà____________
VD: Would you like some coffee? (Bàcómuốn uống chút càphêkhông ?)

- ANY dùng trong câu _____________ nếu nó mang nghĩa “___________” (Trước N ______________ )
VD: You can choose any house in the catalogue to buy. (Anh cóthể chọn bất kỳ ngôi nhànào trong ca-ta-lô để
mua)

4. MANY/MUCH
* MANY + ________________________
VD: There are so many people here that I feel tired (ở đây có quá nhiều người đến nỗi màtôi cảm thấy mệt)
* MUCH: + _______________________
VD: I haven’t got much time for reading (tôi không có nhiều thời gian để đọc sách)

5. ALL + N (____________________)

6. Each/Every + N(____________________)

7. ONE ANOTHER/ EACH OTHER: lẫn nhau

Hai từ này đều dùng để nói về một người khác trong một nhóm, nhưng “one another” dành cho nhóm 3 người trở
lên, còn “each another” dành cho nhóm chỉ có 2 người.
VD: - People are jealous watching the couple taking care of each another.
=> Người ta ghen tị khi nhìn đôi vợ chồng quan tâm tới nhau.

8. (THE)OTHER(S)/ANOTHER

*** THAY THẾ CHO DANH TỪ (Cái khác/người khác) ***

+ The other: Thay thế cho N _______ _________

+ The others: Thay thế cho N ________ _________

+ Others: Thay thế cho N ______________ _____________

+ Another: Thay thế cho N _____________ _____________

*** ĐỨNG TRƯỚC DANH TỪ ***

+ Another + N ____________

+ Other + N ___________/ N __________

B. HƯỚNG DẪN LÀM BÀI TẬP

- Bước 1: Khi cóONE chọn ________________ vàkhi cóOTHER chọn _______ khi đã _____________
VD: We have the two proposals, one is simply too complicated, while …... is too easy
A. One another B. each other C. the other D. other

- Bước 2: Nhìn đằng sau chỗ trống trước

==> Nếu cóN chỉ được chọn 2 cái là:

+ Another + N đếm được số ít

+ Other + N đếm được số nhiều/ N không đếm được ==> Nếu không cóN loại ngay OTHER

- Bước 3: Trong đáp án mà có ONE ANOTHER/ EACH OTHER: nhau, lẫn nhau ==> Dịch
C. BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG
1. Through the lnternet people are discovering new ways to share relevant information with ...........................
(A) the other
(B) another
(C) other
(D) one another
2. The company you work for is willing to take advantage of new technology but......are concerned ab
adverse consequence
A. other
B. others
C. theother
D. another
3. Unless you own extremely fragile items, you can pack ....... all of your things using everyday
A. almost
B. most
C. every
D. a few
4. Mr. Chu will demonstrate how to switch from one server to……this afternoon.
(A) another
(B) other
(C) each other
(D) one
5. Some medicines require a prescription, and_______ are available over the counter.
(A) other
(B) others
(C) the other
(D) another
6. Such information may include credit card details,billing address and _______ information(N không đếm
được) that is needed to complete your request.
(A) another
(B) other such
(C) others
(D) each other
7. The two home appliances companies agreed to support _______ to establish a top position in theindustry.
(A) the other
(B) another
(C) each other
(D) some
8. If the remote controls or _____ other equipment (N không đếm đƣợc) is not returned to CableMega by the
expiration date, customers have to pay the full replacement value of the equipment to CableMega.
(A) any
(B) each
(C) one
(D) many
9. The management decided to offer ________seminar next week.
(A) other
(B) each other
(C) another
(D) many
10.------- the doctors were surprised when the patient made a quick recovery from his injuries.
(A) Many
(B) Some
(C) Most of
(D) Almost
11. If your washing machine malfunctions,you may replace it with……or get a full refund.
A. all other
B. other
C. another
D. each other
12. We are aware of your limited budget, and were impressed that you managed to create……..a high-quality
film given the lack of financial backing.
(A) some
(B) much
(C) most
(D) such
13. On weekends the Italian restaurant is often busy _____ hours of the day and night.
(A) all
(B) almost
(C) always
(D) every
14.------- half of the existing employees at Alabama factory have agreed to transfer to the newly built factory
(A) Every
(B) Almost
(C) Once
(D) Near
15. On the municipality‟s website one can read reviews of ------- of the city‟s finest restaurants.
(A) so
(B) such
(C) ones
(D) some
16. Mr.Kim„s acceptance of this award is ------- remarkable when we realize that he has not worked in the
field of digital multimedia‟s technology.
(A) most of
(B) too much
(C) all the more
(D) many more
17. --------office supplies will be ordered by Mr. Lee in the purchasing department, so if you need any
supplies
(A)Less
(B)Much
(C)Almost
(D)All
18. _____all of the newly-hired employees were unhappy with the organization of the orientation schedule.
A.Most
B.Mostly
C.Almost
D.Every
19. The director said that.....the merchandise displayed at the conference was of high quality.
A. almost
B. about
C. most of
D. almost of
20.………… of these proposals are too controversial for the committee to consider seriously.
A. Much
B. Any
C. Most
D. Almost
21…..... half of the existing employees at ABC factory have agreed to transfer to the newly built
factory.
A. Every
B. Almost
C. Once
D. Near
22. Mr. Montoya's biography of former president John Kendall is the subject of.........debate.
A. almost
B. mostly
C. many
D. much
23.The opinions shared by------------the people surveyed show that they believe the mayor is
doing a good job.
(A) most of
(B) the most
(C) almost of
(D) the most of
24. _______ business owners and managers think retention of good employees is based on compensation
issues such as wage, salary levels and incentives.
A. Almost B. Most of C.The most D. Most
 MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ RÚT GỌN

