Explicit2016 Final PDF

3DS.COM © Dassault Systèmes | Confidential Information | 2/19/2016 | ref.
: 3DS_Document_2015
What’s New in Abaqus?

Update Abaqus/Explicit 2016
Overview
1 Release Schedule
3DS.COM/SIMULIA© Dassault Systèmes | Confidential Information | 2/19/2016 | ref.: 3DS_Document_2012
2 Material enhancements
3 Output enhancements
4 CEL/SPH and DEM enhancements
5 User subroutines
6 Miscellaneous
2
3
Consistent schedule & numbering starting in 2015
Today Dec-2015
Abaqus Abaqus 2016

6.14
Isight
Isight 2016
5.9
fe-safe
fe-safe 2016
6.5
Tosca Structure Tosca Structure
8.1 2016
3DEXPERIENCE 3DEXPERIENCE
R2015x R2016x
4
Overview
1 Release Schedule
5 User subroutines
6 Miscellaneous
5
Enhancement to Critical State (Clay) Plasticity Model
Can now be used to study deformation of orthotropic materials such as
laminated shale
Model laminated shale structures in the overburden above hydrocarbon

reservoirs
Extended existing cam-clay plasticity model to include:
Orthotropic elastic and plastic behavior
Hardening in tension
Softening regularization
More general specification of initial volumetric plastic strain
Available in Abaqus/Explicit and Abaqus/Standard
6
Built-in User Material: Hysteretic Soil Model
Simulate the response of soils under seismic loads.
Elasticity is represented by a nonlinear, pressure
dependent model.
Plasticity is described by an array of perfectly plastic
subvolumes, which are combined to model complex
material behaviors.
Activated by specifying the material name to be
ABQ_HYST_SOIL.
This model is similar to the material MAT_079
(*MAT_HYSTERETIC_SOIL) in LS-Dyna.
7
Overview
1 Release Schedule
5 User subroutines
6 Miscellaneous
8
Contact output for Abaqus/Explicit
CDISP “family” of output variables added

COPEN, CSLIP1, CSLIP2
New member of this family: CSLIPEQ (total slip length)

CTANDIR output added
CTANDIR1, CTANDIR2
Vector output of t1 and t2 local tangent directions
Slip rate output variables added
CSLIPR1, CSLIPR2, CSLIPRMAG
9
10
CSTATUS output added
w
Contact output for Abaqus/Explicit
New sensor output variables
Two new contact output variables can be used to define sensors

CFNM - magnitude of total force due to contact pressure
XNn - center of the total force due to contact

The implementation required significant efforts since these are the first contact
output variables supported as sensors
In the future, support for other contact output variables can be easily
implemented
Keyword user interface
*AMPLITUDE,NAME=<ampName>,DEFINITION=USER
…
*OUTPUT, HISTORY, SENSOR, NAME=<sensorName>
*CONTACT OUTPUT
CFNM
11
Section Failure Output (SFailRatio)
Available in Abaqus/Explicit as a whole element output
This failure measure represents the ratio between the number of failed plies
through the thickness and the total number of layers
Its values should be between zero (none of the layers failed) and one (all of the
layers failed)
Available for all failure models in Abaqus/Explicit, including: progressive damage
models, shear failure, porous failure, brittle failure, Johnson-Cook dynamic
failure, etc.
12
Section Failure Output (SFailRatio)
Available in Abaqus/Explicit as a whole element output
This failure measure represents the ratio between the number of failed plies
through the thickness and the total number of layers
Its values should be between zero (none of the layers failed) and one (all of the
layers failed)
Available for all failure models in Abaqus/Explicit, including: progressive damage
models, shear failure, porous failure, brittle failure, Johnson-Cook dynamic
failure, etc.
13
Section Failure Output: Example 1
Three-Layers Composite shell structure with progressive damage; model
constrained at the ends and bent in the middle
elements in the middle have 2 elements in the middle have all 3 plies failed for 2 middle
1 failed ply 2 failed plies and the adjacent elements
only 1 (none at the ends)
14
Material point Status (StatusMp)
Available in Abaqus/Explicit as a material point output
Complements the existing whole element output (Status) and the newly added
SFailRatio output
Example: StatusMp output in a 36-layers composite structure crushed by a rigid ball:
StatusMp is for the first section point in the bottom Layer ( SFailRatio and Status are also
shown to have a better understanding of the results)
15
Reaction Force Output for Media Transport
The reaction force (RF) at the inlet and outlet control nodes for the conveyor belt
previously not available can now be requested for output.
Example: Conveyor belt with prescribed boundary conditions at both control nodes.
16
Overview
1 Release Schedule
5 User subroutines
6 Miscellaneous
17
Tracer particles for CEL - Introduction
A new enhancement to the Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) technology
Development is based on the existing tracer particle technology for ALE
Same user interface

