CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. BACKGROUND
Besides of poetry and prose, drama is also acknowledged as a part of literary works.
Drama is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance. The term comes from a
Greek word meaning "action" (Classical Greek: δρᾶμα, drama), which is derived from "to
do" (Classical Greek: δράω, drao). The Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle used this term
in a very influential treatise called the Poetics. In this text, Aristotle classified different forms
of poetry according to basic features he thought could be commonly recognized in their
composition. He used the term ‘drama’ to describe poetic compositions that were ‘acted’ in
front of audiences in a theatron. The enactment of drama in theatre, performed by actors on a
stage before an audience, presupposes collaborative modes of production and a collective
form of reception. The structure of dramatic texts, unlike other forms of literature, is directly
influenced by this collaborative production and collective reception.
B. ELEMENTS OF DRAMA
Since drama implicitly means an ‘action’, this becomes the essence of dramatic
composition. Drama’s genesis has closely related to human characteristics like imitating and
making others believe with its effort to make a story live through action. According to
Aristotle, there are six essential elements of drama: plot, theme, character, language, music,
and spectacle. In addition, there are thirteen kinds or genres in a drama, some of them are
tragedy, comedy, epic, improvisation drama and so on. To study about drama is so beneficial
especially for an English student because it really can improve the four comprehension skills
in English language learning, and also can strengthen self-concept by cooperative interaction
with others. In this paper, a further explanation about drama terms will be discussed more so
hopefully, this will support in understanding Drama matters much better.
 CHAPTER II
ANALYSIS

A. THEME
Theme is the meaning, but it is not “hidden,” and it is not illustrated. Theme is meaning
the drama releases; it may be the meaning the drama discovers. By theme we mean the
necessary implications of the whole drama; not a separable part of the drama. The theme of
the drama “The One Who Came and Dined” is someone who is easy to believe a strange
person.
In relation to this, the subject matter is about an ease to believe, so the message is do not
be easy to believe a strange person or everyone whom you just meet at first time.
B. CHARACTER
Character is the personality or the part an actor represents in a play; a role which is
played by an actor/ actress in a story/ drama.
There are three kinds of characters which we will analyze. Those are:
1. The character base on their characteristic
a. Protagonist character
o Innkeeper
She is kind man
o Husband
He love and care to his wife who become innkeeper.
b. Antagonist character.
o The tramp
Honestly in the beginning of the story, we could not conclude whether the
tramp antagonist or Protagonist character.
2. The characters based on the role:
a. The major (main) character:
o Innkeeper
In the story of “the one who came and dined”, one of the main characters is
innkeeper.
o The tramp
The tramp is one of the characters in this story. It tells us an event.

b. The minor (supporting) characters are :

 o Husband
In the story, husband is minor character. Because, he does not much build
or develop the story. He is not the whole of the story. Even the story
without “Husband” it can still developed.
3. The characters base on character quality:
a. Round character.
In this short story the character that has round characteristic is innkeeper. Her
character changed.