1) Dùng .......................................: GHI NHỚ :

==> cho các mệnh đề ......................... A. Nếu S của 2 mệnh đề khác nhau:
...............................................................
The girl who is sitting next to you is my sister =>
We have some picture books that children can read. =>

 Nếu S đó là đại từ có nghĩa chung chung như

2) Dùng .......................................:
==> cho các mệnh đề ..........................
The house which is being built now belongs to Mr. John
=>
:.............................…. thì có thể không cần ghi.
Studying abroad is the wonderful thing that we must think
about. =>
B. Nếu trước relative pronoun có .................. => đem
xuống cuối câu.

We have a peg on which we can hang our coat =>

3) Dùng .........................................................:

Dùng khi danh từ đứng trước có các từ bổ nghĩa như :

4) Dùng ....................................... :

Dùng khi mệnh đề tính từ có dạng:

He is the last man who left the ship =>
S + ............................................................

Cách làm:
-Động từ là ............................... :
- bỏ ........................... và .....................
He had something that he could/ had to do =>
Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for health.
=>
-Đầu câu có .................................... :

There are six letters which have to be written today =>

We visited Barcelona, which is a city in northern Spain =>

 PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM BÀI LOẠI RÚT GỌN:

This is the first man who was arrested by police yesterday. =>

1.

2.

3.
I. CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN THÔNG THƯỜNG và ĐẢO NGỮ CỦA CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN:
A. Real (cóthật)
- LOẠI 0: Câu điều kiện loại 0 diễn tả 1 sự việc có thật xảy ra ở hiện tại mang tính chất hiển nhiên.

........................................................................................................

Ex: If you put ice under the sun, it melts

- LOẠI 1: Câu điều kiện diễn đạt 1 sự việc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại và tương lai.

..........................................................................................................

Ex: If you are busy, we will go out in other time

*NOTE: Please + V ==> ĐK 1

==> ĐẢO NGỮ: ....................................................., S + TLĐ

Ex: Should you be busy, we will go out in other time.

If he comes, I’ll go fishing

B. Unreal (không cóthật)

- LOẠI 2: Câu điều kiện diễn đạt 1 sự việc không thể xảy ra hoặc không có thật ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai

................................................................................................
Ex: If you studied hard, you would pass the exam.
(Nếu bạn học hành chăm chỉ, thì bạn đã vượt qua kì thi rồi)

* NOTE: Nếu là tobe thì V2 là WERE với mọi ngôi.

Ex: If I were you, I would not behave like that.

==> ĐẢO NGỮ:

.........................................................., S + would + V
Ex: If I were you, I would not behave like that
- Were I you, I would not behave like that.
 - Nếu trong câu không cóđộng từ “were” thìmượn “were’ và dùng “ to V”.

Ex: If I learnt Russian, I would read a Russian book.

→ Were I to learn Russian, I would read a Russian book.

- LOẠI 3: Câu điều kiện diễn tả 1 sự việc không thể xảy ra ở quá khứ.

...............................................................................................................

Ex: If my parents hadn't encouraged me, I wouldn't have passed my exam.

(Nếu bố mẹ không động viên tôi thì tôi đã chẳng vượt qua kì thi)

==> ĐẢO NGỮ: ...................................................., S + would + have + V3/ed

Ex: Had my parents not encouraged me, I would not have passed my exam

II. UNLESS + CL: = IF …NOT:

Ex: If he did not help me, I would not finish my homework.
= Unless he helped me, I would not finish my homework.