Already supported by Viewer
Better performance with the elimination of the calculator
Tracer particles are created at the selected nodes of the Eulerian mesh
Tracer particles follow the motion of material points
Displacement of a particular tracer particle is updated during the Lagrangian step, and the
iso-parametric coordinates of the particle is updated after remeshing.
The user can extract material point results such as pressure with tracer particles
The displacement of the tracer particles is independent of the interface reconstruction; therefore,
the particles initially located on the material interface might drift from the interface during the
analysis due to numerical error.
Tracer particles are deactivated once they reach the domain boundary or enter an void element
18
Tracer particles for CEL – Keyword User interface
*Step
*TRACER PARTICLE, TRACERSET=TSET, PARTICLE BIRTH STAGES=n
*OUTPUT, FIELD
*NODE OUTPUT, TRACERSET=TSET
U,
*OUTPUT, HISTORY
*NODE OUTPUT, TRACERSET=TSET
U,V,A
*ELEMENT OUTPUT, TRACERSET=TSET
PRESS
Abaqus/Viewer supports tracer particles
19
Tracer particles for CEL
Tracer particles follow the material motion in CEL simulations and allow
extraction of material point results.
Tank sloshing example with tracer particles
20
Tracer particles for CEL
Performance test
All tests were run on code7sim with 8 CPUs
With tracers Without tracers

Model (seconds) (seconds)
Blast
(294k elements, 3400 tracer particles) 1607 1578
Sloshing
(13k elements, 2940 tracer particles) 1080 862
Flat airbag
(52.5k elements, 1440 tracer particles) 602 582
Limitations
Tracer particles cannot be used when Eulerian mesh motion is activated
Tracer particles in the same tracer set have to be created at nodes of the same Eulerian
section
21
SPH Enhancements
Element conversion based on uniform background grids
In contrast to the current conversion method based on particles generated per parent
element, this new conversion technique allows user to generate a uniform distribution of
particles based on a uniform background grid.

Using an initially uniform distribution of particles is usually recommended since it can help
improve the accuracy of the results.
When particles are generated based on the uniform background grid method, the user can
specify the thickness of the generated particles to be either variable or uniform.
The thickness of the particles is primarily used for resolving initial overclosures between the
particles and the surfaces in the general contact domain, and it does not affect the
particle’s volume and mass.
In ABAQUS 6.14 and previous versions,

conversion is done based on individual
parent element, which may render non-
uniformly distributed particles and affect
the accuracy of results
22
SPH Enhancements
Element conversion based on uniform background grids - Keyword User interface
To activate element conversion using a uniform background grid:
*SECTION CONTROLS, ELEMENT CONVERSION=BACKGROUND GRID

To define the thickness of the generated particles:
*SECTION CONTROLS, PARTICLE THICKNESS = VARIABLE (default)
*SECTION CONTROLS, PARTICLE THICKNESS = UNIFORM
Comparison between element

conversion based on uniform
background grids and the
traditional element conversion
23
SPH Enhancements
2nd comparison between element conversion based on uniform background
grids and the traditional element conversion
Uniform grid Parent elements
24
SPH Enhancements
Uniform background grid conversion for
a more complex geometry ---
Cardiovascular blood flow
Element conversion based on uniform

background grids is used to model blood
in heart
Blood ejected from the left ventricle to
aorta due to heart contraction
A mechanical aorta valve opens to allow
particles travel from ventricle to aorta
25
SPH Enhancements
Improved boundary behavior for SPH modeling of fluid flow-type problem
Current SPH (ABAQUS 6.14) models fluid-wall boundary via contact, may lack accuracy
due to in-complete neighboring support, and can not model adhesion properly
New BC works for flow-type models, which improves accuracy and is also able to model
adhesion
Sloshing test in ABAQUS 6.14 Sloshing test with the new BC
26
SPH Enhancements - new SPH BC
Introduction of virtual particles improves accuracy of SPH wall conditions.
User interface for new SPH BC
*SURFACE INTERACTION
*SPH SURFACE BEHAVIOR, TYPE=FREE SLIP / NO SLIP
Use free-slip BC if viscosity is low / velocity is high
Use no-slip for “sticky” type flow problems (high viscosity and low velocity)
Fluid
particles
Virtual
i
particles
Boundary wall
27
Comparison of sloshing test between ABAQUS 6.14 and the new SPH BC
implementation
New BC prevent a complete separation of the fluid from the wall
Improve the accuracy of results for particles close to the wall
ABAQUS 6.14 ABAQUS 2016

