MECHANICAL 15070

P & T Architects and Engineers Ltd. MECHANICAL SOUND, VIBRATION AN

SEISMIC CONTROL

SECTION 15070
MECHANICAL SOUND, VIBRATION AND SEISMIC CONTROL

PART - 1 GENERAL

1.1 DESCRIPTION
A. General:
1. Furnish all labour, materials, tools, equipment, and services for all
mechanical sound, vibration & seismic control as indicated, in accord with
provisions of Contract Documents.
2. Completely coordinate with work of all other trades.
3. Although such work is not specifically indicated, furnish and install all
supplementary or miscellaneous items, appurtenances and devices
incidental to or necessary for a sound secure and complete installation.
4. Recommendation from Acoustic consultant’s Report and details must be
followed.
5. See Section 15050 – “GENERAL MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS AND
SCOPE OF WORKS” for system requirements and contractor scope of
Works.

B. Description of systems:
1. Neoprene Pads.
2. Vibration Isolation Springs.
3. All-Directional Anchors.
4. Neoprene Mountings.
5. Spring Isolators, Vertically-Restrained.
6. Thrust Restraints.
7. Fabricated Equipment Bases.
8. Inertia Base Frames.
9. Isolation Hangers.
10. Flexible Pipe Connectors.

C. Related sections:
1. Section 15640 – packaged Type Cooling Towers
2. Section 15720 – Air Handling Units
3. Section 15130 – HVAC Pumps
4. Section 15830 – Fans
5. Section 15060 – Hangers and Supports
6. Section 15105 – Pipe and Tubes
7. Section 15810 – Ductwork and Duct Accessories
8. Section 13930 – Standpipe and Hoses
9. Section 13940 – Fire Pumps and Risers
10. Section 15140 – Domestic Water Piping System

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11. Section 15150 – Sanitary Waste, Vents and Storm Piping

12. Section 15440 – Plumbing Pumps
13. Specialist Report and specifications

1.2 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Manufacturer's Qualifications: Firms regularly engaged in manufacture of

vibration control products, of type, size, and capacity required, whose
products have been in satisfactory use in similar service for not less than 5
years.
1. Except as otherwise indicated, obtain vibration control products from
single manufacturer.
2. Engage a specialist for support and vibration to prepare necessary
calculations. Submit specialist qualification for engineer's approval.

B. Noise Criteria:

1. Noise levels in all 8 octave bands due to equipment and duct systems
shall not exceed NC 35 within the occupied room, except as mentioned
in the design guidelines.
2. For equipment which has no sound power ratings scheduled on the
plans, the contractor shall select equipment such that the fore-going
noise criteria, local ordinance noise levels, and OSHA requirements are
not exceeded. Selection procedure shall be in accordance with ASHRAE
1999 HVAC Applications Handbook, Chapter 43, SOUND AND
VIBRATION CONTROL. Cooling Tower shall not exceed 75 dB at 3
metre.
3. An allowance, not to exceed 5db, may be added to the measured value
to compensate for the variation of the room attenuating effect between
room test condition prior to occupancy and design condition after
occupancy which may include the addition of sound absorbing material,
such as, furniture. This allowance may not be taken after occupancy.
The room attenuating effect is defined as the difference between sound
power level emitted to room and sound pressure level in room.
4. In absence of specified measurement requirements, measure equipment
noise levels one meter from equipment and at an elevation of maximum
noise generation.

C. Seismic Restraint and Vibration Control Requirements:

All mechanical equipment, piping and ductwork as noted on the equipment

schedule or in the specification shall be mounted on vibration isolators to
prevent the transmission of vibration and mechanically transmitted sound to
the building structure. Vibration isolators shall be selected in accordance
with the weight distribution so as to produce reasonably uniform deflections.
All isolators and isolation materials shall be of the same manufacturer and
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shall be certified by the manufacturer.