III. BUT FOR/WITHOUT/IF IT WEREN’T FOR + N/CỤM N:

Ex: - If He helps me everyday so I can finish my homework.
=> BUT FOR/WITHOUT/IF IT WEREN’T FOR his daily help, I would not finish my homework

- If you didn’t help me, I would not finish my homework

=> BUT FOR/WITHOUT/IF IT WEREN’T FOR your help, I would not finish my homework

IV. OR/OTHERWISE/OR ELSE + CL ( =If ):

Ex: Hurry up, or you’ll be late for school
==> if you don’t hurry up,
==> unless you hurry up,

V. CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN VỚI:

+ IN CASE + Clause:
+ IN CASE OF + N/VING:
Ex: You have to bring an umbrella in case it rains
VI. CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN ĐẶC BIỆT: (=IF)
- As long as/ So long as:
- Proving/provided/Imagine/on condition (that):
- suppose/supposing (that):
- only if:
- If only:
Ex: I will come only if nothing is said to the press
You can use my car provided that/as long as you drive carefull

VII. AS IF, AS THOUGH + CL:

===> Lùi thì: HTĐ ---> QKĐ
QKĐ ---> QKHT
Ex: -He says as if he were a king.

VIII : CẤU TRÚC THAT…SHOULD

S + V + THAT + S + (SHOULD) + V(nguyên thể)

==> Các V sau: ...................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................

He insisted that his son (should) be named after his grandfather.

They have decided to sell the house => They have decided that the house (should) be sold.

It is/was + adjective + THAT + S + (SHOULD) + V(nguyên thể)

(Với các adj sau: .......................................................................................................................................)

It is essential that rare animals (should) be protected.

It is essential for him to be prepared for this./ It is essential that he (should) be prepared for this.
 B. BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG
câu điều kiện loại 1 2 3:

1) If we meet at 9:30, we........... (have) plenty of time.

2) Lisa would find the milk if she........... (look) in the fridge.
3) The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she........... (feed) the animals.
4) If you spoke louder, your classmates........... (understand) you.
5) Dan........... (arrive) safe if he drove slowly.
6) You........... (have) no trouble at school if you had done your homework.
7) If you........... (swim) in this lake, you'll shiver from cold.
8) The door will unlock if you........... (press) the green button.
9) If Mel........... (ask) her teacher, he'd have answered her questions.
10) I........... (call) the office if I were you.

đảo ngữ của câu điều kiện: 1. A few flight attendants have requested that some loose volts in
the overhead bins ................ tightened.
1. .............anyone wish to access the information on the status of A. be B. are
his or her order, the password should be entered. C. have been D. will be
(A) If (B) Should
(C) Whether (D) As though 2. Mr. Powers has asked that the board of directors ------- the
issues, strategies and solutions identified in response to the
2. .............. it be necessary, you can print out your form and then NHHRC final report.
send it to us by fax or postal service. A. considering B. condidered
A. Since B. Should C. consider D. are considering
C. Unless D. When
3. As the entire HR team will be going to the conference in May,
3. ............ Jonh worked hard, he would have been promoted last they asked that the company outing ----------- until June.
year. (A) postponed
A. if B. were (B) to postpone
C. should D. had (C) be postponed
(D) postponing
4. ............. the patient's condition get worse, the nurse will call in
an internist. 4. Lancaster Productions ------- that all workers occasionally re-
A Might B. Unless read their employee guideline booklets to help refresh their
C. Should D. If memories on company policies.
(A) depends
5. ............ she wish to have more detailed information, please (B) adapts
consult your employee handbook (C) specializes
A. would B. could (D) recommends
C. might D. should
5. It is ------- that we fix this problem before we move on to the
6. Should she ............. our offer, we will be glad to cooperate next one.
a. accept b. accepts (A) requiring
c. accepting d. accepted (B) imperative
(C) indispensable
7. ............. the employee followed the safety procedures properly, (D) impressive
the accident could have been avoided
A. Having B. Had 6. The general manager has ....that anyinformation customers
C. If had D. Has enter be used only to respond to their inquiries and requests.
(A) suggested (B) suggesting
8. ……….. I you, I would not behave like that. (C) suggest (D) suggestion
A. if B. were
C. should D. had 7. It is .................. that each department work closely with the MIS
department, which coordinates all corporate data.
Thể giả định: (A) prone (B) vital
(C) poised (D) ready
 B. BỊ ĐỘNG:

1.Applicants for the managerial position ............ to possess high

levels of motivation along with basic computer skills. 9. Several staff heads ….. a better understanding of the
A. are required importance of motivation and teamwork from the last
B. require workshop.
C. requires (A) gaining
D. has required (B) will gain
(C) gained
2. The NYSO will make musical history next week on October (D) were gained
10, 2007. An official announcement ------ by Maria Simpson, the
former music director, yesterday. 10. The falling price of Chinese-made electronics last year ----
(A) made --- a number of companies to plan innovations to their
(B) will be made products.
(C) was made (A) causing
(D) had made (B) causes
(C) has caused
3.Employment application forms completed applicants must be (D) is caused
……….. to Mr. Keith by Friday at noon.
(A) submitting 11. Once the cause of the flooding on the ground level has
(B) submitted been ----- , the warehouse can resume operations.
(C) submit (A) find
(D) submission (B) finding
(C) found
4. ………. please find the documents that contain (D) being found
confidential data on the visibility of operations.
(A) Enclosed 12. The newest prototype ……… to give the engineers at
(B) Enclose Nova Enterprises a marked advantage over their competition.
(C) Enclosure (A) expects
(D) Enclosing (B) is expected
(C) expected
5. The corporate monitoring committee ------- an inspection in (D) had expected
any violation of security codes in a week.
(A) has been starting 13. A company picnic is --------for September, when most staff
(B) will be starting will be back from vacations, although no date has yet been
(C) is started selected.
(D) is being started (A) plan (B) planning
(C) planned (D) plans
6. A complete list of our hotel amenities will be ….... to you upon
request 14. Do not hesitate to contact us if you have any questions
A. Send B. Sent regarding your security package. Operators are available 24
C. To send D. Sending hours a day to assist you with any concerns that you may have.
Your business is valuable to us and we want you to be ----------
7. Tonight's performance is ------- to raise awareness about our with our service.
city's urban renewal initiative. (A) satisfied
(A) intend (B) satisfying
(B) intended (C) satisfaction
(C) intention (D) satisfactory
(D) intentional
15. The Wallace Goldberg Committee of Environmental
8. Employees are encouraged to sign up early for workshops, Awareness unanimously _____ the technical team of Walpole
as the number of participants is --------to 50 per session. Enterprises for their annual award.
Provided that seats remain available, employees can easily (A) select
(A) limit (B) selecting
(B) limited (C) selected
(C) limiting (D) was selected
(D) limitation
16. Bullet Hole Press specializes in the publication of horror, (C) would not be attending
mystery, and psychological thrillers, so no other genres will be (D) would not have been attended
---------
(A) publish 24. Nelson Data Research announced that it ------- 60 researchers
(B) published to meet the new sales target.
(C) publication (A) recruit
(D) publishing (B) is recruiting
(C) to recruit
17. Even though construction ------- by unexpected electrical (D) was recruited
storms, the new office building was still finished in a timely
manner. 25. The bricks have to be --------- by Friday in order to finish
(A) interrupts the project on time.
(B) to interrup (A) order (B) orders
(C) was interrupted (C) ordered (D) ordering
(D) be interrupted
26. In order to show their appreciation for our service, they have
18. Rather than the usual hosted dinner and drinks, we will be - generously offered to provide us with thirty sets of tickets to an
------ tonight at the Mandarin Garden at 2025 Shattuok Ave, NBA league game this Sunday at 1:00 P.M. These tickets --------
near the comer of Elm Street. on a first-come, first-served basis to our employees.
(A) dine (A) distribute
(B) dined (B) are distributing
(C) dining (C) will be distributed
(D) dinner (D) have been distributed

19. Thank you for taking time to meet with me this week. I was 27. A new innovative program is .......... to be released, though
impressed by your company‘s level of professionalism and the some system failures happened at the beginning of the
number of resources that you provide. I ------- that you were inspection.
willing to go over my personal career plan and provide A. expecting B. expected
(A) appreciated C. expects D. expect
(B) appreciating
(C) will appreciate 28. People who use the parking area ............. to read all
(D) was appreciated regulations on parking policies carefully.
A. encouraged
20. In its first two years, the festival was held on Mothers‘ B. are encouraged
Day, but organizers decided attendance would improve if the C. had encouraged
event were shifted to later in the summer. Attendance is ------- D. to be encouraged
to be around 4,000.
(A) projected 29. All the terms of the agreement must be clear so that the
(B) projects meaning and intent won‘t be …….. by either party.
(C) projecting (A) misinterpret
(D) project (B) misinterpretation
(C) misinterpreted
21. Whether you -------- discussions or are new to leading (D) misinterpreting
discussions, we trust that this guide will be helpful.
(A) has been led 30. We ------- a comprehensive factory automation program to
(B) have been led meet your company's needs.
(C) has led (A) will create
(D) have led (B) was created
(C) having created
22. Girls Inc. of Orange County is ---------- to protecting your (D) had been created
online privacy and providing a safe
(A) committing 31. Please submit the proposal provided and make sure it ……
(B) commitment before the submission deadline.
(C) commit A. Is delivered
(D) committed B. Delivery
C. Is delivering
23. I have been informed that Dr. Ikes decided that she --------- D. Delivered
the medical conference being held next week.
(A) will not be attended
(B) will not have been attending
32. The loading dock entrance is accessible from the South 35. Journal article samples from previous years ------- online
Town Exposition Center‘s Parking lot and is ------ on the east along with a list of considerations
side of the building. (A) locate
A. Locates (B) located
B. Located (C) are located
C. Locating (D) is locating
D. Was locating
36. Public health and obesity experts are getting increasingly
33. Additional service time ------ to AM trips to improve on- worried about the number of studies being ------- by food and
time performance beverage companies.
A. Has added (A) funding
B. Has been added (B) funds
C. Was adding (C) funded
D. Will be adding (D) found