Complete
separation
Cavity
formed
28
Comparison of a dam break problem between ABAQUS 6.14 and the new SPH
BC implementation
New BC models more realistic flow patterns
Improve the accuracy of results for particles close to the wall
ABAQUS 6.14 ABAQUS 2016
Non-physical
separation
Cavity
formed
29
SPH new BC application: “Drain down” analysis .
Emptying a water-filled hemispherical tank (with a hole in the bottom)
Traditional element conversion based on hexahedral elements

Free slip BC is applied between SPH particles and tank surfaces
Drain time is about 20 seconds
30
New no-slip BC validation: Poiseuille Flow
Constant pressure gradient is applied on fluids in a circular pipe along the flow
direction
Uniform grid element conversion is used to model water

No-slip BC is applied on circular wall
Compared to theoretical solution of velocity
Fluid density: ρ=1000 kg/m3
Viscosity: μ=500 Pa s
Gravity: g=5N/Kg
SPH radius: R=0.1m
31
DEM particle generation
 You can now easily generate DEM particles during the course of an analysis
 You can also generate particles to set up a complex model

 Particle generation can now be based on:

 Evolvinginlet surfaces
 User-specified size distribution
Screen Sorter
 User-specified mass flow rate
 User-specified inlet velocity
 Generators can include multiple facets
 Each generator can generate multiple

species (each with its own PDF for size)
32
DEM particle generation – Keyword User Interface
*PARTICLE GENERATOR, NAME=GeneratorName, TYPE=PD3D, MAX NUM OF
PARTICLES=
*PARTICLE GENERATOR INLET, Surface = SurfaceName
*PARTICLE GENERATOR MIXTURE \\(define constituency of the mixture being pumped)

Data line 1: ElsetPhase_1, ElsetPhase_n,
*PROBABILITY DENSITY FUNCTION, Name=PDF_name, TYPE= Unif/normal/
logNormal/PiecewiseLinear
Data line: Rmin, Rmax, Mean, Variance / uniform/lognormal, Rmin fN1,
R2,fN2, … Rmax / PiecewiseLinear
*DISCRETE SECTION, ELSET= ElsetPhase_i, Density=,
Data line: PDF _name_phase_i
*SURFACE, name=Surf_Phase_i
Data line:ElsetPhase_i
*CONTACT INCLUSIONS, CONTACT PROPERTY ASSIGNMENT
*PARTICLE GENERATOR FLOW, Generator= GeneratorName
History data
Data line: Ampl_flowspeed, Ampl_massFlowRate_phase_1, …,
Ampl_massFlowRate_phase_n
New in 2016 Exists already
33
34
Expanding inlet
Rotating inlet
DEM particle generation – Inlet Motion
Moving inlet
DEM particle generation – Varying Mass Flow Rate
 4 Generator each generating multiple Species with constant flow speed.
*amplitude,
name=MassFlow
<MFTime_1>,<MFamp_1>,
MFTime_1=0.000
MFamp_1=0.00000005
MFTime_2=0.005
MFamp_2=0.00000001
MFTime_3=0.01
MFamp_3=0.00000005
Particle generator shuts down because it has

exhausted the Maximum number of particles
35
 Truncated normal distribution
 Piece-wise linear probability density function

Colors show particle size
36
 Discrete Probability density function
PROBABILITY DENSITY FUNCTION, Name=PDF_name, TYPE=DISCRETE
Data line: R1, P1, R2, P2, … Rn,PN

Note: Abaqus automatically re-normalizes such that P1+P2+P3+…+PN = 1
Example throwing of 2 dice
37
DEM particle interactions
 Simplified specification
of Hertz
normal contact between particles
 Adhesive contact based upon the

Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR)
model has been introduced
Comparison of mixing process, without and with

adhesion
38
 Hertz Normal contact between particles Note: Hertz contact stiffness is a non-
linear function of indentation.
*DISCRETE SECTION, ELSET=DG1 F(d)

