Topic / Title Atoms : Inside Out

Grade Level Grade 8 –Science

November 11 – 15 , 2019
Time Allotment
240 minutes
Performance Standards

Learning Competencies and Objectives

At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. Define atomic mass and atomic number
2. Name and describe the subatomic particles .
3. Perform simple calculations involving mass number , atomic number , number of protons , neutrons and electrons.

ELICIT 20minutes MATERIALS

The teacher will ask the students to define the word below: LCD Projector
 An ATOM is defined as the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that Netbook/ Tarpapel
constitutes a chemical element . Every solid , liquid , gas and plasma is composed
of neutral or ionized atoms . Atoms are extremely small ; typical sizes are around
100 picometers.
 The three main subatomic particles that form an atom are PROTONS,
NEUTRONS , and ELECTRONS. The center of the atom is called the NUCLEUS.
 The MASS NUMBER , also called ATOMIC MASS NUMBER or NUCLEON
NUMBER , is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus. It ia
approximately equal to the atomic mass of the atom expressed in atomic mass
units.
 The ATOMIC NUMBER or PROTON NUMBER ( symbol Z ) of a chemical
elements is the number of protons found in the nucleus of every atom of that
element. The ATOMIC NUMBER uniquely identifies a chemical element. It is
identical to the charge number of the nucleus.

LS: Frame
Contextualization: Students may infer that all matter is made up of atoms. Atoms is the
basic unit of any element that still maintains the properties of that element. Because
atoms are far too small to see, their structure has always been something of a mystery .

ENGAGE 20 minutes
 Let the students watch the video clip about the development of the atomic * LCD Projector
theory (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0P3m_L-myog) * Laptop
 Post illustrations of the different atomic model. * Pictures of different atomic
model
Contextualization: The learners will appreciate the major contributions of the different
scientists in the development of the atomic theory.
Interdisciplinary: The answers to the question will demonstrate their proficiency in English
and analyzation.
EXPLORE 80 minutes
 Let the students perform an Activity 2: The Big Difference Activity folder, LCD
 They will visually compared the masses of the three subatomic particles. projector, /Laptop,tarpapel
 They will seen that protons and neutrons are “massive indeed “.
 They will answer the questions given about the activity.
 They will know that electron are very much lighter than the protons and
neutrons , to the point that its mass does not significantly contribute to the mass
of the entire atom .
 They will state the massive part of the atom , then , comes from the masses of the
protons and neutrons
Metacognition for stating knowledge
My chosen word is atom.
I know that I know something about atom.
First I know that atom is a fundamental piece of matter .
In addition, I know that an atom itself is made up of three tiny kinds of particles called
subatomic particles : protons , neutrons , and electrons. The protons and the neutrons
make up the center of the atom called the nucleus and the electrons fly around above the
nucleus in a small cloud.
Finally I know that atom is the smallest component of an element , characterized by a
sharing of the chemical properties of the element and a nucleus with neutrons , protons
and electrons.
Now, you know something that I know about atom.

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LS: Metacognition

EXPLAIN 40 minutes
 The teacher will explain the significance of studying the nature of atom. Projector, laptop
 HE/She will ask the students to compare the masses of the sub – atomic particles.
 He/She will describes the basic characteristics of the different sub atomic particles.
 Collectively , the protons and neutrons are called nucleons. The nucleons , tightly
packed together , form the nucleus in the center of the atom . Thus , most of the
mass of the atom is contained in its nucleus
 The description on the sub atomic particles will also be given emphasis

ELABORATE 40 minutes

What are atoms made of?

Now that we have talked about how atoms are combined to make other substances, let's
talk about the particles that make up the atom. Particles that are smaller than the atom are
called subatomic particles. The three main subatomic particles that form an atom are
protons, neutrons, and electrons. The center of the atom is called the nucleus. First, let's
learn a bit about protons and neutrons, and then we will talk about electrons a little later.

Protons and Neutrons

Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus of an atom. All protons are identical to each
other, and all neutrons are identical to each other. Protons have a positive electrical charge,
so they are often represented with the mark of a "+" sign. Neutrons have no electrical
charge and are said to help hold the protons together (protons are positively charged
particles and should repel each other).

If all protons are identical and all neutrons are identical, then what makes the atoms of two
different elements different from each other? For example, what makes a hydrogen atom
different from a helium atom? The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus give the
atoms their specific characteristics. In the graphic below you will notice that each of the
three elements have different numbers of protons and neutrons. They would also like to
have the same number of electrons as they have protons in order to stay electrically
balanced.

LS: Frame
Localization:
EVALUATE 20minutes
Pen and paper

Metacognition for Knowing Why

I know why studying about sub atomic particles is important.
One reason is to have an understanding how atom affect the lives of people on Earth.
A second reason is to be able to maximize the utilization of these learnings for the
maximum benefit of humankind.
Last, to provide and develop ideas about atom and its sub atomic particles.
For these three reasons, I know why learning and sharing these knowledge about the
atom and its sub atomic particle is a must.

LS: Metacognition

Interdisciplinary: Students will demonstrate their English proficiency.

Values Integration: Students will also aware about their positive and negative traits as a
person.

LS: Frame
EXTEND 20 minutes
Elements Atomic No. Atomic Protons Electrons Neutrons Pen and lecture notebook
Mass

Aluminum 13 30 13 13 17

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 Potassium 19 38 19 19 39

Sodium 11 12 11 11 1

Chlorine 17 18 17 17 1

Barium 56 137 56 56 81

Teacher’s Guide pages 136 - 137

Learner’s Guide pages 195 - 197

Note: The given time for each part is divided into 4 days.

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