Physics Distance Learning - Dynamics Workbook

Physics Dynamics Workbook
1 - Basic Dynamics Problems Involving a Single Force
Note: Unless otherwise indicated, assume rectilinear motion in the absence of friction.
1-1. What is the acceleration of a 1300 kg automobile if acted upon by

a single force of 2600 N ? 2 m/s2
1-2. What mass would be accelerated at 4 m/s2 by a force of 10 N?

2.5 kg
1-3. A net force F causes a mass m1 of 4 kg to accelerate at a rate of

6 m/s2. This same force F causes a second mass m2 to accelerate
at 8 m/s2. What is the value of m2 ? 3 kg
1-4. A force of 8 N applied separately to each of two objects, results in

accelerations of 20 m/s2 and 5 m/s2. The two objects are then tied
together and the same force of 8 N is applied to them. Neglecting
friction, what will be the resulting acceleration of this combination? 4 m/s2
1-5. A certain force accelerates a cart at a rate of 0.5 m/s 2. What acceleration
would the same force produce on 3 carts (joined together)? 0.17 m/s2
SOLUTIONS
1-1. What is the acceleration of a 1300 kg automobile if acted upon by

a single force of 2600 N ?
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Quantities Appropriate Formula Isolate Unknown Substitute Quantities Answer with units
m = 1300 kg
FNET = 2600 N FNET = m  a a = FNET / m a = 2600 / 1300 a = 2 m/s2
a=?
1-2. What mass would be accelerated at 4 m/s2 by a force of 10 N?

a = 4 m/s2
FNET = 10 N FNET = m  a m = FNET / a m = 10 / 4 m = 2.5 kg
m=?
1-3. A net force F causes a mass m1 of 4 kg to accelerate at a rate of
6 m/s2. This same force F causes a second mass m2 to accelerate
at 8 m/s2. What is the value of m2 ?
This is a problem involving 2 situations therefore requiring 2 procedures.
First mass

m = 4 kg
a = 6 m/s2 FNET = m  a FNET = m  a FNET = 4 x 6 FNET = 24 N
FNET = ?
Second mass

FNET = 24 N
a = 8 m/s2 FNET = m  a m = FNET / a m = 24 / 8 m = 3 kg
m=?
1-4. A force of 8 N applied separately to each of two objects, results in

accelerations of 20 m/s2 and 5 m/s2. The two objects are then tied
together and the same force of 8 N is applied to them. Neglecting
friction, what will be the resulting acceleration of this combination?
First object

FNET = 8 N
a = 20 m/s2 FNET = m  a m = FNET / a m = 8 / 20 m = 0.4 kg
m=?
Second object

FNET = 8 N
a = 5 m/s2 FNET = m  a m = FNET / a m=8/5 m = 1.6 kg
m=?
Both objects tied together

m = 2 kg
FNET = 8 N FNET = m  a a = FNET / m a=8/2 a = 4 m/s2
a=?
1-5. A certain force accelerates a cart at a rate of 0.5 m/s 2. What acceleration
would the same force produce on 3 carts (joined together)?
Single cart

m = mCART
a = 0.5 m/s2 FNET = m  a FNET = m  a FNET = mCART  0.5 FNET = 0.5mCART
FNET = ?
Three carts

m = 3mCART
FNET = 0.5mCART FNET = m  a a = FNET / m a = 0.5mCART / 3mCART a = 0.167 m/s2
a=?
This problem may be solved by assuming a value for the mass of a single cart (e.g. 1 kg).
However, the reader is encouraged to solve such problems without resorting to assumed
values.
You’ll see why next year…
2 - Dynamics Problems Involving Several Collinear Forces
2-1. A 1300 kg automobile accelerates at 2 m/s2. What must be the force

exerted by the car's motor if frictional forces total 1500 N? 4100 N
2-2. Two dogs are pulling on a 2 kg steak. One pulls with a force of 250 N to
the right and the other dog pulls with a force of 275 N to the left.
What is the resulting acceleration of the steak? 12.5 m/s2 [left]
2-3. A 1000 kg car experiences an air resistance of 4000 N and road friction of
3000 N. The wheels push with a force of 7300 N.
What is the car's acceleration? 0.30 m/s2
SOLUTIONS
2-1. A 1300 kg automobile accelerates at 2 m/s2. What must be the force

exerted by the car's motor if frictional forces total 1500 N?
Let the direction in which the car is moving (forward) be the positive (+) direction.
The force of friction acts in the opposite, negative, direction.

m = 1300 kg FNET = m  a Fm + Ff = m  a Fm = 1300  2 – (-1500) Fmotor = 4100 N
a = 2 m/s2
Ffriction = -1500 N Fm = m  a – Ff
Fmotor = ?
2-2. Two dogs are pulling on a 2 kg steak. One pulls with a force of 250 N to
the right and the other dog pulls with a force of 275 N to the left.
What is the resulting acceleration of the steak? 12.5 m/s2 [left]
Let the rightward direction be the positive (+) direction.