*DISCRETE ELASTICITY
E_effective, nu_effective
*DISCRETE SECTION, ELSET=DG2
Force
*DISCRETE ELASTICITY K_max
*surface, type=element, name=DG1_surf
DG1
*surface, type=element, name=DG2_surf d
Identation
DG2
*surface interaction
*surface Behavior, PRESSURE-OVERCLOSURE = HERTZ
K_Max
Note: K_max is the limiting value of stifness
39
 JKR Normal adhesive contact between particles Note: Adhesion is triggered
upon contact
*DISCRETE ELASTICITY
*DISCRETE ELASTICITY F(d)
Force
K_max
*surface, type=element, name=DG1_surf
DG1
*surface, type=element, name=DG2_surf d
Identation
DG2
*surface interaction
*surface Behavior, PRESSURE-OVERCLOSURE = JKR
Surface Energy, K_Max, (SHIFTED)
Note: K_max is the limiting value of stifness
40
Overview
1 Release Schedule
5 User subroutines
6 Miscellaneous
41
User-defined creep in Abaqus/Explicit
Via new user subroutine VUCREEPNETWORK
Similar to UCREEPNETWORK previously available in /Std
Allows the definition of creep laws of the general form
42
VDFLUX user subroutine
Can be used in Abaqus/Explicit to specify nonuniform distributed fluxes in a
dynamic coupled temperature-displacement analysis
can be used to define the variation of the distributed flux as a function of position,
temperature, time, velocity, element number, etc., for a group of points in a dynamic
coupled thermal-stress analysis using explicit integration (*Dynamic Temperature-
displacement);
will be called at each flux integration point associated with each element-based or
surface-based nonuniform distributed flux definition in the analysis
recognizes an amplitude reference if it appears with the associated nonuniform flux
definition.
43
VDFLUX user subroutine - Interface
subroutine vdflux (
C Read only (unmodifiable)variables -
1 nblock, ndim, kStep, kIncr, stepTime, totalTime, jUid,

2 amplitude, temp, curCoords, velocity, dirCos, jltyp, sname,
C Write only (modifiable) variable -
1 value )
include 'vaba_param.inc'
dimension curCoords(nblock,ndim), velocity(nblock,ndim),
1 jUid(nblock), dirCos(nblock,ndim,ndim), temp(nblock),
2 value(nblock)
character*80 sname
do 100 km = 1, nblock
user coding to define value
100 continue
return
end
44
VDFLUX user subroutine – Testing/Examples
Testing was performed for all of the two-dimensional and three-dimensional
coupled-temperatured displacement elements available in Abaqus/Explicit. In these
tests results obtained with the usual thermal flux loads were compared to the results
obtained by using the VDFLUX user subroutine (to apply the same flux load
magnitude). One example of this type of testing is shown below:
Usual Thermal Load VDFLUX user defined loads VDFLUX subroutine code
*DFLUX,amp=step *DFLUX,amp=step if( jltyp .eq. 11 .or. jltyp .eq. 13 ) then

TOP-S1,S1,0.15 TOP-S1, S1Nu do k = 1, nblock
TOP-S3,S3,0.15 TOP-S3, S3Nu value(k) = 0.15d0*amplitude
*DFLUX,amp=step *DFLUX,amp=step end do
ALL,BF, 1e+2 ALL,BFNu if( jltyp .eq. 1 ) then
*DSFLUX,amp=step *DSFLUX,amp=step ….
srf-bot, S,1.20 srf-bot, S,1.20 if(sname(1:7).eq.‘srf-bot'.and.jltyp.eq.0)
.…
45
C3D10MT elements—the results of the two analyses are the same
Usual Thermal Flux Load VDFLUX User Subrotine
46
Laser cutting example using VDFLUX user subroutine
Three laser beams positioned above a moving plate for the purpose of cutting three
straight channels
curCoords and dirCos are used to apply the laser fluxes on the element facets
The material melts/fails when it reaches a certain temperature (VUSDFLD user subroutine
is used for the material removal)
Beginning of the analysis At half-time of the cutting cycle End of the analysis
47
Overview
1 Release Schedule
5 User subroutines
6 Miscellaneous
48
Mass Adjust Improvements
Previous functionality
The MASS ADJUST functionality was intended to set the net mass of a component to a
known value and/or redistribute to reach a target time increment

