SEDIMENTOLOGI

GL-2151
Dwiharso Nugroho, Dr. Ir. MT.
0811 236 230
dwiharso@gc.itb.ac.id
nuki.dnugroho@gmail.com
GL-2151: SEDIMENTOLOGI

• INTRODUCTION
• SEDIMENTARY ROCKS CLASSIFICATION
• SEDIMENTARY PROCESSES (SILICICLASTIC ROCKS)
– BOTTOM TRACTION AND SUSPENSION
– (GRAVITY) MASS FLOW
• DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT (SILICICLASTIC ROCKS)
• CARBONATE ROCKS (SYSTEM, PROCESSES AND EOD)
• FACIES AND SEDIMENTARY CYCLE
• FIELD SEDIMENTOLOGY
(Nichols, 2009)
 Batuan dibagi menjadi tiga jenis

• Batuan beku (igneous rock)

terbentuk dari hasil pendinginan dan kristalisasi magma di dalam bumi atau
di permukaan bumi
• Batuan sedimen (sedimentary rock)
terbentuk dari sedimentasi hasil rombakan batuan yang telah
ada, akumulasi material organik, atau hasil presipitasi dari
larutan
• Batuan metamorfik (metamorphic rock)
merupakan hasil perubahan dalam keadaan padat dari batuan yang telah
ada menjadi batuan yang mempunyai komposisi dan tekstur yang berbeda,
sebagai akibat perubahan panas, tekanan, kegiatan kimiawi atau
perpaduan ketiganya
 Sedimentary Rock Classification
o Sedimentary rock classification (genetic classification) :
oDetrital (siliciclastic) sediments – sediment transported as solid
particles
oChemical sediments – sediment that was once in solution
oBiogenic, Biochemical, and Organic sediments
oVolcaniclastic sediments

Problems (with
this
classification) :

We Do have
Carbonate
Clastic rocks
CONTEXT
(SEDIMENTOLOGY ..amongst the basic geology courses )

• PETROLOGY OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

• STRATIGRAPHY
• PALEONTOLOGY
 Sedimentology - Stratigraphy
Sedimentology is the study of
the processes of formation,
transport and deposition of
material that accumulates as
sediment in continental and marine
environments and eventually forms
sedimentary rocks.
Sed & Strat (Nichols, 2009)
Stratigraphy is the study of
rocks to determine the order
and timing of events in Earth
history: it provides the time frame that
allows us to interpret sedimentary
rocks in terms of dynamic
evolving environments
Sed & Strat (Nichols, 2009)
Sedimentology - Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentology is the study
of the processes of
formation, transport and
deposition of material that
accumulates as sediment in
continental and marine environments
and eventually forms sedimentary
rocks.
Sed & Strat (Nichols, 2009)
…this book emphasizes the properties of
sedimentary rocks rather than sedimentary
processes. Thus, it focuses on description
and discussion of mineralogic and chemical
composition, as well as the textures and
sedimentary structures that characterize
sedimentary rocks. Further, it discusses
application of insights derived from study
of rock properties to interpretation of their
origin, including provenance (sediment
source), depositional environments, and
diagenesis.
(Boggs Jr., 1991)
CONTEXT

• PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
• SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY ANALYSIS
• GEOLOGY WELL LOGGING
• SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY
• COAL GEOLOGY
• SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY
• DEVELOPMENT GEOLOGY
• STATIC RESERVOIR MODELING
• etc.
 GL-2151: SEDIMENTOLOGI
TOPIK Minggu

INTRODUCTION #1

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS CLASSIFICATION #2

SEDIMENTARY PROCESSES (SILICICLASTIC ROCKS) #3 -#5

Field Trip #1 (minggu #3 - #4) : Cibogo / Cinambo / Saturday

DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT (SILICICLASTIC ROCKS) #6 - #7

CARBONATE ROCKS #8 - #10

Field Trip #2 (minggu #9) : Padalarang (Cikamuning & Pr. Pabeasan) Saturday
FIELD SEDIMENTOLOGY, FACIES, AND SEDIMENTARY CYCLE #11 - #13

Field Trip #3 (minggu #12) : Jonggol Saturday

 GRADING

• Written tests (60%)

• Midterm (UTS) (30%)
• Final (UAS) (30%)
• Practical Work Sessions and Reading
Assignment (30%)
• Quiz (10%)
• Cheating (any kind..) = E
 Batuan dibagi menjadi tiga jenis

• Batuan beku (igneous rock)

terbentuk dari hasil pendinginan dan kristalisasi magma di dalam bumi atau
di permukaan bumi
• Batuan sedimen (sedimentary rock)
terbentuk dari sedimentasi hasil rombakan batuan yang telah
ada, akumulasi material organik, atau hasil presipitasi dari
larutan
• Batuan metamorfik (metamorphic rock)
merupakan hasil perubahan dalam keadaan padat dari batuan yang telah
ada menjadi batuan yang mempunyai komposisi dan tekstur yang berbeda,
sebagai akibat perubahan panas, tekanan, kegiatan kimiawi atau
perpaduan ketiganya
 Sedimentary Rocks

• <5% (by volume) of crustal rocks

• >75% of rock outcrops on continents
• Indicators of surficial geological processes &
environment, geological history
• Critical mineral resources (coal, petroleum,
natural gas, iron, aluminum, etc.)
 Sedimentary Rock Classification
o Sedimentary rock classification (genetic classification) :
oDetrital (siliciclastic) sediments – sediment transported as solid
particles
oChemical sediments – sediment that was once in solution
oBiogenic, Biochemical, and Organic sediments
oVolcaniclastic sediments

Problems (with
this
classification) :

We Do have
Carbonate
Clastic rocks
Formation of Sedimentary Rocks
1. Weathering of original
rocks
2. Transportation and
deposition of
sediments
3. Diagenesis – turning
sediments into
sedimentary rocks
 5.
7. 2. 3. Ukuran Butir
Struktur Sedimen Variasi Litologi Ketebalan Grain Size
Sedimentary Structure Lithological Variation Thickness

1.
Jenis Batuan
Lithology

6.
Tektur Batuan lainnya
Other Sed. Rock’s Textural
Aspects
(Color, Grain Shapes
[Roundness, Sphericity), etc.

11. 9. 8. 4.
Fosil Jejak Pola Penumpukkan Suksesi Vertikal Kontak Lapisan
IchnoFossil 10. Stacking Pattern Vertical Sucession
Fosil
Fossil