34. Since the supply is -------- , all customers are encouraged to 37. The loading dock entrance is accessible from the South
make orders as soon as possible. Town Exposition Center‘s Parking lot and is ------ on the east
(A) limited side of the building.
(B) limit A. Locates
(C) limitations B. Located
(D) limiting C. Locating
D. Was locating
 A. Mệnh đề quan hệ A
1. Yoko told me about students_______ have taken the " Anyone___________ scholastic record is above
entrace exam 13 times. average can apply for the scholarship. "
A. who B. whom C. which D. that A. who has a B. has a
C. who's a D. whose
2. The secretary___________ I talked to didn't know
where the meeting was. 14. Dr. Sales is a person__________.
A. which B. whom C. that D. X A. in whom I don't have much confidence
C. whom I don't have much confidence in him
3. You need to talk to a person____________ you can B. in that I don't have much confidence
trust. You will feel better if you do. D. I don't have much confidence
A. whose B. which C. whom D. X
15. " Is Aprilo twenty-first the day__________? "
4. Bob is the kind of person to__________ one can talk " No, the twenty-second. "
about anything. A. you'll arrive then B. when you'll arrive
A. who B. whom C. that D. him C. on that you'll arrive D. when you'll arrive on

5. He is a person ___________ friends trust him. 16. The severe drought__________ occurred last summer
A. who B. his C. that D. whose ruined the corn crop.
A. that is B. which it C. it D. that
6. I'm looking for an electric can opener_______ also can
sharpen knives. 17. Florida, __________ the Sunshine State, attracts
A. who B. which C. that D. X many tourists every year.
A. is B. known as
7. People__________ live in glass house shouldn't throw C. is know as D. that is know at
stones.
A. who B. whom C. which D. X 18. The new shopping mall is gigantic. It's advertised as a
place___________ you can find just about anything you
8. The problems_________ Tony has seem might want to buy.
insurmountable hurt. A. where B. which C. in where D. in that
A. what B. be C. that D. X
19. Lora's marriage has been arranged by her family. She
9. The men____________ I introduced you to last night is a marrying a man___________.
may be the next president of the university. A. That she hardly knows him
A. which B. whom C. that D. X C. she hardly knows
B. whom she hardly knows him
10. Cathy is trustworthy. She's a person upon_________ D. she hardly knows him
you can always depend.
A. who B. whom C. that D. X 20. People who exercise frequently have greater physical
endurance than those____________.
11. Your career should focus on a field in ________ you A. who doesn't B. that doesn't
are genuinely interested. C. which don't D. who don't
A. which B. what C. that D. X
21. " Is this the address to ____________ you want the
12. People___________ outlook on life is optimistic are package sent?"
usually happy people. A. where B. that C. which D. whom
A. whose B. whom C. that D. which
22. Ann quit her job at the advertising agency,
__________ surprised everyone.
13. " Who is eligible for the scholarship? " A. which B. that C. who D. that it
 B. MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ B

1. Customers ------ wish to retum merchandise within 7 days of 10. Customers……….products are provided and maintained
purchase must present the valid receipt to the store. through an existing arrangement should contact us immediately.
(A) who (A) who
(B) when (B) which
(C) what (C) whose
(D) whom (D) that

2. Many branch offices were established in the suburbs 10 years ago, - 11. Unauthorized entry into the building is not permitted,except
----- which time the volume of traffic was also steadily increasing. to guests……..have obtained a special security pass.
(A) at (A) who
(B) over (B) whose
(C) across (C) which
(D) during (D) whom