It is the intent of the seismic portion of this specification to keep all
mechanical and electrical building system components in place during a
seismic event.
1. For equipment:
a. All mechanical equipment shall be suitable for applications
requiring equipment anchorage to resist seismic forces of project
Seismic Zone, as per the local codes and authority
requirements.
b. All mechanical equipment not supported with isolators external
to the unit shall be securely anchored to the structure. Such
mechanical equipment shall be properly supported to resist a
horizontal force of 20 percent of the weight of the equipment
furnished.
c. All mechanical equipment mounted on vibration isolators shall be
provided with seismic restraints capable of resisting a horizontal
force of 20 percent of the weight of the equipment furnished.
d. Mechanical Equipment: Mechanical equipment to be seismically
protected shall include the following items to the extent required
on the Drawings or in other Sections of the Specification:

1. Expansion air separator tanks.

2. Valves and fittings for piping.
3. Cooling towers.
4. Air and refrigerant compressors.
5. Refrigerant piping.
6. Air handling units.
7. Pumps with motors.
8. Ducts.
9. Exhaust and return fan
2. For piping:
a. Mechanical Systems: The following mechanical systems shall
be installed as required on the Drawings and other Sections of
the Specification and shall be seismically protected in
accordance with this Specification:
1. All Piping inside the building except as specifically Stated
below Under "Items Not Covered by This Section".
2. All water supply systems.
3. Storm and sanitary sewer systems.

D. Allowable Vibration Tolerances for All Rotating, Non-reciprocating Equipment:

Not to exceed a self-excited vibration maximum velocity as per guideline from
ISO 10816-1 standard, filter in, when measured with a vibration meter on
bearing caps of machine in vertical, horizontal and axial directions or
measured at equipment mounting feet if bearings are concealed.
Measurements for internally isolated fans and motors may be made at the

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mounting feet.

E. The contractor shall employ an Acoustic Specialist to ensure he meets the

criteria.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: Submit manufacturer's technical product data and installation

instructions for each type of vibration control product. Submit schedule
showing size, type, deflection, and location for each product furnished.
Manufacturer's Literature shall include:
1. Vibration isolators:
a. Floor mountings.
b. Hangers.
c. Snubbers.
d. Thrust restraints.
2. Bases.
3. Seismic restraint provisions and bolting.
4. Acoustical enclosures.

B. Isolator manufacturer shall furnish with submittal load calculations for

selection of isolators, including supplemental bases, based on lowest
operating speed of equipment supported.

C. Seismic Requirements: Submittals are required for all equipment anchors,

supports and seismic restraints. Submittals shall include weights, dimensions,
standard connections, manufacturer's recommendations, behavior problems
(vibration, thermal, expansion etc.) associated with equipment or piping

D. Shop Drawings: Submit manufacturer's assembly-type shop drawings

indicating dimensions, weights, required clearances, and method of assembly
of components. Detail bases, and show location of equipment anchoring
points, coordinated with equipment manufacturer's shop drawings.

E. Maintenance Data: Submit maintenance data for each type of vibration

control product. Include this data, product data, and shop drawings in
maintenance manual; in accordance with requirements of Division 15050.

F. Seismic Certification and Analysis:

1. Seismic restraint calculations must be provided for all connections of
equipment to the structure. Calculations must be stamped & certified
by professional engineer with at least ten years of seismic design
experience in the GCC. Professional Engineer must be registered /
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certified by manufacturer. Professional Engineer shall be covered by

Professional Indemnity Insurance
2. All restraining devices shall have a preapproval number from OSHPD
or some other recognized government agency showing maximum
restraint ratings. Preapprovals based on independent testing are
preferred to preapprovals based on calculations. Where preapproved
devices are not available, submittals based on independent testing are
preferred. Calculations (including the combining of tensile and shear
loadings) to support seismic restraint designs must be stamped by a
registered professional engineer with at least five years of seismic
design experience and licensed. Testing and calculations must include
both shear and tensile loads as well as one test or analysis at 45Ε to
the weakest mode.
3. Analysis must indicate calculated dead loads, static seismic loads and
capacity of materials utilized for connections to equipment and
structure. Analysis must detail anchoring methods, bolt diameter,
embedment and/or welded length. All seismic restraint devices shall be
designed to accept, without failure, the forces detailed in section 1.06
acting through the equipment center of gravity. Overturning moments
may exceed forces at ground level.

1.4 MANUFACTURERS RESPONSIBILITY

Manufacturer of vibration isolation and seismic control equipment shall have

the following responsibilities:

1. Determine vibration isolation and seismic restraint sizes and locations.

2. Provide vibration isolation and seismic restraints as scheduled or
specified.
3. Provide calculations and materials if required for restraint of un-isolated
equipment.
4. Provide installation instructions, drawings and trained field supervision
to insure proper installation and performance.

