Invertebrates

-are animals without a backbone or vertebrae

1. Arthropods (Phylum Arthropoda) Jointed-
legged
 largest number of invertebrates, the word
“arthropod” means “jointed leg or jointed foot”
 have exoskeleton
covering made of horny,
stiff material called
chitin
 have well-developed
sense organs and head
with special mouth parts.
 a. Insects
 have 3pairs of walking legs,
1or2pairs of wings, and a pair or
antennae (butterfly, bee,
grasshopper, ant)
 3 parts of the body: head, thorax,
and abdomen
 b. Arachnids
 have eight legs or four pars of
legs, have two body segments
and no antennae
 include spiders, scorpions,
ticks, and mites
 c. Crustaceans
 have five pairs of legs, have
antennae that taste, touch, and
smell
 they have specialized limbs or
claws called pincers (crab,
lobster, shrimp)
 d. Myriapods
 have many body segments
(centipede, millipede)
 centipede mean “hundred legs”,
millipede means “thousand legs”
2. Sponges (Phylum Porifera)
 have no mouth, stomachs, or other
organs
 sponges have hollow tubes in their bodies
 they cannot move, they only grow fastened or firmly
attached to something
 barrel sponge, finger sponge
3. Cnidarians (Phylum Cnidaria)
Stinging-celled Animals
 animals have bodies which look like
empty bags with one open end
 they produce poison that irritates
the skin
 jelly fish, sea anemone, corals, hydra
4. Echinoderms (Phylum Echinodermata) Spiny-
skinned
 marine and shallow-bottom dwellers,
“echinoderm” is derived from two words
meaning “spiny skin”
 the outer tip of each tube has a sucker
(sea star, sea cucumber, sea urchin)
 5. Mollusks (Phylum
Mollusca)
 “mollusk” means “soft”, the only
hard part of these animals is the
protective shell (squid, clam,
snail, octopus)
 6. Worms
 the last big group are the worms, all
have soft, slender bodies but no
limbs
 some worms live in water; others in
soil; many are parasitic and causes
diseases
 a. Flatworms (Phylum Platyhelminthes)
 Flat-bodied and look like ribbons
 Planarians, flukes, and
tapeworms (planarians live
among algae; liverfluke live on
snails, sheeps, and cattles;
tapeworm infects the intestine
b. Roundworms (Phylum Nematoda)
 round-bodied worms, they live in rich soil, fresh
water, and even salt water and they
are parasitic
c. Annelids (Phylum Annelida)
 their bodies are externally ringed
and divided into segments, are most
highly developed worms
 (earthworms-eat decaying plant; leeches-have
flat bodies with suckers on both ends, live in water and
feed on blood)