ULTRASONIC TESTING OF INTEGRAL

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1. GENERAL:

This document covers the ultrasonic tests and the

standards of acceptance to be applied to spigots that
form an integral part of steam turbine blades.
It excludes the testing previously required before fitting
and riveting of shrouding. This is no"longer considered
necessary because of the negative results obtained from
the testing of over 20,000 spigots in the unriveted
condition.
Testing is now confined to the 1056 check referred to below
as a means of maintaining the necessary standard of rivets.
2. TESTING AFTER RTV FT ING OF SHROUDING*

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Spigots dimpled to facilitate riveting cannot be

ultrasonicaily tested unless the dimple has been removed.
10% of each stage or batch of spigots having cross
sectional dimensions greater than 7.15 mm shall be
ultrasonicaily tested as described in the Appendix. This
Phall bo don«* aft<?r the dimple has been removed by
grinding or filing to produce a surface suitable for
ultrasonic testing, leaving the 'stand out* within the
limit of the appropriate gauge. If a flat is provided,
it shall be normal to the axis of the spigot, and equal
to the diameter of the spigot within a tolerance of
0.80 mm.

2.2 Spigots without dimples

2.2.1 Circular Spigots

10"° of each stage or batch of circular spigots greater

than 7.15 mm shall be ultrasonicaily tested as described
in the Appendix 1.
Spigots of 7.15 mm and less shall not be tested.
2.2.2 Non - Circular Spigot's
10% cxf each stage or batch of non-circular spigots having
cross-sectional dimensions greater than 7.15 mm shall be
ultrasonically tested as described in the Appendix I«
Spigots having cross-sectional dimensions of 7.15 mm and
less shall not be tested.
3. ACCEPTANCE STANDARD:
Spigots giving ultrasonic indications less that- 15 mm
amplitude shall be acceptable.
Spigots giving ultrasonic indications in excess of 15 mm
amplitude shall be subjected to further investigation,
i.e. the whole of the rest of the stage or batch shall be
examined ultrasonically and the results given further
consideration.
APPENDIX_-_I

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1. EQUITPMENT:
Krautkramer type KIOW
2. PROBE:
Type SMSEP 4T

This comprises a combined minature double 4 MC probe machined

to givr- a contact rUameter of 6.35 mm.
3. TEST BLOCK:

To ensure reproducible results a test piece shall be used

on which the instrument sensitivity shall be calibrated.
The test block consists of riveted spigot 9.50 mm diameter,
plus 6.35 mm of blade section. A 1.20 mm diameter flat
bottomed hole is drilled from the underside of the blade
section on the axis of the spigot to a depth which coincides
with the radius. The head of the spigot is ground flat and
normal to the spigot axis.
4. SENSITIVITY:

The sensitivity shall be adjusted to give an indication from

the 1.20 mm diameter flat bottomed hole of 36 mm anplitude.
5. PROBE MANIPULATION:

Scanning shall be carried out on the spigot head so that the

whole surface is covered*, some over-lapping of the spigot
being necessary to ensure full coverage. At all times,the
acoustic separator of the test, probe must be held radial-to
thif Ceittc of the spigot. LL_-___