1.5 CODE AND STANDARD REQUIRMENTS

A. International Building Code

B. Unified Building code UBC97
C. Ashrae Practical Guide to Seismic Restraints

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PART - 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 GENERAL

A. Provide piping and equipment isolation systems as specified and as indicated

on drawings.
B. Select vibration isolators in accordance with weight distribution to produce
reasonably uniform deflection.
C. Provide vibration isolation and seismic control equipment including
mountings, hangers, structural steel bases, welded concrete pouring forms
and flexible pipe connectors from a single manufacturer of vibration isolation
equipment.
D. Coat vibration isolation systems exposed to moisture and an outdoor
environment as follows:
1. Steel parts to be hot dipped galvanized.
2. Bolts to be cadmium plated.
3. Springs to be powder coated.

E. Sound Data Schedule

Sound Data Schedule

Equipment Maximum Sound Power Level (dB)

Octave Band Level Center Frequency (Hz)

63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000

Air Handling 94 90 89 89 89 84 82 79
Unit
Make-Up Air 91 91 80 84 82 76 71 65
Fan
Air 100 96 90 89 86 80 75 72
Conditioning
Unit
Pump 85 80 82 82 80 77 74 72

Fan 55 50 48 47 48 46 42 37

2.2 VIBRATION ISOLATORS, HANGERS

A. Equipment mounting isolators

1. Type 1 isolators: Double deflection neoprene mountings.

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a. Two layers of 3/4" (19mm) thick neoprene pad consisting of 2" (50mm)
square waffle modules separated horizontally by a 16 (1.5mm) gauge
galvanized shim. Minimum static deflection should be 8 mm.
b. Neoprene element should be color coded.
c. Friction pads both top and bottom to eliminate need for bolting.
d. Where bolting is required, provide bolt holes in base plate and tapped
holes in top plate.

2. Type 2 isolators: Spring type.

a. Freestanding and laterally stable without housings, snubbers or guides.
b. Provide 6 mm neoprene acoustical friction pads between base plate and
support.
c. All mounting should be with leveling bolts that must be rigidly bolted to
equipment.
d. Spring diameter: Not less than 0.8 of compressed height of spring at rated
load.
e. Spring to have minimum additional travel to solid equal to 50 percent of rated
deflection.
f. Submittals shall include spring diameters, deflection, compressed spring
height and solid spring height

3. Type 3 isolators: Restrained Spring type with vertical limit stop.

a. Equal to type 2 isolator except that mountings shall incorporate a resilient
vertical limit stop to prevent spring extension during weight changes.
b. Installed and operating heights to be same.
c. Maintain a minimum clearance of 12 mm around restraining bolts and
between housing and spring so as not to interfere with spring action.
d. Limit stops to be out of contact during normal operations.
e. Restraining Bolts shall have a neoprene bushing between the bolt and the
housing.
f. Housing shall be designed to resist all seismic forces. Mountings shall have
Anchorage Preapproval OPA Number from OSHPD in the state of California
certifying the maximum certified horizontal and vertical load ratings.

4. Type 4 isolators: Neoprene Seismic Rubber Mounts.

a. Bridge-bearing neoprene mountings shall have a minimum static deflection of
0.2" (5mm) and all directional seismic capability.
b. The mount shall consist of a ductile iron casting containing two separated
and opposing molded neoprene elements.
c. The elements shall prevent the central threaded sleeve and attachment bolt
from contacting the casting during normal operation.
d. The shock absorbing neoprene materials shall be compounded to
bridge-bearing specifications.
e. Mountings shall have an Anchorage Preapproval OPA Number from OSHPD
in the State of California verifying the maximum certified horizontal and

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vertical load ratings.

B. Vibration hangers:

1. Type 5 isolators: Steel spring hanger type.

a. Hangers shall consist of rigid steel frames containing minimum 1 1/4" (32mm)
thick neoprene elements at the top and a steel spring with general
characteristics as in specification 5 seated in a steel washer reinforced
neoprene cup on the bottom. The neoprene element and the cup shall have
neoprene bushings projecting through the steel box. To maintain stability the
boxes shall not be articulated as clevis hangers nor the neoprene element
stacked on top of the spring
b. Neoprene element to be molded with a rod isolation bushing that passes
through hanger box.
c. Springs to have a minimum additional travel to solid equal to 50 percent of
rated deflection.
d. Spring diameters and hanger box lower hole sizes shall be large enough to
permit hanger rod to swing thru a 30 °ree arc before contacting hole and
short circuiting spring.
e. Hangers shall be as described above, but they shall be supplied with a
combination rubber and steel rebound washer as the seismic up stop for
suspended piping, ductwork, equipment and electrical cable trays. Rubber
thickness shall be a minimum of 1/4" (6mm). Submittals shall include a
drawing of the hanger showing the installation of the rebound washer.
2. Type 6 isolators: Pre-compressed steel spring type hanger.
a. Equal to type 5 except spring is pre-compressed to rated deflection so piping
or equipment is maintained at a fixed elevation during installation.
b. Provide a release mechanism to free spring after installation is completed
and hanger is subjected to its full load.

