Uy, Willard Karlheinz C.

MAED Gen. Sci – A

Quiz on Earth and Environmental Sciences

Question 1: What makes the ocean floor essential to study? Question 1: What
makes the ocean floor essential to study?

Answer:

By studying the topographical origin and composition of the ocean, we can

identify and verify its historical development in relation to the development of
the Earth, the different biotic and abiotic proponents of the marine life, and other
additional materials that would help support the information contained within
the body.

Question 2: What is the type of seafloor sediments of the Philippines? Give

atleast 3 evidences from 3 citations

Answer:

The types of seafloor sediments present in the Philippines are included mostly
into 3 different ocean sedimentary classifications:
1. Terrigenous - includes sand, rocks, and natural minerals found within the
ocean floor. This can be said that originated from the terrestrial environment, as
is washed towards the ocean.
2. Biogenous - natural skeletons of deceased marine lifeforms including fishes,
aquatic mammals, crustaceans, corals, and other benthic organisms like algae,
and planktons
3. Hydrogenous - Manganese, and Calcite deposits in the Philippine ocean floor
can be considered hydrogenous because it can be formed from various chemical
reactions happening within the deep waters.

Source:
-The Marine Conservation of the Philippines
– David, C. (2002, Updated 2012) Heavy metal concentrations in marine
sediments impacted by a mine-tailings spill, Marinduque Island, Philippines,
Springer Publishing Group
- Dalisay, D. (2016) NRCP RESEARCH UNCOVERS MARINE SEDIMENT-DERIVED
MICROBES FOR KILLING “SUPERBUGS”, Department of Science and Technology
Question 3: What is the best climate for an organism to survive and why?Give 3
reasons uisng citations.

Answer:

The real answer would be none because different organisms are very well
adapted to different climate conditions, including the extreme ones (e.g.
xerophytes). However, majority of the scientists agree that the best climate
condition for a specific organism to survive and thrive is those similar to the
climate present in the Tropical Rainforests. This is due to the fact that despite of
abundant rainfalls present in the biome, it exhibits a fairly balanced moisture
(humidity), temperature, and pressure, which allows different organisms ranging
from microscopic ones to macroscopic ones, to thrive and survive.

Source:
-The Philippine Weekly Organization
- The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Administration (PAGASA) Database
- The Philippine Climate - Paz, M. (2014) The Climate of the Philippines,
(presented at the Bulacan State University)

Question 4: What are the common agents of mass wasting in the Philippines?

Answer:
The common agents of mass wasting in the Philippines are the ff:
1. Gravity - due to the topographical placement of the country
2. Trigger - the downward slopes in our country are common, specifically on the
mountainous regions
3. Water - since the country only has dry and wet seasons, rainfalls may act as
an agent of mass wasting
4. Removal of Vegetation - due to illegal mining and logging 5. Natural Calamities
- because our country is located at the Pacific ring of fire, and is tropical.
therefore the country commonly experience different calamities

Question 5: Any advantages and disadvantages of mass wasting?

Answer:
Advantages include the reformation of different landmasses, and water bodies. It
also allows migration in biotic organisms, which promotes differentiation
Disadvantages include casualties and possible loss of property, and increase in
risk and vulnerability of a specific area.
Question 6: Among the abiotic factors, which are very important for the
organisms to live? Defend your answer by citing 3 scientific reason

Answer:
Water - It is mostly stated that life cannot exist without the presence of water.
This is why water is very vital for most of the organisms to survive. It is
important in different species ranging from plants, to animals and even to us
humans.
Temperature/Sunlight - This is believed to be one of the major abiotic factors of
the planet because it has the ability to essentially "control" other abiotic factors
like water, and gas molecules/sediments
Gas - specifically Oxygen and Nitrogen, because these are the most common
gases known to aid and support life within the Earth (as seen in aerobic and
anaerobic respiration)
Soil - can be an important abiotic factor because this is a requirement especially
to those sessile organisms that are very much dependent on soil (e.g. plants).
they get their nutrition directly from the soil.