3. The Victoria Hotel,........ we stayed during our summer vacation, 12. Emma Jean, .............was nominated for an Employee of the
will be torn down for extensive renovations. Month Award for her exceptional work performance, will deliver
(A) when a speech
(B) where A. who B. anyone
(C) in that C. whom D. which
(D) in it
11. You will need to take the time to evaluate your own needs in
4. Anyone ………. experiences complications with the new software order to determine the purposes for ------ you will use the software.
is encouraged to bring this matter to Mr. Gruber’s attention in room (A) what (B) which
210. (C) whom (D) where
(A) who (B) which
(C) whom (D) whose 13. When looking into the “projected draft for construction of a
new shopping mall, the supervisor asked ------- was in charge of
5. An investment …….. gradually increases in value over the electrical engineering.
years can be more profitable than more short-term (A) that (B) who
(A) that (B) they (C) which (D) whom
(C) what (D) when
14. The names of upper management to ……….. you must report
6. Customers ------- purchase their orders from the website of will be provided in order to get budgets approved for projects.
Westminster Books receive an automatic discount of at least 10%. (A) whom
(A) who (B) whom (B) whoever
(C) whomever (D) whose (C) what
(D) where
7. Karen Solden will replace Harold Walker, ----- is being
promoted to a higher position in the company. 15. A password ………… is provided to you by the registrar's
(A) he (B) who office will enable you to access some important student
(C) his (D) whose information.
(A) when
8. The main artists ----- paintings are being sold at the Garrett (B) who
Gallery are Elaine Crick, Jason Chambers and Sylvia Webb. (C) which
(A) who (B) whose (D) whom
(C) their (D) they
16. Emma Jean, ............. I was nominated for an Employee of the
9. Those ………wish to get the best deal from their shopping are Month Award for her exceptional work performance, will deliver
advised to compare product features, prices and read customer a speech
reviews carefully. A. who B. anyone
(A) who C. whom D. which
(B) whose
(C) which
(D) whom
17. -------those applicants who have graduated after four years at 19. If coming from Salt Lake City, take the Bonneville Speedway
an accredited university will be considered for the position. (Exit #4), ------- is the first exit west of the rest area.
(A) who (A) what
(B) Only (B) which
(C) which (C) where
(D) whom (D) who

18. ……. those who are determined to attend the seminar, tickets 20. Employees -------- are experiencing technology-related
are available at the Human Resources Department. problems may ask for help by placing a call to the IT team
(A) For between 9 a.m. and 6 p.m.
(B) whose (A) who
(C) what (B) whose
(D) their (C) which
(D) what
 C. RÚT GỌN MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ

1. Attendance is mandatory for the staff meeting ……… for (D) specializing
next Tuesday in the council hall
(A) has been scheduled 8. A letter ........... by a copy of the press release was mailed
(B) schedule to the public relations department yesterday.
(C) will schedule A. accompanies
(D) scheduled B. accompanying
C. accompanied
2. The Perfect Pet Parlor is a chain of stores --------- a large D. will accompany
selection of pet food and pet accessories at a reasonable
price with excellent sales support. 9. In celebration of National Volunteer Appreciation Day,
(A) sell Betsy Johnson Regional Hospital will host a luncheon -------
(B) sells its 103 hospital volunteers tomorrow.
(C)sold (A) honor
(D)selling (B) honors
(C) honored
3. All commuters …………..... the main highway to get to (D) honoring
the center of the will face delays of up to hour today because
of on-going cóntruction 10. The speakers will be on the radio talk show ____ their
A.use views on energy issues in North America.
B.used A. introducted
C.using B. introduce
D.will use C. introduction
D. introducing
4. Aas Executive Transportation is a premier limousine
company ………. the Houston metropolitan area. 11. The sales invoice contains all the terms and conditions
A.Serving _________ by the buyer and seller.
B.Served A.Agrees
C.Server B.Agreement
D.Serves C.Agree
D.Agreed to
5. However, no liability can be accepted by INTERWORLD for any
loss or damage --------- by any passenger or inconvenience 12. Scientists attribute the changing climate to an
experienced due to a delay for whatsoever reason. increase in carbon emissions, ------- in warmer global
(A) incur temperatures.
(B) incurred (A) result
(C) incurring (B) resulted
(D) to incur (C) resulting
(D) will result
6. Welton Textiles Inc. made a net profi of $500 million,
............. it to fund Its expansion across the continent. 13. Our company is currently recruiting interns …….. in
(A) allowing marketing pharmaceutical products.
(B) allows A.interest.
(C) allowance B.interesting
(D) allowably C.interests
D.interested
7. Ace Supplies, a Paris-based firm ------- in office supplies,
announced its plan to relocate its 14. Sales personel ---------- office supplies should get
(A) is specializing permission from their supervisor.
(B) specializes A. Purchasing
(C) specialize B. To purchase
C. Purchased 22. The Payments Office is open to receive utility bill
D. Have purchased payments ___ in person Monday to Friday 9 a.m. to 4
(A) make
15. The women ................ our organization are either full- (B) made
time housewives or college students who want to make a (C) making
difference in our community (D) are made
a. join
b. joining 23. We saw the money ____ from the flat as we were
c. will join coming home last night
d. will be joining A. stealing
B. been stolen
16. All products in the catalog are available in our online store, C.stole
........... customers to shop from the conveniesce of their homes. D.stolen
a. allows
b. will allow 24. There are a variety of charges -------- with taking out a
c. allow home loan.
d. allowing A. associate
B. associated
17. I am writing in response to your letter, .......... about any C. association
chance of you being covered D. associating
A. inquiry
B. inquire 25. We are a business strategy consulting firm ..... the top
C. inquiring management of leading corporations.
D. inquired a. are serving
b. serve
18. Centum Office Supply carries a wide range of office c. served
supplies ------- labels, binders, file folders and more. d. serving
(A) includes
(B) including 26. Sheridan Fashions, now -------- throughout Japan, first
(C) included began as a small tailor shop in Yukita twenty.
(D) include (A) operates
(B) have been operating
19. Travelers ........... the local airport in Hopkins are (C) could have operated
international customers (D) operating
A. use B. using
C. used D. will use 26. There will be a panel ….... of pharmaceutical company
spokesperson and consumer advocates to debate current
20. According to the preliminaryanalysis by the labor health concems.
department, the recovery of the economy this year led to an (A) consist
increase in employment, ......... with the same period last year. (B) consisting
A. Compare (C) will consist
B. Compared (D) to be consisted
C. Comparing
D. Comparison 27. Adequate storage space is very important to companies
.................. large quantities of materials.
21. The amount of destruction ............ by an earthquake A. produced
depends on where it happens, what time ithappens, and how B. produces
strong it is. C. produce
A. was caused D. producing
B. is causing
C. is caused
D. caused
28. We provide a range of services _______ to meet the 31. The korean association of the auto industry, also …….
specific industry and market dynamics our clients face. as KAAI, publishes a quarterly
(A) design A.Known
(B) to design B.Knowing
(C) designing C.Knew
(D) designed D.Knows