3. Type 7 isolators: Steel spring in neoprene cup type hanger.

a. Steel spring located in a neoprene cup manufactured with a grommet to
prevent short circuiting of hanger rod.
b. Provide steel washer in cup to properly distribute load on neoprene and
prevent its extrusion.
c. Spring diameters and hanger box lower hole sizes shall be large enough to
permit hanger rod to swing through a 30° arc before contacting hole and
short circuiting spring.
d. Spring to have a minimum additional travel to solid equal to 50 percent of
rated deflection.
e. Provide an eye bolt on spring end and provision to attach housing to flat iron
duct straps.

4. Type 8 isolators: Double deflection neoprene type hanger.

a. Minimum static deflection 10 mm.

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b. Elements to be color coded neoprene stock for easy identification of rated

load capacity.
c. Provide hanger for direct attachment to flat iron duct straps.

2.3 BASES AND RAILS

A. Type A: Integral structural steel base.

1. Rectangle in shape except for equipment which may require "T" or "L" shaped.
2. Pump bases for split case pumps: Provide supports for suction and discharge
elbows.
3. Perimeter members: Beams with a minimum depth equal to 1/10 of
longest dimension of base but not less than 100mm.
4. Beam depth need not exceed 350 mm provided that deflection and misalignment
is kept within acceptable limits as determined by manufacturer.
5. Provide height saving brackets in mounting locations to provide a base
clearance of 25 mm.

B. Type B: Steel rail.

1. Provide steel members welded to height saving brackets to cradle equipment
having legs or bases that do not require a complete supplementary base.
2. Members must be sufficiently rigid to prevent strains in equipment.

C. Type C: Structural steel and concrete base (Concrete inertia Bases).

1. Rectangular structural beam or channel concrete forms for floating
foundations.
2. Minimum base depth: 1/12 of longest dimension of base, but not less than 150
mm.
3. Base depth need not exceed 300 mm unless specially recommended by base
manufacturer for mass or rigidity.
4. Bases for split case pumps: Large enough to provide support for suction and
discharge base ells.
5. Provide minimum concrete reinforcement consisting of 15 mm bars or angles
welded in place on 150 mm centers running both ways in a layer 40 mm above
bottom, or additional steel as required by structural conditions.
6. Provide steel members to hold anchor-bolt sleeves when anchor bolts fall in
concrete locations.
7. Provide height saving brackets in mounting locations to maintain a 25 mm
clearance below base.

D. Type D: Curb mounted base.

1. Factory assembled isolation base that fits over roof curb and under isolated
equipment.

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2. Provide extruded aluminum top member to overlap bottom member to provide

water run off independent of seal.
3. Provide cadmium plated spring with a 25 mm minimum deflection with 50
percent additional travel to solid.
4. Spring diameter: Not less than 0.8 of spring height at rated load.
5. Provide resilient snubbers in corners with minimum clearance of 6 mm for wind
resistance.
6. Provide a weather seal of continuous closed cell sponge material both above
and below base and a waterproof flexible duct connection joining outside
perimeter of aluminum members.
7. Foam or other contact seals are not acceptable at spring cavity closure.
8. Curb shall have anchorage pre-approval OPA from OSHPD in the state of
California attesting to the maximum certified horizontal and vertical load ratings.

2.4 ISOLATION PADS

A. Isolation pads: Type IP1, field assembled for equipment mounting.

1. Construction: 100 mm thick, 21000 KPa concrete pad poured over a 100 mm
thick pre-compressed glass fiber isolation pad.
2. Glass fiber pads:

a. Inorganic inert material with loading capacity up to 3500 KPa.

b. Covered with an elastomeric coating to increase vibration dampening and to
protect media.
3. Concrete caps:
a. 1 SQ.M in area or less: Reinforced with 150 mm x 150 mm x 150 mm x 150
mm mesh.
b. Larger than 1 SQ.M in area: Reinforced with No.4 rebar 300 mm OC each
way.
4. Provide concrete caps with bevelled edges.

B. Isolation Pads

1. Isolation pads: Type IP2, field assembled equipment isolation bases. Isolation
bases: Field assembled concrete pads provided by general contractor. See
Division 3 and structural drawings.
2. Provide isolation bases with an isolation joint to isolate pad from floor slab. See
Division 3.
3. Make isolation bases larger each way than equipment mounting base or skid,
and size in accordance with approved equipment shop drawings.