m = 2 kg
F1 + F2 = m  a
F1 = +250 N a = (250+ -275) a = -12.5 m/s2
FNET = m  a
F2 = -275 N 2 = 12.5 m/s2 [left]
a = (F1 + F2) / m
a=?
2-3. A 1000 kg car is travelling at constant speed. It experiences an air resistance

of 4000 N and road friction of 3000 N. The wheels push with a force of
7300 N. What is the car's acceleration? 0.30 m/s2

Quantities Appropriate Formula Isolate Unknown* Substitute Quantities Answer with units
m = 1000 kg FNET = -4000 + -3000

+ 7300
Fresistance = -4000 N FNET = Fr + Ff + Fw
a = -12.5 m/s2
Ffriction = -3000 N FNET = m  a FNET = 300 N
Fwheels = 7300 N a = FNET / m = 12.5 m/s2 [left]
a=? a = 300 / 1000
* In general, it is convenient to determine F NET separately.
3 - Problems Involving a Single Force and Kinematics Quantities
3-1. A race car’s wheels exert a force of 5000 N for 10 s which produces a
change in velocity of 50 m/s. What is the car’s mass? 1000 kg
3-2. A car is traveling at 25 m/s. The driver suddenly sees traffic ahead and brakes.
The braking action causes a frictional force of 6000 N on the 1200 kg car.
How much time does it take for the car to stop? 5s
3-3. A 4 kg object traveling along a frictionless horizontal surface at 40 m/s is

acted upon by a single force of 240 N. This force causes the object to
speed up to 160 m/s. Over what distance was the force applied? 200 m
SOLUTIONS
In general, if the required quantity is a kinematics quantity (displacement, velocity or time),

dynamics (i.e. Newton’s Second Law) must be applied first, in order to solve for acceleration.
If the required quantity is a dynamics quantity (force or mass), kinematics must be applied first,
in order to solve for acceleration.
Acceleration is the quantity that relates kinematics and dynamics
3-1. A race car’s wheels exert a force of 5000 N for 10 s which produces a
change in velocity of 50 m/s. What is the car’s mass?
Since the required quantity is a dynamics quantity (mass), kinematics will be applied first, in
order to solve for acceleration.
Step 1 – apply kinematics

t = 10 s
v = 50 m/s a = v / t a = v / t a = 50 / 10 a = 5 m/s2
a=?
Step 2 – apply dynamics (Newton’s 2nd Law)

FNET = 5000 N
a = 5 m/s2 FNET = m  a m = FNET / a m = 5000 / 5 m = 1000 kg
m=?
3-2. A car is traveling at 25 m/s. The driver suddenly sees traffic ahead and brakes.
The braking action causes a frictional force of 6000 N on the 1200 kg car.
How much time does it take for the car to stop?
Since the required quantity is a kinematics quantity (time), dynamics will be applied first,

m = 1200 kg
FNET = -6000 N FNET = m  a a = FNET / m a = -6000 / 1200 a = -5 m/s2
a=?
(note that brakes apply a force in the direction opposite to a car’s motion)

vo = 25 m/s
vf = 0 m/s a = v / t t = (0 – 25) / -5
t = v / a t = 5 s
a = –5 m/s2
t = ?
note the value obtained for time is positive
3-3. A 4 kg object traveling along a frictionless horizontal surface at 40 m/s is acted upon by a
single force of 240 N. This force causes the object to speed up to 160 m/s. Over what
distance was the force applied? 200 m
Since the required quantity is a kinematics quantity (distance), dynamics will be applied
first, in order to solve for acceleration.

m = 4 kg
FNET = 240 N FNET = m  a a = FNET / m a = 240 / 4 a = 60 m/s2
a=?

vo = 40 m/s
vf = 160 m/s vF2 – vI2 = 2ad d = ( 1602 – 402 )
d = ( vF2 – vI2 ) / 2a d = 200 m
a = 60 m/s2 2  60
d = ?
4 - Problems Involving a Several Collinear Forces and Kinematics Quantities
4-1. A 200 kg box is pushed from rest across a rough floor by a worker applying
a force of 400 N for 20 s. During this time the box is moves across a
distance of 40 m. Determine the force of friction in this situation. 380 N
4-2. A dogsled is pulled by a team of 7 dogs each exerting a force of 500 N in the
direction of the sled’s movement. The total force of friction is 1000 N. As a result
the sled starts from rest and accelerates to a speed of 10 m/s in 4 s.
What is the mass of the sled? 130 kg
4-3. A 1000 kg car’s wheels exert a force of 5000 N for a certain amount of time
which allows it to accelerate from 9 m/s to 15 m/s. The total force of friction
is 2000 N. How far did the car travel during this time? 24 m
SOLUTIONS
4-1. A 200 kg box is pushed from rest across a rough floor by a worker applying
a force of 400 N for 20 s. During this time the box is moves across a
distance of 40 m. Determine the force of friction in this situation.
Since the required quantity is a dynamics quantity (force), kinematics will be applied first,
Let the direction in which the box is moving (forward) be the positive (+) direction.