29. Anyone ------ the product through e-mail should send an 32. Please mark the appropriate box to indicate if the
appropriate amount of money and keep the receipt person named above …. any of the certificates listed
a. orders below.
b. ordering (A) holding
c. ordered (B) held
d. will order (C) holds
(D) hold
30. Don’t miss Port Smith’s annual trade fair with
companies ------- 18 different countries from around the 33. People wearing carnival costumes ........ the streets of
world. Rio de Janeiro.
(A) represent A. filled
(B) representing B. to fill
(C) represented C. was filling
(D) representation D. filling
1. Through the lnternet people are discovering new ways to share relevant information with ------

(A) the other

(B) another

(C) other

(D) one another

2. The company you work for is willing to take advantage of new technology but ...... are concerned
about adverse consequence

A. other

B. others

C. the other

D. another

3. Unless you own extremely fragile items, you can pack ....... all of your things using everyday

A. almost

B. most

C. every

D. a few

4. Mr. Chu will demonstrate how to switch from one server to …… this afternoon.

(A) another

(B) other

(C) each other

(D) one

5. Some medicines require a prescription, and ______ are available over the counter.

(A) other

(B) others

(C) the other

(D) another

6. Such information may include credit card details,billing address and ______ information (N không
đếm đc) that is needed to complete your request.

(A) another
(B) other such

(C) others

(D) each other

7. The two home appliances companies agreed to support ____ to establish a top position in theindustry.

(A) the other

(B) another

(C) each other

(D) some

8. If the remote controls or other equipment (N không đếm đc) is not returned to CableMega by the
expiration date, customers have to pay the full replacement value of the equipment to CableMega.

(A) any

(B) each

(C) one

(D) many

9. The management decided to offer ____ seminar next week.

(A) other

(B) each other

(C) another

(D) many

10. ------- the doctors were surprised when the patient made a quick recovery from his injuries.

(A) Many

(B) Some

(C) Most of

(D) Almost

11. If your washing machine malfunctions,you may replace it with …… or get a full refund.

A. all other

B. other

C. another

D. each other
12. We are aware of your limited budget, and were impressed that you managed to create ……. a high-
quality film given the lack of financial backing.

(A) some

(B) much

(C) most

(D) such

13. On weekends the Italian restaurant is often busy _____ hours of the day and night.

(A) all

(B) almost

(C) always

(D) every

14. ------- half of the existing employees at Alabama factory have agreed to transfer to the newly built
factory

(A) Every

(B) Almost

(C) Once

(D) Near

15. On the municipality‟s website one can read reviews of ------- of the city‟s finest restaurants.

(A) so

(B) such

(C) ones

(D) some

16. Mr.Kim„s acceptance of this award is ------- remarkable when we realize that he has not worked in the
field of digital multimedia‟s technology.