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4. Make isolation bases minimum 350 mm thick with top of pad 100 mm above
finished floor slab.
5. Reinforce isolation bases as indicated in specifications and drawings.
6. Type IP2 isolation pads provided by General Contractor and Coordinated by
Mechanical work.

2.5 FLEXIBLE PIPE CONNECTORS

A. Flexible spherical expansions joints shall employ peroxide cured EPDM in the
covers, liners and Kevlar tire cord. Any substitutions must have equal or
superior physical and chemical characteristics.

B. Solid steel rings shall be used within the raised face rubber flanged ends to
prevent pullout. Flexible cable bead wire is not acceptable.

C. Sizes 2" (50mm) and larger shall have two spheres reinforced with a ductile
iron external ring between spheres.

D. Flanges shall be split ductile iron or steel with hooked or similar interlocks.
Sizes 16"(400mm) to 24" (600mm) may be single sphere. Sizes : (19mm) to
(38mm) may have threaded two piece bolted flange assemblies, one sphere
and cable retention.

E. Connectors shall be rated at 250 psi (1.72MPa) up to 170ΕF (77ΕC) with a

uniform drop in allowable pressure to 215 psi (1.48MPa) at 250ΕF (121ΕC) in
sizes through 14" (350mm). 16" (400mm) through 24" (600mm) single sphere
minimum ratings are 180 psi (1.24MPa) at 170ΕF (77ΕC) and 150 psi
(1.03MPa) at 250ΕF (121ΕC). Higher rated connectors may be used to
accommodate service conditions.

F. All expansion joints must be factory tested to 150% of rated pressure for 12
minutes before shipment. Safety factors to burst and flange pullout shall be a
minimum of 3/1. Concentric reducers to the above ratings may be substituted
for equal ended expansion joints.

G. Expansion joints shall be installed in piping gaps equal to the length of the
expansion joints under pressure. Control rods need only be used in
unanchored piping locations where the manufacturer determines the
installation exceeds the pressure requirement without control rods. If control
rods are used, they must have 2@ (12mm) thick Neoprene washer bushings
large enough in diameter to take the thrust at 1000 psi (.7 kg/mm2) maximum
on the washer area.

H. Submittals shall include two test reports by independent consultants showing

minimum reductions of 20 DB in vibration accelerations and 10 DB in sound
pressure levels at typical blade passage frequencies on this or a similar

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product by the same manufacturer. All expansion joints shall be installed on

the equipment side of the shut off valves.
I. Flexible stainless steel hose shall have stainless steel braid and carbon steel
fittings. Sizes 3" (75mm) and larger shall be flanged. Smaller sizes shall have
male nipples. Minimum lengths shall be as tabulated:

Flanged

3" x 12" (75 x 300mm) 6" x 18" (150 x 450mm) 12" x 24" (300 x 600mm)

4" x 12" (100 x 300mm) 8" x 18" (200 x 450mm) 14" x 30" (350 x 750mm)

5" x 18" (125 x 450mm) 10" x 18" (250 x 450mm) 16" x 32" (400 x 800mm)

Male Nipples

1/2" x 12" (12 x 300mm) 1-1/4" x 12" (32 x 300mm) 2" x 12" (50 x 300mm)

3/4" x 12" (19 x 300mm) 1-1/2"x 12" (38 x 300mm) 2-1/2" x 18" (64 x 450mm)

1" x 12" (25 x 300mm)

At equipment, hoses shall be installed on the equipment side of the shut-off

valves horizontal and parallel to the equipment shafts wherever possible.

J. Provide flexible pipe connectors of one of the following Manufacturers.

1. Mason Industries
2. M.W. Sausse & Co., Inc.
3. Thybar Corporation
4. Flexonics
5. K-Flex

2.6 THERMAL & EXPANSION JOINTS/LOOPS AND STRESS ANALYSIS

1. These joints must be provided in accordance with pipe and expansion connector
manufacturer’s recommendation.
2. Confirmation of thermal expansion and contraction joint/loop, from the
supplier/manufacturer of pipes and fittings, must be submitted to Engineer for
approval prior site installation. Thermal expansion/contraction calculation must
be submitted together with the supplier/manufacturer’s confirmation.
3. Pipe stress analysis should be performed for chilled water pipes size 150 mm
and above. Stress analysis should break pipe isometric model into four cases.

