Tugas untuk kelas XI TPM 5 jam ke 3-5 (Ruang F7)

Passive Voice (dicatat di buku masing-masing)

Fungsi dari passive voice

Kalimat pasif atau passive voice digunakan untuk menunjukkan ketertarikan pada seseorang atau objek yang
dikenai tindakan dan bukan seseorang atau objek yang melakukan tindakan. Jadi, hal atau orang yang
terpenting akan menjadi subjek kalimat.

Contoh

 The passive voice is used frequently. (= kita tertarik dengan kalimat pasif, bukan siapa yang
menggunakannya.)
 The house was built in 1654. (= kita tertarik dengan rumahnya, bukan siapa yang membangunnya.)

Terkadang, kita menggunakan kalimat pasif karena kita tidak mengetahui atau tidak ingin menyatakan siapa
yang melakukan tindakan.

Contoh

 I noticed that a window had been left open.

 Every year thousands of people are killed on our roads.
 All the cookies have been eaten.
 My car has been stolen!

Kalimat pasif sering digunakan dalam teks formal. Mengubahnya menjadi kalimat aktif akan membuat
tulisan Anda lebih jelas dan lebih mudah dibaca.

Pasif Aktif
Our planet is wrapped in a mass of gases. A mass of gases wrap around our planet.
Waste materials are disposed of in a variety of The city disposes of waste materials in a variety of
ways. ways.

Jika ingin mengatakan siapa atau apa yang melakukan suatu tindakan dalam kalimat pasif, kita
menggunakan preposisi by. Saat kita mengetahui siapa yang melakukan tindakan itu dan tertarik dengan
subjeknya, lebih baik kita mengubahnya ke kalimat aktif.

Pasif Aktif
"A Hard Day's Night" was written by the Beatles. The Beatles wrote "A Hard Day's Night".
The movie ET was directed by Spielberg. Spielberg directed the movie ET.
This house was built by my father. My father built this house.

Membentuk passive voice

Kalimat pasif dalam bahasa Inggris terdiri dari dua unsur:

bentuk kata kerja to be yang sesuai + past participle (V3)

Positif Negatif Pertanyaan Pertanyaan Negatif

The house was built in The house wasn't built in Was the house built in Wasn't the house built in
1899. 1899. 1899? 1899?
These houses were built These houses weren't built Were these houses built in Weren't these houses built
in 1899. in 1899. 1899? in 1899?
To clean, passive voice

+ to be
Subjek + past participle/V3 + sisa kalimat
(disesuaikan)
Simple present
The house is cleaned every day.
Present continuous
The house is being cleaned at the moment.
Simple past
The house was cleaned yesterday.
Past continuous
The house was being cleaned last week.
Present perfect
The house has been cleaned since you left.
Past perfect
The house had been cleaned before they arrived.
Future
The house will be cleaned next week.
Future continuous
The house will be being cleaned tomorrow.
Present conditional
The house would be cleaned if they had visitors.
Past conditional
would have
The house cleaned if it had been dirty.
been
Inifinitive
The house must be cleaned before we arrive.

Passive voice dengan infinitive

Kalimat pasif infinitive digunakan setelah modal kata kerja (modal verb), dan kata kerja lainnya biasanya
diikuti oleh infinitive.

Contoh

 You have to be tested on your English grammar.

 John might be promoted next year.
 She wants to be invited to the party.

Passive voice dengan gerund

Gerund digunakan setelah preposisi, dan kata kerja biasanya diikuti oleh gerund.

Contoh

 I remember being taught to drive.

 The children are excited about being taken to the zoo.
 The children are excited to be taken to the zoo.

Menggunakan 'to be born'

To be born adalah bentuk pasif dan biasanya digunakan dalam bentuk past tense. Namun, dalam beberapa
kasus, present atau future tense dapat digunakan.

Contoh

 I was born in 1976.

 Where were you born?
 Around 100 babies are born in this hospital every week.

Terkadang, kalimat pasif dibentuk menggunakan kata kerja to get atau to have, dan bukan to be. Berikut
halaman terpisah yang membahas tentang cara-cara alternatif untuk membentuk kalimat pasif.

Text: Biodiesel

Biodiesel is a clean burning substitute for petroleum based diesel fuel. Biodiesel is made of vegetable
oil. To make or manufacture Biodiesel, you must first start with raw materials. The raw materials needed in
the production of Biodiesel are a small amount of methanol and a ready supply of vegetable product. One of
the most common vegetables used in the production of Biodiesel is corn, although depending on the
geographic location of the manufacturing facility many other plants are used as well (rapeseed, soybeans,
flaxseed, etc.). The first step is to use the raw vegetable product to make vegetable oil. Vegetable oil by
itself will not be what you need to power a car, from here it has to be processed into Biodiesel.

The process for converting vegetable oil into Biodiesel is sometimes called ester interchange. To
complete this process the vegetable oil has to be combined with a smaller amount of methanol and then put
in the presence of a small quantity of an alkaline catalyst (for example, 5% to 1% sodium hydroxide).
Vegetable oil is made up of so-called triglycerides, which is a compound of the trivalent alcohol glycerin
with three fatty acids. The goal of ester interchange is to separate the glycerin molecule from the three fatty
acids and replace it with three methanol molecules. This process then yields roughly 90% Biodiesel and
10% of a glycerin byproduct. The glycerin byproduct can be used in a number of other chemical processes
for different industries.

Answer these question based on the text above!

1. What is the purpose of the text?

2. What does the text tell about?

3. According to the text, one of the advantages in using biodiesel is…

4. “The process for converting vegetable oil…”(Paragraph 3). The word “converting” is closest in
meaning to…

5. How does the process of ester interchange work?

6. Translate the text into Indonesia!

7. Find the passive form sentences on the text!

Tugas diatas dikumpulkan.