Lab worksheet/ 213 Cell Biology

Microscopy lab/Exercise 2
Date:03-25-2020 10
points
1. Who invented the microscope and why? 1 pt

Anton Von Leeuwenhoek and Robert Hooke invented the microscope. Hooke invented the first
microscope and Leeuwenhoek later developed his own technique, developing a compound
microscope (one with two lenses) which more closely resembles the microscopes we use
today.

2. State the importance of the Microscope in laboratory experiment in biology field? 1 pt

Microscopes are incredibly important in biology laboratory experiments. Without microscopes,
organisms and biological entities smaller than a grain of sand would’ve remained unknown.
iology mainly deals with the study of cells (and their contents), genes, and all
organisms.Some organisms are so small that they can only be seen by using magnifications of
×2000 or more , which can only be achieved by a microscope. Cells are too small to be seen
with the naked eye. Genetics is the study of variations in an organism generation after
generation. Genetic engineering requires mixing of genes. Genes are even smaller than cells,
which is why microscopes are essential to genetics. Without the microscope, biology would
not have been so developed and many diseases would still have no cure.

3. What type of microscope is used in lab? Be specific on that and state why it is called
that? 1 pt
Basic light microscopes (also known as brightfield microscopes) will be used in this lab. They
are called brightfield microscopes because a light source under the stage is used to illuminate
the entire field of view (seen as a bright circle of light).

4. You prepared a slide, state the steps needed to focus a microscope to see the
specimen. 1 ptStat
Hint: You have adjust both fine and coarse focus on microscope
1. Plug in the microscope and turn on light switch. Make sure the blight circle is within the
field of view.
2. Place the prepared slide on the stage and secure it in place with the stage clips. Take care
to make sure the specimen is as centered as possible
3. Raise the stage as high as it will go using the course focus adjustment (make sure only using
the 4x objective).
4. While looking through the oculars, lower the stage with the course adjustment until the
specimen becomes visible
5. Focus the image further by turning the fine adjustment knob and adjust light intesity with
iris diaphragm if needed

5. What is magnification? How you can calculate the total magnification? 1 pt

Magnification is when an object’s apparent size in increased. This is when the object looks
bigger to the experimenter but has not physically increased in size. The total magnification is
calculated by multiplying the magnification of the ocular lens with the magnification of the
objective lens.

6. Calculate the total magnification for the follows: 2pt

Ocular Objective Total magnification

10X 4X(scanning) 40x
10X 10X(low power) 100x
10X 45X(high dry) 450x
10X 100x(Ooil immersion) 1000x

7. Define Parfocal and resolution 1 pt

Resolution is defined as the ability to see detail. In the context of microscopes, the better a
lens’ resolution, the more resolution one can see, or the better the quality of the image
displayed.
Parfocal means that when one objective lens is in focus, then the other objectives will also be
in focus. This means that “if you have your specimen under 4x, it will also be in focus under
100x”

8. Label the microscope(hint: use insert tab for the arrows to point out the label with
name) 2 pls
 Ocular lens

revolving nosepeice
objective lense arm

stage

condenser

iris diaphragm

light housing
fine adjustment knob

course adjustment knob

base