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Pipe analysis shall break the model into four cases:

The first case is operation (OPE), it will be the combination of dead weight,
pressure and temperature. The second case is sustained (SUS), it will be the
dead weight and pressure. The third case is occasional (OCC), it will be
combined of the dead weight, pressure and seismic. The fourth case will be the
thermal (EXP) which represents the difference between first and the second
cases.

Stress analysis should determine thermal expansion and contraction of pipes,

numbers and location of thermal expansion joints along with location and loading
of pipe anchors and pipe guides. Also determine seismic forces and restraint
requirement, expansion joint and anchor locations and determine anchor loading
that would be transferred into building structure. Stress analysis should be
performed by an expert company. Stress analysis report and drawings should be
stamped & certified by Professional Engineer (P.E) with at least 10 years of local
experience.”

PART - 3 EXECUTIONS

3.1 VIBRATION CONTROL

A. Except as otherwise indicated, select vibration control products in accordance

with latest edition of ASHRAE Handbook, Systems Volume, Chapter 35
"Sound and Vibration Control", Table 27. Install vibration and seismic control
equipment in accordance with specialist manufacturer’s installation
instructions and as specified.

B. Vibration control equipment shall be selected as specified and sized in

accordance with weight distribution, pull or torque imposed by shop drawing
approved equipment being isolated. Minimum static deflections may be
revised subject to prior approval.

C. Provide revised vibration control equipment to match revised or substituted

equipment.

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3.2 VIBRATION ISOLATORS SELECTION

47.4 2007 ASHRAE Handbook-HVAC Applications (SI)

Table 48 Selection Guide for Vibration Isolation

Equipment Location (Note 1)

Floor Span

Slab on Grade Up to 6 m 6 to 9 m 9 to 12 m
Shaft Isolat Min. Isolat Min. Isolat Min. Isolat Min.
Power kW Base or Defl., Base or Defl., Base or Defl., Base or Defl., Reference
Equipment Type and Other RPM Type Type mm Type Type mm Type Type mm Type Type mm Notes
Refrigeration Machines and Chillers

Reciprocating All All A 2 6.4 A 4 19 A 4 38 A 4 64 2,3,12

Centrifugal, screw All All A 1 6.4 A 4 19 A 4 38 A 4 38 2,3,4,12

Open centrifugal All All C 1 6.4 C 4 19 C 4 38 C 4 38 2,3,12

Absorption All All A 1 6.4 A 4 19 A 4 38 A 4 38

Air Compressors and Vacuum Pumps

Tank-mounted horiz. ≤7.5 All A 3 19 A 3 19 A 3 38 A 3 38 3,15
≥11 All C 3 19 C 3 19 C 3 38 C 3 38 3,15

Tank-mounted vert. All All C 3 19 C 3 19 C 3 38 C 3 38 3,15

Base-mounted All All C 3 19 C 3 19 C 3 38 C 3 38 3,14,15

Large reciprocating All All C 3 19 C 3 19 C 3 38 C 3 38 3,14,15

Pumps

Close-coupled ≤5.6 All B 2 6.4 C 3 19 C 3 19 C 3 19 16

≥7.5 All C 3 19 C 3 19 C 3 38 C 3 38 16
Large inline 3.7 to 19 All A 3 19 A 3 38 A 3 38 A 3 38

≥22 All A 3 38 A 3 38 A 3 38 A 3 64

End suction and split case ≤30 All C 3 19 C 3 19 C 3 38 C 3 38 16

37 to 93 All C 3 19 C 3 19 C 3 38 C 3 64 10,16

≥110 All C 3 19 C 3 38 C 3 64 C 3 89 10,16

Cooling Towers All Up to 300 A 1 6.4 A 4 89 A 4 89 A 4 89 5,8,18

301 to 500 A 1 6.4 A 4 64 A 4 64 A 4 64 5,18

500 and up A 1 6.4 A 4 19 A 4 19 A 4 38 5,18

Boilers-Fire-tube All All A 1 6.4 B 4 19 B 4 38 B 4 64 4

Axial Fans, Fan Heads, Cabinet Fans, Fan Sections

Up to 560 mrn diameter All All A 2 6.4 A 3 19 A 3 19 C 3 19 4,99

610 mm diameter and up ≤500 Pa SP Up to 300 B 3 64 C 3 89 C 3 89 C 3 89 9

301 to 500 B 3 19 B 3 38 C 3 64 C 3 64 9
500 and up B 3 19 B 3 38 B 3 38 B 3 38 9