The specified mass can be set in-proportion to the pre-adjusted mass of the element:
*Mass Adjust
elset1, mass_elset1
or it can be redistributed to raise the minimum stable time increment to a target value:
*Mass Adjust
elset1, mass_elset1, dt_value1
The mass can also be redistributed without altering the total mass of the elset (replace mass value
with the “word” CURRENT)
*Mass Adjust
elset1, CURRENT, dt_value
49
The Mass Adjust functionality has been enhanced in Abaqus2016 to include
Mass Adjust specified using a mass scale factor and redistribute to maximize the time
increment
Two options:
Maximize the stable time increment by redistributing the total mass
Maximize the stable time increment by redistributing only the added mass
These choices of mass redistribution affect the center of mass and the principal directions of
rotary inertia (redistributing only the added mass with a relatively small scale factor may have a
lesser impact)
Mass Adjust specified using a mass scale factor to redistribute mass uniformly
Does not affect the center of mass and the principal directions of rotary inertia of the model
50
Maximizing the stable time increment by redistributing the total mass
With this option the total element mass (the pre-adjusted mass plus the added mass) will
be redistributed among elements to maximize the stable time increment

All elements in the element set will have the same stable time increment within a
tolerance.
Keword Interface
*MASS ADJUST
elem_set_name, , MAXIMIZE, scale_factor, REDIST
If the scale factor is omitted a default value of one is used to maximize the time increment
51
Example:
52
Maximizing the stable time increment by redistributing the added mass only
With this option only the added mass will be redistributed among elements to maximize
the stable time increment

Elements in the elset may not have the same stable time increment after redistribution
Keword Interface
*MASS ADJUST
elem_set_name, , MAXIMIZE, scale_factor, ADD
The scale factor must be greater than one
53
Example: *Mass adjust
EPLATE, ,MAXIMIZE, 1.01, ADD
54
Example: *Mass adjust
EPLATE, ,MAXIMIZE, 1.05, ADD
55
Preview
Next eSeminar
Wednesday, 2nd of March, 15:00
Topic: What’s New in Simulia? – Update Tosca, Isight & fe-safe 2016
Thank you for your attention!
56
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3DS.COM © Dassault Systèmes | Confidential Information | 2/19/2016 | ref.

What’s New in Abaqus?

4 CEL/SPH and DEM enhancements

Abaqus Abaqus 2016

4 CEL/SPH and DEM enhancements

Model laminated shale structures in the overburden above hydrocarbon

4 CEL/SPH and DEM enhancements

CDISP “family” of output variables added

New member of this family: CSLIPEQ (total slip length)

Two new contact output variables can be used to define sensors

XNn - center of the total force due to contact

through the thickness and the total number of layers

through the thickness and the total number of layers

4 CEL/SPH and DEM enhancements

Same user interface

Abaqus/Viewer supports tracer particles

Tank sloshing example with tracer particles

With tracers Without tracers

particles based on a uniform background grid.

In ABAQUS 6.14 and previous versions,

*SECTION CONTROLS, ELEMENT CONVERSION=BACKGROUND GRID

Comparison between element

Uniform grid Parent elements

Element conversion based on uniform

Sloshing test in ABAQUS 6.14 Sloshing test with the new BC

Improve the accuracy of results for particles close to the wall

ABAQUS 6.14 ABAQUS 2016

Improve the accuracy of results for particles close to the wall

ABAQUS 6.14 ABAQUS 2016

Traditional element conversion based on hexahedral elements

Uniform grid element conversion is used to model water

Fluid density: ρ=1000 kg/m3

SPH radius: R=0.1m

 You can also generate particles to set up a complex model

 Particle generation can now be based on:

 Generators can include multiple facets

 Each generator can generate multiple

*PARTICLE GENERATOR MIXTURE \\(define constituency of the mixture being pumped)

New in 2016 Exists already

Particle generator shuts down because it has

 Piece-wise linear probability density function

Data line: R1, P1, R2, P2, … Rn,PN

Example throwing of 2 dice

 Adhesive contact based upon the

Comparison of mixing process, without and with

*DISCRETE SECTION, ELSET=DG1 F(d)

Note: K_max is the limiting value of stifness

Note: K_max is the limiting value of stifness

4 CEL/SPH and DEM enhancements

Allows the definition of creep laws of the general form

1 nblock, ndim, kStep, kIncr, stepTime, totalTime, jUid,

*DFLUX,amp=step *DFLUX,amp=step if( jltyp .eq. 11 .or. jltyp .eq. 13 ) then

Usual Thermal Flux Load VDFLUX User Subrotine

4 CEL/SPH and DEM enhancements

known value and/or redistribute to reach a target time increment

be redistributed among elements to maximize the stable time increment

the stable time increment

The scale factor must be greater than one

EPLATE, ,MAXIMIZE, 1.01, ADD

EPLATE, ,MAXIMIZE, 1.05, ADD

Thank you for your attention!

You might also like

DFLUX,amp=step DFLUX,amp=step if( jltyp .eq. 11 .or. jltyp .eq. 13 ) then