vo = 0
t = 20 s df = do + vot + at2/2
a = 2d / t2 a = 40 / 202 a = 0.1 m/s2
d = 40
a=?

m = 200 kg
FNET = Fp + Ff
Fpush = 400 N
FNET = m  a Ff = 2000.1 – 400 Ff = -380 N
a = 0.1 m/s2 F f = m a – F p
Ffriction = ? N
(note that the force of friction is in the direction opposite to the motion)
4-2. A dogsled is pulled by a team of 7 dogs each exerting a force of 180 N in the
direction of the sled’s movement. The total force of friction is 1000 N. As a result
the sled starts from rest and accelerates to a speed of 10 m/s in 5 s.
What is the mass of the sled?
Since the required quantity is a dynamics quantity (mass), kinematics will be applied first,
Let the direction in which the box is moving (forward) be the positive (+) direction.

vo = 0
vf = 10 a = v / t
a = v / t a = (10 – 0) / 5 a = +2 m/s2
t = 5 s
a=?

Ffriction = -1000 N
FNET = 7  F1_dog + Ff FNET = 1260 – 1000
F1_dog = 180 N
FNET = m  a m = 130 kg
a = 2 m/s2 m = FNET / a m = 260/2
m=?
4-3. A 1000 kg car’s wheels exert a force of 5000 N for a certain amount of time which allows
it to accelerate from 9 m/s to 15 m/s. The total force of friction is 2000 N. How far did the
car travel during this time?
Since the required quantity is a kinematics quantity (distance), dynamics will be applied first,

m = 1000 kg FNET = 5000 + -2000
FNET = Fw + Ff
Fwheels = 5000 N = +3000 N
FNET = m  a a = +3 m/s2
Ffriction = -2000 N a = FNET / m
a=? a = 3000 / 1000

vo = 9 m/s
vf = 15 m/s vF2 – vI2 = 2ad d = ( 152 – 92 )
d = ( vF2 – vI2 ) / 2a d = 24 m
a = 3 m/s2 23
d = ?

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Physics Dynamics Workbook

1 - Basic Dynamics Problems Involving a Single Force

1-1. What is the acceleration of a 1300 kg automobile if acted upon by

1-2. What mass would be accelerated at 4 m/s2 by a force of 10 N?

1-3. A net force F causes a mass m1 of 4 kg to accelerate at a rate of

1-4. A force of 8 N applied separately to each of two objects, results in

1-1. What is the acceleration of a 1300 kg automobile if acted upon by

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

1-2. What mass would be accelerated at 4 m/s2 by a force of 10 N?

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

This is a problem involving 2 situations therefore requiring 2 procedures.

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

1-4. A force of 8 N applied separately to each of two objects, results in

This is a problem involving 3 situations therefore requiring 3 procedures.

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Both objects tied together

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

This is a problem involving 2 situations therefore requiring 2 procedures.

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

2 - Dynamics Problems Involving Several Collinear Forces

2-1. A 1300 kg automobile accelerates at 2 m/s2. What must be the force

2-1. A 1300 kg automobile accelerates at 2 m/s2. What must be the force

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Let the rightward direction be the positive (+) direction.

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

2-3. A 1000 kg car is travelling at constant speed. It experiences an air resistance

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

m = 1000 kg FNET = -4000 + -3000

* In general, it is convenient to determine F NET separately.

3 - Problems Involving a Single Force and Kinematics Quantities

3-3. A 4 kg object traveling along a frictionless horizontal surface at 40 m/s is

In general, if the required quantity is a kinematics quantity (displacement, velocity or time),

Acceleration is the quantity that relates kinematics and dynamics

Step 1 – apply kinematics

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Step 2 – apply dynamics (Newton’s 2nd Law)

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Step 1 – apply dynamics (Newton’s 2nd Law)

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

note the value obtained for time is positive

Step 1 – apply dynamics (Newton’s 2nd Law)

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Step 2 – apply kinematics

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

4 - Problems Involving a Several Collinear Forces and Kinematics Quantities

Step 1 – apply kinematics

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Step 2 – apply dynamics (Newton’s 2nd Law)

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Step 1 – apply kinematics

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Step 1 – apply dynamics (Newton’s 2nd Law)

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Step 2 – apply kinematics

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

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