≥501 Pa SP Up to 300 C 3 64 C 3 89 C 3 89 C 3 89 3,9

301 to 500 C 3 38 C 3 38 C 3 64 C 3 64 3,8,9

500 and up C 3 19 C 3 38 C 3 38 C 3 64 3,8,9

Centrifugal Fans
Up to 560 mrn diameter All All B 2 6.4 B 3 19 B 3 19 C 3 38 9,19

610 mm diameter and up ≤30 Up to 300 B 3 64 B 3 89 B 3 89 B 3 89 8,19

301 to 500 B 3 19 B 3 38 B 3 64 B 3 64 8,19

500 and up B 3 19 B 3 19 B 3 19 B 3 38 8,19

≥37 Up to 300 C 3 64 C 3 89 C 3 89 C 3 89 2,3,8,9,19

301 to 500 C 3 38 C 3 38 C 3 64 C 3 64 2,3,8,9,19

500 and up C 3 19 C 3 38 C 3 38 C 3 64 2,3,8,9,19

Propeller Fans
Wall-mounted All All A 1 6.4 A 1 6.4 A 1 6.4 A 1 6.4

Roof-mounted All All A 1 6.4 A 1 6.4 B 4 3.8 D 4 38

Heat Pumps All All A 3 19 A 3 19 A 3 19 A/D 3 38

Condensing Units All All A 1 6.4 A 4 19 A 4 38 A/D 4 38

Packaged AH, AC, H and V Units
All 75 All A 3 19 A 3 19 A 3 19 A 3 19 19

≤11 Up to 300 A 3 19 A 3 89 A 3 89 C 3 89 2,4,8,19

≤1kPa SP 301 to 500 A 3 19 A 3 64 A 3 64 A 3 64 4,19

500 and up A 3 19 A 3 38 A 3 38 A 3 38 4,19

≤11 Up to 300 B 3 19 C 3 89 C 3 89 C 3 89 2,3,4,8,9

≤1kPa SP 301 to 500 B 3 19 C 3 38 C 3 64 C 3 64 2,3,4,9

500 and up B 3 19 C 3 38 C 3 38 C 3 64 2,3,4,9

Packaged Rooftop
All All A/D 1 6.4 D 3 19 See reference Note No: 17 5,6,8,17
Equipment
Ducted Rotating Equipment

Small fans, fan-powered boxes ≤300 L/s All A 3 12.7 A 3 12.7 A 3 12.7 A 3 12.7 7

≥301 L/s All A 3 19 A 3 19 A 3 19 A 3 19 7

Engine-Driven Generators All All A 3 19 C 3 38 C 3 64 C 3 89 2,3,4

Base Types: Isolator Types:

A. No base, isolators attached directly to equipment (Note 27) 1. Pad, rubber, or glass fiber (Notes 20 and 21)

B. Structural steel rails or base (Notes 28 and 29) 2. Rubber floor isolator or hanger (Notes 20 and 25)
C. Concrete inertia base (Note 30) 3. Spring floor isolator or hanger (Notes 22, 23, and 25)
D. Curb-mounted base (Note 31) 4. Restrained spring isolator (Notes 22 and 24)

5. Thrust restraint (Note 26)

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3.3 HORIZONTAL PIPE ISOLATION

A. For piping connected to equipment mounted on vibration control products,
install isolation hangers as indicated, and for first 3 points of support for pipe
sizes 100 mm and less, for first 4 points of support for pipe sizes 125 mm
through 200 mm , and for first 6 points of support for pipe sizes 250 mm and
over.
B. Horizontal runs in other locations throughout building shall be isolated by type
7 isolators.

C. Floor supported piping shall rest on type 3 isolators.

D. Type 7 isolators or first 3 type 8 mounts as noted above will have same static
deflection as specified for mountings under connected equipment.

E. If piping is connected to equipment located in basements and hangs from

ceiling under occupied spaces, first 3 hangers shall have 20 mm deflection for
pipe sizes up to and including 75 mm and 65 mm deflection for pipe sizes up
to and including 150 mm.