b. Flat character
Husband and the tramp have flat characteristic. We only know their
characteristics from one side which it does not change until the end of the story.
The writer also characterized the character in various ways:
1. The innkeeper
a. The innkeeper is characterized as hard working. We know it from this dialogue:
“Yes, I’ m busy. I am an innkeeper, you know! I must prepare food for my
customers tomorrow.”
b. She is an ambition person to be rich. We know it from this sentence:
“I am gonna be rich, very rich! Andy must know this! ”
2. The tramp
The tramp is characterized as a liar.
C. PLOT
Plot is a series of events which build a drama, an ordered, organized sequence of events
and actions
1. Structure of Plot
a. Beginning
It contains in the exposition of drama. The beginning of this drama happened when
the innkeeper has been prepared the meal. She relaxes in her kitchen when someone
is knocking the door and asks to come in. Suddenly, the tramp comes in and asks to
sit and warm him near the fire inside of her house.
b. Middle
o Complication
The complication happened when the tramp wants to eat the soup made by
innkeeper, but she does not let him to get the soup, even the smell. Then, the
 tramp attempt to persuade the innkeeper by saying that he will give her the secret
recipe of stone soup if she let him to eat. The innkeeper fixated his persuasion;
she thinks that she will be rich by selling the stone soup because it does not cost a
lot of money. She lets the tramp showing how to make a stone soup and prepares
the dishes for the tramp as its attempt to persuade.
o Climax
Climax is the top of the conflict in the term of drama. The climax is when the
innkeeper wakes up her husband to tell him that she can make a stone soup and
they will be rich by selling that soup. Unfortunately, when they come to their
kitchen to see the soup, all of the vegetables and chicken are gone and the tramp
also disappears.
c. Ending
o Turning Point
She just realizes that the tramp lies to her; he just wants to steal her meal. When
the tramp asks her to smell the stone soup, actually the smell does not come from
the stone soup but comes from her soup.
o Resolution
The innkeeper asks her husband to catch the tramp
2. Kind of conflicts
a. Internal
It is kind of psychological conflict which happened to the character itself. Kinds of
internal conflict here are the regret and angry feeling of the innkeeper after she has
known that the tramp lies to her, and all of his meals are stolen by him.
b. External
It is a conflict happened between the character individual and others. It may be
happened between the characters and other or between the characters and things.
Here, the external conflict is between the innkeeper and the tramp. The tramp lies to
the innkeeper by saying that he can make the stone soup and he will show how to
make it if the innkeeper gives him meals. The innkeeper believes it and gives what
he wants, but in the end of the story, she knows that she has been laid.
3. Open and Close Plot
 In the open plot, the author gives a chance for the audience to create the ending by
themselves but in the close plot, the ending defined by the winter. This drama has close plot.
The author ends the story by showing that the tramp is laid to the innkeeper.
4. Laws of Plot
Laws of the plot are function to value whether the plot is good or not.
a. Plausibility
It means that the drama is reasonable or may happen in our life. This drama is
reasonable because the deception case often happened in our real life.
b. Suspense
It means that the drama makes the reader curious of the ending. This drama has the
suspense because the reader becomes very curious about the stone soup, whether it is
really made by real stone or not.
c. Surprised
It means that the drama gives the surprised which is not expected by the audience.
The surprise scene in this drama is when the innkeeper and her husband go to the
kitchen and find that the tramp is disappeared by stealing all vegetables and kitchen.
D. SETTING OF THIS STORY
The setting in this story is taken in many kinds of place such as:
1. Setting of place
a. In innkeeper house,
We can know that the setting is taken in her house because in the text of the story
explain that the tramp knocking the innkeeper door when he passed in front of her
house. This case can be proved in this sentence:
“I passed your house and saw the light inside and I knocked”
b. In the kitchen
We also identify that the setting is also happened in the kitchen because when the
tramp attempt to the innkeeper to enter her house then he comes to the kitchen. This
case can be proved in this sentence:
“You would of course permit me to sit and warm myself near the fire there”
c. Dining room
We conclude that the tramp invite her to plate two dishes for her and the tramp. This
case can be proved in this sentence:
“After dinner the tramp takes leave”
d. Bedroom
 We found that innkeeper going to the bedroom and she gets her husband up to enjoy
the new food from stone. This case can be proved in this sentence:
“Andy!!! Andy!! (Shake him) Andy! Andy wake up quickly, get up! Quick, Andy!
Andy!”
“The husband jumps out of bed, very much afraid”
2. Setting Time
a. Wind Howling
The tramp said that there is wind howling outside the house and he is very
cold so he needs the warm conditions. This case can be proved in this sentence:
“Don’t you hear the wind howling outside?”
At night/ middle night (around 10-12 p.m.)
The innkeeper prepares some food for the customer tomorrow, and also when
she got her husband up to eat the stone soup. This case can be proved in this
sentence:
”What you woke me up only to tell me you could make soup?! At this midnight”
“I passed your house and saw the light inside and i knocked”
” After dinner the tramp takes leave”
3. Setting in scenery and room interior:
a. Room Interior
o In the house “everything’s perfectly clean and tidy: the walls, the furniture, the
kitchen….why so artistic”
o The door and the window are closed.
b. Scenery
o The lighting lamp in her house
o Dark and cold
E. DICTION/LANGUAGE/DIALOGUE
It includes the word choices made by the playwright and the enunciation of the actors
delivering the lines. The language used in the dialogue is mostly simple. It is quite easy to
understand, just like our daily communication and there are no implicit meanings in the
dialogue. The writer uses some figure of speech such as hyperbole. The example is stated in
the dialogue when the tramp asks the meal to the innkeeper. He almost repeats some
statements, e.g.: “You are a nice lady”; “You are the most wonderful lady I ever met.” The
writer also uses the informal language, just common language applying in our daily life. In
addition, the language used is both polite and impolite, which is emerged in the dialogue
“The ugly dirty damn devil!”
F. GENRES AND KINDS OF DRAMA
This drama is a kind of tragicomedy because the story contains of tragic and comedy.
The tragic scene is when the innkeeper finds that the tramp has stolen all of her vegetables
and chicken, and the comedy scene is when her husband’s laughs of the his wife’s stupidity
by believing that she can make a stone soup and makes a lots of money by selling it.
G. STYLE OF DRAMA
The style is unrealistic because it is impossible to cook a stone soup in real life and also
to see that someone can earn much money by selling stone soup.
 CHAPTER III
CONCLUSION

Drama is acknowledged as a part of literary works. Drama is the specific mode of fiction
represented in performance. The term comes from a Greek word meaning "action", which is
derived from "to do". The enactment of drama in theatre, performed by actors on a stage
before an audience, presupposes collaborative modes of production and a collective form of
reception. The structure of dramatic texts, unlike other forms of literature, is directly
influenced by this collaborative production and collective reception. Since drama implicitly
means an ‘action’, this becomes the essence of dramatic composition. Drama’s genesis has
closely related to human characteristics like imitating and making others believe with its
effort to make a story live through action.
The drama “The One Who Came and Dined” is kind of story that tells us someone who
is easy to believe a strange person. In relation to this, the subject matter of it, is about an
easier to believe, so the message of this drama is do not be easy to believe a strange person or
everyone whom you just meet at first time. This drama has close plot. The author ends the
story by showing that the tramp is laid to the innkeeper.