(A) most of

(B) too much

(C) all the more

(D) many more

17. -------- office supplies will be ordered by Mr. Lee in the purchasing department, so if you need any
supplies
(A) Less

(B) Much

(C) Almost

(D) All

18. ______ all of the newly-hired employees were unhappy with the organization of the orientation
schedule.

A. Most

B. Mostly

C. Almost

D. Every

19. The director said that ........ the merchandise displayed at the conference was of high quality.

A. almost

B. about

C. most of

D. almost of

20. ……… of these proposals are too controversial for the committee to consider seriously.

A. Much

B. Any

C. Most

D. Almost

21. …..... half of the existing employees at ABC factory have agreed to transfer to the newly built factory.

A. Every

B. Almost

C. Once

D. Near

22. Mr. Montoya's biography of former president John Kendall is the subject of ......... debate.

A. almost

B. mostly
C. many

D. much

23. The opinions shared by ------------ the people surveyed show that they believe the mayor is doing a
good job.

(A) most of

(B) the most

(C) almost of

(D) the most of

24. ______ business owners and managers think retention of good employees is based on compensation
issues such as wage, salary levels and incentives.

A. Almost

B. Most of

C. The most

D. Most
1. I was feeling ________ sick, so I went home early. 11. The program director was absent from the meeting
a. little yesterday because she a seminar in another room.
b. a little a. is conducting
c. much b. was conducting
d. a lot c. had conducted
d. had been conducted
2. You should be ________ that door before leaving.
a. close 12. Production schedules need to be revised because it may
b. closing take longer than anticipate to receive parts
from the overseas plant.
c. closed
a. we
d. to close
b. us
3. TMA Solution Co. offers employees ___ performance c. our
bonuses to encourage success. d. Ours
a. of
13. As far as the records show, Mrs. Gomez wasn't in the
b. for
office on Monday, on Tuesday for that matter.
c. with
d. To a. no
b. nor
4. One of the requirements of this position is that you show c. either
up every day ________ of the weather. d. Or
a. despite
b. nonetheless 14. When correctly on cracked and dirty leather, our
c. regardless cleaning product will help remove the dirt easily.
d. Although a. use
b. used
5. Constractors will be renovating the office building
c. using
________ the stockroom will be on the first floor.
a. in order to d. it used
b. so that
15. Critics have questioned putting a military man in charge,
c. because of
but Gen Hayden says that he will remain of the
d. Although
Pentagon.
6. Nearly 1,000 ______ tires were diverted from landfill a. independent
disposal and recycled into rubber to resurface the school b. independence
track. c. independently
a. wastes d. Dependent
b. wasted
c. wasting 16. Both of us gave the gifts last night.
d. Waste a. together
b. altogether
7. New owners of Century Regal's condominiums are advised c. one another
to become more _______ with the amenities and services d. each other
available to residents.
a. familiarity 17. The article provides readers with tips on how to get
b. familiarly out of debt by setting financial goals and eliminating
c. familiar unnecessary spending.
d. familiarize a. totally
b. total
8. The document _________ copied has already been taken c. totaled
to the office by Ms. McCluskey. d. Totaling
a. is
b. was 18. Any employers or contractors who are found to have
c. to be safety laws will be subject to a heavy fine.
d. has been a. complied
b. observed
9. A special season tickets at the Killington ski resort made c. breached
it __________ for frequent skiers to enjoy the sport at
d. Adhered
substantial savings.
a. possible
19. ___________ providing an extraordinary service to our
b. possibility
patrons, overall sales have almost tripled.
c. possibly
d. Possibilities a. While
b. Since
10. In order to ____ money from your checking account, you c. Once
need to have a valid picture ID and a PIN number. d. Now that
a. apply
b. deposit
c. save
d. Withdraw 20. Researchers in broad range of fields were asked to
 review _______ the proposed project may entail. 23. Companies expanding into other regions prefer hiring
a. how workers ________ to the targeted region.
b. that a. according
c. which b. physical
d. What c. native
d. Approximate
21. Most companies hire attorneys to ____ them in case they
encounter any trouble. 24. People who have wanted to buy a home but couldn't
a. attend afford to will be able to qualify, ________ interest rates
remain .
b. represent
a. whereas
c. conduct
b. as if
d. Express
c. whether
22. The head of the department _________ the banquet room d. assuming that
for party should submit a required form to the Catering
Department.
a. use
b. used
c. using
d. will use