F. Other hangers and mounts will have a minimum steel spring deflection of
25mm.

G. Locate hangers as close to overhead support as practical.

H. Pipe riser isolation: Pipe risers shall be supported using all directional
anchors, guides and spring supports. Steel springs shall be a minimum of
0.75" (19mm) except in those expansion locations where additional deflection
is required to limit load changes to 25% of the initial load. Submittals must
include riser diagrams and calculations showing anticipated expansion and
contraction at each support point, initial and final loads on the building
structure, spring deflection changes and seismic loads. Submittal data shall
include certification that the riser system has been examined for excessive
stresses and that none will exist in the proposed design. Design must be
certified by Professional Engineer.
3.4 SEISMIC RESTRAINTS
A. Anchor location affects the required strengths. Concrete anchors should be
located away from edges, stress joints, or existing fractures. ASTM Standard
E488 should be followed as a guide for edge distances and center to center
spacing.
B. Concrete anchors should not be too close together. Epoxy type anchors can
be closer together than expansion type anchors. Expansion type anchors
(self-drilling and drop in) can crush the concrete where they expand and
impose internal stresses in the concrete. Spacing of all the anchor bolts
should be carefully reviewed and shall be as per manufacturer’s
recommendation.

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C. Spring mountings should be built into a ductile iron or steel housing to

provide all directional seismic snubbing. The snubber shall be adjustable
vertically and allow a maximum of 1/4" (6mm) travel in all directions before
contacting the resilient snubbing collars. Mountings shall have an Anchorage
Preapproval OPA number from OSHPD in the State of California verifying the
maximum certified horizontal and vertical load ratings.

D. Seismic Cable Restraints for horizontal services shall consist of galvanized

steel aircraft cables sized to resist seismic loads with a minimum safety factor
of two and arranged to provide all-directional restraint. Cables must be pre-
stretched to achieve a certified minimum modulus of elasticity. Cable end
connections shall be steel assemblies that swivel to final installation angle
and utilize two clamping bolts to provide proper cable engagement. Cables
must not be allowed to bend across sharp edges. Cable assemblies shall
have an Anchorage Preapproval OPA Number from OSHPD in the State of
California verifying the maximum certified load ratings.

E. Seismic solid braces shall consist of steel angles or channels to resist

seismic loads with a minimum safety factor of 2 and arranged to provide all
directional restraint. Seismic solid brace end connectors shall be steel
assemblies that swivel to the final installation angle and utilize two through
bolts to provide proper attachment. Seismic solid brace assembly shall have
anchorage preapproval OPA number from OSHPD in the state of California
verifying the maximum certified load ratings.

F. All-directional acoustical pipe anchor, consisting of two sizes of steel tubing

separated by a minimum 1/2" (12mm) thick 60 durometer neoprene. Vertical
restraint shall be provided by similar material arranged to prevent vertical
travel in either direction. Allowable loads on the isolation material should not
exceed 500 psi (.35 kg/mm2) and the design shall be balanced for equal
resistance in any direction. All pipe risers should be designed and installed
using an all directional anchors, guides and spring supports. Pipe guides
shall consist of a telescopic arrangement of two sizes of steel tubing
separated by a minimum 1/2" (12mm) thickness of 60 durometer neoprene.
The height of the guides shall be preset with a shear pin to allow vertical
motion due to pipe expansion or contraction. Shear pin shall be removable
and reinsert able to allow for selection of pipe movement. Guides shall be
capable of ∀1 5/8" (41mm) motion, or to meet location requirements.

G. Supplementary steel bases and frames, concrete bases or equipment

modifications may void some manufacturer’s warranties. Snubbers, for
example, should be properly attached to a sub-base. Bumpers may be used
with springs.

H. Static analysis does not count for the effect of resonant conditions within a
piece of equipment or its components. Because equipment has different
resonant frequencies during operation and non-operation, the equipment
itself might fail even if the restraints do not. Equipment mounted inside

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housing should be seismically restrained to meet the same criteria as the

exterior restraints.

I. Snubbers used with spring mounts should withstand motion in all directions.
Some snubbers are only designed for restraints in one direction; sets of
snubbers or snubbers designed for multi-directional purposes should be
used.

J. Equipment must be strong enough to withstand the high deceleration forces

developed by resilient restraints.

K. Flexible connections should be provided between equipment that is braced

and piping/ductwork that need not be braced.

L. Flexible connections should be provided between isolated equipment and

braced piping and ductwork.

M. Bumpers installed to limit horizontal motion should be outfitted with resilient

neoprene pads to soften the potential impact load of the equipment.

N. Anchor installation should be inspected; in many cases, damage occurs

because bolts were not properly installed. To develop the rated restraint, bolt
should be installed according to manufacturer’s recommendation.

O. Brackets in structural steel attachment should be matched to reduce bending

and internal stresses at the joint.

P. Seismic design should follow Dubai (UAE) seismic code, International

building code, Uniform building code and ASCE 7.

Q. Seismic restraints should be provided from the same manufacturer of

Support system with all accessories including anchors.

END OF SECTION

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